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[Title] [Musculoskeletal tumor evaluation with 99mTc-Tetrofosmin].

[Transliterated title] 99mTc-Tetrofosmin en la evaluación de tumores musculoesqueléticos.

INTRODUCTION: (99m)Tc-tetrofosmin is an efficient agent as a tumor marker.

Several studies have proven its efficiency in detection and localization of tumors of the breast, larynx, thyroid, parathyroid glands, lung, brain, skin, lymphatic and musculoskeletal tissues with a sensitivity and specificity of 95% to 100%.

Nevertheless, benign pathology such as active inflammation is a source of false positives and the attending physician must consider the aid of complementary studies such as histopathology.

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Child. Child, Preschool. Cross-Sectional Studies. Female. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Predictive Value of Tests. Prospective Studies. Sensitivity and Specificity. Young Adult

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(PMID = 19280840.001).

[ISSN] 2306-4102

[Journal-full-title] Acta ortopédica mexicana

[ISO-abbreviation] Acta Ortop Mex

[Language] spa

[Publication-type] Clinical Trial; Comparative Study; English Abstract; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Mexico

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Organophosphorus Compounds; 0 / Organotechnetium Compounds; 0 / Radiopharmaceuticals; 0 / technetium Tc 99m 1,2-bis(bis(2-ethoxyethyl)phosphino)ethane

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] PTEN hamartoma tumor syndromes.

The PTEN hamartoma tumor syndromes (PHTS) are a collection of rare clinical syndromes characterized by germline mutations of the tumor suppressor PTEN.

These syndromes are driven by cellular overgrowth, leading to benign hamartomas in virtually any organ.

Cowden syndrome (CS), the prototypic PHTS syndrome, is associated with increased susceptibility to breast, thyroid, and endometrial cancer.

[MeSH-minor] Cell Movement. Cell Proliferation. Cell Survival. Chromosomes, Human, Pair 10 / genetics. Chromosomes, Human, Pair 10 / metabolism. Female. Humans. Male. Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / genetics. Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / metabolism. Protein Kinases / genetics. Protein Kinases / metabolism. Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / genetics. Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / metabolism. Signal Transduction. TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases

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SciCrunch. OMIM: Data: Gene Annotation .

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(PMID = 18781191.001).

[ISSN] 1018-4813

[Journal-full-title] European journal of human genetics : EJHG

[ISO-abbreviation] Eur. J. Hum. Genet.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antineoplastic Agents; EC 2.7.- / Protein Kinases; EC 2.7.1.- / Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; EC 2.7.1.1 / MTOR protein, human; EC 2.7.1.1 / TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases; EC 2.7.11.1 / Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; EC 3.1.3.48 / PTEN protein, human; EC 3.1.3.67 / PTEN Phosphohydrolase

[Number-of-references] 77

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Benign breast lesions in Eastern Nigeria.

OBJECTIVE: To characterize benign breast diseases in Eastern Nigeria and to highlight the age variations of these lesions as base line data.

Seven hundred and twenty-two benign breast specimens were analyzed over 5 years from 1st January 2000 to 31st December 2004, out of 1050 breast samples received.

RESULTS: Of 1050 breast specimens received, 722 (68.8%) were benign.

Normal breast in the axillary tail region was seen in 32 cases (4.4%), represented as no pathology, with a mean presentation age of 20-46 years.

Low grade Phyllodes tumor had 28 cases (3.9%), presenting at an average mean age of 17-32 years.

Benign breast lesions peaked at the 20-24 age range and then declined.

CONCLUSION: Benign breast lesions occur more frequently than malignant breast lesions with a ratio of 2.3:1 and were presented 20 years earlier than their malignant counterparts.

Fibroadenoma was the most common benign lesion followed by fibrocystic disease, similar to the findings in Western Nigeria.

In Northern Nigeria, fibrocystic breast disease was more common.

[MeSH-major] Breast Diseases / epidemiology. Breast Neoplasms / epidemiology. Fibroadenoma / epidemiology

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Age Factors. Aged. Child. Female. Fibrocystic Breast Disease / epidemiology. Gynecomastia / epidemiology. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Nigeria / epidemiology. Phyllodes Tumor / epidemiology. Sex Factors

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(PMID = 18246234.001).

[ISSN] 0379-5284

[Journal-full-title] Saudi medical journal

[ISO-abbreviation] Saudi Med J

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Evaluation Studies; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Saudi Arabia

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Benign spindle cell tumor not otherwise specified (NOS) in a male breast.

Breast spindle cell tumors (BSCTs), although uncommon, constitute a heterogeneous group of benign and malignant lesions, often necessitating different therapeutic approaches.

This study describes the case of a 62-year-old man who displayed a gradually growing retroareolar tumor of the left breast.

Diverse histological results and immunohistochemical features established the diagnosis of benign BSCT, not otherwise specified.

This case report adds to the spectrum of the benign BSCTs and delineates the nature of different types of these lesions, in order to carefully select optimal therapeutic regimes.

[MeSH-major] Breast Neoplasms, Male / pathology. Solitary Fibrous Tumors / pathology

[MeSH-minor] Biomarkers, Tumor / analysis. Humans. Immunohistochemistry. Male. Middle Aged

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(PMID = 19064588.001).

[ISSN] 1940-2465

[Journal-full-title] International journal of surgical pathology

[ISO-abbreviation] Int. J. Surg. Pathol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] [Epidemiology and morphology of breast benign tumors in Mali: about 186 cases].

[Transliterated title] Epidemiologie et morphologie des tumeurs benignes du sein au Mali: a propos de 186 cas.

Benign tumors are more frequent, and are characterized by a possibility of recurrence or malignant transformation.

The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological and morphological characteristics of breast benign tumors.

The study had concerned all benign tumors confirmed by histology.

FINDINGS: In total, 186 benign tumors were diagnosed over 611 mammary pathologies (30.44%).

The main complaint was feeling a nodule in the breast (91.9%).

The most affected breast was the right side (50.8%).

Tumor sizes were variable, and the color changed through white to yellow.

Histological aspects were: fibroadenoma (72%), lipoma (8.6%), tubular adenoma (5.9%), papilloma (5.4%), lactating adenoma (3.8%), phyllodes tumor (3.8%), and syringomatous tumor (0.5%).

CONCLUSION: Benign tumors are frequent in mammary pathology.

[MeSH-major] Breast Neoplasms / epidemiology. Breast Neoplasms / pathology

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Child. Female. Humans. Male. Mali / epidemiology. Middle Aged. Retrospective Studies. Young Adult

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(PMID = 19617151.001).

[ISSN] 1993-0836

[Journal-full-title] Le Mali médical

[ISO-abbreviation] Mali Med

[Language] fre

[Publication-type] English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Mali

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] A large benign vascular neoplasm of the male breast. A case report and review of the literature.

Breast hemangiomas are extremely rare neoplasms in the male population.

We report a case of a 77-year old man with a breast hemangioma which was detected in physical examination as a small nodule ten years after a chest injury.

The final histological diagnosis was hemangioma of the breast, 6 cm in the largest diameter.

To our knowledge, this is the largest benign vascular breast neoplasm in a male patient reported up to date.

The rarity of the lesion and its differential diagnosis from angiosarcoma are discussed while the problems encountered in the correct diagnosis and classification of this tumor are also presented.

The need for extreme caution in the interpretation of the histological characteristics of all palpable vascular tumors of the breast is emphasized.

[MeSH-major] Breast Neoplasms, Male / diagnosis. Hemangioma / diagnosis

[MeSH-minor] Aged. Humans. Male. Mastectomy, Segmental

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[CommentIn] Eur J Gynaecol Oncol. 2005;26(6):667; author reply 667-8 [16398236.001]

(PMID = 16122203.001).

[ISSN] 0392-2936

[Journal-full-title] European journal of gynaecological oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] Eur. J. Gynaecol. Oncol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] Italy

[Number-of-references] 10

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Expression analysis and study of KLK4 in benign and malignant breast tumours.

The purpose of this study was the expression analysis and study of KLK4 in benign and malignant breast tumours.

Total RNA was isolated from 16 benign and 45 malignant breast tissue specimens.

Relative quantification analysis was performed using the comparative C(T) method 2(-DeltaDeltaC)(T) KLK4 expression was found to vary in both patients' cohorts; however, a statistically significant elevation of the KLK4 mRNA levels was observed in malignant compared to benign tumour patients.

ROC and logistic regression analysis recommended that KLK4 gene expression may be used as a new potential biomarker in breast cancer.

[MeSH-major] Biomarkers, Tumor / genetics. Breast Neoplasms / genetics. Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / genetics. Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic. Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic. Kallikreins / genetics

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Cell Differentiation. Cell Line, Tumor. Female. Humans. Logistic Models. Male. Middle Aged. Neoplasm Staging. Odds Ratio. Prognosis. RNA, Messenger / analysis. ROC Curve. Receptors, Progesterone / analysis. Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction. Up-Regulation. Young Adult

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(PMID = 19190825.001).

[ISSN] 0340-6245

[Journal-full-title] Thrombosis and haemostasis

[ISO-abbreviation] Thromb. Haemost.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Germany

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / RNA, Messenger; 0 / Receptors, Progesterone; EC 3.4.21.- / Kallikreins; EC 3.4.21.- / kallikrein 4

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] [Desmoid tumor in a male breast in the context of Gardner's syndrome. Case report].

[Transliterated title] Tumeur desmoïde du sein chez l'homme dans le cadre d'un syndrome de Gardner. A propos d'un cas.

Fibromatosis (Desmoid tumor) of the male breast is an exceptional location.

We present a case of such a tumor, in the context of Gardner's syndrome.

A palpable mass was discovered in the right breast of a 52 years old man, with a history of rectocolic adenomatous polyposis.

Mammography ant thoracic CT scan showed a stellar tumor, mimicking a breast cancer.

Treatment consisted of wide excision and histology revealed a desmoid tumor.

Desmoid tumors of the breast are benign lesions; they should be widely excised because of a high risk of recurrence.

Coloscopy is indicated in the presence of mammary fibromatosis, to look for associated multiple polyps, confirming the diagnosis of Gardner's syndrome.

[MeSH-major] Breast Neoplasms, Male / pathology. Breast Neoplasms, Male / surgery. Fibromatosis, Aggressive / pathology. Fibromatosis, Aggressive / surgery. Gardner Syndrome / complications

[MeSH-minor] Colonoscopy. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Risk Factors. Tomography, X-Ray Computed

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(PMID = 15664376.001).

[ISSN] 0003-3944

[Journal-full-title] Annales de chirurgie

[ISO-abbreviation] Ann Chir

[Language] fre

[Publication-type] Case Reports; English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] France

   

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[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Salivary gland-type tumors of the breast: a spectrum of benign and malignant tumors including "triple negative carcinomas" of low malignant potential.

Salivary gland-type neoplasms of the breast are uncommon and comprise numerous entities analogous to that more commonly seen in salivary glands.

The clinicopathologic spectrum ranges from benign to malignant but there are important differences as compared with those of their salivary counterpart.

In the breast, benign adenomyoepithelioma is recognized in addition to malignant one, whereas in the salivary gland a histologically similar tumor is designated as epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma without a separate benign subgroup.

Mammary adenoid cystic carcinoma is a low-grade neoplasm compared with its salivary equivalent.

It is also important to appreciate that in contrast to "triple negative" conventional breast carcinomas with aggressive course, most salivary-type malignant breast neoplasms behave in a low-grade manner.

[MeSH-major] Adenocarcinoma / pathology. Biomarkers, Tumor / metabolism. Breast Neoplasms / pathology. Neoplasms, Complex and Mixed / pathology. Salivary Gland Neoplasms / pathology

[MeSH-minor] Adenoma, Pleomorphic / metabolism. Adenoma, Pleomorphic / pathology. Adenomyoepithelioma / metabolism. Adenomyoepithelioma / pathology. Breast Neoplasms, Male / metabolism. Breast Neoplasms, Male / pathology. Carcinoma, Acinar Cell / metabolism. Carcinoma, Acinar Cell / pathology. Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic / metabolism. Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic / pathology. Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid / metabolism. Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid / pathology. Female. Humans. Male. Receptor, ErbB-2 / metabolism. Receptors, Estrogen / metabolism. Receptors, Progesterone / metabolism

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(PMID = 20306833.001).

[ISSN] 0740-2570

[Journal-full-title] Seminars in diagnostic pathology

[ISO-abbreviation] Semin Diagn Pathol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / Receptors, Estrogen; 0 / Receptors, Progesterone; EC 2.7.10.1 / ERBB2 protein, human; EC 2.7.10.1 / Receptor, ErbB-2

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Granular cell tumour of the male breast.

Granular cell tumour (GCT) is a rare neoplasm that can be found in multiple sites throughout the body.

Occasionally GCT is located in the breast.

In general, it appears as a singular benign lesion, although it can be multi-focal and rare cases with malignant behaviour have been reported.

We report a rare case of granular cell tumour of the nipple in the male breast, treated by wide local excision.

[MeSH-major] Breast Neoplasms, Male / surgery. Granular Cell Tumor / surgery

[MeSH-minor] Aged. Humans. Immunohistochemistry. Male. Nipples

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(PMID = 18411585.001).

[ISSN] 0001-5458

[Journal-full-title] Acta chirurgica Belgica

[ISO-abbreviation] Acta Chir. Belg.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] Belgium

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Endoscopic thyroidectomy via a unilateral axillo-breast approach without gas insufflation for unilateral benign thyroid lesions.

Recently, the authors developed a unilateral axillo-breast approach for endoscopic hemithyroidectomy to minimize the visible scar in a natural position and to overcome the limitation of instrumentation.

METHODS: This study enrolled 52 consecutive patients undergoing endoscopic hemithyroidectomy via a unilateral axillo-breast approach without gas insufflation.

A second 1.0-cm skin incision was made along the upper margin of the mammary areola on the tumor side for insertion of a 12-mm trocar.

RESULTS: Postoperative pathology showed 11 follicular adenomas, 1 follicular carcinoma, and 40 benign thyroid lesions.

CONCLUSION: Although the aspect of invasiveness could be improved, endoscopic hemithyroidectomy via a unilateral axillo-breast approach without gas insufflation is safe and effective and appears to provide better cosmetic results and a shorter operation time than other endoscopic methods for managing selective unilateral benign thyroid lesions.

[MeSH-minor] Adenocarcinoma, Follicular / surgery. Adolescent. Adult. Axilla. Breast. Drainage. Feasibility Studies. Female. Hematoma / etiology. Humans. Length of Stay. Male. Middle Aged. Postoperative Complications / etiology. Seroma / etiology. Vocal Cord Paralysis / etiology. Young Adult

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(PMID = 18528625.001).

[ISSN] 1432-2218

[Journal-full-title] Surgical endoscopy

[ISO-abbreviation] Surg Endosc

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Clinical Trial; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Germany

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Solitary fibrous tumor of the breast and mammary myofibroblastoma: the same lesion?

Benign stromal tumors of the breast are rare mesenchymal neoplasms that have significant clinical and morphologic overlap.

We report the case of a spindle cell tumor occurring in the mammary gland with mixed features of solitary fibrous tumor and mammary myofibroblastoma.

[MeSH-major] Breast Neoplasms, Male / pathology. Neoplasms, Muscle Tissue / pathology. Solitary Fibrous Tumors / pathology

[MeSH-minor] Aged. Humans. Male

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(PMID = 18384484.001).

[ISSN] 1524-4741

[Journal-full-title] The breast journal

[ISO-abbreviation] Breast J

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] United States

[Number-of-references] 26

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Malignant lesions initially categorized as probably benign breast lesions: retrospective review of ultrasonographic, clinical and pathologic characteristics.

The primary objective of this study was to review the ultrasonographic features of BI-RADS category 3 ("probably benign") lesions that eventually proved to be malignant.

Thirty-two (0.8%) of 4000 women with lesions that were initially classified as "probably benign" proved to be malignant and formed the study group.

There was no statistical difference in the mean age, mean size of lesions, or tumor stage between patients who underwent early biopsy (n = 19) or biopsy after 6 months (n = 13).

[MeSH-major] Biopsy / statistics & numerical data. Breast Neoplasms / diagnosis. Breast Neoplasms / epidemiology. Ultrasonography, Mammary / statistics & numerical data

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Female. Humans. Korea / epidemiology. Male. Middle Aged. Prevalence. Reproducibility of Results. Retrospective Studies. Risk Assessment. Risk Factors. Sensitivity and Specificity

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[Copyright] Copyright 2010 World Federation for Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

(PMID = 20350681.001).

[ISSN] 1879-291X

[Journal-full-title] Ultrasound in medicine & biology

[ISO-abbreviation] Ultrasound Med Biol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Evaluation Studies; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] England

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Metastatic vertebral tumor misdiagnosed in magnetic resonance imaging as benign degenerative bone marrow changes: a case report.

We report a man with low back and right groin pain as a result of metastatic breast carcinoma which was misdiagnosed in magnetic resonance imaging as benign degenerative changes.

[MeSH-major] Adenocarcinoma / secondary. Bone Marrow / pathology. Bone Neoplasms / secondary. Breast Neoplasms, Male / pathology. Diagnostic Errors. Lumbar Vertebrae / pathology. Magnetic Resonance Imaging

[MeSH-minor] Humans. Low Back Pain / etiology. Male. Middle Aged. Radionuclide Imaging

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(PMID = 15449024.001).

[ISSN] 0172-8172

[Journal-full-title] Rheumatology international

[ISO-abbreviation] Rheumatol. Int.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Germany

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Differential expression of TRAIL and its receptors in benign and malignant prostate tissues.

PURPOSE: Because TRAIL (tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis inducing ligand) selectively kills cancer cells without damaging normal cells, a gene therapy approach using TRAIL is feasible for treating patients with cancer.

Our recent studies suggest that TRAIL receptor composition is the major modulator of TRAIL sensitivity, as demonstrated using prostate, breast and lung cancer cells.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Paraffin embedded prostate tissues of 44 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia, 28 with organ confined prostate carcinoma and 26 with advanced prostate carcinoma were analyzed using immunohistochemical staining procedures.

RESULTS: Significant levels of TRAIL-R4 decoy receptor expression were detected in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia, and organ confined and advanced prostate carcinoma.

All TRAIL markers tested appear to be valuable markers for separating patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia from patients with organ confined prostate carcinoma or advanced prostate carcinoma.

[MeSH-minor] Humans. Immunohistochemistry. Male

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(PMID = 17162091.001).

[ISSN] 0022-5347

[Journal-full-title] The Journal of urology

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Urol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; 0 / TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Clinical and pathological correlations in male breast cancer: intratumoral aromatase expression via tissue microarray.

BACKGROUND: Male breast cancer (MBC) commonly expresses hormone receptors and there is anecdotal evidence of disease responsivity to aromatase inhibitors in the metastatic setting.

Specimens were reviewed for standard pathologic characteristics and tumor blocks were incorporated into three TMA's (four 1 mm cores per tumor).

ITA staining intensity was compared to control, benign hepatic tissue and if greater than or equal to liver was scored positive and if less than liver was scored negative.

Median tumor size was 2.6 cm (0.3-8.0 cm) and 22(41%) had nodal metastases.

[MeSH-major] Aromatase / metabolism. Breast Neoplasms, Male / enzymology

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Disease Progression. Humans. Immunoenzyme Techniques. Lymphatic Metastasis / pathology. Male. Middle Aged. Neoplasm Invasiveness. Prognosis. Receptors, Estrogen / metabolism. Receptors, Progesterone / metabolism. Retrospective Studies. Survival Rate. Tissue Array Analysis

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(PMID = 17268818.001).

[ISSN] 0167-6806

[Journal-full-title] Breast cancer research and treatment

[ISO-abbreviation] Breast Cancer Res. Treat.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] Netherlands

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Receptors, Estrogen; 0 / Receptors, Progesterone; EC 1.14.14.1 / Aromatase

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry laboratory medicine practice guidelines for use of tumor markers in testicular, prostate, colorectal, breast, and ovarian cancers.

BACKGROUND: Updated National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry (NACB) Laboratory Medicine Practice Guidelines for the use of tumor markers in the clinic have been developed.

METHODS: Published reports relevant to use of tumor markers for 5 cancer sites--testicular, prostate, colorectal, breast, and ovarian--were critically reviewed.

RESULTS: For testicular cancer, alpha-fetoprotein, human chorionic gonadotropin, and lactate dehydrogenase are recommended for diagnosis/case finding, staging, prognosis determination, recurrence detection, and therapy monitoring. alpha-Fetoprotein is also recommended for differential diagnosis of nonseminomatous and seminomatous germ cell tumors.

Free PSA measurement data are useful for distinguishing malignant from benign prostatic disease when total PSA is <10 microg/L.

For breast cancer, estrogen and progesterone receptors are mandatory for predicting response to hormone therapy, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 measurement is mandatory for predicting response to trastuzumab, and urokinase plasminogen activator/plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 may be used for determining prognosis in lymph node-negative patients.

CA125 is also recommended for differential diagnosis of suspicious pelvic masses in postmenopausal women, as well as for detection of recurrence, monitoring of therapy, and determination of prognosis in women with ovarian cancer.

CONCLUSIONS: Implementation of these recommendations should encourage optimal use of tumor markers.

[MeSH-major] Biomarkers, Tumor / analysis. Breast Neoplasms / diagnosis. Clinical Laboratory Techniques. Colorectal Neoplasms / diagnosis. Ovarian Neoplasms / diagnosis. Prostatic Neoplasms / diagnosis. Testicular Neoplasms / diagnosis

[MeSH-minor] Female. Humans. Male. Reference Values

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(PMID = 19042984.001).

[ISSN] 1530-8561

[Journal-full-title] Clinical chemistry

[ISO-abbreviation] Clin. Chem.

[Language] eng

[Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / P30 CA016672

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Practice Guideline

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Axillary ultrasound and fine-needle aspiration in the preoperative evaluation of the breast cancer patient: an algorithm based on tumor size and lymph node appearance.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of our study was to evaluate the utility of ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA) of the axillary lymph nodes in breast cancer patients depending on the size of the primary tumor and the appearance of the lymph nodes.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Data were collected about tumor size, lymph node appearance, and the results of ultrasound-guided FNA and axillary surgery of 224 patients with breast cancer undergoing 226 ultrasound-guided FNA.

Lymph nodes were classified as benign if the cortex was even and measured < 3 mm, indeterminate if the cortex was even but measured ≥ 3 mm or measured < 3 mm but was focally thickened, and suspicious if the cortex was focally thickened and measured ≥ 3 mm or the fatty hilum was absent.

The results of ultrasound-guided FNAs were analyzed by the sonographic appearance of the axillary lymph nodes and by the size of the primary tumor.

[MeSH-major] Axilla / pathology. Biopsy, Fine-Needle / methods. Breast Neoplasms / pathology. Lymphatic Metastasis / pathology. Ultrasonography, Interventional

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Breast Neoplasms, Male / pathology. Breast Neoplasms, Male / surgery. Breast Neoplasms, Male / ultrasonography. Female. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Neoplasm Staging. Preoperative Care. Prospective Studies. Sensitivity and Specificity. Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy

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[CommentIn] AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2011 Jul;197(1):W194; author reply W195 [21700988.001]

(PMID = 20966338.001).

[ISSN] 1546-3141

[Journal-full-title] AJR. American journal of roentgenology

[ISO-abbreviation] AJR Am J Roentgenol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Telomere metabolism and diagnostic demonstration of telomere measurement in the human esophagus for distinguishing benign from malignant tissue by tissue quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization.

In conclusion, our TCR method can be used to distinguish between benign and malignant tissue in esophageal lesions.

[MeSH-major] Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / diagnosis. Esophageal Neoplasms / diagnosis. Esophagus / pathology. In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence / methods. Telomere / genetics

[MeSH-minor] Aged. Anaphase / genetics. Biomarkers, Tumor / biosynthesis. Centromere / pathology. Chromosomal Instability / genetics. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Stem Cells / pathology

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[Copyright] Copyright 2006 S. Karger AG, Basel.

(PMID = 17878747.001).

[ISSN] 1423-0232

[Journal-full-title] Oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] Oncology

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Switzerland

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Estrogen receptor-beta activated apoptosis in benign hyperplasia and cancer of the prostate is androgen independent and TNFalpha mediated.

Prostate cancer (PCa) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) are androgen-dependent diseases commonly treated by inhibiting androgen action.

These data provide evidence of the beneficial effects of ERbeta agonist on epithelium and stroma of BPH, as well as androgen-independent tumor cells implicated in recurrent disease.

[MeSH-major] Apoptosis / physiology. Estrogen Receptor beta / metabolism. Hyperplasia / metabolism. Prostate / pathology. Prostatic Neoplasms / metabolism. Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / metabolism

[MeSH-minor] Analysis of Variance. Androgens / metabolism. Animals. Cell Line, Tumor. Gene Expression Profiling. Humans. Immunohistochemistry. Male. Mice. Mice, Knockout

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[Cites] Dev Biol. 2001 Jan 15;229(2):432-42 [11150243.001]

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(PMID = 20133657.001).

[ISSN] 1091-6490

[Journal-full-title] Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

[ISO-abbreviation] Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Androgens; 0 / Estrogen Receptor beta; 0 / Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2840300

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Epithelioid-cell myofibroblastoma of the breast: expanding the morphologic spectrum.

Myofibroblastoma (MFB) of the breast is an uncommon benign tumor, which exhibits a wide variety of cytomorphologic features and architectural patterns.

All but 1 case contained an intratumoral mature fatty component that variably accounted from 10% to 40% of the entire tumor.

Immunohistochemistry, revealing a variable coexpression of vimentin, desmin, alpha-smooth muscle actin, CD34, bcl-2 protein, CD99, CD10, estrogen/progesterone/androgen receptors, is crucial in confirming the diagnosis.

[MeSH-major] Breast Neoplasms / pathology. Breast Neoplasms, Male / pathology. Neoplasms, Muscle Tissue / pathology

[MeSH-minor] Aged. Biomarkers, Tumor / analysis. Epithelioid Cells / pathology. Female. Humans. Immunohistochemistry. Male. Middle Aged

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(PMID = 19390423.001).

[ISSN] 1532-0979

[Journal-full-title] The American journal of surgical pathology

[ISO-abbreviation] Am. J. Surg. Pathol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Frequency of breast cancer among Sudanese patients with breast palpable lumps.

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer mortality is high in Sudan and most patients are detected at later stages of the disease due to the lack of awareness and absence of screening programs.

This study aimed to determine the pattern and frequency of breast cancer among patients presenting with palpable breast lumps within one year duration.

METHODS AND MATERIALS: We obtained information (patient's personal data) and Fine-Needle Aspiration (FNA) materials, for occurrence of 200 breast lesions in patients.

RESULTS: The diagnoses of the 200 breast lesions were as follows: 68 (34%) were malignant, 56 cases (28%) were fibroadenoma, 23 cases (11.5%) were fibrocystic change, 22 cases (11%) were inflammatory lesions (including mastitis and abscess formation), 12 cases (6%) were benign cysts and the remaining 19 patients (9.5%) were with lactation changes (8 cases), lipoma (6 cases), gynecomastia (3 cases) and phyllodes tumor (2 cases).

CONCLUSIONS: The frequency of advanced breast cancer among patients with breast lesions is high, in this subset of patients, which signals the urgency for implementation of breast screening programs.

[MeSH-major] Breast Neoplasms / diagnosis. Breast Neoplasms / epidemiology. Breast Neoplasms, Male / diagnosis. Breast Neoplasms, Male / epidemiology

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Age Distribution. Age Factors. Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Biopsy, Fine-Needle. Breast Diseases / diagnosis. Breast Diseases / epidemiology. Female. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Sudan / epidemiology. Young Adult

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(PMID = 20071785.001).

[ISSN] 1998-4774

[Journal-full-title] Indian journal of cancer

[ISO-abbreviation] Indian J Cancer

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] India

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] [The role of 18F-FDG SPECT-CT in detecting recurrence and metastases in breast cancer patients with elevated tumor markers].

OBJECTIVE: To compare retrospectively the role of (18)F-FDG SPECT-CT and conventional imaging in the detection of recurrence and metastases in postoperative breast cancer patients with elevated level of tumor markers, and to evaluate the impact of (18)F-FDG SPECT-CT on the management of breast cancer patients.

METHODS: (18)F-FDG SPECT-CT was performed in 35 breast cancer patients with suspected recurrence based on elevated level of serum tumor markers.

The final diagnosis of recurrent breast cancer was confirmed by either pathology or observation by imaging during the follow-up for more than 1 year.

RESULTS: Among the 35 patients, the final diagnosis of recurrence or metastasis was established in 19 patients.

Of the 114 sites of increased FDG uptake, 93 were interpreted as malignant and 21 as benign.

CONCLUSION: In postoperative breast cancer patients with elevated level of tumor markers during the follow-up, (18)F-FDG SPECT-CT is more sensitive for detecting recurrence and metastases than conventional imaging.

[MeSH-major] Breast Neoplasms / pathology. Fluorodeoxyglucose F18. Lung Neoplasms / diagnosis. Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / diagnosis. Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon / methods

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Biomarkers, Tumor / blood. Breast Neoplasms, Male / blood. Breast Neoplasms, Male / pathology. Female. Follow-Up Studies. Humans. Lymphatic Metastasis. Male. Middle Aged. Radiopharmaceuticals. Retrospective Studies. Whole Body Imaging

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(PMID = 19538891.001).

[ISSN] 0253-3766

[Journal-full-title] Zhonghua zhong liu za zhi [Chinese journal of oncology]

[ISO-abbreviation] Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi

[Language] chi

[Publication-type] English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] China

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / Radiopharmaceuticals; 0Z5B2CJX4D / Fluorodeoxyglucose F18

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Male breast hemangioma--a rare entity: a case report and review of the literature.

We report the case of a 77-year-old man with a very rare breast tumor: hemangioma.

The histology confirmed the diagnosis of benign hemangioma.

There is very little literature on this type of tumor in men.

Generally hemangiomas are large and ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are useful for the diagnosis.

The important differential diagnosis with angiosarcoma is based on specific histologic patterns.

[MeSH-major] Breast Neoplasms, Male / diagnosis. Hemangioma / diagnosis

[MeSH-minor] Aged. Humans. Male. Mastectomy, Segmental

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(PMID = 16684325.001).

[ISSN] 1075-122X

[Journal-full-title] The breast journal

[ISO-abbreviation] Breast J

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] United States

[Number-of-references] 15

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Bilateral hilar foci on 18F-FDG PET scan in patients without lung cancer: variables associated with benign and malignant etiology.

Our objective was to evaluate features of these foci associated with benign or malignant etiology.

Variables evaluated were maximum standard uptake values (SUV max), purity (absence of (18)F-FDG-avid foci in nonhilar mediastinal nodes), symmetry (difference between left and right side SUV max), the primary tumor, node size determined by CT, and, in those who participated in 2 studies, stability of uptake over time.

The gold standard was histologic diagnosis or long-term clinical follow-up (range, 19-41 mo; mean, 25 mo).

On univariate analysis, variables associated with malignancy were SUV max (6.6+/-4.1 vs. 3.5+/-1.0 for benign, P<0.001; t test); impurity (P<0.001; chi(2) test), with 79% of impure scans versus 18% of pure scans being malignant; node size determined by CT (P=0.027); and change in uptake between scans 1 and 2 (change in SUV=2.7+/-2.1 vs. 0.73+/-1.1 for benign, P < 0.01; t test).

Variables associated with benign etiology were: symmetry (difference between left and right sides=0.57+/-0.54 for benign vs. 1.8+/-1.7 for malignant, P<0.01), purity, and colorectal primary (75% of colorectal were benign vs. 34% of breast, 49% of lymphoma, and 37% of other, P=0.030; chi(2) test).

CONCLUSION: In patients with nonlung cancer, in particular colorectal, foci of symmetric and mild uptake limited to the hilar regions that are stable on 2 sequential PET studies despite intervening anticancer therapy are likely related to a benign etiology.

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Female. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Radiopharmaceuticals. Reproducibility of Results. Sensitivity and Specificity

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[CommentIn] J Nucl Med. 2009 Mar;50(3):489-90 [19223415.001]

(PMID = 18765585.001).

[ISSN] 0161-5505

[Journal-full-title] Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Nucl. Med.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Radiopharmaceuticals; 0Z5B2CJX4D / Fluorodeoxyglucose F18

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Microwave tomography in the context of complex breast cancer imaging.

The notion of applying microwave imaging to breast cancer imaging has been studied at various levels by numerous scientists.

The earliest appeal of this concept related to the presumably high property contrast between benign and malignant tissue that was unique to the breast.

Subsequent published studies have shown that this assumption was overly simplistic and that the tissue property heterogeneity is considerable within the breast.

As we have expanded the clinical use of our microwave tomographic system, we are now using this approach to monitor tumor progressions during neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

In these cases, while we can still characterize and track the tumor progression, we have observed a new phenomenon.

Very often these cancer patients exhibit skin thickening near the tumor site.

Our images have reconstructed elevated dielectric properties along the breast surface associated with the accompanying edema.

These observations further add to the complex nature of breast dielectric properties and the challenges for imaging them using microwave interrogation.

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[Cites] IEEE Trans Med Imaging. 2001 Feb;20(2):104-16 [11321590.001]

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(PMID = 21097245.001).

[ISSN] 1557-170X

[Journal-full-title] Conference proceedings : ... Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual Conference

[ISO-abbreviation] Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc

[Language] ENG

[Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / P01 CA080139; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / P30 CA023108; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / P01-CA080139

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

[Publication-country] United States

[Other-IDs] NLM/ NIHMS512905; NLM/ PMC3757128

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Dynamic optical breast imaging: a novel technique to detect and characterize tumor vessels.

PURPOSE: To prospectively determine the diagnostic accuracy of optical absorption imaging in patients with Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) 3-5 breast lesions.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-six patients with BI-RADS classification 3 (11%), 4 (44%) or 5 (44%) lesions, underwent a novel optical imaging examination using red light to illuminate the breast.

Pressure was applied on the breast, and time-dependent curves of light absorption were recorded.

RESULTS: Optical mammography showed a statistical difference in numbers of suspect pixels between benign (N=12) and malignant (N=35) lesions (respectively 1325 vs. 3170, P=0.002).

The optical signal did not vary according to any other parameter including breast size or density, age, hormonal status or histological type of lesions.

CONCLUSION: Optical imaging is a low-cost, non-invasive technique, yielding physiological information dependent on breast blood volume and oxygenation.

It appears to have a good potential for discriminating benign from malignant lesions.

Further studies are warranted to define its potential role in breast cancer imaging.

[MeSH-major] Algorithms. Breast Neoplasms / blood supply. Breast Neoplasms / pathology. Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / methods. Lighting / methods. Neovascularization, Pathologic / pathology. Photography / methods

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Female. Humans. Image Enhancement / methods. Male. Middle Aged. Reproducibility of Results. Sensitivity and Specificity. Young Adult

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(PMID = 18829193.001).

[ISSN] 1872-7727

[Journal-full-title] European journal of radiology

[ISO-abbreviation] Eur J Radiol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Ireland

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Galactocele: an unusual cause of breast enlargement in children.

Galactoceles in children, either cystic or pseudotumors, are described in the literature as a rare cause of increasing breast size and can appear in males.

We report a case of galactocele in a 15-month-old male, treated at our institution.

The patient presented with a tumor in the right breast that had appeared 6 months earlier with no pain, signs of inflammation, or nipple secretion.

Twelve cases found in the literature emphasize the importance of including galactocele in the differential diagnosis of benign breast masses in infancy.

[MeSH-major] Breast Diseases / pathology. Cysts / pathology. Mastectomy, Subcutaneous / methods

[MeSH-minor] Diagnosis, Differential. Humans. Infant. Male

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(PMID = 19573643.001).

[ISSN] 1531-5037

[Journal-full-title] Journal of pediatric surgery

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Pediatr. Surg.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Hemangiomas and angiosarcomas of the breast: diagnostic utility of cell cycle markers with emphasis on Ki-67.

CONTEXT: Vascular tumors comprise a minor subgroup of tumors arising in the breast and represent variants of hemangiomas and angiosarcomas.

Ki-67 expression has been used as an adjunct to distinguish between benign and malignant lesions exhibiting histologic overlap at various anatomic sites.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the utility of Ki-67 and other cell cycle regulatory proteins (S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 [Skp2], p27, and cyclin D1) in the differential diagnosis of mammary vascular lesions.

DESIGN: Thirty-four vascular tumors (21 hemangiomas and 13 angiosarcomas) of the breast were studied.

CONCLUSIONS: Ki-67 index can be used as a diagnostic tool to distinguish between benign and malignant vascular lesions of the breast.

[MeSH-major] Breast Neoplasms / diagnosis. Breast Neoplasms, Male / diagnosis. Hemangioma / diagnosis. Hemangiosarcoma / diagnosis. Ki-67 Antigen / metabolism

[MeSH-minor] Biomarkers, Tumor / analysis. Cell Cycle. Cyclin D1 / metabolism. Diagnosis, Differential. Female. Humans. Immunohistochemistry. Male. Middle Aged. Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / metabolism. S-Phase Kinase-Associated Proteins / metabolism. Sensitivity and Specificity

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(PMID = 17425381.001).

[ISSN] 1543-2165

[Journal-full-title] Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine

[ISO-abbreviation] Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / Ki-67 Antigen; 0 / Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; 0 / S-Phase Kinase-Associated Proteins; 0 / p27 antigen; 136601-57-5 / Cyclin D1

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] [Clinical significance of hMAM mRNA detection in bone marrow of breast carcinoma patient].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of the human mammoglobin (hMAM) mRNA in bone marrow and its clinical significance in the breast cancer patient.

METHODS: Expression of hMAM mRNA was detected using nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in the bone marrow aspiration sample from 75 breast cancer patients, 15 patients with benign breast lesions and 8 healthy volunteers as control.

The hMAM mRNA was found to be positively expressed by RT-PCR in 21 of 75 breast cancer patients with a positive rate of 28.0%.

However, hMAM mRNA expression was not detected in the bone marrow aspiration samples from patients with benign breast lesions and healthy volunteers.

The hMAM mRNA expression was positively correlated with axillary nodal involvement and progesterone receptor (PR) status (P < 0.05) as well as Ki67 expression in breast cancer tissue (chi2 = 4.936, P = 0.026), but not with age, tumor size, clinical stage, or estrogen receptor (ER) status (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSION: RT-PCR is quite sensitive and has a high specificity in detecting the presence of hMAM mRNA in the bone marrow from breast cancer patients.

Thereupon, hMAM mRNA may be useful as a molecular biomarker in detecting disseminated tumor cells (DTC) in the bone marrow of breast cancer patients.

[MeSH-major] Bone Marrow / metabolism. Breast Neoplasms / genetics. Breast Neoplasms, Male / genetics. Neoplasm Proteins / genetics. Uteroglobin / genetics

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Biomarkers, Tumor / genetics. Breast / metabolism. Breast / pathology. Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / genetics. Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / pathology. Female. Fibroadenoma / genetics. Fibroadenoma / pathology. Humans. Ki-67 Antigen / genetics. Lymphatic Metastasis. Male. Mammaglobin A. Middle Aged. RNA, Messenger / biosynthesis. RNA, Messenger / genetics. Receptors, Progesterone / genetics. Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

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(PMID = 17366790.001).

[ISSN] 0253-3766

[Journal-full-title] Zhonghua zhong liu za zhi [Chinese journal of oncology]

[ISO-abbreviation] Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi

[Language] chi

[Publication-type] English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] China

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / Ki-67 Antigen; 0 / Mammaglobin A; 0 / Neoplasm Proteins; 0 / RNA, Messenger; 0 / Receptors, Progesterone; 0 / SCGB2A2 protein, human; 9060-09-7 / Uteroglobin

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Assessment of tumor blood flow in breast tumors with T1-dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging: impact of dose reduction and the use of a prebolus technique on diagnostic efficacy.

PURPOSE: To prospectively evaluate whether dose reduction and the application of a prebolus technique can effectively alleviate signal saturation effects in T1 dynamic contrast enhanced (T1-DCE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data in breast tumors and lead to increased diagnostic efficacy of the regional tumor blood flow (TBF) values obtained with deconvolution of T1-DCE MRI data.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: After obtaining informed consent, 23 women (32-80 years) with histologically proven breast tumors underwent MR mammography that included a whole-breast T1 DCE sequence.

In the slice where the tumor enhanced maximally, a prebolus protocol was applied.

The relative enhancement time course from the tumor region of interest was deconvolved with the reconstructed AIF to generate the impulse response function, the maximum of which yielded the TBF.

RESULTS: Reducing the contrast dose by a factor of 2 led to an increase in diagnostic contrast for the TBF values of malignant and benign tumors by a factor of slightly more than 2.

CONCLUSION: Using a prebolus approach provides an estimate of the unsaturated AIF, while reduction of the high-dose bolus minimizes possible saturation effects in the tumor time course.

[MeSH-major] Breast Neoplasms / diagnosis. Breast Neoplasms / physiopathology. Magnetic Resonance Imaging / methods. Neovascularization, Pathologic / diagnosis. Neovascularization, Pathologic / physiopathology

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Blood Flow Velocity. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Radiation Dosage. Reproducibility of Results. Sensitivity and Specificity

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(PMID = 20187197.001).

[ISSN] 1522-2586

[Journal-full-title] Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI

[ISO-abbreviation] J Magn Reson Imaging

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] [Fibromatosis of the breast. Report of two cases and review of the literature].

BACKGROUND: Fibromatosis is a term used to describe a group of lesions characterized by well-differentiated fibroblast proliferation with an usually benign biological behavior but with an infiltrative pattern of growth, frequently recurrent and locally invasive.

The presence of this entity in breast tissue is an uncommon clinical situation, comprising approximately 0.2% of breast tumors and very often misdiagnosed as malignant disease or phyllodes tumor.

In this rare condition, immunohistochemistry is an important diagnostic tool in anatomopathological differential diagnosis with other spindle cell tumors of the breast.

CLINICAL CASES: We present two cases of breast fibromatosis confirmed immunohistochemically and also by biopsy.

One case had the clinical and imaging appearance of breast carcinoma with the classic irregular mass presentation and the other case was misdiagnosed as phyllodes tumor because of the size and density of the tumor and the cytology.

CONCLUSIONS: Approximately 83 cases of breast fibromatosis have been reported during the last 30 years, including one male patient.

We reviewed clinicopathological features of two cases of fibromatosis of the breast treated at our institute.

[MeSH-major] Breast Neoplasms / diagnosis. Fibroma / diagnosis

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(PMID = 19919794.001).

[ISSN] 0009-7411

[Journal-full-title] Cirugía y cirujanos

[ISO-abbreviation] Cir Cir

[Language] eng; spa

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] Mexico

[Number-of-references] 44

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Surgical breast lesions in adolescent patients and a review of the literature.

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Breast disease in adolescence is uncommon, with most presenting lesions being benign.

Breast lesions in adolescent patients are discussed in this article with a review of world literature.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: The clinical records of 30 patients operated upon for breast lesions in our hospital during 18 years were reviewed.

RESULTS: There were 25 female and five male patients, ranging in age from 16 years.

Twenty-five female patients were operated on for breast mass and/or discharge, and five male adolescents were operated on for gynaecomastia.

The most frequent (n = 27) complaint was palpation of mass in the breast.

CONCLUSION: The most frequently encountered breast masses were fibro-adenomas.

These lesions are mostly benign in nature and can be treated conservatively but the possibility of precancerous lesion should be considered during follow-up.

[MeSH-major] Breast Diseases / surgery

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Breast Neoplasms / surgery. Child. Female. Fibroadenoma / surgery. Gynecomastia / surgery. Humans. Male. Nipples / pathology. Phyllodes Tumor / surgery

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(PMID = 17017692.001).

[ISSN] 0001-5458

[Journal-full-title] Acta chirurgica Belgica

[ISO-abbreviation] Acta Chir. Belg.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] Belgium

[Number-of-references] 23

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Clinical and pathological features of intracystic papillary carcinoma of the breast.

A preoperative diagnosis was not made in five patients.

Three patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging preoperatively, which helped to differentiate benign tumors and maintain free surgical margins.

The final pathological diagnosis was invasive carcinoma in 2 (14.2%) of the 14 patients.

CONCLUSION: Our results show that ICPC is more difficult to diagnose than common breast cancer preoperatively.

Excisional biopsy was necessary when fine-needle aspiration and core-needle biopsy could not provide a diagnosis.

Magnetic resonance imaging is helpful to differentiate a benign tumor from invasive disease.

[MeSH-major] Breast Neoplasms / pathology. Carcinoma, Papillary / pathology. Mastectomy / methods

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Biopsy, Fine-Needle. Female. Follow-Up Studies. Humans. Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Male. Middle Aged. Preoperative Care / methods. Treatment Outcome

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(PMID = 19132460.001).

[ISSN] 0941-1291

[Journal-full-title] Surgery today

[ISO-abbreviation] Surg. Today

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Evaluation Studies; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Japan

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Diffusion weighted MR imaging of the breast.

The aim of this work is to review the techniques and clinical applications of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the breast.

Diffusion-weighted MR imaging plays a role in the differentiation breast cancer from benign lesions, the characterization of malignancy, and the detection of tumor extension.

The apparent diffusion coefficient of breast cancer is correlated with tumor cellularity and some prognostic factors of breast cancer.

Diffusion-weighted MR imaging is used for the characterization of breast mass, diagnosis, and the grading and staging of breast cancer, as well as prediction of the responses of patients with breast cancer to chemotherapy.

[MeSH-major] Algorithms. Breast / pathology. Breast Neoplasms / diagnosis. Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging / methods. Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / methods. Pattern Recognition, Automated / methods

[MeSH-minor] Female. Humans. Image Enhancement / methods. Male. Reproducibility of Results. Sensitivity and Specificity

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(PMID = 20004597.001).

[ISSN] 1878-4046

[Journal-full-title] Academic radiology

[ISO-abbreviation] Acad Radiol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] United States

[Number-of-references] 32

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Scintimammographic detection of usual ductal breast hyperplasia with increased proliferation rate at risk for malignancy.

OBJECTIVES: To estimate whether breast uptake of (99m)Tc-(V)DMSA and (99m)Tc-sestamibi in usual ductal epithelial breast hyperplasia (UDH) and apocrine metaplasia is related to cell proliferation rate (Ki-67) and oestrogen receptor (ER) expression, both of which are associated with the potential risk of evolving to malignancy.

METHODS: Among patients referred for suspicious breast findings on palpation and/or mammography and evaluated preoperatively with both radiopharmaceuticals, we retrospectively studied 17 (10 with UDH: group I; and seven with apocrine metaplasia: group II).

This could prove useful in identifying women with benign but high-risk breast pathologies who might benefit from chemoprophylaxis.

[MeSH-major] Breast Neoplasms / radionuclide imaging. Hyperplasia / radionuclide imaging. Ki-67 Antigen / analysis. Precancerous Conditions / radionuclide imaging. Receptors, Estrogen / analysis. Risk Assessment / methods. Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi

[MeSH-minor] Biomarkers, Tumor / analysis. Cell Proliferation. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Neoplasm Invasiveness. Radiopharmaceuticals / pharmacokinetics. Retrospective Studies. Risk Factors

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(PMID = 17021432.001).

[ISSN] 0143-3636

[Journal-full-title] Nuclear medicine communications

[ISO-abbreviation] Nucl Med Commun

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Evaluation Studies; Journal Article

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / Ki-67 Antigen; 0 / Radiopharmaceuticals; 0 / Receptors, Estrogen; 971Z4W1S09 / Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Identification of cripto-1 as a novel serologic marker for breast and colon cancer.

We evaluated whether CR-1 is present in the plasma of patients with breast and colon cancer, and if it can represent a new biomarker for these malignancies.

EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We determined CR-1 plasma levels using a sandwich-type ELISA in 21 healthy volunteers, 54 patients with breast cancer, 33 patients with colon carcinoma, and 21 patients with benign breast lesions.

A statistically significant increase in the levels of plasma CR-1 was found in patients with colon carcinoma (4.68+/-3.5 ng/mL) and in patients with breast carcinoma (2.97+/-1.48 ng/mL; P<0.001).

Although moderate levels of plasma CR-1 were found in women with benign lesions of the breast (1.7+/-0.99 ng/mL), these levels were significantly lower than in patients with breast cancer (P<0.001).

Finally, immunohistochemical analysis and real-time reverse transcription-PCR confirmed strong positivity for CR-1 in colon and/or breast tumor tissues.

CONCLUSION: This study suggests that plasma CR-1 might represent a novel biomarker for the detection of breast and colon carcinomas.

[MeSH-major] Biomarkers, Tumor / blood. Breast Neoplasms / blood. Breast Neoplasms / diagnosis. Colonic Neoplasms / blood. Colonic Neoplasms / diagnosis. Epidermal Growth Factor / blood. Membrane Glycoproteins / blood. Neoplasm Proteins / blood

[MeSH-minor] Animals. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / methods. Female. GPI-Linked Proteins. Humans. Immunohistochemistry / methods. Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins. Male. Mice. Mice, Transgenic. Neoplasm Staging. Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / methods. Sensitivity and Specificity

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(PMID = 16951234.001).

[ISSN] 1078-0432

[Journal-full-title] Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research

[ISO-abbreviation] Clin. Cancer Res.

[Language] eng

[Grant] United States / Intramural NIH HHS / /

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / GPI-Linked Proteins; 0 / Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; 0 / Membrane Glycoproteins; 0 / Neoplasm Proteins; 0 / TDGF1 protein, human; 62229-50-9 / Epidermal Growth Factor

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] From the archives of the AFIP: breast masses in children and adolescents: radiologic-pathologic correlation.

The spectrum of breast lesions in children and adolescents varies markedly from that for adults, with the former lesions being overwhelmingly benign.

A breast mass in a young boy or girl may arise from normal and abnormal breast development.

After onset of puberty, most cases of breast enlargement arise from benign fibroadenoma in girls and gynecomastia in boys.

These conditions have specific imaging appearances, although juvenile (often giant) fibroadenoma cannot be distinguished from phyllodes tumor, which can be benign or malignant.

A diagnosis of juvenile papillomatosis (a benign lesion) portends later development of breast cancer, and patients with this condition should be closely monitored.

Malignant lesions of the breast in children are rare.

The most common primary breast malignancy is malignant phyllodes tumor.

Primary breast carcinoma is exceedingly rare in the pediatric age group, but its imaging appearance in children is the same as seen in adults and is different from that of almost all benign lesions.

In girls, diagnostic interventions may injure the developing breast and cause subsequent disfigurement.

Given this risk and the low prevalence of malignant disease in this population, a prudent course should be followed in the diagnosis of breast lesions.

[MeSH-major] Breast Diseases / radiography

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Breast / abnormalities. Breast / anatomy & histology. Breast / growth & development. Breast Neoplasms / diagnosis. Breast Neoplasms / pathology. Breast Neoplasms / radiography. Breast Neoplasms, Male / diagnosis. Breast Neoplasms, Male / pathology. Breast Neoplasms, Male / radiography. Breast Neoplasms, Male / secondary. Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / diagnosis. Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / pathology. Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / radiography. Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / ultrasonography. Child. Child, Preschool. Female. Fibroadenoma / diagnosis. Fibroadenoma / pathology. Fibroadenoma / radiography. Granular Cell Tumor / diagnosis. Granular Cell Tumor / pathology. Granular Cell Tumor / radiography. Gynecomastia / pathology. Gynecomastia / radiography. Humans. Infant. Infant, Newborn. Male. Nipples / abnormalities. Papilloma / diagnosis. Papilloma / pathology. Papilloma / radiography. Phyllodes Tumor / diagnosis. Phyllodes Tumor / pathology. Phyllodes Tumor / radiography. Puberty. Puberty, Precocious / diagnosis. Young Adult

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(PMID = 19448124.001).

[ISSN] 1527-1323

[Journal-full-title] Radiographics : a review publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc

[ISO-abbreviation] Radiographics

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] United States

[Number-of-references] 90

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] [Diagnosis and treatment of breast lumps in children].

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the diagnosis and treatment of breast lumps in children.

METHODS: The clinical data of 61 children with breast lumps, 20 with physiological breast masses, 5 male and 15 female, aged 1 - 14, 38 with benign tumors, 1 male and 37 female, aged 10 - 14, 3 with malignant tumors, aged 7 months, and 10 and 13 years. diagnosed and treated 2001 - 2006 were analyzed.

The 38 cases with benign tumors all underwent resection, 36 cases were cured and 2 cases recurred.

Recurrence was not seen in 2 of the 3 cases of malignant breast tumors, and the patient of leiomyosarcoma died one year after the operation.

CONCLUSION: Physiological breast masses in children needn't treatment; mostly enjoy spontaneous cure.

The outcomes of benign breast tumors in children are good after operation.

Malignant breast tumor is rare, and it is still difficult to predict its prognosis now.

[MeSH-major] Breast Neoplasms / diagnosis. Breast Neoplasms / surgery

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Breast Diseases / diagnosis. Breast Diseases / surgery. Child. Child, Preschool. Female. Humans. Infant. Male. Remission, Spontaneous

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(PMID = 19080650.001).

[ISSN] 0376-2491

[Journal-full-title] Zhonghua yi xue za zhi

[ISO-abbreviation] Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi

[Language] chi

[Publication-type] English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] China

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Dynamic contrast-enhanced breast MR imaging in men: preliminary results.

PURPOSE: To prospectively evaluate whether the descriptors of lesion features and the diagnostic criteria that have been established for breast magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in female patients may be used for differential diagnosis with breast MR imaging in male patients as well.

Seventeen consecutive male patients (mean age, 53 years +/- 14) were referred for imaging of a palpable breast mass.

In addition to mammography and high-frequency breast ultrasonography, patients underwent dynamic breast MR imaging in a prone position with a dedicated double-breast surface coil.

Findings were recorded by using the terminology and descriptors and by evaluating the diagnostic criteria (related to morphology and enhancement kinetics) that have been developed for breast MR imaging in female patients.

RESULTS: A total of 24 breast abnormalities were diagnosed.

Three patients had invasive breast cancer (five tumors), 11 had gynecomastia (six unilateral, five bilateral), two had pseudogynecomastia, and one had a benign solid tumor (angiolipoma).

All malignant tumors appeared as irregular masses with heterogeneous internal architecture or rim enhancement and showed rapid initial enhancement (mean value, 137% +/- 23) followed by a washout time course (Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System [BI-RADS] category 5).

The angiolipoma showed benign morphologic features and slow initial and persistent enhancement (BI-RADS category 2).

CONCLUSION: In the small study cohort, the MR imaging features of benign breast diseases and breast cancers in male patients seemed to be comparable to those seen in female patients.

[MeSH-major] Breast Neoplasms, Male / diagnosis. Contrast Media. Magnetic Resonance Imaging / methods

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Prospective Studies

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[Copyright] (c) RSNA, 2005

(PMID = 16371581.001).

[ISSN] 0033-8419

[Journal-full-title] Radiology

[ISO-abbreviation] Radiology

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Contrast Media

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Fine needle aspiration cytology of breast masses in children and adolescents: experience with 1404 aspirates.

OBJECTIVE: To study the distribution and efficacy of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in the diagnosis of breast lesions in pediatric and adolescent patients.

STUDY DESIGN: From January 1993 to December 2006, the cytology reports of 1404 breast aspirates (178 males and 1226 females) performed on children and adolescents (ranging from 1 to 21 years) were reviewed.

RESULTS: The morphologic spectrum seen in females was inflammatory lesions (4%), benign ductal cells (20%), ductal hyperplasia (0.6%), papillary lesions (0.7%), benign neoplasms (69%), suspicious cytology (0.3%) and cancer (0.3%).

Of the benign neoplasms, 98% (831 of 851) were fibroadenomas, with 12 cases of phyllodes (benign), 5 cases of lipoma and 3 cases of adenoma.

Only 3% of the male breast aspirates provided a diagnostic challenge, while 89% of them showed benign ductal cells.

CONCLUSION: FNAC of children and adolescent breast masses is helpful and can reduce the need for open surgery to prevent later deformity.

The aspirates are mostly benign and can be managed conservatively.

[MeSH-major] Breast Neoplasms / pathology

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Biomarkers, Tumor / metabolism. Biopsy, Fine-Needle. Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / pathology. Carcinoma, Lobular / pathology. Child. Child, Preschool. Female. Humans. Hyperplasia / pathology. Immunoenzyme Techniques. Infant. Male. Young Adult

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(PMID = 19068671.001).

[ISSN] 0001-5547

[Journal-full-title] Acta cytologica

[ISO-abbreviation] Acta Cytol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] SELDI-TOF-MS: the proteomics and bioinformatics approaches in the diagnosis of breast cancer.

Breast cancer has never had any good serum tumor markers.

SELDI-TOF-MS ProteinChip was used to detect the serum protein patterns of 49 breast cancer patients, 51 patients with benign breast diseases, and 33 healthy women.

The abilities of these models to diagnose stage I breast cancer were not worse than for stages II-IV (P>0.05).

Four candidate biomarkers of breast cancer were found.

The high sensitivity and specificity achieved by this method show great potential for the early detection of breast cancer and facilitation of discovering new and improved biomarkers.

[MeSH-major] Breast Neoplasms / diagnosis. Breast Neoplasms / genetics. Computational Biology. Proteomics / methods

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Case-Control Studies. Female. Humans. Male. Mass Spectrometry / methods. Middle Aged. Protein Array Analysis

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(PMID = 16085230.001).

[ISSN] 0960-9776

[Journal-full-title] Breast (Edinburgh, Scotland)

[ISO-abbreviation] Breast

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Evaluation Studies; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Scotland

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Diagnosis and origin determination of malignant pleural effusions through the use of the breast cancer marker human mammaglobin.

As was reported that human mammaglobin (hMAM) may be expressed in malignant pleural effusions (PEs), we investigated the relevance of hMAM reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for their diagnosis and determination of primary origin.

Two hundred and twenty-eight malignant (132 male, 96 female) and 185 benign (132 male, 53 female) PEs were investigated.

Statistical analyses evaluated the diagnostic performance parameters in all PEs and in cytologically negative malignant PEs, the association between hMAM and benign or malignant status by the direct index of correlation [diagnostic odds ratio (DOR)], chi test, and P value (P).

In addition, the discriminative diagnostic power of hMAM expression, independently in breast cancer, lung cancer (LC), malignant mesothelioma (MM), and other cancers was evaluated.

In the entire patient population, hMAM was detected in 45.6% and 5.4% of malignant and benign PEs, respectively, in the male group in 41.7% and 4.5% and in the female group in 51.0% and 7.5% of malignant and benign PEs, respectively.

A statistically significant correlation between hMAM and malignancy was found in the entire population (DOR=14.68, P<0.001) and in the male (DOR=15.00, P<0.001) or female (DOR=12.77, P<0.001) groups. hMAM RT-PCR increased the diagnostic rate of malignant PEs as it allowed us to detect as malignant 32.1% of cytologically negative PEs.

In female patients the positivity of hMAM indicated with higher probability (50.8%) the origin of PEs from breast cancer but lower probability from LC (17%), MM (9.4%), or other cancers (15.1%), whereas in male patients it indicated with similar probability (about 40%) the origin from LC or MM.

Our results suggest that hMAM RT-PCR may provide information both in the diagnosis of PE and in the search for the primary site of neoplasia, either in male or female patients.

[MeSH-major] Breast Neoplasms / complications. Breast Neoplasms / diagnosis. Neoplasm Proteins / genetics. Pleural Effusion, Malignant / diagnosis. Pleural Effusion, Malignant / etiology. Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / methods. Uteroglobin / genetics

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Biomarkers, Tumor. Female. Humans. Male. Mammaglobin A. Middle Aged. United States. Young Adult

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(PMID = 20502186.001).

[ISSN] 1533-4066

[Journal-full-title] Diagnostic molecular pathology : the American journal of surgical pathology, part B

[ISO-abbreviation] Diagn. Mol. Pathol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Evaluation Studies; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / Mammaglobin A; 0 / Neoplasm Proteins; 0 / SCGB2A2 protein, human; 9060-09-7 / Uteroglobin

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Total endoscopic thyroidectomy with bilateral breast areola and ipsilateral axillary (BBIA) approach.

The present study reviews our experiences with endoscopic thyroidectomy using bilateral breast areola and ipsilateral axillary (BBIA) approach to evaluate its safety and feasibility.

METHODS: From June 2003 through November 2007, the study group was comprised of 68 consecutive patients with benign thyroid nodules (66 women; mean age, 33.28 +/- 10.3 (range, 15-72) years).

RESULTS: The mean maximum diameter of the tumor was 3.14 +/- 1.61 (range, 1-10.7) cm.

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Aged. Cohort Studies. Feasibility Studies. Female. Humans. Length of Stay. Male. Middle Aged. Nipples. Retrospective Studies. Treatment Outcome. Young Adult

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(PMID = 18668282.001).

[ISSN] 0364-2313

[Journal-full-title] World journal of surgery

[ISO-abbreviation] World J Surg

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] The role of technetium-99m-labeled octreotide acetate scintigraphy in suspected breast cancer and correlates with expression of SSTR.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the value of (99m)Tc-octreotide acetate (hereafter, (99m)Tc-octreotide) somatostatin receptor (SSTR) scintigraphy in the detection of primary breast cancer and to correlate with expression of SSTRs.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-four female and 1 male patients (range, 17-77 years; mean age, 48 years) with palpable breast lesion were included in this study. (99m)Tc-octreotide and (99m)Tc-MIBI scintigraphy were undertaken in all patients, and the region of interest was drawn around each lesion.

Tumor uptake was measured and expressed as the ratio of tumor to normal tissue activity (T/NT).

Final clinical diagnosis was confirmed by histopathological analysis.

Expression of SSTR1-5 mRNA was measured with RT-PCR in 15 patients with malignant neoplasm, and protein level of SSTR-2 and SSTR-5 was measured using immunohistochemical staining in 15 patients with malignant neoplasm and 18 patients with benign lesion.

RESULTS: Thirty-five patients were confirmed to have infiltrative ductal breast carcinoma, 1 patient with cellular cancer, 1 patient with adenocarcinoma and 18 patients had benign lesions.

CONCLUSION: (99m)Tc-octreotide acetate scintigraphy was sensitive for the detection of primary lesion of breast cancer; however, nonspecific breast tissue uptake hampered the specificity and clinical value in the detection of lymph node metastasis.

Five subtypes of SSTR mRNA and protein SSTR2 and SSTR5 were expressed variably in breast cancer due to tumor heterogeneity. (99m)Tc-octreotide imaging may hold promise in the evaluation of the level of SSTR2 in vivo.

[MeSH-major] Breast Neoplasms / metabolism. Breast Neoplasms / radionuclide imaging. Octreotide / analogs & derivatives. Organotechnetium Compounds / pharmacokinetics. Receptors, Somatostatin / metabolism

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Female. Humans. Lymphatic Metastasis. Male. Middle Aged. Radiopharmaceuticals / pharmacokinetics. Reproducibility of Results. Sensitivity and Specificity

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(PMID = 18678351.001).

[ISSN] 0969-8051

[Journal-full-title] Nuclear medicine and biology

[ISO-abbreviation] Nucl. Med. Biol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / 99mTc-octreotide; 0 / Organotechnetium Compounds; 0 / Radiopharmaceuticals; 0 / Receptors, Somatostatin; RWM8CCW8GP / Octreotide

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Giant myofibroblastoma of breast: a case report.

Myofibroblastoma of the breast is a very rare benign neoplasm usually seen in elderly male and is of very small size.

A 40 year old nulliparous woman was admitted with chief complain of massive enlargement of left breast.

The case was clinically diagnosed as Phyllodes tumor Left mastectomy was done.

The tumor was histopathologically and immunohistochemically diagnosed as Myofibroblastoma.

[MeSH-major] Breast Neoplasms / diagnosis. Neoplasms, Muscle Tissue / diagnosis

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(PMID = 17883145.001).

[ISSN] 0377-4929

[Journal-full-title] Indian journal of pathology & microbiology

[ISO-abbreviation] Indian J Pathol Microbiol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] India

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] [Expression and clinical significance of cytokeratin 19 in bone marrow of patients with breast cancer].

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Breast cancer may undergo metastasis in early phase.

Distant metastasis, especially bone metastasis, may influence prognosis of breast cancer patients.

This study was designed to evaluate expression and clinical significance of cytokeratin 19 (CK19) in bone marrow of patients with breast cancer.

METHODS: Expression of CK19 mRNA in bone marrows of 65 breast cancer patients, 15 benign breast disease patients, and 8 healthy volunteers was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

Correlation of CK19 mRNA expression to clinicopathologic features of the 65 breast cancer patients was analyzed.

RESULTS: Positive rate of CK19 mRNA was 33.8% in the 65 breast cancer patients, and 0 in both benign breast disease patients and healthy volunteers.

Expression of CK19 mRNA was positively correlated with tumor size and clinical stage (P < 0.05), but was not related to age and lymph node status (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS: CK19 mRNA may be used as a molecular marker to detect bone marrow micrometastasis in patients with breast cancer.

The detection may help to select proper therapy and predict prognosis of breast cancer patients.

[MeSH-major] Bone Marrow / metabolism. Breast Neoplasms / metabolism. Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / metabolism. Keratin-19 / biosynthesis

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Breast Neoplasms, Male / metabolism. Breast Neoplasms, Male / pathology. Carcinoembryonic Antigen / blood. Female. Fibroadenoma / blood. Fibroadenoma / metabolism. Fibroadenoma / pathology. Humans. Lymphatic Metastasis. Male. Middle Aged. Neoplasm Staging. RNA, Messenger / biosynthesis. RNA, Messenger / genetics

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(PMID = 15946491.001).

[Journal-full-title] Ai zheng = Aizheng = Chinese journal of cancer

[ISO-abbreviation] Ai Zheng

[Language] chi

[Publication-type] English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] China

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Carcinoembryonic Antigen; 0 / Keratin-19; 0 / RNA, Messenger

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Expression characteristics of prostate-derived Ets factor support a role in breast and prostate cancer progression.

The purpose of this study was to understand the characteristics of prostate-derived Ets factor (PDEF) protein expression in breast and prostate cancer progression.

A polyclonal antibody specific to PDEF was raised and reacted with tissue microarrays consisting of benign breast, in situ ductal, invasive ductal, and invasive lobular breast carcinomas.

The antibody was also reacted with tissue microarrays, including benign prostate, prostate intraepithelial neoplasias (PINs), and prostate carcinomas.

Increased expression of PDEF was identified in 18%, 50%, 46%, and 51% of benign breast tissues, intraductal, invasive ductal, and invasive lobular carcinomas, respectively.

Importantly, in matched samples of benign breast vs tumor, 90% showed higher expression of PDEF in the tumor tissue.

Moreover, in invasive breast carcinomas, increased PDEF expression tended to correlate with Her2/neu overexpression.

Increased expression of PDEF was also found in 27%, 33%, and 40% of benign prostate tissues, PIN samples, and prostate adenocarcinomas, respectively.

Again, in matching samples of cancer vs benign and cancer vs PIN, 68% and 70%, respectively, showed increased expression in the malignant tissue.

In addition, R1881 treatment induced PDEF expression in the LNCaP prostate tumor cell line, suggesting regulation of PDEF by androgens in vivo.

Together, these results for the first time show frequent increased expression of PDEF protein in breast and prostate tumors and support a role for PDEF in breast and prostate cancer progression.

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[Cites] Steroids. 2007 Jan;72(1):7-25 [17169390.001]

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(PMID = 17521701.001).

[ISSN] 0046-8177

[Journal-full-title] Human pathology

[ISO-abbreviation] Hum. Pathol.

[Language] ENG

[Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / P30 CA016056; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA 86164; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA086164-03; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R41 CA086164-03; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / P30 CA 16056

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ets; 0 / SPDEF protein, human; 2C323EGI97 / Metribolone

[Other-IDs] NLM/ NIHMS33974; NLM/ PMC2121591

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] [Obstructive congenital multiple epulis. A case report in a male neonate].

[Transliterated title] Epulis congénitale obstructive à double localisation. A propos d'une observation chez un garçon.

This benign condition can be life threatening when obstructive.

In this report, a case of a male neonate, with features of obstructive congenital epulis arising from both maxillary and mandibular alveolar ridge, interfering with breast-feeding is described.

Diagnosis was suspected clinically and confirmed by histology.

[MeSH-major] Gingival Neoplasms / pathology. Granular Cell Tumor / pathology

[MeSH-minor] Airway Obstruction / etiology. Airway Obstruction / surgery. Humans. Infant, Newborn. Male

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(PMID = 18403186.001).

[ISSN] 0929-693X

[Journal-full-title] Archives de pédiatrie : organe officiel de la Sociéte française de pédiatrie

[ISO-abbreviation] Arch Pediatr

[Language] fre

[Publication-type] Case Reports; English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] France

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Glycomic characterization of prostate-specific antigen and prostatic acid phosphatase in prostate cancer and benign disease seminal plasma fluids.

With the use of seminal fluid samples representative of normal control, benign prostatic disease and prostate cancers, PAP and PSA were enriched by thiophilic absorption chromatography.

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[Cites] Glycobiology. 2006 Feb;16(2):132-45 [16177264.001]

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(PMID = 19128049.001).

[ISSN] 1535-3893

[Journal-full-title] Journal of proteome research

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Proteome Res.

[Language] ENG

[Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA085067-09; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U01 CA085067; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / 2U01 CA98028; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U01 CA085067-09

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / Polysaccharides; EC 3.1.3.2 / Acid Phosphatase; EC 3.1.3.2 / prostatic acid phosphatase; EC 3.1.3.48 / Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; EC 3.4.21.77 / Prostate-Specific Antigen

[Other-IDs] NLM/ NIHMS91585; NLM/ PMC2651839

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Fine-needle aspiration cytology of extramammary neoplasms metastatic to the breast.

Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy is the first-line investigation in any breast lump and hence cytomorphological recognition of nonmammary metastatic tumors to the breast and their distinction from primary tumors is important.

Metastatic breast neoplasms diagnosed over a 6-yr period from 1997 to 2002 were retrieved from the database of the Department of Cytopathology and the clinical, cytopathological, histochemical, and immunohistochemical findings were correlated with the histopathology of the primary tumor.

Fifteen cases of metastatic breast neoplasms were encountered constituting 1.47% of all malignant tumors of the breast diagnosed on FNA.

There were 14 female patients and one male patient aged 13-80 yr.

The preaspiration clinical diagnosis was either a benign breast lump or a malignancy (primary vs. metastatic).

The breast lump was the initial presentation in four cases and the cytodiagnosis of a metastatic malignancy lead to the subsequent detection of the primary malignancy.

The presence of unusual cytomorphological patterns on breast FNA should alert the cytopathologist to the possibility of a metastatic breast neoplasm, even if not suspected clinically.

A detailed history of the patient, clinical correlation, and immunocytochemistry helps in establishing an accurate diagnosis, which avoids unnecessary surgery and ensures appropriate treatment.

[MeSH-major] Breast / pathology. Breast Neoplasms, Male / pathology. Breast Neoplasms, Male / secondary

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Biopsy, Fine-Needle. Child. Female. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Neoplasm Metastasis / pathology. Predictive Value of Tests

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[Copyright] Copyright 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

(PMID = 15754368.001).

[ISSN] 8755-1039

[Journal-full-title] Diagnostic cytopathology

[ISO-abbreviation] Diagn. Cytopathol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Increased proteasome activity, ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes, and eEF1A translation factor detected in breast cancer tissue.

The activation of this pathway in various cancers and malignancies has been described, and several genetic determinants of breast cancer, including BRCA1 and BRCA2, are linked to protein degradation.

To investigate the involvement of the Ub/proteasome system in breast cancer, we examined a collection of 25 patient-matched breast cancer and normal adjacent tissues and detected activation of numerous components of the Ub/proteasome pathway.

The activity of the proteasome, and levels of proteasome subunits and various targeting factors, were increased in >90% of primary breast cancer tissue specimens.

In contrast, no activation was observed in benign solid tumors, indicating that the response is specific to abnormal growth in neoplastic cells.

Additionally, the accumulation of high levels of certain Ub-conjugating enzymes (UbcH1, UbcH2, and UbcH5), was specific to breast cancer, as no change in abundance was detected in primary colon cancer tissue extracts.

Surprisingly, the Ub/proteasome system was not activated in a well-characterized cell culture-based breast cancer model system.

Collectively, these findings suggest that the analysis of primary breast cancer tissue samples will be indispensable for the biochemical characterization of neoplastic growth and for the development of therapeutics.

[MeSH-major] Breast Neoplasms / enzymology. Peptide Elongation Factor 1 / metabolism. Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex / metabolism. Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes / metabolism

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Female. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Tumor Cells, Cultured. Ubiquitin / metabolism

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(PMID = 15994932.001).

[ISSN] 0008-5472

[Journal-full-title] Cancer research

[ISO-abbreviation] Cancer Res.

[Language] eng

[Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA83875

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Peptide Elongation Factor 1; 0 / Ubiquitin; EC 3.4.25.1 / Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex; EC 6.3.2.19 / Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Detection of HER-2/neu, c-myc amplification and p53 inactivation by FISH in Egyptian patients with breast cancer.

Breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women worldwide.

Amplification of the two oncogenes HER-2/neu and c-myc and inactivation of the tumor suppressor gene p53 are frequently encountered in breast carcinomas.

The study was conducted on 34 tissue samples obtained from 33 females and 1 male with breast carcinomas and 17 samples obtained from 16 females and 1 male with benign breast lesions.

Results revealed that the level of HER-2/neu, c-myc and p53 in the malignant group was significantly increased as compared to the benign group.

The sensitivity of the investigated markers significantly increased with larger tumor size.

Concerning tumor grade, HER-2/neu and p53 showed a significant increase in low-grade tumors whereas c-myc showed a highly significant increase in high-grade tumors.

[MeSH-major] Breast Neoplasms / genetics. In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence / methods. Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc / analysis. Receptor, ErbB-2 / analysis. Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / analysis

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Aged. Biomarkers, Tumor / analysis. Biopsy. Breast Neoplasms, Male / diagnosis. Breast Neoplasms, Male / epidemiology. Breast Neoplasms, Male / genetics. Egypt / epidemiology. Female. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Neoplasm Staging / methods. Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques / methods. Prevalence. Young Adult

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(PMID = 19675743.001).

[ISSN] 1612-3174

[Journal-full-title] German medical science : GMS e-journal

[ISO-abbreviation] Ger Med Sci

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Germany

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / MYC protein, human; 0 / Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc; 0 / Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; EC 2.7.10.1 / ERBB2 protein, human; EC 2.7.10.1 / Receptor, ErbB-2

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2716551

[Keywords] NOTNLM ; HER-2/neu / breast cancer / c-myc / fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) / genetic alterations / p53

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Suppression by L-methionine of cell cycle progression in LNCaP and MCF-7 cells but not benign cells.

BACKGROUND/AIM: Methionine inhibits proliferation of breast and prostate cancer cells.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: MCF-7 (breast), LNCaP (prostate), and LS-174 (colon) cancer cells (wild-type p53), DU-145 (prostate) and SW480 (colon) cancer cells (mutated p53), and immortalized, non-tumorigenic MCF-10A (breast), BPH-1 (prostate), and NCM-460 (colon) epithelial cells were used.

LNCaP and MCF-7 cells were arrested at G(1), but DU-145 at S.

CONCLUSION: L-Methionine selectively inhibits proliferation of breast and prostate cancer cells, but not non-tumorigenic cells, and may thus have therapeutic benefits. p53 status appeared to determine the cell cycle stage at which methionine acts.

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(PMID = 20651330.001).

[ISSN] 1791-7530

[Journal-full-title] Anticancer research

[ISO-abbreviation] Anticancer Res.

[Language] ENG

[Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA116195; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01CA116195

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

[Publication-country] Greece

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; AE28F7PNPL / Methionine

[Other-IDs] NLM/ NIHMS623504; NLM/ PMC4166481

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Magnetic resonance imaging measurements of vascular permeability and extracellular volume fraction of breast tumors by dynamic Gd-DTPA-enhanced relaxometry.

Vascular permeability (k(ep), min(-1)) and extracellular volume fraction (v(e)) are tissue parameters of great interest to characterize malignant tumor lesions.

Thus, before treatment, these tissue parameters may prove useful to evaluate tumor aggressiveness and to predict responsiveness to therapy and variations during cytotoxic therapies could allow to assess treatment efficacy and early modified therapy schedules in case of poor responsiveness.

In this work, blood-tissue permeability and extracellular volume fraction information were derived from magnetic resonance imaging dynamic longitudinal relaxation rate (R(1)) mapping obtained after an intravenous bolus injection of Gd-DTPA in a group of 92 female patients with breast lesions, 68 of these being histologically proven to be with carcinoma.

For the sake of comparison, 24 benign lesions were studied.

As a consequence of neoangiogenesis, results showed a higher permeability in malignant than in benign lesions, whereas the extracellular volume fraction value did not allow any discrimination between benign and malignant lesions.

[MeSH-major] Breast Neoplasms / blood supply. Breast Neoplasms / pathology. Capillary Permeability. Gadolinium DTPA. Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / methods. Magnetic Resonance Imaging / methods. Microcirculation / pathology

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Contrast Media. Extracellular Fluid. Female. Humans. Image Enhancement / methods. Male. Middle Aged

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(PMID = 17371717.001).

[ISSN] 0730-725X

[Journal-full-title] Magnetic resonance imaging

[ISO-abbreviation] Magn Reson Imaging

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Evaluation Studies; Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Contrast Media; K2I13DR72L / Gadolinium DTPA

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Human kallikrein 10 ELISA development and validation in breast cancer sera.

There is significant interest in measuring hK10 which may act as a tumor suppressor in some cancers.

We have developed an ELISA for hK10 and determined its analytical and clinical performance in normal and breast cancer sera.

The assay was analytically validated and used to determine serum levels of hK10 in a set of breast cancer, benign breast disease and normal samples.

Concentrations were not age related and were not significantly different from benign fibrocystic disease or breast cancer.

However, in a subset of breast cancer patients with both early and late stage disease, serum hK10 levels were elevated, at >1.55 ng/mL, above all normal female and benign disease samples.

CONCLUSIONS: We report in detail the analytical performance of a colorimetric hK10 ELISA validated in human serum and report for the first time the hK10 serum concentration in benign and breast cancer samples.

[MeSH-major] Breast Neoplasms / blood. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / methods. Kallikreins / blood

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Female. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Reproducibility of Results

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(PMID = 17585892.001).

[ISSN] 0009-9120

[Journal-full-title] Clinical biochemistry

[ISO-abbreviation] Clin. Biochem.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] EC 3.4.21.- / KLK10 protein, human; EC 3.4.21.- / Kallikreins

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Tumor suppressor function of androgen receptor coactivator ARA70alpha in prostate cancer.

Here we report that the full length ARA70alpha, in contrast, represses prostate cancer cell proliferation and anchorage-independent growth in vitro and inhibits tumor growth in nude mice xenograft experiments in vivo.

The tumor suppressor function of ARA70alpha is consistent with our previous findings that ARA70alpha expression is decreased in prostate cancer cells compared with benign prostate.

These results strongly suggest that ARA70alpha functions as a tumor suppressor gene.

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(PMID = 20167864.001).

[ISSN] 1525-2191

[Journal-full-title] The American journal of pathology

[ISO-abbreviation] Am. J. Pathol.

[Language] ENG

[Grant] United States / NIDDK NIH HHS / DK / R01 DK058024

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / NCOA4 protein, human; 0 / Nuclear Receptor Coactivators; 0 / Protein Isoforms

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2843478

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Secondary neoplasms after radiotherapy for a childhood solid tumor.

This study was conducted to determine the outcome of patients who develop a second neoplasm after radiotherapy (RT) for a childhood solid tumor.

From 1956 to 1998, 429 children with a malignant solid tumor were treated at a single radiation oncology facility.

The medical records and radiotherapy charts were reviewed to determine if the patient developed a secondary neoplasm after treatment for malignancy.

Twenty-three (5.4%) patients developed a secondary neoplasm.

There were 14 malignant neoplasms in 13 (3.0%) and 14 benign neoplasms in 11 patients (2.6%).

The types of initial solid tumors treated with RT were Ewing sarcoma in 6, Wilms tumor in 6, medulloblastoma in 5, neuroblastoma in 3, and other in 3.

For the 14 malignant neoplasms, the median time interval from initial tumor to second malignancy was 10.1 years.

The 14 second malignant neoplasms (SMN) were osteosarcoma in 3, breast carcinoma in 2, melanoma in 2, malignant fibrous histiocytoma in 1, dermatofibrosarcoma in 1, leiomyosarcoma in 1, mucoepidermoid carcinoma in 1, colon cancer in 1, chronic myelogenous leukemia in 1, and basal cell carcinoma in 1.

The 5- and 10-year overall survival rate after diagnosis of an SMN was 69.2%; it was 70% for children with a SMN at the edge or inside the RT field and 66.7% for those outside of the RT field.

The 14 benign neoplasms appeared at a median time of 16.9 years and included cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in 3, osteochondroma in 3, thyroid adenoma in 1, duodenal adenoma in 1, lipoma in 1, cherry angioma in 1, uterine leiomyoma in 1, ovarian cystadenofibroma in 1, and giant cell tumor in 1.

Only 5 (36%) of the 14 benign tumors occurred in the RT field, with osteochondroma being the most common.

More than two-thirds of children with a radiation-induced malignancy are alive 10 years after the diagnosis of a SMN.

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Cause of Death. Child. Child, Preschool. Female. Follow-Up Studies. Humans. Infant. Male. Radiation Dosage. Retrospective Studies. Survival Rate

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(PMID = 15804994.001).

[ISSN] 0888-0018

[Journal-full-title] Pediatric hematology and oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] Pediatr Hematol Oncol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] England

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Molecular insights into prostate cancer progression: the missing link of tumor microenvironment.

PURPOSE: Tumor cell genotype and phenotype have been considered the only determinants supporting cancer growth and metastasis.

This review focuses on the published literature that suggests that tumor-microenvironment interaction has a decisive role in controlling local cancer growth, invasion and distant metastasis.

As this review shows, genetic alterations in prostate cancer cells alone are not enough to confer metastatic status without a supporting tumor microenvironment.

Effective therapeutic targeting requires a deeper understanding of the interplay between tumor and stroma.

Approaches co-targeting tumor and stroma already show promise over the conventional targeting of tumor cells alone in preventing prostate cancer progression and eradicating preexisting or newly developed prostate cancers in bone and visceral organs.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A literature survey using the MEDLINE database was performed in basic and clinical publications relevant to tumor-host microenvironment interaction.

RESULTS: Tumor associated stroma actively fuel the progression of prostate cancer from localized growth to the invasion of surrounding tissues, and the development of distant bone and visceral organ metastasis.

In concert with this progression tumor cells recovered from metastatic sites could represent a subpopulation of preexisting tumor cells or could be a newly acquired variant subsequent to tumor-stromal interaction.

This presents a new opportunity for therapeutic targeting for the treatment of benign and malignant growth of the prostate glands.

This review summarizes specific research implicating tumor-microenvironment interaction as the molecular basis of cancer progression, providing a rationale for targeting tumor and the tumor associated microenvironment in the management of androgen independent and bone metastatic prostate cancer progression in patients.

Further elucidation of the molecular mechanisms underlying tumor-stromal interaction may yield improved medical treatments for prostate cancer growth and metastasis.

[MeSH-minor] Bone Neoplasms / physiopathology. Bone Neoplasms / secondary. Breast Neoplasms / physiopathology. Cell Differentiation. Cell Line, Tumor. Cell Transformation, Neoplastic. Disease Progression. Extracellular Matrix / physiology. Fibroblasts / physiology. Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / physiology. Humans. Male. Molecular Mimicry. Neoplasm Invasiveness. Signal Transduction / physiology. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / physiology

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(PMID = 15592017.001).

[ISSN] 0022-5347

[Journal-full-title] The Journal of urology

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Urol.

[Language] eng

[Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA 098912; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA 76620

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; Review

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A

[Number-of-references] 73

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Metastases to the breast from extramammary malignancies: a clinicopathologic study of 12 cases.

Along with a brief review of the literature, we report the clinicopathologic features of 12 cases of extramammary malignancies metastatic to the breast.

Histological diagnoses of the primary tumor were as follows: non-Hodgkin diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (3 patients), acute mycloid leukemia (3 patients), serous papillary adenocarcinoma, well-differentiated adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, undifferentiated neoplasm, mesothelioma, and melanoma.

The interval between diagnosis of primary cancer and the appearance of breast metastasis ranged from 0 to 108 months (mean: 17, median: 1).

Survival after the detection of the breast metastases ranged from 0.2 to 144 months (mean: 23, median: 9.5).

In conclusion, metastasis can mimic either benign disease or primary malignancy and is often an unexpected diagnosis in a patient presenting with a breast mass.

Thus, an accurate diagnosis is important to avoid unnecessary mutilating surgery.

[MeSH-major] Breast Neoplasms / secondary. Neoplasm Metastasis

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Aged. Breast Neoplasms, Male / radiography. Breast Neoplasms, Male / secondary. Child. Female. Humans. Male. Mammography. Middle Aged. Prognosis. Survival Analysis

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(PMID = 17219743.001).

[ISSN] 1233-9687

[Journal-full-title] Polish journal of pathology : official journal of the Polish Society of Pathologists

[ISO-abbreviation] Pol J Pathol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] Poland

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Activin A circulating levels in patients with bone metastasis from breast or prostate cancer.

Activin A serum concentrations were determined, by a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit, in 72 patients with breast cancer (BC) or prostatic cancer (PC) with (BM+) or without (BM-) bone metastases, in 15 female patients with age-related osteoporosis (OP), in 20 patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) and in 48 registered healthy blood donors (HS) of both sex (25 female and 23 male).

[MeSH-major] Activins / blood. Bone Neoplasms / secondary. Breast Neoplasms / pathology. Prostatic Neoplasms / pathology

[MeSH-minor] Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Biomarkers, Tumor / blood. Female. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Osteoporosis / blood. Prostatic Hyperplasia / blood. Sensitivity and Specificity

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(PMID = 16841234.001).

[ISSN] 0262-0898

[Journal-full-title] Clinical & experimental metastasis

[ISO-abbreviation] Clin. Exp. Metastasis

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Netherlands

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / activin A; 104625-48-1 / Activins

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Detection of circulating tumor cells in patients with pancreatic cancer: a preliminary result.

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: It has been reported that circulating tumor cells (CTCs) can be used to predict survival in metastatic breast cancer.

CTC was negative in 15 patients with PC (stage II, 1; stage III, 1; stage IVa, 7; and stage IVb, 6) and in the subjects with benign conditions.

[MeSH-minor] Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Female. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Neoplasm Staging. Prognosis. Survival Analysis

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(PMID = 18392713.001).

[ISSN] 0944-1166

[Journal-full-title] Journal of hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery

[ISO-abbreviation] J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Japan