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His ACTH level was low, 21-hydroxylase antibodies were not present, and further testing demonstrated otherwise intact pituitary function.

Magnetic resonance imaging of his pituitary gland showed normal findings.

[MeSH-major] Adrenal Insufficiency / diagnosis. Alopecia Areata / diagnosis. Colitis, Ulcerative / diagnosis. Factor VIII / metabolism. Polyendocrinopathies, Autoimmune / complications. Polyendocrinopathies, Autoimmune / pathology. Thyroiditis / pathology

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(PMID = 19289325.001).

[ISSN] 1934-2403

[Journal-full-title] Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists

[ISO-abbreviation] Endocr Pract

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 9001-27-8 / Factor VIII

[Number-of-references] 22

   

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The results reveal several tissue-specific genes highly expressed in testis and pituitary gland.

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(PMID = 17519037.001).

[ISSN] 1471-2164

[Journal-full-title] BMC genomics

[ISO-abbreviation] BMC Genomics

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] England

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC1888706

   

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[Title] The diagnosis of children with central diabetes insipidus.

Proper etiological diagnosis can be achieved via a series of steps that start with clinical observations and then progress, as needed, to more sophisticated methods.

Indeed, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) represents the examination method of choice for evaluating hypothalamic-pituitary-related endocrine diseases due to its ability to provide strongly-contrasted high-resolution multi-planar and spatial images.

Specifically, MRI allows a detailed and precise anatomical study of the pituitary gland by differentiating between the anterior and posterior pituitary lobes.

MRI identification of pituitary hyperintensity in the posterior part of the sella, now considered to be a clear marker of neurohypophyseal functional integrity, together with careful analysis of pituitary stalk shape and size, have provided the most striking recent findings contributing to the diagnosis and understanding of some forms of 'idiopathic' central diabetes insipidus.

[MeSH-major] Brain Neoplasms / pathology. Craniopharyngioma / pathology. Diabetes Insipidus, Neurogenic / pathology. Germinoma / pathology. Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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(PMID = 17451074.001).

[ISSN] 0334-018X

[Journal-full-title] Journal of pediatric endocrinology & metabolism : JPEM

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Pediatr. Endocrinol. Metab.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] England

[Number-of-references] 97

   

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[Title] Expression and externalization of annexin 1 in the adrenal gland: structure and function of the adrenal gland in annexin 1-null mutant mice.

Annexin 1 (ANXA1) is a member of the annexin family of phospholipid- and calcium-binding proteins with a well demonstrated role in early delayed (30 min to 3 h) inhibitory feedback of glucocorticoids in the hypothalamus and pituitary gland.

This study used adrenal gland tissue from ANXA1-null transgenic mice, in which a beta-galactosidase (beta-Gal) reporter gene was controlled by the ANXA1 promoter, and wild-type control mice to explore the potential role of ANXA1 in adrenal function.

RT-PCR and Western blotting revealed strong expression of ANXA1 mRNA and protein in the adrenal gland.

The N-terminal peptide ANXA1(Ac2-26) inhibited corticosterone release.

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(PMID = 17158208.001).

[ISSN] 0013-7227

[Journal-full-title] Endocrinology

[ISO-abbreviation] Endocrinology

[Language] eng

[Grant] United Kingdom / Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council / / BB/E52708X/1; United Kingdom / Wellcome Trust / /

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Annexin A1; 0 / Antigens, Surface; 9002-60-2 / Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; W980KJ009P / Corticosterone

   

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Previous reports have documented that PAD2 expression and activity varies across the estrous cycle in the rodent uterus and pituitary gland, however, the expression and function of PAD2 in mammary tissue has not been previously reported.

Surprisingly, stimulation of canine mammary tumor cells (CMT25) shows that EGF, but not estrogen or progesterone, upregulates PAD2 transcription and translation suggesting EGF regulation of PAD2 and possibly citrullination in vivo.

Use of site-specific anti-citrullinated histone antibodies found that the N-terminus of histone H3, but not H4, appears to be the primary target of PAD activity in mammary epithelium.

[MeSH-minor] Animals. Blotting, Western. Cell Line, Tumor. Cell Nucleus / metabolism. Cytoplasm / metabolism. Dogs. Epidermal Growth Factor / pharmacology. Estrous Cycle / genetics. Estrous Cycle / physiology. Female. Fluorescent Antibody Technique. Gene Expression / drug effects. Immunohistochemistry. Mammary Neoplasms, Animal / metabolism. Polymerase Chain Reaction

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(PMID = 20668670.001).

[ISSN] 1932-6203

[Journal-full-title] PloS one

[ISO-abbreviation] PLoS ONE

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Histones; 29VT07BGDA / Citrulline; 62229-50-9 / Epidermal Growth Factor; EC 3.- / Hydrolases; EC 3.5.3.15 / protein-arginine deiminase

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2909897

   

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Unlike myostatin, activins regulate the growth and differentiation of nearly all cell types, including cells of the gonads, pituitary gland and skeletal muscle.

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[Cites] J Clin Invest. 2006 Nov;116(11):2924-34 [17039257.001]

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(PMID = 19108572.001).

[ISSN] 1128-2460

[Journal-full-title] Acta myologica : myopathies and cardiomyopathies : official journal of the Mediterranean Society of Myology

[ISO-abbreviation] Acta Myol

[Language] ENG

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Italy

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / FS I-I protein; 0 / Follistatin; 0 / Mstn protein, mouse; 0 / Myostatin; 0 / Recombinant Fusion Proteins; 0 / Transforming Growth Factor beta; EC 2.7.11.30 / Activin Receptors, Type I; EC 2.7.11.30 / Acvr1 protein, mouse

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2859604

   

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[Title] Purinergic receptor ligands stimulate pro-opiomelanocortin gene expression in AtT-20 pituitary corticotroph cells.

Although recent studies have suggested that purinergic receptors are expressed in the anterior pituitary gland, their involvement in the regulation of pituitary hormone gene expression is not completely understood.

Because adenosine and ATP are known to be produced within the pituitary gland, it is possible they may be acting in an autocrine/paracrine fashion.

[MeSH-major] Adenosine / metabolism. Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone / metabolism. Gene Expression Regulation / physiology. Pituitary Gland / metabolism. Pro-Opiomelanocortin / metabolism. Receptors, Purinergic / metabolism

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(PMID = 16503922.001).

[ISSN] 0953-8194

[Journal-full-title] Journal of neuroendocrinology

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Neuroendocrinol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Ligands; 0 / RNA, Messenger; 0 / Receptors, Purinergic; 66796-54-1 / Pro-Opiomelanocortin; 8L70Q75FXE / Adenosine Triphosphate; 9002-60-2 / Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; 9015-71-8 / Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; K72T3FS567 / Adenosine

   

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Ultrasonography of the mamillary gland was not definite for gynecomastia but repeated serum prolactin concentrations were elevated 5-fold the upper limit of normal.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the pituitary gland could not identify a tumoral mass.

[MeSH-minor] Algorithms. Diagnosis, Differential. Dopamine Agonists / therapeutic use. Ergolines / administration & dosage. Ergolines / therapeutic use. Follow-Up Studies. Gynecomastia / diagnosis. Gynecomastia / ultrasonography. Humans. Hypogonadism / diagnosis. Male. Middle Aged. Prolactin / blood. Testosterone / blood. Time Factors. Ultrasonography, Mammary

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(PMID = 19048508.001).

[ISSN] 1661-8157

[Journal-full-title] Praxis

[ISO-abbreviation] Praxis (Bern 1994)

[Language] ger

[Publication-type] Case Reports; English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Switzerland

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Dopamine Agonists; 0 / Ergolines; 3XMK78S47O / Testosterone; 9002-62-4 / Prolactin; LL60K9J05T / cabergoline

   

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[Title] Pituitary senescence: the evolving role of Pttg.

Despite the high prevalence of pituitary adenomas they are invariably benign, indicative of unique intrinsic mechanisms controlling pituitary cell proliferation.

Cellular senescence is characterized by a largely irreversible cell cycle arrest and constitutes a strong anti-proliferative response, which can be triggered by DNA damage, chromosomal instability and aneuploidy, loss of tumor suppressive signaling or oncogene activation.

Here we discuss prospective mechanisms underlying senescence-associated molecular pathways activated in benign pituitary adenomas.

Both deletion and over-expression of pituitary tumor transforming gene (Pttg) promote chromosomal instability and aneuploidy.

Pttg deletion abrogates tumor development by activating p53/p21-dependent senescence pathways.

Abundant PTTG in GH-secreting pituitary adenomas also triggers p21-dependent senescence.

Pituitary p21 may therefore safeguard against further chromosomal instability by constraining pituitary tumor growth.

These observations point to senescence as a target for effective therapy for both tumor silencing and growth restraint towards development of pituitary malignancy.

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[Copyright] 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

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(PMID = 20153804.001).

[ISSN] 1872-8057

[Journal-full-title] Molecular and cellular endocrinology

[ISO-abbreviation] Mol. Cell. Endocrinol.

[Language] ENG

[Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA075979-11A1; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA075979; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA075979-11A1

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] Ireland

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Neoplasm Proteins; 0 / Securin; 0 / pituitary tumor-transforming protein 1, human

[Other-IDs] NLM/ NIHMS185500; NLM/ PMC2906651

   

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[Title] Effect of new SNP within bovine prolactin gene enhancer region on expression in the pituitary gland.

The application of real-time PCR revealed that the prolactin gene expression level in the pituitary was higher in cattle with the AA genotype than in those with the GG genotype.

[MeSH-major] Cattle / genetics. Pituitary Gland / metabolism. Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide. Prolactin / genetics

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(PMID = 17929163.001).

[ISSN] 0006-2928

[Journal-full-title] Biochemical genetics

[ISO-abbreviation] Biochem. Genet.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / DNA Primers; 0 / RNA, Messenger; 9002-62-4 / Prolactin; 9007-49-2 / DNA

   

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Radiotherapy in this case also caused early radiation injury to the lenses and the pituitary gland, with growth retardation and mineralizing angiopathy.

Survivors of childhood ALL treated with high-dose cranial irradiation are at risk both for early radiation injury in radiosensitive organs, such as the lens and pituitary gland, and for the later development of a radiation-induced meningioma.

[MeSH-major] Cataract / etiology. Cranial Irradiation / adverse effects. Growth Disorders / etiology. Meningeal Neoplasms / etiology. Meningioma / etiology. Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced / etiology. Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / radiotherapy

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Humans. Lens, Crystalline / radiation effects. Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Male. Pituitary Gland / radiation effects. Time Factors. Tomography, X-Ray Computed. Whole-Body Irradiation

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(PMID = 16193392.001).

[ISSN] 0167-594X

[Journal-full-title] Journal of neuro-oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Neurooncol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

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Pituitary GH is therefore probably involved in normal lung growth or development, although perinatal lung development occurs prior to the differentiation of pituitary somatotrophs and the ontogeny of pituitary GH secretion.

A 690-bp cDNA, identical in size and nucleotide sequence to the full-length pituitary GH transcript, was amplified by reverse transcription/polymerase chain reaction from total RNA extracted from the lungs of embryos at 11, 13, 15, and 18 days of the 21-day incubation period.

Lung GH immunoreactivity was primarily associated with a 15-kDa protein, rather than the 26-kDa protein in the pituitary gland.

After the onset of pituitary GH secretion (at ED17), GH mRNA was barely detectable in the lungs of ED20 embryos, at the start of lung breathing.

Lung GH may thus have autocrine or paracrine roles in lung development or in pulmonary function prior to the ontogeny of the pituitary gland and the appearance of GH in peripheral plasma.

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(PMID = 16047159.001).

[ISSN] 0302-766X

[Journal-full-title] Cell and tissue research

[ISO-abbreviation] Cell Tissue Res.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Germany

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / RNA, Messenger; 0 / Receptors, Somatotropin; 9002-72-6 / Growth Hormone

   

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Key players in the continuous adaptation process are corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) from the hypothalamic nucleus preopticus (NPO), pituitary adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol produced by the interrenal cells in the headkidney (adrenal equivalent of fish).

Pro-opiomelanocortin is produced and processed to ACTH and endorphin in the hypothalamic NPO and pituitary pars distalis ACTH-cells, to MSH and acetylated endorphins in the pituitary pars intermedia MSH-cells.

Interesting observations were made on the CRF control of pituitary cells.

Endorphin, produced in the NPO and transported via axons to the pituitary gland in vivo, reverses the stimulatory CRF action on MSH-cells to a differential inhibition of N-acetyl beta-endorphin release in vitro (MSH release is not affected).

In carp (and other fish), the endocrine stress axis is already operational in very early life stages, viz., around hatching and comprises hypothalamic, pituitary, and interrenal signaling to adjust the physiology of the hatchling to its dynamically changing environment.

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(PMID = 16403502.001).

[ISSN] 0016-6480

[Journal-full-title] General and comparative endocrinology

[ISO-abbreviation] Gen. Comp. Endocrinol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Endorphins; 66796-54-1 / Pro-Opiomelanocortin; 9002-79-3 / Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormones; 9015-71-8 / Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone

[Number-of-references] 37

   

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Information regarding metabolic state can be transmitted to the appetite control centres of the brain by a diverse array of signals, such as stimulation of the vagus nerve, or metabolic 'feedback' factors derived from the pituitary gland, adipose tissue, stomach/abomasum, intestine, pancreas and/or muscle.

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(PMID = 19087372.001).

[ISSN] 1475-2700

[Journal-full-title] Nutrition research reviews

[ISO-abbreviation] Nutr Res Rev

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Cannabinoids; 0 / Hormones

[Number-of-references] 388

   

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Recent functional genomics analysis in birds has shown that long days induce thyroid-stimulating hormone production in the pars tuberalis (PT) of the pituitary gland, which triggers DIO2 expression in the ependymal cells (EC) of the MBH.

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(PMID = 19015516.001).

[ISSN] 1091-6490

[Journal-full-title] Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

[ISO-abbreviation] Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Receptors, Thyrotropin; 9002-71-5 / Thyrotropin; EC 1.11.1.- / iodothyronine deiodinase type II; EC 1.11.1.8 / Iodide Peroxidase; JL5DK93RCL / Melatonin

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2587639

   

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Gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH), an RFamide peptide, has been found to inhibit pituitary LH secretion in avian and mammalian species.

The gene encoding a putative receptor for GnIH (GnIHR) was recently identified in the chicken and Japanese quail brain and pituitary gland.

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(PMID = 18239054.001).

[ISSN] 1470-1626

[Journal-full-title] Reproduction (Cambridge, England)

[ISO-abbreviation] Reproduction

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Avian Proteins; 0 / Hypothalamic Hormones; 0 / RNA, Messenger; 4G7DS2Q64Y / Progesterone; 4TI98Z838E / Estradiol; 9002-68-0 / Follicle Stimulating Hormone

   

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[Title] Genistein-induced pituitary prolactin gene expression and prolactin release in ovariectomized ewes following a series of intracerebroventricular infusions.

The aim of the study was to evaluate whether genistein, a phytoestrogen commonly present in feed plants, affects prolactin release and its gene expression in the pituitary gland.

Northern blot analysis revealed that pituitary prolactin mRNA content increased significantly in response to genistein, compared to the vehicle-infused ewes (p<0.05).

[MeSH-major] Genistein / pharmacology. Pituitary Gland / drug effects. Prolactin / biosynthesis

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(PMID = 18059975.001).

[ISSN] 2300-732X

[Journal-full-title] Reproductive biology

[ISO-abbreviation] Reprod Biol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] Poland

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / RNA, Messenger; 9002-62-4 / Prolactin; DH2M523P0H / Genistein

   

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[Title] Developing effective screening strategies in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN 1) on the basis of clinical and sequencing data of German patients with MEN 1.

BACKGROUND: Multiple-endocrine-neoplasia-type-1 (MEN1) is an autosomal-dominant inherited disorder characterized by the combined occurrence of primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT), gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP), adenomas of the pituitary gland (APA), adrenal cortical tumors (ADR) and other tumors.

As the tumors appear in an unpredictable schedule, uncertainty about screening programs is persisting.

RESULTS: A total of 683 tumors occurred consisting of 273 pHPT, 138 APA, 166 GEP, 57 ADR, 24 thymic- and bronchial-carcinoids as well as 25 neoplasms of other tissues.

CONCLUSION: In view of the morbidity and frequency in familial cases an effective screening programme should aim at an early diagnosis of GEP particularly when truncating, especially nonsense mutations are found.

[MeSH-major] Mass Screening / methods. Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 / epidemiology

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(PMID = 17853334.001).

[ISSN] 0947-7349

[Journal-full-title] Experimental and clinical endocrinology & diabetes : official journal, German Society of Endocrinology [and] German Diabetes Association

[ISO-abbreviation] Exp. Clin. Endocrinol. Diabetes

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] Germany

[Chemical-registry-number] 9007-49-2 / DNA

   

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[Title] Survival and differentiation of pituitary colony-forming cells in vivo.

Recently, our laboratory identified a cell type within the adult pituitary gland with stem cell-like properties, which we have termed pituitary colony-forming cells (PCFCs).

[MeSH-major] Cell Differentiation. Pituitary Gland / cytology. Stem Cells / cytology

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(PMID = 17395770.001).

[ISSN] 1066-5099

[Journal-full-title] Stem cells (Dayton, Ohio)

[ISO-abbreviation] Stem Cells

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 9002-72-6 / Growth Hormone

   

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The transcript was detected not only in the pituitary gland but also in the testis.

[MeSH-minor] Amino Acid Sequence. Animals. Base Sequence. Cloning, Molecular. Escherichia coli / genetics. Female. Gene Expression. Immunohistochemistry / methods. Male. Molecular Sequence Data. Phylogeny. Pituitary Gland / metabolism. RNA, Messenger / metabolism. Recombinant Proteins / immunology. Sequence Alignment. Testis / metabolism

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(PMID = 16326143.001).

[ISSN] 1532-0456

[Journal-full-title] Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Toxicology & pharmacology : CBP

[ISO-abbreviation] Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C Toxicol. Pharmacol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / RNA, Messenger; 0 / Recombinant Proteins; 9002-72-6 / Growth Hormone

   

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This article focuses on the GH gene, the various gene alterations, and their possible impact on the pituitary gland.

Transcription factors regulating pituitary gland development may cause multiple pituitary hormone deficiency but may present initially as GH deficiency.

[MeSH-major] Dwarfism, Pituitary / genetics

[MeSH-minor] Animals. Growth Hormone / genetics. Humans. Mice. Mice, Transgenic. Mutation. Pituitary Gland / growth & development. RNA Splice Sites / genetics. Secretory Vesicles / pathology. Transcription Factors / genetics. Transcription Factors / physiology

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(PMID = 17336732.001).

[ISSN] 0889-8529

[Journal-full-title] Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America

[ISO-abbreviation] Endocrinol. Metab. Clin. North Am.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / RNA Splice Sites; 0 / Transcription Factors; 9002-72-6 / Growth Hormone

[Number-of-references] 82

   

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BACKGROUND: Craniopharyngioma is histologically a benign epithelial tumor located in the supersellar cistern that often presents aggressive growth and repeated recurrence.

METHODS: The cohorts consisted of 32 patients with AE and 31 patients with SP tumor.

CONCLUSIONS: Microvascular density and VEGF in craniopharyngioma tissue have no correlation with prognosis of the tumor, which may be explained by the minimal blood circulation in the craniopharyngioma.

[MeSH-major] Craniopharyngioma / blood supply. Craniopharyngioma / metabolism. Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / etiology. Pituitary Neoplasms / blood supply. Pituitary Neoplasms / metabolism. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / metabolism

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(PMID = 16904996.001).

[ISSN] 0090-3019

[Journal-full-title] Surgical neurology

[ISO-abbreviation] Surg Neurol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A

   

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[Title] Intracranial metastatic disease rarely involves the pituitary: retrospective analysis of 935 metastases in 155 patients and review of the literature.

We present a case report of a patient recently treated at our institution for an isolated non-small cell lung cancer metastatic lesion to the sella, report the lack of involvement of the pituitary gland in a large single-institution series of treated intracranial parenchymal metastases, and review the pertinent literature.

Special attention was paid to the skull base to document the presence of any metastatic disease involving the pituitary gland, infundibular stalk, sella turcica (including anterior and posterior clinoids), or diaphragm sellae.

We found no other involvement of the pituitary gland or other sellar structures by metastatic disease in this series.

Intracranial metastatic disease rarely involves the pituitary gland and infundibular stalk parenchyma, suggesting that this structure may be safely omitted from the treatment field during WBRT and prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI).

[MeSH-major] Brain Neoplasms / diagnosis. Brain Neoplasms / secondary. Pituitary Gland / pathology

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(PMID = 20405323.001).

[ISSN] 1573-7403

[Journal-full-title] Pituitary

[ISO-abbreviation] Pituitary

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] United States

   

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[Title] Cushing's disease associated with both pituitary microadenoma and corticotroph hyperplasia.

MRI imaging revealed a possible pituitary microadenoma.

To confirm the diagnosis a bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling was performed presenting higher ACTH levels on the right side.

Histological examination of the tumor revealed a microadenoma.

Neuropathological autopsy revealed nodular proliferations of corticotropic cells in the pituitary gland that are assumed to be morphological entities between diffuse hyperplasias and adenomas, termed as tumorlets.

In single reports, multiple pituitary lesions in patients with Cushing's disease have been demonstrated, but to our knowledge none of these cases presented the combination of an ACTH-producing microadenoma and corticotroph cell hyperplasia in the same patient.

Therefore, even after resection of a pituitary microadenoma one should be aware of the possibility of continuously elevated ACTH level being due to multifocal nodular corticotroph hyperplasia which is invisible by neuroradiological examination.

[MeSH-major] ACTH-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma / pathology. Pituitary ACTH Hypersecretion / pathology. Pituitary Neoplasms / pathology

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[CommentIn] Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes. 2010 Jan;118(1):68 [20127571.001]

(PMID = 19085700.001).

[ISSN] 1439-3646

[Journal-full-title] Experimental and clinical endocrinology & diabetes : official journal, German Society of Endocrinology [and] German Diabetes Association

[ISO-abbreviation] Exp. Clin. Endocrinol. Diabetes

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Germany

[Chemical-registry-number] 9002-60-2 / Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; WI4X0X7BPJ / Hydrocortisone

   

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Acromegaly is characterized by chronic excessive growth hormone (GH) secretion by the pituitary gland.

Feline acromegaly is most commonly caused by a functional pituitary tumor.

Definitive diagnosis can be difficult because of the gradual disease onset, subtle clinical signs, unavailability of relevant laboratory tests, and client financial investment.

Diagnosis is currently based upon brain imaging and measurement of serum GH and/or insulin-like growth factor-1 concentrations.

[MeSH-major] Acromegaly / veterinary. Cat Diseases / diagnosis. Growth Hormone / secretion. Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / analysis

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(PMID = 16141180.001).

[ISSN] 1547-3317

[Journal-full-title] Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association

[ISO-abbreviation] J Am Anim Hosp Assoc

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 67763-96-6 / Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; 9002-72-6 / Growth Hormone

[Number-of-references] 48

   

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[Title] Pituitary size fluctuation in long-term MR studies of PROP1 deficient patients: A persistent pathophysiological mechanism?

Inactivating PROP1 gene alterations are responsible for over 50% of familial combined pituitary hormone deficiency cases.

Pituitary enlargement followed by regression and subnormal pituitary size has been documented in a number of PROP1 deficient patients.

Nevertheless, long-term magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in two PROP1 deficient patients suggest the evolution of pituitary pathology as more complex and persistent than previously described.

Patient A had enlarged pituitary gland (pituitary height: 9-10 mm), demonstrated by serial MRI carried out from age 5 to 8.5 yr, small pituitary gland (4 mm) at age 10 yr and pituitary enlargement (11 mm) at age 19 yr.

Patient B had a pituitary gland of normal size at age 7 yr (5 mm), whereas at age 14.3 and 16.3 yr, an enlarged pituitary gland was disclosed (10 and 11 mm, respectively).

Both series of events are suggestive of a persistent pathophysiological mechanism in the pituitary gland of patients with PROP1 gene defects.

Therefore, long-term pituitary follow-up by MRI in such patients may be necessary even in the case of a small or normal pituitary gland.

It must be noted that current data from the Ames dwarf mouse cannot fully explain the observed pituitary size fluctuation.

[MeSH-major] Homeodomain Proteins / genetics. Pituitary Diseases / physiopathology. Pituitary Gland / pathology. Pituitary Hormones / deficiency

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(PMID = 16794371.001).

[ISSN] 0391-4097

[Journal-full-title] Journal of endocrinological investigation

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Endocrinol. Invest.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Italy

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Homeodomain Proteins; 0 / Pituitary Hormones; 0 / Prophet of Pit-1 protein

   

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[Title] [Proton irradiation of the pituitary gland for alleviating pain in patients with disseminated prostate cancer].

Central Research Institute of Roentgeno-Radiology; Medical Academy for Further Education, St. Petersburg Stereotactic ablation of the frontal lobe of the pituitary with narrow beams of 1,000 MeV protons was performed in 80 patients to alleviate pain caused by bone metastases.

[MeSH-major] Analgesics / administration & dosage. Bone Neoplasms / complications. Pain / radiotherapy. Pituitary Gland, Anterior / radiation effects. Prostatic Neoplasms / pathology. Protons / therapeutic use

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(PMID = 16715713.001).

[ISSN] 0507-3758

[Journal-full-title] Voprosy onkologii

[ISO-abbreviation] Vopr Onkol

[Language] rus

[Publication-type] English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Russia (Federation)

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Analgesics; 0 / Analgesics, Opioid; 0 / Protons

   

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Employing reverse-phase chromatography, we purified a peptide of relative molecular mass of 1182.60 Da from the cephalochordate amphioxus Branchiostoma lanceolatum.

Furthermore, the biological activity of amphioxus GnRH was investigated by examining its capability to elicit LH release from the rodent pituitary gland.

The seasonal variations of amphioxus GnRH also suggest an ancient role of this peptide in the control of reproduction in chordates, even before the evolution of a proper pituitary gland.

[MeSH-minor] Animals. Luteinizing Hormone / metabolism. Phylogeny. Pituitary Gland / metabolism. Rats. Rats, Wistar. Seasons

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(PMID = 18927217.001).

[ISSN] 1945-7170

[Journal-full-title] Endocrinology

[ISO-abbreviation] Endocrinology

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 33515-09-2 / Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; 9002-67-9 / Luteinizing Hormone

   

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[Title] Gonadotrophin-inhibitory hormone receptor expression in the chicken pituitary gland: potential influence of sexual maturation and ovarian steroids.

Gonadotrophin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH), a hypothalamic RFamide, has been found to inhibit gonadotrophin secretion from the anterior pituitary gland originally in birds and, subsequently, in mammalian species.

The gene encoding a transmembrane receptor for GnIH (GnIHR) was recently identified in the brain, pituitary gland and gonads of song bird, chicken and Japanese quail.

The objectives of the present study are to characterise the expression of GnIHR mRNA and protein in the chicken pituitary gland, and to determine whether sexual maturation and gonadal steroids influence pituitary GnIHR mRNA abundance.

GnIHR mRNA quantity was found to be significantly higher in diencephalon compared to either anterior pituitary gland or ovaries.

Oestradiol or a combination of oestradiol and progesterone treatment caused a significant decrease in pituitary GnIHR mRNA quantity relative to vehicle controls.

GnIHR-immunoreactive (ir) cells were identified in the chicken pituitary gland cephalic and caudal lobes.

GnIH treatment significantly decreased LH release from anterior pituitary gland slices collected from sexually immature, but not from sexually mature chickens.

[MeSH-major] Avian Proteins / genetics. Chickens / genetics. Gonadal Steroid Hormones / pharmacology. Pituitary Gland / metabolism. Receptors, Cell Surface / genetics. Sexual Maturation / physiology

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(PMID = 18638025.001).

[ISSN] 1365-2826

[Journal-full-title] Journal of neuroendocrinology

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Neuroendocrinol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Avian Proteins; 0 / Gonadal Steroid Hormones; 0 / RNA, Messenger; 0 / Receptors, Cell Surface; 4G7DS2Q64Y / Progesterone; 4TI98Z838E / Estradiol; 9002-67-9 / Luteinizing Hormone; 9002-68-0 / Follicle Stimulating Hormone

   

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[Title] [Tumors in the region of the sella turcica].

Tumors of the pituitary gland can lead to limitation of hypophysis function (hypophysis insufficiency) or hypersecretion of different hormones (acromegaly, Cushing's syndrome, prolactinoma, TSH-secreting adenoma).

The optic chiasma lies in close proximity to the pituitary gland and can be compressed by tumors leading to visual disturbances (bilateral hemianopsia).

Tumors can be separated into hormone secreting and hormone inactive tumors, as well as into microadenoma with a diameter <10 mm and macroadenomas >10 mm.

A rare group of tumors of the hypophysis region are craniopharyngiomas, meningiomas, germinomas, gliomas, metastases and granulomotous inflammations, such as sarcoidosis and tuberculosis.

[MeSH-major] Magnetic Resonance Imaging / methods. Pituitary Neoplasms / diagnosis. Sella Turcica / diagnostic imaging. Sella Turcica / pathology. Skull Neoplasms / diagnosis. Tomography, X-Ray Computed / methods

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(PMID = 19568729.001).

[ISSN] 1432-2102

[Journal-full-title] Der Radiologe

[ISO-abbreviation] Radiologe

[Language] ger

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] Germany

[Number-of-references] 17

   

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Researchers have proposed mechanisms responsible for caffeine's interactions, which include its blocking capacity of adenosine receptors, its role with the pituitary gland, increasing levels of dopamine, and its role with the intracellular release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, which is dependent on intracellular adenosine triphosphate levels.

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(PMID = 19223125.001).

[ISSN] 1532-2777

[Journal-full-title] Medical hypotheses

[ISO-abbreviation] Med. Hypotheses

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] Scotland

[Chemical-registry-number] 3G6A5W338E / Caffeine; 681HV46001 / Ribose

   

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Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography scan showed a normal-sized pituitary gland entirely embedded in a dense, oedematous, contrast-enhancing mass, and a total destruction of the nasal septum with the absence of conchae and severely impaired sinus walls.

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(PMID = 19114541.001).

[ISSN] 1479-683X

[Journal-full-title] European journal of endocrinology

[ISO-abbreviation] Eur. J. Endocrinol.

[Language] ENG

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; 0 / Vasoconstrictor Agents; EC 3.4.21.37 / Leukocyte Elastase; I5Y540LHVR / Cocaine

   

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[Title] Corticotroph tumor progression after adrenalectomy in Cushing's Disease: A reappraisal of Nelson's Syndrome.

However, it may lead to Nelson's syndrome, originally defined by the association of a pituitary macroadenoma and high plasma ACTH concentrations, a much feared complication.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to reconsider Nelson's syndrome by investigating corticotroph tumor progression based on pituitary magnetic resonance imaging scan and search for predictive factors.

PATIENTS: Patients included 53 Cushing's disease patients treated by adrenalectomy between 1991 and 2002, without previous pituitary irradiation.

MEASUREMENTS: Clinical data, pituitary magnetic resonance imaging data, and plasma ACTH concentrations for all patients and pituitary gland pathology data for 25 patients were recorded.

Corticotroph tumor progression-free survival was studied by Kaplan-Meier, and the influence of recorded parameters was studied by Cox regression.

RESULTS: Corticotroph tumor progression ultimately occurred in half the patients, generally within 3 yr after adrenalectomy.

A shorter duration of Cushing's disease (adjusted hazard ratio: 0.884/yr), and a high plasma ACTH concentration in the year after adrenalectomy [adjusted hazard ratio per 100 pg/ml (22 pmol/liter): 1.069] were predictive of corticotroph tumor progression.

In one case, corticotroph tumor progression was complicated by transitory oculomotor nerve palsy.

During follow-up, corticotroph tumor progression was associated with the increase of corresponding ACTH concentrations (odds ratio per 100 pg/ml of ACTH variation: 1.055).

CONCLUSION: After adrenalectomy in Cushing's disease, one should no longer wait for the occurrence of Nelson's syndrome: modern imaging allows early detection and management of corticotroph tumor progression.

[MeSH-major] Adrenalectomy / adverse effects. Nelson Syndrome / etiology. Pituitary ACTH Hypersecretion / surgery

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(PMID = 17062771.001).

[ISSN] 0021-972X

[Journal-full-title] The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 9002-60-2 / Adrenocorticotropic Hormone

   

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In our earlier study in adult male rats, we reported that fluphenazine at a dose of 3 mg/kg/day suppressed serum FSH but not testosterone (T) through increasing dopamine (DA) metabolism in the pituitary gland, within 60 days.

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(PMID = 15816370.001).

[ISSN] 0391-4097

[Journal-full-title] Journal of endocrinological investigation

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Endocrinol. Invest.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Italy

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antipsychotic Agents; 0 / Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone; 0 / DNA-Binding Proteins; 0 / Protamines; 0 / Sulfhydryl Compounds; 0 / Transcription Factors; 0 / spermatid transition proteins; 135844-64-3 / Cyclic AMP Response Element Modulator; E0399OZS9N / Cyclic AMP; S79426A41Z / Fluphenazine

   

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[Title] A possible new syndrome with growth-hormone secreting pituitary adenoma, colonic polyposis, lipomatosis, lentigines and renal carcinoma in association with familial testicular germ cell malignancy: A case report.

BACKGROUND: Germ-cell testicular cancer has not been definitively linked to any known hereditary cancer susceptibility disorder.

His evaluation as part of an etiologic study of familial testicular cancer revealed multiple colon polyps (adenomatous, hyperplastic, and hamartomatous) first found in his 50 s, multiple lipomas, multiple hyperpigmented skin lesions, left kidney cancer diagnosed at age 64, and a growth-hormone producing pituitary adenoma with associated acromegaly diagnosed at age 64.

The patient underwent genetic testing for Cowden syndrome (PTEN gene), Carney complex (PRKAR1A gene), and multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 1 (MEN1 gene); no deleterious mutations were identified.

DISCUSSION: The constellation of benign and malignant neoplasms in the context of this patient's familial testicular cancer raised the possibility that these might be manifestations of a known hereditary susceptibility cancer syndrome; however, genetic testing for the three syndromes that were most likely to explain these findings did not show any mutation.

Alternatively, this family's phenotype might represent a novel neoplasm susceptibility disorder.

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(PMID = 17411461.001).

[Journal-full-title] Journal of medical case reports

[ISO-abbreviation] J Med Case Rep

[Language] ENG

[Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CP / N02CP11019

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] England

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC1847830

   

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[Title] Anterior pituitary progenitor cells express costimulatory molecule 4Ig-B7-H3.

Stem/Progenitor cells in the postnatal pituitary gland are embedded in a marginal cell layer around Rathke's pouch.

However, the nature and behavior of anterior pituitary progenitor cells remain unclear.

We established bovine anterior pituitary progenitor cell line (BAPC)-1 from the anterior pituitary gland, which expressed stem/progenitor cell-related genes and several inflammatory cytokines.

To characterize and localize these pituitary progenitor cells, we produced a mAb (12B mAb) against BAPC-1.

The 12B-immunoreactive cells in the bovine anterior pituitary gland were localized around Rathke's pouch and expressed IL-18 and MHC class II.

In addition, the 12B-immunoreactive cells were observed around the pars tuberalis closely bordering the median eminence and in the blood vessels of the primary portal plexus in the anterior pituitary gland.

[MeSH-major] Antigens, CD / genetics. Pituitary Gland, Anterior / immunology. Pituitary Gland, Anterior / metabolism. Receptors, Immunologic / genetics. Stem Cells / immunology. Stem Cells / metabolism

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(PMID = 18941196.001).

[ISSN] 1550-6606

[Journal-full-title] Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Immunol.

[Language] eng

[Databank-accession-numbers] GENBANK/ AB271019; RefSeq/ NP/ 001019907

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antigens, CD; 0 / B7 Antigens; 0 / CD276 protein, human; 0 / RNA, Messenger; 0 / Receptors, Immunologic

   

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Human EPHA7 mRNA was expressed in embryonic stem (ES) cells, neural tissues, duodenal cancer and parathyroid tumors, while mouse Epha7 mRNA was expressed in fertilized egg, Rathke's pouche, visual cortex, pituitary gland, other neural tissues, pancreas, lung tumors and mammary tumors.

Deletion and/or promoter CpG hypermethylation could explain the EPHA7 down-regulation in human tumors.

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(PMID = 16596241.001).

[ISSN] 1019-6439

[Journal-full-title] International journal of oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] Int. J. Oncol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] Greece

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Ligands; EC 2.7.10.1 / Receptors, Eph Family

   

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[Title] Presumed pituitary abscess without infectious source treated successfully with antibiotics alone.

A presumptive diagnosis of pituitary abscess was made on the basis of suggestive magnetic resonance imaging findings.

These consisted of a large non-enhancing area within the pituitary gland and thin irregular glandular rim enhancement.

This case highlights the need for a high index of suspicion for pituitary abscess based on unusual imaging findings even when there is no source of infection.

[MeSH-major] Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use. Brain Abscess / drug therapy. Pituitary Diseases / drug therapy

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(PMID = 16148624.001).

[ISSN] 1070-8022

[Journal-full-title] Journal of neuro-ophthalmology : the official journal of the North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society

[ISO-abbreviation] J Neuroophthalmol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Anti-Bacterial Agents; 280111G160 / Cefadroxil; 66974FR9Q1 / Chloramphenicol; 84319SGC3C / Amikacin; IHS69L0Y4T / Cefazolin

   

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The VGF gene is expressed abundantly in the brain, and in peripheral endocrine tissues including the pituitary gland, the adrenal glands and the pancreas but also in the gastrointestinal tract in both the myenteric plexus and in endocrine cells.

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[Copyright] (c) 2008 S. Karger AG, Basel.

(PMID = 18408361.001).

[ISSN] 1423-0194

[Journal-full-title] Neuroendocrinology

[ISO-abbreviation] Neuroendocrinology

[Language] eng

[Grant] United Kingdom / Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council / / BB/D525064/1; United Kingdom / Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council / / S17106; United Kingdom / Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council / / BBS/B/10765

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review

[Publication-country] Switzerland

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Neuropeptides; 0 / VGF peptide; 0 / Vgf protein, mouse

[Number-of-references] 41

   

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A diagnosis of diabetes insipidus was confirmed and the MRI showed a pituitary stalk enlargement.

The MRI showed an intrasellar mass with an enlargement of the pituitary gland.

The differential diagnosis will be reviewed.

[MeSH-major] Diabetes Insipidus / etiology. Germinoma / complications. Pituitary Neoplasms / complications

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Anti-Inflammatory Agents / therapeutic use. Antidiuretic Agents / therapeutic use. Chemotherapy, Adjuvant. Deamino Arginine Vasopressin / therapeutic use. Diagnosis, Differential. Drug Therapy, Combination. Female. Humans. Hydrocortisone / therapeutic use. Hypopituitarism / etiology. Polyuria / etiology. Radiotherapy, Adjuvant. Thyroxine / therapeutic use. Treatment Outcome

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(PMID = 19777917.001).

[ISSN] 0370-629X

[Journal-full-title] Revue médicale de Liège

[ISO-abbreviation] Rev Med Liege

[Language] fre

[Publication-type] Case Reports; English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Belgium

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Anti-Inflammatory Agents; 0 / Antidiuretic Agents; ENR1LLB0FP / Deamino Arginine Vasopressin; Q51BO43MG4 / Thyroxine; WI4X0X7BPJ / Hydrocortisone

   

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[Title] Functional importance of blood flow dynamics and partial oxygen pressure in the anterior pituitary.

With a particular focus on the pituitary gland as a model system, we review here the importance of the interplay between blood flow regulation and oxygen tensions in the functioning of endocrine systems, and the known regulatory signals involved in the modification of flow patterns under both normal physiological and pathological conditions.

[MeSH-major] Oxygen / blood. Pituitary Gland, Anterior / blood supply. Regional Blood Flow / physiology

[MeSH-minor] Animals. Endocrine System / blood supply. Endocrine System / metabolism. Humans. Oxygen Consumption. Partial Pressure. Pituitary Hormones, Anterior / secretion

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[Copyright] © 2010 The Authors. European Journal of Neuroscience © 2010 Federation of European Neuroscience Societies and Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

(PMID = 21143663.001).

[ISSN] 1460-9568

[Journal-full-title] The European journal of neuroscience

[ISO-abbreviation] Eur. J. Neurosci.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review

[Publication-country] France

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Pituitary Hormones, Anterior; S88TT14065 / Oxygen

   

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[Title] [Nonfunctioning suprasellar ectopic pituitary adenoma. A case report].

A case of nonfunctioning suprasellar ectopic pituitary adenoma in a 49-year-old man is reported.

MR imagings revealed an enhancing suprasellar tumor and a normal pituitary gland in the sella turcica.

The patient underwent a craniotomy and the tumor was partially removed, although it was firmly attached to the pituitary stalk.

The tumor was diagnosed histologically as a nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma.

Cases of nonfunctioning suprasellar ectopic pituitary adenoma have rarely been reported.

The pathophysiology of such tumors is discussed.

[MeSH-major] Adenoma / diagnosis. Choristoma / diagnosis. Pituitary Neoplasms / diagnosis. Sella Turcica. Skull Neoplasms / diagnosis

[MeSH-minor] Craniotomy. Humans. Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Male. Middle Aged. Pituitary Gland

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(PMID = 19086443.001).

[ISSN] 0301-2603

[Journal-full-title] No shinkei geka. Neurological surgery

[ISO-abbreviation] No Shinkei Geka

[Language] jpn

[Publication-type] Case Reports; English Abstract; Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] Japan

[Number-of-references] 22

   

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[Title] Rethinking the stalk effect: a new hypothesis explaining suprasellar tumor-induced hyperprolactinemia.

The pars tuberalis is a distinct subdivision of the pituitary gland but its function remains poorly understood.

Suprasellar tumors in this pars tuberalis region are frequently accompanied by hyperprolactinemia.

As these tumors do not immunoreact for any of the established pituitary hormones, they are classified as nonsecretory.

It has been postulated that these suprasellar tumors induce hyperprolactinemia by compressing the pituitary stalk, resulting in impaired dopamine delivery to the pituitary and, consequently, disinhibition of the lactotropes.

An alternative hypothesis proposed is that suprasellar tumors secrete a specific pars tuberalis factor that stimulates prolactin secretion.

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(PMID = 19028420.001).

[ISSN] 0306-9877

[Journal-full-title] Medical hypotheses

[ISO-abbreviation] Med. Hypotheses

[Language] ENG

[Grant] United States / NCRR NIH HHS / RR / P20 RR015640; United States / NCRR NIH HHS / RR / RR015640-076871; United States / NCRR NIH HHS / RR / RR015640-086599; United States / NCRR NIH HHS / RR / P20 RR015640-086599; United States / NCRR NIH HHS / RR / P20 RR015640-076871; United States / NCRR NIH HHS / RR / P20RR015640

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

[Publication-country] United States

[Other-IDs] NLM/ NIHMS98103; NLM/ PMC2668659

   

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Findings on magnetic resonance imaging of the pituitary gland and abdomen were within normal limits.

[MeSH-major] Adrenal Cortex Diseases / diagnosis. Cushing Syndrome / complications. Cushing Syndrome / pathology

[MeSH-minor] Adrenocorticotropic Hormone / metabolism. Child, Preschool. Humans. Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Male. Pituitary Gland / pathology

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(PMID = 18996791.001).

[ISSN] 1934-2403

[Journal-full-title] Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists

[ISO-abbreviation] Endocr Pract

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 9002-60-2 / Adrenocorticotropic Hormone

   

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[Title] Signaling and epigenetic regulation of pituitary development.

The developing pituitary gland provides an instructive model system for elucidating the molecular mechanisms by which distinct cell types arise from a common progenitor lineage accompanied by changes in the chromatin status in response to multiple extrinsic and intrinsic signals.

Investigation of the in vivo function of the histone modifying enzyme LSD1 has revealed a new layer of regulatory mechanism in pituitary organogenesis.

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(PMID = 17988851.001).

[ISSN] 0955-0674

[Journal-full-title] Current opinion in cell biology

[ISO-abbreviation] Curr. Opin. Cell Biol.

[Language] ENG

[Grant] United States / NIDDK NIH HHS / DK / DK018477-34; United States / NIDDK NIH HHS / DK / R01 DK018477; United States / NIDDK NIH HHS / DK / R01 DK018477-34

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] England

[Number-of-references] 61

[Other-IDs] NLM/ NIHMS36359; NLM/ PMC2796608

   

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[Title] Centenary of the first trans-sphenoidal surgery of the hypophysis (Hermann Schloffer 1907) and its echoes within Croatian neurosurgical practice.

In this paper we aim to reminisce the role of the Austrian surgeon Hermann Schloffer (1868-1937) as the pioneer of a trans-sphenoidal approach to the pituitary gland.

On the 16th of March 1907 he operated a patient with pituitary tumor and published his report in the Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift on 23rd May 1907.

Schloffer's method was spread and modified worldwide, Croatia included, a country in which the interest in trans-sphenoidal approach to pituitary tumors has not diminished or been lost, but slowly modified.

Today, almost a whole century after its introduction, it is still used to operate about 95% of sellar region tumors.

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(PMID = 18204963.001).

[ISSN] 0043-5341

[Journal-full-title] Wiener medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)

[ISO-abbreviation] Wien Med Wochenschr

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Biography; Historical Article; Journal Article; Portraits

[Publication-country] Austria

[Personal-name-as-subject] Schloffer H

   

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[Title] Craniofacial defects of blastogenesis: duplication of pituitary with cleft palate and orophgaryngeal tumors.

To further elucidate the phenotypes associated with organ duplications, we present three infants with duplication of the pituitary gland (DPG).

A review of previously reported cases with DPG showed that the commonest additional findings were hypothalamic enlargement, a broad or duplicated sella, cleft palate, hypertelorism, oropharyngeal tumors, agenesis or hypoplasia of the corpus callosum, and abnormalities of vertebrae.

[MeSH-major] Abnormalities, Multiple / pathology. Cleft Palate / pathology. Craniofacial Abnormalities / pathology. Oropharyngeal Neoplasms / pathology. Pituitary Gland / abnormalities

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[Copyright] (c) 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

(PMID = 15810008.001).

[ISSN] 1552-4825

[Journal-full-title] American journal of medical genetics. Part A

[ISO-abbreviation] Am. J. Med. Genet. A

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] United States

[Number-of-references] 34

   

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[Title] Prostate adenocarcinoma metastasis in the pituitary gland.

[MeSH-major] Adenocarcinoma / secondary. Pituitary Neoplasms / secondary. Prostatic Neoplasms / diagnosis

[MeSH-minor] Abducens Nerve Diseases / etiology. Diagnosis, Differential. Diplopia / etiology. Endoscopy. Humans. Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Male. Middle Aged. Pituitary Gland / pathology

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(PMID = 19667229.001).

[ISSN] 1538-3687

[Journal-full-title] Archives of neurology

[ISO-abbreviation] Arch. Neurol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States