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1. Cuschieri K, Wentzensen N: Human papillomavirus mRNA and p16 detection as biomarkers for the improved diagnosis of cervical neoplasia. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 2008 Oct;17(10):2536-45
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  • [Title] Human papillomavirus mRNA and p16 detection as biomarkers for the improved diagnosis of cervical neoplasia.
  • Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection of the genital tract is very common and normally follows a benign clinical course; however, in an unfortunate minority of infected individuals, it can cause disease that sometimes leads to cancer.
  • [MeSH-major] Biomarkers, Tumor / analysis. Neoplasm Proteins / genetics. Papillomaviridae / isolation & purification. Papillomavirus Infections / diagnosis. RNA, Messenger / analysis. Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / diagnosis
  • [MeSH-minor] Female. Humans. Mass Screening / methods. Precancerous Conditions / diagnosis. Precancerous Conditions / genetics. Precancerous Conditions / virology

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  • (PMID = 18842994.001).
  • [ISSN] 1055-9965
  • [Journal-full-title] Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev.
  • [Language] eng
  • [Grant] United States / Intramural NIH HHS / / ZIA CP010124-14
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Review
  • [Publication-country] United States
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / Neoplasm Proteins; 0 / P16 protein, human; 0 / RNA, Messenger
  • [Number-of-references] 89
  • [Other-IDs] NLM/ NIHMS212843; NLM/ PMC2900792
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2. Hsu A, Bray TM, Helferich WG, Doerge DR, Ho E: Differential effects of whole soy extract and soy isoflavones on apoptosis in prostate cancer cells. Exp Biol Med (Maywood); 2010 Jan;235(1):90-7
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  • Benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH-1), LnCap and PC3 cells were treated with varying concentrations of soy extract, genistein or daidzein and analyzed for cell cycle alterations and induction of apoptosis.
  • No significant changes in cell cycle arrest or apoptosis were observed in non-cancerous BPH-1 cells treated with soy extract, suggesting that the effects of soy extract may be tumor cell specific.
  • [MeSH-minor] Anticarcinogenic Agents / pharmacology. Caspases / metabolism. Cell Cycle / drug effects. Cell Line, Tumor. Dietary Supplements. Enzyme Activation / drug effects. Humans. Male. NF-kappa B / metabolism. Phytoestrogens / pharmacology. Plant Extracts / pharmacology. bcl-2-Associated X Protein / metabolism

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  • (PMID = 20404023.001).
  • [ISSN] 1535-3699
  • [Journal-full-title] Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.)
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Exp. Biol. Med. (Maywood)
  • [Language] eng
  • [Grant] United States / NIEHS NIH HHS / ES / P30 ES00210; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA107693; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA107693; United States / NIA NIH HHS / AG / P01 AG024387; United States / NIA NIH HHS / AG / P01-AG024387; United States / NCCIH NIH HHS / AT / P50 AT006268; United States / NIEHS NIH HHS / ES / P30 ES000210
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • [Publication-country] England
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Anticarcinogenic Agents; 0 / BAX protein, human; 0 / Isoflavones; 0 / NF-kappa B; 0 / Phytoestrogens; 0 / Plant Extracts; 0 / bcl-2-Associated X Protein; 1POG3SCN5T / genistin; 6287WC5J2L / daidzein; EC 3.4.22.- / Caspases
  • [Other-IDs] NLM/ NIHMS617415; NLM/ PMC4125131
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3. Wietfeldt ED, Thiele J: Malignancies of the anal margin and perianal skin. Clin Colon Rectal Surg; 2009 May;22(2):127-35
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  • [Title] Malignancies of the anal margin and perianal skin.
  • Malignancies of the anal margin and perianal skin are relatively uncommon lesions, comprising 3 to 4% of all anorectal malignancies.
  • Buschke-Lowenstein tumor, or giant condyloma acuminatum, is not always included because this lesion is technically benign, although it displays aggressive local invasive behavior that makes it difficult to manage.
  • Proper diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion on the part of the surgeon.
  • Innocent local irritations will resolve in a short time with appropriate therapy; those that persist must be biopsied for tissue diagnosis.
  • Invasion and metastasis are relatively rare in this group of neoplasms; perianal Paget's disease has the highest risk of associated underlying neoplasm.

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  • (PMID = 20436838.001).
  • [ISSN] 1530-9681
  • [Journal-full-title] Clinics in colon and rectal surgery
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Clin Colon Rectal Surg
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article
  • [Publication-country] United States
  • [Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2780245
  • [Keywords] NOTNLM ; Anal margin cancer / diagnosis / local excision / radiation therapy / treatment options
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4. Xi Z, LinLin M, Ye T: Human epididymis protein 4 is a biomarker for transitional cell carcinoma in the urinary system. J Clin Lab Anal; 2009;23(6):357-61
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  • METHODS: 102 patients with TCC, 60 with benign urinary diseases, and 60 healthy controls were included in this study.
  • RESULTS: The HE4 level was significantly increased in patients with TCC compared to patients with benign urinary diseases patients (P<0.01) and healthy controls (P<0.01), and the level of HE4 in patients with superficial TCC (Tis Ta T1) was significantly higher than that of the benign urogenital group (P<0.05)and healthy controls (P<0.05).
  • There was no difference between HE4 levels based on tumor recurrence, clinical TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, or pathological stage (P>0.05).
  • The HE4 level was also different between patients with a single tumor versus patients with multiple tumors.
  • CONCLUSIONS: HE4 may be a screening tool for early diagnosis of TCC in the urinary system, and may become a prognostic marker for TCC in the urinary system.
  • [MeSH-major] Biomarkers, Tumor / blood. Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / blood. Epididymal Secretory Proteins / metabolism. Urologic Neoplasms / blood

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  • (PMID = 19927341.001).
  • [ISSN] 1098-2825
  • [Journal-full-title] Journal of clinical laboratory analysis
  • [ISO-abbreviation] J. Clin. Lab. Anal.
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • [Publication-country] United States
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / DEFB126 protein, human; 0 / Epididymal Secretory Proteins; 0 / beta-Defensins
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5. Miragliotta V, Ipiña Z, Lefebvre-Lavoie J, Lussier JG, Theoret CL: Equine CTNNB1 and PECAM1 nucleotide structure and expression analyses in an experimental model of normal and pathological wound repair. BMC Physiol; 2008;8:1
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  • Specifically, wounds on horse limbs often develop exuberant granulation tissue which behaves clinically like a benign tumor and resembles the human keloid in that the evolving scar is trapped in the proliferative phase of repair, leading to fibrosis.

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  • (PMID = 18237399.001).
  • [ISSN] 1472-6793
  • [Journal-full-title] BMC physiology
  • [ISO-abbreviation] BMC Physiol.
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • [Publication-country] England
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antigens, CD31; 0 / beta Catenin
  • [Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2268708
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6. McNeill RE, Miller N, Kerin MJ: Evaluation and validation of candidate endogenous control genes for real-time quantitative PCR studies of breast cancer. BMC Mol Biol; 2007;8:107
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  • RESULTS: The expression and validity of candidate ECs (GAPDH, TFRC, ABL, PPIA, HPRT1, RPLP0, B2M, GUSB, MRPL19, PUM1 and PSMC4) was determined in 6 benign and 21 malignant primary breast cancer tissues.
  • ESR1 expression was appreciably higher in malignant compared to benign tissues and there was a significant effect of EC on the magnitude of the error associated with the relative quantity of ESR1.
  • [MeSH-minor] Biomarkers, Tumor / genetics. Estrogen Receptor alpha / genetics. Female. Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic. Humans. Reproducibility of Results



7. Stanley JD, Bell C, Hinkle N, Moore RA, Burns RP: The Ferguson Operating Anoscope as a minimally invasive option for the treatment of rectal tumors. Am Surg; 2010 Aug;76(8):850-6
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  • This retrospective case series evaluates the effectiveness of FOA for the excision of selected benign and malignant rectal tumors.
  • In the 97 patients evaluated, 99 FOA transanal excisions were performed for 39 adenocarcinomas, 55 benign tumors, and five carcinoid tumors.
  • The tumors were 0.5 to 13.5 cm in diameter and located an average of 6.9 cm (range, 1 to 15 cm) from the anal verge.
  • In early follow up of adenomas and favorable T1 carcinomas, FOA transanal excision has similar application, morbidity, and recurrence rates as reported for transanal endoscopic microsurgery for rectal tumors within 15 cm from the anal verge.
  • [MeSH-minor] Adenocarcinoma / surgery. Adenoma / surgery. Adult. Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Carcinoid Tumor / surgery. Female. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / instrumentation. Retrospective Studies

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  • (PMID = 20726416.001).
  • [ISSN] 0003-1348
  • [Journal-full-title] The American surgeon
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Am Surg
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article
  • [Publication-country] United States
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8. Martino P, Martino D, Palazzo S, Altomare DF, Garofalo L, Battaglia M, Selvaggi FP: Incidental discovery of ano-rectal disease during transrectal ultrasound performed for prostatic disease. Arch Ital Urol Androl; 2005 Mar;77(1):37-9
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  • [Title] Incidental discovery of ano-rectal disease during transrectal ultrasound performed for prostatic disease.
  • In 132 cases (27%) it was shown to be a false positive, mainly due to imperfect cleansing of the anal canal; in 284 cases (58%) benign disease was demonstrated (hemorrhoids in 192 patients, abscesses in 21, perianal fistulas in 18, inflamed lymph nodes in 27, polyps in 16).
  • In 34 patients (7%) a malignant tumor was found (infiltration of the anterior rectal wall by a prostatic adenocarcinoma in 13, and a primitive adenocarcinoma of rectal origin in the remaining 21).
  • It can be concluded that transrectal US does not permit a certain diagnosis of the nature of rectal disease, but does raise a diagnostic suspicion that can orient the surgeon to schedule more invasive diagnostic investigations.

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  • (PMID = 15906788.001).
  • [ISSN] 1124-3562
  • [Journal-full-title] Archivio italiano di urologia, andrologia : organo ufficiale [di] Societa italiana di ecografia urologica e nefrologica
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Arch Ital Urol Androl
  • [Language] ENG
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article
  • [Publication-country] Italy
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9. Schulte T, Kahlke V: [Mass of the pelvis minor--the coloproctological point of view]. Ther Umsch; 2007 Jul;64(7):389-94
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  • It contains the pelvic organs like the inner genital organs of women, the urinary bladder the rectum and parts of the anus.
  • The rectum is the origin of benign and malign tumors.
  • Most frequently you find under these tumors the benign adenoma and hamartoma and the malign like the rectal and anal cancer.
  • The further diagnostic work up and following therapy relates to the histology and the anatomical location of the tumor.
  • [MeSH-major] Anus Neoplasms. Pelvic Neoplasms. Rectal Neoplasms
  • [MeSH-minor] Adult. Colonoscopy. Combined Modality Therapy. Diagnosis, Differential. Endosonography. Humans. Middle Aged. Neoplasm Staging. Postoperative Care. Proctoscopy. Rectum / pathology. Tomography, X-Ray Computed

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  • (PMID = 17948756.001).
  • [ISSN] 0040-5930
  • [Journal-full-title] Therapeutische Umschau. Revue thérapeutique
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Ther Umsch
  • [Language] ger
  • [Publication-type] Comparative Study; English Abstract; Journal Article
  • [Publication-country] Switzerland
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10. Wang P, Bista RK, Khalbuss WE, Qiu W, Uttam S, Staton K, Zhang L, Brentnall TA, Brand RE, Liu Y: Nanoscale nuclear architecture for cancer diagnosis beyond pathology via spatial-domain low-coherence quantitative phase microscopy. J Biomed Opt; 2010 Nov-Dec;15(6):066028
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  • [Title] Nanoscale nuclear architecture for cancer diagnosis beyond pathology via spatial-domain low-coherence quantitative phase microscopy.
  • Definitive diagnosis of malignancy is often challenging due to limited availability of human cell or tissue samples and morphological similarity with certain benign conditions.

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  • [ISSN] 1560-2281
  • [Journal-full-title] Journal of biomedical optics
  • [ISO-abbreviation] J Biomed Opt
  • [Language] ENG
  • [Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R21 CA152935-01; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R21CA152935; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R21 CA138370; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R21 CA138370-01; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R21 CA152935; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA138370-02; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R21CA138370; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA152935-01; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R21 CA138370-02
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
  • [Publication-country] United States
  • [Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC3025597
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11. Agar NY, Malcolm JG, Mohan V, Yang HW, Johnson MD, Tannenbaum A, Agar JN, Black PM: Imaging of meningioma progression by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Anal Chem; 2010 Apr 1;82(7):2621-5
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  • Often considered benign, meningiomas represent 32% of intracranial tumors with three grades of malignancy defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) histology based classification.
  • A preliminary classifier based on the support vector machine showed the ability to distinguish meningioma image spectra from the nontumor brain and from gliomas, a different type of brain tumor, and to enable class imaging of surgical tissue.

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  • (PMID = 20196536.001).
  • [ISSN] 1520-6882
  • [Journal-full-title] Analytical chemistry
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Anal. Chem.
  • [Language] ENG
  • [Grant] United States / NCRR NIH HHS / RR / U41 RR019703; United States / NIBIB NIH HHS / EB / U54 EB005149-030003; United States / NIBIB NIH HHS / EB / U54 EB005149; United States / NCRR NIH HHS / RR / P41 RR-13218; United States / NCRR NIH HHS / RR / RR013218-108435; United States / NCRR NIH HHS / RR / P41 RR013218-108435; United States / NCRR NIH HHS / RR / P41 RR013218; United States / NIBIB NIH HHS / EB / EB005149-030003
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
  • [Publication-country] United States
  • [Other-IDs] NLM/ NIHMS184740; NLM/ PMC2852177
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12. Driemel O, Dahse R, Berndt A, Pistner H, Hakim SG, Zardi L, Reichert TE, Kosmehl H: High-molecular tenascin-C as an indicator of atypical cells in oral brush biopsies. Clin Oral Investig; 2007 Mar;11(1):93-9
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  • Tumour-invasion like wound healing is characterised by the formation of an extracellular matrix with a high tenascin-C content.
  • Analysis using antibody BC2 indicates that especially the high-molecular tenascin-C (hm tn-C) variants are typically tumour-associated, while distribution in normal tissue is restrictive.
  • Conventional cytology produced four false-positives when identifying atypical cells in brush biopsies of inflammatory/benign hyperproliferative mucosa (specificity 96%), while 10 in 52 carcinomas and three of eight recurrences were not identified (sensitivity 78%).
  • [MeSH-major] Biomarkers, Tumor / analysis. Biopsy / methods. Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / pathology. Mouth Neoplasms / pathology. Tenascin / analysis
  • [MeSH-minor] Epithelial Cells / pathology. Humans. Immunoenzyme Techniques. Mouth Mucosa / pathology. Neoplasm Invasiveness / pathology. Prospective Studies. Sensitivity and Specificity

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  • (PMID = 17111122.001).
  • [ISSN] 1432-6981
  • [Journal-full-title] Clinical oral investigations
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Clin Oral Investig
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • [Publication-country] Germany
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / Tenascin
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13. Nagy A, Kovacs T, Lóderer Z: Experiences with PPH gun stapled ileo or coloanal anastomoses after ultralow rectal resections and proctocolectomies with J pouch reconstructions. Acta Chir Iugosl; 2006;53(2):61-3
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  • On 47 totalcolectomised FAP and UC patients and 9 low rectal benign or clinically T1 or T2N0 rectal tumor resection there was only 5 radiologically proven anastomotic leakadge without serious septic complications.
  • The anal sphincter function after 6 month of the ileoanal anastomosis remained good in 33/39 and acceptable in 6 cases, if the sphincter function was intact praeoperatively.
  • After the ultra low rectal resections all patients kept the normal anal shpincter function.
  • [MeSH-major] Anal Canal / surgery. Colon / surgery. Ileum / surgery. Proctocolectomy, Restorative. Rectum / surgery. Surgical Stapling

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  • (PMID = 17139887.001).
  • [ISSN] 0354-950X
  • [Journal-full-title] Acta chirurgica Iugoslavica
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Acta Chir Iugosl
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article
  • [Publication-country] Serbia and Montenegro
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14. Tsao KC, Hong JH, Wu TL, Chang PY, Sun CF, Wu JT: Elevation of CA 19-9 and chromogranin A, in addition to CA 125, are detectable in benign tumors in leiomyomas and endometriosis. J Clin Lab Anal; 2007;21(3):193-6
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  • [Title] Elevation of CA 19-9 and chromogranin A, in addition to CA 125, are detectable in benign tumors in leiomyomas and endometriosis.
  • As the best-known tumor marker for ovarian carcinoma, CA 125 has also been commonly used to monitor patients with common benign gynecologic diseases such as endometriosis and leiomyoma.
  • Both of these benign tumors are known to be at risk of developing into cancer.
  • During the screening of an asymptomatic population with multiple tumor markers, including alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), prostate-specific antigen (PSA), CA 125, CA 19-9, CA 15-3, chromogranin A (CgA), and squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC), we have detected elevated tumor markers in 142 individuals; 19 of them were diagnosed with endometriosis or leiomyoma or both.
  • In addition to the detection of elevation of CA 125 in these benign tumors, elevated CA 19-9 or CgA was also found in these patients with endometriosis or leiomyoma.
  • It appears that instead of monitoring only CA 125, as is traditionally done, multiple tumor markers, including CA 19-9, CgA, and CA 125, should be measured simultaneously in women with clinical disorders associated with the ovary or uterus in order to detect gynecologic benign tumors and in order to prevent further development of cancer.
  • [MeSH-major] Biomarkers, Tumor / blood. CA-125 Antigen / blood. CA-19-9 Antigen / blood. Chromogranin A / blood. Endometrial Neoplasms / blood. Endometriosis / blood. Leiomyoma / blood



15. Branchini G, Schneider L, Cericatto R, Capp E, Brum IS: Progesterone receptors A and B and estrogen receptor alpha expression in normal breast tissue and fibroadenomas. Endocrine; 2009 Jun;35(3):459-66
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  • Fibroadenomas are the most common benign breast tumors, occurring mainly in young women.
  • Their responses to the hormonal environment are similar to those of normal breast tissue, which suggests that steroid receptors may play a role in tumor development.

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  • (PMID = 19367380.001).
  • [ISSN] 1355-008X
  • [Journal-full-title] Endocrine
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Endocrine
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • [Publication-country] United States
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Estrogen Receptor alpha; 0 / Receptors, Progesterone; 0 / progesterone receptor A; 0 / progesterone receptor B
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16. Celis JE, Gromova I, Cabezón T, Gromov P, Shen T, Timmermans-Wielenga V, Rank F, Moreira JM: Identification of a subset of breast carcinomas characterized by expression of cytokeratin 15: relationship between CK15+ progenitor/amplified cells and pre-malignant lesions and invasive disease. Mol Oncol; 2007 Dec;1(3):321-49
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  • Recently, we presented evidence--based on the analysis of benign hyperproliferative lesions of the breast--for the presence of cells that express the stem cell marker cytokeratin (CK) 15 in combination with CK19, a protein widely expressed by mammary epithelial cells.
  • The remaining tumor was mainly composed of cells expressing both CK15 and CK19 (CK15+/CK19+), but it also contained invasive areas with cells expressing only one of these makers (CK15+/CK19- and CK15-/CK19+ cells).
  • To address the relationship between putative luminal progenitor/amplified CK15+ cells and malignant disease, and to determine whether cells/lesions lose expression of CK15 as a result of tumour initiation and/or progression, we searched among our sample set for carcinomas in which invasive tumor areas co-existed with non-malignant cells and hyperproliferative and known pre-malignant lesions.
  • Only one such tumour was found (T71), a CK15-/CK19+/p53+ carcinoma that contained p53 negative non-malignant epithelial cells exhibiting a variety of, CK15/CK19 cellular phenotypes (CK15+/CK19+; CK15+/CK19-; CK15-/CK19+; CK15-/CK19-), often associated with simple columnar cells.
  • [MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Carcinoma / genetics. Carcinoma / metabolism. Carcinoma / pathology. Female. Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Direct. Humans. Immunohistochemistry. Middle Aged. Neoplasm Invasiveness



17. Woenckhaus M, Grepmeier U, Werner B, Schulz C, Rockmann F, Wild PJ, Röckelein G, Blaszyk H, Schuierer M, Hofstaedter F, Hartmann A, Dietmaier W: Microsatellite analysis of pleural supernatants could increase sensitivity of pleural fluid cytology. J Mol Diagn; 2005 Oct;7(4):517-24
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  • A common diagnostic problem lies in distinguishing malignant from benign pleural effusions using routine cytological evaluation.
  • We studied pleural fluid samples obtained from 14 patients with histologically confirmed malignancy and from 6 patients with benign pleural effusions using 12 microsatellite markers from 8 different chromosomal regions.
  • Microsatellite analyses of pleural fluid supernatants showed genetic alterations in tumor patients only.
  • [MeSH-minor] Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Female. Genetic Markers / genetics. Humans. Loss of Heterozygosity / genetics. Male. Middle Aged. Neoplasms / diagnosis. Neoplasms / genetics. Neoplasms / pathology. Sensitivity and Specificity

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  • (PMID = 16237222.001).
  • [ISSN] 1525-1578
  • [Journal-full-title] The Journal of molecular diagnostics : JMD
  • [ISO-abbreviation] J Mol Diagn
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • [Publication-country] United States
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Genetic Markers
  • [Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC1888495
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18. Bistulfi G, Vandette E, Matsui S, Smiraglia DJ: Mild folate deficiency induces genetic and epigenetic instability and phenotype changes in prostate cancer cells. BMC Biol; 2010 Jan 21;8:6
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  • RESULTS: We studied the consequences of long-term, mild folate depletion in a model comprised of three syngenic cell lines derived from the transgenic adenoma of the mouse prostate (TRAMP) model, recapitulating different stages of prostate cancer; benign, transformed and metastatic.

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  • (PMID = 20092614.001).
  • [ISSN] 1741-7007
  • [Journal-full-title] BMC biology
  • [ISO-abbreviation] BMC Biol.
  • [Language] ENG
  • [Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / P30 CA016056; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R21 CA131646; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA016056; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R21 CA121216
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • [Publication-country] England
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 6R795CQT4H / 5-Methylcytosine
  • [Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2845099
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19. Bereman MS, Williams TI, Muddiman DC: Development of a nanoLC LTQ orbitrap mass spectrometric method for profiling glycans derived from plasma from healthy, benign tumor control, and epithelial ovarian cancer patients. Anal Chem; 2009 Feb 1;81(3):1130-6
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  • [Title] Development of a nanoLC LTQ orbitrap mass spectrometric method for profiling glycans derived from plasma from healthy, benign tumor control, and epithelial ovarian cancer patients.
  • In addition, data are compared among samples derived from 10 healthy controls, 10 controls with a differential diagnosis of benign gynecologic tumors, and 10 diseased epithelial ovarian cancer patients (EOC).
  • However, these same glycans provided a significantly less diagnostic value when used to differentiate EOC from benign tumor control samples with an area under the curve of 0.73.
  • [MeSH-major] Biomarkers, Tumor / blood. Carcinoma / diagnosis. Chromatography, Liquid / methods. Glycoproteins / blood. Ovarian Neoplasms / diagnosis. Polysaccharides / blood. Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization / methods
  • [MeSH-minor] Female. Genital Neoplasms, Female / chemistry. Genital Neoplasms, Female / diagnosis. Humans. Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions. Lectins / blood. Lectins / chemistry. Male. ROC Curve

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  • (PMID = 19113831.001).
  • [ISSN] 1520-6882
  • [Journal-full-title] Analytical chemistry
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Anal. Chem.
  • [Language] eng
  • [Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R33 CA105295; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R33 CA105295
  • [Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • [Publication-country] United States
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / Glycoproteins; 0 / Lectins; 0 / Polysaccharides; 0 / fucose-binding lectin
  • [Other-IDs] NLM/ NIHMS496567; NLM/ PMC3739471
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20. Zon G, Barker MA, Kaur P, Groshen S, Jones LW, Imam SA, Boyd VL: Formamide as a denaturant for bisulfite conversion of genomic DNA: Bisulfite sequencing of the GSTPi and RARbeta2 genes of 43 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded prostate cancer specimens. Anal Biochem; 2009 Sep 15;392(2):117-25
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  • Detection of methylated GSTPi and RARbeta2 genes was significantly associated with primary prostate cancer as compared with the benign prostate (Fisher's exact test, P < 0.001).
  • [MeSH-major] DNA, Neoplasm / chemistry. Formamides / pharmacology. Genome, Human. Glutathione S-Transferase pi / genetics. Prostatic Neoplasms / genetics. Receptors, Retinoic Acid / genetics. Sequence Analysis, DNA / methods
  • [MeSH-minor] Base Sequence. Biomarkers, Tumor / genetics. Biopsy. DNA Methylation. Formaldehyde. Humans. Male. Molecular Sequence Data. Nucleic Acid Denaturation / drug effects. Paraffin Embedding. Sulfites



41. Karanikolas BD, Figueiredo ML, Wu L: Polycomb group protein enhancer of zeste 2 is an oncogene that promotes the neoplastic transformation of a benign prostatic epithelial cell line. Mol Cancer Res; 2009 Sep;7(9):1456-65
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  • [Title] Polycomb group protein enhancer of zeste 2 is an oncogene that promotes the neoplastic transformation of a benign prostatic epithelial cell line.
  • Although this correlation means EZH2 could prove valuable as a biomarker in clinical settings, the question remains whether EZH2 is actually responsible for the initiation of these more aggressive tumor types.
  • In this study, EZH2-mediated neoplastic transformation of the normal prostate epithelial cell line benign prostate hyperplasia 1 (BPH1) was confirmed by in vivo tumor growth and in vitro colony formation.

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  • (PMID = 19723877.001).
  • [ISSN] 1557-3125
  • [Journal-full-title] Molecular cancer research : MCR
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Mol. Cancer Res.
  • [Language] ENG
  • [Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / P50 CA092131-08; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / P50 CA092131; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / P30 CA016042; United States / NIAID NIH HHS / AI / P30 AI028697; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA101904-07; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA101904; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA101904-07
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • [Publication-country] United States
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / DNA-Binding Proteins; 0 / Transcription Factors; 147336-22-9 / Green Fluorescent Proteins; EC 2.1.1.- / Protein Methyltransferases; EC 2.1.1.43 / EZH2 protein, human; EC 2.1.1.43 / Polycomb Repressive Complex 2; EC 2.7.11.1 / Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
  • [Other-IDs] NLM/ NIHMS159142; NLM/ PMC2794652
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42. Herrera Espiñeira C, Fernández Valdivia J, López-Cuervo JE, Martínez Tapias J: Textural analysis in the diagnosis of benign and malignant breast cells. Anal Quant Cytol Histol; 2007 Dec;29(6):365-9
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  • [Title] Textural analysis in the diagnosis of benign and malignant breast cells.
  • OBJECTIVE: To study the discriminatory capacity of textural variables to classify the nuclei of breast tumor cells as benign or malignant, using a statistical approach.
  • The sample comprised 95 cases of malignant lesions and 47 cases of benign lesions (approximately 25 nuclei per case), and 27 textural variables were measured.
  • RESULTS: The variance in gray levels was the most decisive variable in the CART analysis, correctly classifying 57% and 97% of benign and malignant cases, respectively.
  • Discriminant analysis yielded the best results, correctly classifying 79% and 85% of benign and malignant cases, respectively.

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  • (PMID = 18225392.001).
  • [ISSN] 0884-6812
  • [Journal-full-title] Analytical and quantitative cytology and histology
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Anal. Quant. Cytol. Histol.
  • [Language] ENG
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • [Publication-country] United States
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43. Koebrugge B, Bosscha K, Ernst MF: Transanal endoscopic microsurgery for local excision of rectal lesions: is there a learning curve? Dig Surg; 2009;26(5):372-7
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  • BACKGROUND: Transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) is a minimally invasive technique for the local resection of benign and stage T1 rectal lesions in selected patients, associated with lower morbidity and mortality rates than open surgery.
  • Median distance of the lesion from the anal verge was 7.0 cm; median operating time was 90 min.
  • Postoperative staging revealed 77 tubulovillous adenomas, 22 stage T1, 5 stage T2 and 1 stage T3 carcinomas; tumor resection was radical in 86%.
  • TEM remains the treatment of choice for benign lesions and stage T1 rectal carcinomas in selected patients.
  • [MeSH-minor] Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Female. Humans. Length of Stay. Male. Middle Aged. Neoplasm Recurrence, Local. Neoplasm Staging. Prospective Studies. Time Factors. Treatment Outcome

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  • [Copyright] (c) 2009 S. Karger AG, Basel.
  • (PMID = 19923824.001).
  • [ISSN] 1421-9883
  • [Journal-full-title] Digestive surgery
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Dig Surg
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article
  • [Publication-country] Switzerland
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44. Shantaram M, Rao A, Aroor AR, Raja A, Rao S, Monteiro F: Assessment of total sialic acid and lipid-bound sialic acid in management of brain tumors. Ann Indian Acad Neurol; 2009 Jul;12(3):162-6
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  • BACKGROUND: Glycoconjugate molecules expressed at the plasma membrane of mammalian cells have been reported to be associated with tumor progression.
  • The measurement of total sialic acid (TSA) and lipid-bound sialic acid (LBSA) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is suggested to be useful for the diagnosis of brain tumors.
  • OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to check the feasibility of using serum glycoconjugates such as TSA and LBSA as tumor markers in brain tumor patients.
  • The LBSA fraction was isolated from the serum of 68 brain tumor patients and evaluated using phosphotungstic acid and resorcinol; follow-up study was done on 23 patients.
  • DISCUSSION: TSA and LBSA do not have the ability to discriminate between benign and malignant brain tumors.
  • TSA and LBSA appear to be tumor markers of very limited value in patients with brain tumors.

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  • [ISSN] 1998-3549
  • [Journal-full-title] Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Ann Indian Acad Neurol
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article
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  • [Keywords] NOTNLM ; Brain tumors / lipid-bound sialic acid / total sialic acid / tumor markers
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45. Nese N, Kandiloglu AR, Simsek G, Lekili M, Ozdamar A, Catalkaya A, Coskun T: Comparison of the desmoplastic reaction and invading ability in invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast and prostatic adenocarcinoma based on the expression of heat shock protein 47 and fascin. Anal Quant Cytol Histol; 2010 Apr;32(2):90-101
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  • RESULTS: HSP47 and fascin were localized to cytoplasm, and HSP47 and fascin IR were higher in IDC and PCa than benign groups (p < 0.05).
  • Fascin expression correlated with estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor negativity, tumor size and stage in IDC and surgical margin status in PCa.
  • Although there is no relationship with recurrence or metastatic status, fascin overexpression correlated with tumor size, which may prompt its use as a prognostic factor in IDC.



46. Prasad NB, Somervell H, Tufano RP, Dackiw AP, Marohn MR, Califano JA, Wang Y, Westra WH, Clark DP, Umbricht CB, Libutti SK, Zeiger MA: Identification of genes differentially expressed in benign versus malignant thyroid tumors. Clin Cancer Res; 2008 Jun 1;14(11):3327-37
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  • [Title] Identification of genes differentially expressed in benign versus malignant thyroid tumors.
  • PURPOSE: Although fine-needle aspiration biopsy is the most useful diagnostic tool in evaluating a thyroid nodule, preoperative diagnosis of thyroid nodules is frequently imprecise, with up to 30% of fine-needle aspiration biopsy cytology samples reported as "suspicious" or "indeterminate."
  • EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: In an attempt to identify diagnostic markers for the preoperative distinction of these lesions, we chose to study by microarray analysis the eight different thyroid tumor subtypes that can present a diagnostic challenge to the clinician.
  • RESULTS: Our microarray-based analysis of 94 thyroid tumors identified 75 genes that are differentially expressed between benign and malignant tumor subtypes.
  • Of these, 33 were overexpressed and 42 were underexpressed in malignant compared with benign thyroid tumors.
  • CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that these 12 genes could be useful in the development of a panel of markers to differentiate benign from malignant tumors and thus serve as an important first step in solving the clinical problem associated with suspicious thyroid lesions.

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  • (PMID = 18519760.001).
  • [ISSN] 1078-0432
  • [Journal-full-title] Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Clin. Cancer Res.
  • [Language] ENG
  • [Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA107247-01A1; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA107247-05; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA107247-01A1; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA107247; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01-CA107247-01A1; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA107247-05
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • [Publication-country] United States
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor
  • [Other-IDs] NLM/ NIHMS282977; NLM/ PMC3086681
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47. Bellezza I, Neuwirt H, Nemes C, Cavarretta IT, Puhr M, Steiner H, Minelli A, Bartsch G, Offner F, Hobisch A, Doppler W, Culig Z: Suppressor of cytokine signaling-3 antagonizes cAMP effects on proliferation and apoptosis and is expressed in human prostate cancer. Am J Pathol; 2006 Dec;169(6):2199-208
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  • To better understand the mechanisms of STAT3 regulation in benign and malignant prostate, we have investigated the role of suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS)-3.
  • SOCS-3 immunohistochemistry revealed a negative or weak reaction in benign areas, whereas its expression was detected in tumor tissue.
  • [MeSH-minor] Apoptosis. Cell Line, Tumor. Cell Proliferation. Humans. Interleukin-3 / metabolism. Janus Kinases / metabolism. Male. Methylation. RNA, Small Interfering. STAT3 Transcription Factor / metabolism. Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 3 Protein. Transfection. Up-Regulation

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  • (PMID = 17148681.001).
  • [ISSN] 0002-9440
  • [Journal-full-title] The American journal of pathology
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Am. J. Pathol.
  • [Language] eng
  • [Grant] Austria / Austrian Science Fund FWF / / W 1101
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • [Publication-country] United States
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Interleukin-3; 0 / RNA, Small Interfering; 0 / SOCS3 protein, human; 0 / STAT3 Transcription Factor; 0 / STAT3 protein, human; 0 / Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 3 Protein; 0 / Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling Proteins; E0399OZS9N / Cyclic AMP; EC 2.7.10.2 / Janus Kinases
  • [Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC1762483
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48. Versa-Ostojić D, Stanković T, Stemberger-Papić S, Vrdoljak-Mozetic D, Manestar M, Krasević M: Nuclear morphometry and AgNOR quantification: computerized image analysis on ovarian mucinous tumor imprints. Anal Quant Cytol Histol; 2008 Jun;30(3):160-8
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  • [Title] Nuclear morphometry and AgNOR quantification: computerized image analysis on ovarian mucinous tumor imprints.
  • OBJECTIVE: To determine the morphometric characteristics of nuclei and silver-stained nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs) on cytologic imprints and their value in differential cytodiagnosis of benign, atypical proliferative (borderline) and malignant ovarian mucinous tumors.
  • STUDY DESIGN: Forty-six mucinous ovarian tumor imprints (16 benign, 15 borderline, 15 malignant), were analyzed.
  • The nuclear area in benign tumors was larger than that in borderline tumors; malignant tumors had the highest values.
  • The total AgNOR area, number and relative area increased from benign through malignant tumors, with statistically significant differences among all groups.
  • By AgNOR size distribution, small AgNORs discriminate malignant from borderline and benign tumors.

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  • (PMID = 18630841.001).
  • [ISSN] 0884-6812
  • [Journal-full-title] Analytical and quantitative cytology and histology
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Anal. Quant. Cytol. Histol.
  • [Language] ENG
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article
  • [Publication-country] United States
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antigens, Nuclear; 0 / nucleolar organizer region associated proteins
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49. Atallah S, Albert M, Larach S: Transanal minimally invasive surgery: a giant leap forward. Surg Endosc; 2010 Sep;24(9):2200-5
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  • We report the clinical application of this technique and present preliminary data that show TAMIS to be an effective tool for resection of both malignant and benign lesions of the rectum.
  • Patients with biopsy-proven malignant lesions were required to undergo endorectal ultrasound preoperatively to determine tumor stage.
  • To perform TAMIS, a single-incision laparoscopic surgery port (SILS Port, Covidien) is introduced into the anal canal by applying steady manual pressure.
  • The average distance from the anal verge was 9.3 cm and the mean tumor diameter confirmed by pathology measured 2.93 cm.
  • [MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Anal Canal. Biopsy. Endosonography. Female. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures. Neoplasm Staging. Treatment Outcome

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  • (PMID = 20174935.001).
  • [ISSN] 1432-2218
  • [Journal-full-title] Surgical endoscopy
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Surg Endosc
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article
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50. Voss M, Trojan L, Steidler A, Weiss C, Grobholz R, Alken P, Michel MS: Serum vascular endothelial growth factor C level in patients with prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia. Anal Quant Cytol Histol; 2008 Aug;30(4):199-202
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  • [Title] Serum vascular endothelial growth factor C level in patients with prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia.
  • OBJECTIVE: To compare serum vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) levels in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PCa) and analyze VEGF-C levels in relation to clinicopathologic parameters.
  • There was no correlation of VEGF-C to tumor stage, grading or the preoperative prostate-specific antigen values.
  • CONCLUSION: We cannot recommend VEGF-C serum level as a marker for tumor growth in PCa.



51. Ulisse S, Baldini E, Toller M, Delcros JG, Guého A, Curcio F, De Antoni E, Giacomelli L, Ambesi-Impiombato FS, Bocchini S, D'Armiento M, Arlot-Bonnemains Y: Transforming acidic coiled-coil 3 and Aurora-A interact in human thyrocytes and their expression is deregulated in thyroid cancer tissues. Endocr Relat Cancer; 2007 Sep;14(3):827-37
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  • Its expression was found, with respect to HTU5 cells, unchanged in cells derived from a benign thyroid follicular tumor (HTU42), and significantly reduced in cell lines derived from follicular (FTC-133), papillary (B-CPAP), and anaplastic thyroid carcinomas (CAL-62 and 8305C).

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  • (PMID = 17914111.001).
  • [ISSN] 1351-0088
  • [Journal-full-title] Endocrine-related cancer
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Endocr. Relat. Cancer
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • [Publication-country] England
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Microtubule-Associated Proteins; 0 / Piperazines; 0 / TACC3 protein, human; 639089-54-6 / VX680; EC 2.7.11.1 / Aurora Kinases; EC 2.7.11.1 / Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases
  • [Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2216418
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52. Roy S, Josephson SA, Fridlyand J, Karch J, Kadoch C, Karrim J, Damon L, Treseler P, Kunwar S, Shuman MA, Jones T, Becker CH, Schulman H, Rubenstein JL: Protein biomarker identification in the CSF of patients with CNS lymphoma. J Clin Oncol; 2008 Jan 1;26(1):96-105
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  • We tested the hypothesis that individual CSF proteins distinguish CNS lymphoma from benign focal brain lesions.
  • ATIII RNA transcripts were identified within CNS lymphomas, and ATIII protein was localized selectively to tumor neovasculature.
  • We propose that the discovery of CSF protein biomarkers will facilitate early and noninvasive diagnosis in patients with lesions not amenable to brain biopsy, as well as provide improved surrogates of prognosis and treatment response in CNS lymphoma and brain metastasis.
  • [MeSH-major] Biomarkers, Tumor / cerebrospinal fluid. Brain Neoplasms / cerebrospinal fluid. Lymphoma / cerebrospinal fluid. Neoplasm Proteins / cerebrospinal fluid
  • [MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Antithrombin III / genetics. Antithrombin III / metabolism. Case-Control Studies. Chromatography, Liquid. Diagnosis, Differential. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay. Female. Humans. Immunoblotting. Immunoenzyme Techniques. Leukemia, Myeloid / cerebrospinal fluid. Leukemia, Myeloid / pathology. Lymphoma, B-Cell / cerebrospinal fluid. Lymphoma, B-Cell / pathology. Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone / cerebrospinal fluid. Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone / pathology. Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / cerebrospinal fluid. Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / pathology. Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / cerebrospinal fluid. Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / pathology. Male. Middle Aged. Proteomics. Sensitivity and Specificity. Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization. Survival Rate

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  • (PMID = 18056677.001).
  • [ISSN] 1527-7755
  • [Journal-full-title] Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology
  • [ISO-abbreviation] J. Clin. Oncol.
  • [Language] eng
  • [Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / K23 CA100291
  • [Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article
  • [Publication-country] United States
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / Neoplasm Proteins; 9000-94-6 / Antithrombin III
  • [Other-IDs] NLM/ NIHMS612770; NLM/ PMC4134101
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53. Yan BC, Gong C, Song J, Krausz T, Tretiakova M, Hyjek E, Al-Ahmadie H, Alves V, Xiao SY, Anders RA, Hart JA: Arginase-1: a new immunohistochemical marker of hepatocytes and hepatocellular neoplasms. Am J Surg Pathol; 2010 Aug;34(8):1147-54
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  • The distinction of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from metastatic tumor in the liver often presents a diagnostic challenge that carries significant impact on prognostication and therapy.
  • Arg-1 represents a sensitive and specific marker of benign and malignant hepatocytes that may ultimately prove to be a useful diagnostic tool in routine surgical pathology practice.
  • [MeSH-major] Arginase / analysis. Biomarkers, Tumor / analysis. Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / enzymology. Hepatocytes / enzymology. Immunohistochemistry. Liver Neoplasms / enzymology

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  • (PMID = 20661013.001).
  • [ISSN] 1532-0979
  • [Journal-full-title] The American journal of surgical pathology
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Am. J. Surg. Pathol.
  • [Language] eng
  • [Grant] United States / NIDDK NIH HHS / DK / R01 DK081417; United States / NIDDK NIH HHS / DK / R01 DK081417-01; United States / NIDDK NIH HHS / DK / R01 DK081417-02
  • [Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article
  • [Publication-country] United States
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; EC 3.5.3.1 / Arginase
  • [Other-IDs] NLM/ NIHMS316258; NLM/ PMC3160135
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54. Anand BS, Verstovsek G, Cole G: Tubulovillous adenoma of anal canal: a case report. World J Gastroenterol; 2006 Mar 21;12(11):1780-1
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  • [Title] Tubulovillous adenoma of anal canal: a case report.
  • Tumors arising from the anal canal are usually of epithelial origin and are mostly squamous cell carcinoma or basal cell carcinoma.
  • We present a case of benign anal adenomas arising from the anus, an extremely rare diagnosis.
  • Examination revealed a 4 cm friable mass attached to the anus by a stalk.
  • The squamocolumnar junction was visible at the edges of the lesion confirming the anal origin of the tumor.
  • We believe the tubulovillus adenoma arose from either an anal gland or its duct that opens into the anus.
  • [MeSH-major] Adenoma, Villous / diagnosis. Anus Neoplasms / diagnosis
  • [MeSH-minor] Aged. Anal Canal / pathology. Cell Transformation, Neoplastic. Humans. Male

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  • (PMID = 16586552.001).
  • [ISSN] 1007-9327
  • [Journal-full-title] World journal of gastroenterology
  • [ISO-abbreviation] World J. Gastroenterol.
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article
  • [Publication-country] China
  • [Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC4124358
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55. Ramirez JM, Aguilella V, Gracia JA, Ortego J, Escudero P, Valencia J, Esco R, Martinez M: Local full-thickness excision as first line treatment for sessile rectal adenomas: long-term results. Ann Surg; 2009 Feb;249(2):225-8
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  • The selection criteria were benign sessile adenomas below the peritoneal reflection.
  • In the study period, 173 patients were operated on for an apparently benign rectal adenoma.
  • The mean distance of lower tumor was 7.6 cm (range, 1-18 cm), and the mean distance to upper edge was 11 cm (2-20 cm).
  • No statistical differences were found when comparing the histologic findings by tumor size, distance to the anal verge, or location.In 10 (5.8%) cases, the dissection was considered uncompleted because of a normal mucosa margin smaller than 1 mm.
  • CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, a significant number of adenomas that we assumed preoperatively to be benign were already carcinomas and we were unable to find any reliable predictor to identify them.
  • [MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Anal Canal. Female. Humans. Male. Microsurgery. Middle Aged. Proctoscopy. Risk Factors. Young Adult

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  • (PMID = 19212174.001).
  • [ISSN] 1528-1140
  • [Journal-full-title] Annals of surgery
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Ann. Surg.
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • [Publication-country] United States
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56. Chen SP, Wang XP: Effect of Simotang oral liquid on anal exhaust in patients after abdominal gynecological operation. Chin J Integr Med; 2006 Sep;12(3):221-3
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  • [Title] Effect of Simotang oral liquid on anal exhaust in patients after abdominal gynecological operation.
  • OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of Simotang oral liquid and glycerin enema on the patients' bowel sound (BS) restoration and anal exhaust after abdominal gynecological operation.
  • METHOD: Ninety patients with benign tumor who had undergone gynecological operation were randomly divided into the Simotang group, treated after operation with Simotang oral liquid; the enema group, treated with glycerin enema, and the control group, non-treated.
  • The restoration time of BS and anal exhaust were observed.
  • RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the restoration time of BS and anus exhaust were both significantly shorter in the Simotang group and the enema group, showing statistical significance (P < 0.05); but the difference between the two treated groups was insignificant (P > 0.05).
  • CONCLUSION: Simotang oral liquid and glycerine enema both could benefit the restoration of anal exhaust and BS after abdominal operation.

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  • (PMID = 17005087.001).
  • [ISSN] 1672-0415
  • [Journal-full-title] Chinese journal of integrative medicine
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Chin J Integr Med
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial
  • [Publication-country] China
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Drugs, Chinese Herbal; PDC6A3C0OX / Glycerol
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57. Wibom C, Mörén L, Aarhus M, Knappskog PM, Lund-Johansen M, Antti H, Bergenheim AT: Proteomic profiles differ between bone invasive and noninvasive benign meningiomas of fibrous and meningothelial subtype. J Neurooncol; 2009 Sep;94(3):321-31
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  • [Title] Proteomic profiles differ between bone invasive and noninvasive benign meningiomas of fibrous and meningothelial subtype.
  • However, some tumors may, despite their benign appearance, display invasive growth behavior.
  • Tumor tissue from 13 patients with fibrous (6 invasive and 7 noninvasive) and 29 with meningothelial (10 invasive and 19 noninvasive) grade I meningiomas were analyzed by surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SELDI).
  • By analyzing the protein spectra in benign meningiomas we could differentiate between invasive and noninvasive growth behavior in both fibrous and meningothelial meningiomas of grade I.
  • [MeSH-major] Bone Neoplasms / metabolism. Bone Neoplasms / secondary. Meningeal Neoplasms / pathology. Meningioma / pathology. Neoplasm Invasiveness / pathology. Proteomics

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  • (PMID = 19350207.001).
  • [ISSN] 1573-7373
  • [Journal-full-title] Journal of neuro-oncology
  • [ISO-abbreviation] J. Neurooncol.
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • [Publication-country] United States
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58. Nattkemper TW, Wismüller A: Tumor feature visualization with unsupervised learning. Med Image Anal; 2005 Aug;9(4):344-51
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  • [Title] Tumor feature visualization with unsupervised learning.
  • Dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE MRI) is applied for diagnosis and therapy control of breast cancer.
  • Computer-based diagnosis (CAD) systems have been proposed to analyze and classify signal time curve data, extracted from hand selected ROI in the DCE MRI data.
  • In this paper, we apply the self-organizing map (SOM) to a set of time curve feature vectors of single voxels from seven benign lesions and seven malignant tumors.
  • Using the trained SOM, we are able to identify voxels with benign or malignant signal characteristics and to visualize lesion cross-sections with pseudo-colors.
  • [MeSH-minor] Contrast Media. Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted. Female. Gadolinium DTPA. Humans



59. Cho SD, Herzig DO, Douthit MA, Deveney KE: Treatment strategies and outcomes for rectal villous adenoma from a single-center experience. Arch Surg; 2008 Sep;143(9):866-70; discussion 871-2
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  • DESIGN: Retrospective review of patient and tumor characteristics, procedure, recurrence, and complications.
  • Mean tumor size was 3.0 cm (range, 0.5-11 cm) and the mean distance of the tumor from the anal verge was 4.9 cm (range, 0-10 cm).
  • Tumor size did not correlate with malignancy.
  • There were 4 (12.5%) benign recurrences, all after transanal excisions.
  • [MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Biopsy. Endosonography. Female. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / epidemiology. Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / pathology. Retrospective Studies

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  • (PMID = 18794424.001).
  • [ISSN] 1538-3644
  • [Journal-full-title] Archives of surgery (Chicago, Ill. : 1960)
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Arch Surg
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article
  • [Publication-country] United States
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60. Zhang S, Gao F, Chen LS, Tang ZJ, Liang JL, Wu Q: [Clinical analysis of anorectal malignant melanoma]. Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi; 2005 Jul;8(4):309-11
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  • The onset of symptom was hematochezia, then anus prolapses.
  • 94.7% of patients had AMM within 5 cm from anus margin; the average tumor size was (3.3+/- 2.1) cm.
  • More than a half (54.5%) of the tumor was movable, 19.1% smooth surfaced, 6.6% soft textured.
  • Half of the patients were misdiagnosed,and over 50% of patients were misdiagnosed as benign disease.
  • Mile's operation was performed in most of patients (63%), while anal resection was performed in 30% of the patients.
  • [MeSH-major] Anus Neoplasms / pathology. Melanoma / pathology. Rectal Neoplasms / pathology

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  • (PMID = 16167248.001).
  • [ISSN] 1671-0274
  • [Journal-full-title] Zhonghua wei chang wai ke za zhi = Chinese journal of gastrointestinal surgery
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi
  • [Language] chi
  • [Publication-type] English Abstract; Journal Article
  • [Publication-country] China
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61. Skvortsova TE, Rykova EY, Tamkovich SN, Bryzgunova OE, Starikov AV, Kuznetsova NP, Vlassov VV, Laktionov PP: Cell-free and cell-bound circulating DNA in breast tumours: DNA quantification and analysis of tumour-related gene methylation. Br J Cancer; 2006 May 22;94(10):1492-5
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  • [Title] Cell-free and cell-bound circulating DNA in breast tumours: DNA quantification and analysis of tumour-related gene methylation.
  • Tumour development is characterised by the increased circulating DNA (cirDNA) concentration and by tumour-related changes in blood plasma DNA.
  • Tumour development was shown to lead to significant changes in the distribution of cirDNA between cell-free and cell-surface-bound fractions.
  • Analysis of RARbeta2 and RASSF1A methylation in the total cirDNA provides 95% diagnostic coverage in breast cancer patients, 60% in patients with benign lesions, and is without false-positive results in healthy women.
  • Results of the study indicate that methylation-specific PCR of RARbeta2 and RASSF1A genes based on the total cirDNA combined with the quantitative analysis of cirDNA distribution between cell-bound and cell-free fractions in blood provide the sensitive and accurate detection and discrimination of malignant and benign breast tumours.
  • [MeSH-major] Breast Neoplasms / blood. DNA Methylation. DNA, Neoplasm / blood. DNA-Binding Proteins / genetics. Fibroadenoma / blood. Receptors, Retinoic Acid / genetics. Transcription Factors / genetics. Tumor Suppressor Proteins / genetics

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  • (PMID = 16641902.001).
  • [ISSN] 0007-0920
  • [Journal-full-title] British journal of cancer
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Br. J. Cancer
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article
  • [Publication-country] England
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / DNA, Neoplasm; 0 / DNA-Binding Proteins; 0 / HIC1 protein, human; 0 / Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors; 0 / RASSF1 protein, human; 0 / Receptors, Retinoic Acid; 0 / Transcription Factors; 0 / Tumor Suppressor Proteins; 0 / retinoic acid receptor beta
  • [Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2361269
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62. Nordgård O, Oltedal S, Kørner H, Aasprong OG, Tjensvoll K, Gilje B, Heikkilä R: The potential of cytokeratin 20 and mucin 2 mRNA as metastasis markers in regional lymph nodes of colon cancer patients investigated by quantitative RT-PCR. Int J Colorectal Dis; 2009 Mar;24(3):261-8
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  • RESULTS: Both assays were able to detect dilutions of tumor cells down to one tumor cell in 10(6) normal lymphocytes.
  • CK20 and MUC2 mRNA were quantitated in 52 normal lymph nodes from 12 patients undergoing surgery for benign bowel diseases and in 144 primary colon tumors.
  • The median tumor level of both markers were more than 10(4)-fold higher than the highest level in normal lymph nodes, indicating that the markers had a potential for metastasis detection in a clinical context.
  • [MeSH-major] Biomarkers, Tumor / genetics. Colonic Neoplasms / genetics. Colonic Neoplasms / pathology. Keratin-20 / genetics. Lymph Nodes / pathology. Mucin-2 / genetics. Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • [MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Cell Line, Tumor. Female. Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic. Humans. Lymphatic Metastasis. Lymphocytes / metabolism. Male. Middle Aged. RNA, Messenger / genetics. RNA, Messenger / metabolism

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  • (PMID = 19119477.001).
  • [ISSN] 1432-1262
  • [Journal-full-title] International journal of colorectal disease
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Int J Colorectal Dis
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • [Publication-country] Germany
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63. Liu J, Lau SK, Varma VA, Kairdolf BA, Nie S: Multiplexed detection and characterization of rare tumor cells in Hodgkin's lymphoma with multicolor quantum dots. Anal Chem; 2010 Jul 15;82(14):6237-43
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  • [Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  • [Title] Multiplexed detection and characterization of rare tumor cells in Hodgkin's lymphoma with multicolor quantum dots.
  • Here, we report the use of multiplexed QDs and wavelength-resolved imaging to detect and characterize a class of low-abundant tumor cells in Hodgkin's lymphoma.
  • Known as the Hodgkin's and Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells, this class of malignant cells is a pathological hallmark in clinical diagnosis, but it comprises only about 1% of the heterogeneous infiltrating cells in lymph node tissues.
  • The results indicate that a distinct QD staining pattern (CD15 positive, CD30 positive, CD45 negative, and Pax5 positive) can be used to not only detect Hodgkin's lymphoma but also differentiate it from benign lymphoid hyperplasia.

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  • (PMID = 20565106.001).
  • [ISSN] 1520-6882
  • [Journal-full-title] Analytical chemistry
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Anal. Chem.
  • [Language] ENG
  • [Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA108468; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA119338-01; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U54CA119338; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U54 CA119338; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA108468-01; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA108468-01; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01CA108468; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U54 CA119338-01
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • [Publication-country] United States
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antibodies; 0 / Biomarkers
  • [Other-IDs] NLM/ NIHMS220487; NLM/ PMC2914471
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64. Bearzi I, Mandolesi A, Arduini F, Costagliola A, Ranaldi R: Gastrointestinal stromal tumor. A study of 158 cases: clinicopathological features and prognostic factors. Anal Quant Cytol Histol; 2006 Jun;28(3):137-47
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  • [Title] Gastrointestinal stromal tumor. A study of 158 cases: clinicopathological features and prognostic factors.
  • RESULTS: Most of the GISTs had a benign behavior.
  • CONCLUSION: Mitotic activity is important in predicting the outcome of patients with high risk GIST who present at diagnosis without dissemination.

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  • (PMID = 16786723.001).
  • [ISSN] 0884-6812
  • [Journal-full-title] Analytical and quantitative cytology and histology
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Anal. Quant. Cytol. Histol.
  • [Language] ENG
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • [Publication-country] United States
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antineoplastic Agents; 0 / Benzamides; 0 / Piperazines; 0 / Pyrimidines; 8A1O1M485B / Imatinib Mesylate; EC 2.7.10.1 / Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit
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66. Driemel O, Kunkel M, Hullmann M, Kleinsasser N, Staudenmaier R, Müller-Richter U, Reichert TE, Kosmehl H: [Performance of conventional oral brush biopsies]. HNO; 2008 Feb;56(2):205-10
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  • Cytological assessment used well-established criteria of atypia to classify the specimen as either "tumor negative" (no signs of atypia, no malignant cells) or "tumor positive" (malignant cells, any sign of atypia or doubtful cells).
  • RESULTS: Despite a sufficient number of cells, a definite cytological diagnosis could not be established in six cases.
  • According to the criteria specified above, these specimens were classified as "tumor positive."
  • Seven out of 107 benign lesions were classified as false positive (specificity 93%).
  • However, oral brush biopsy provides a versatile back-up strategy to uncover the true nature of the disease if a lesion is clinically considered benign by mistake.

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  • (PMID = 18214406.001).
  • [ISSN] 1433-0458
  • [Journal-full-title] HNO
  • [ISO-abbreviation] HNO
  • [Language] ger
  • [Publication-type] English Abstract; Evaluation Studies; Journal Article
  • [Publication-country] Germany
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67. Seman M, Bretagnol F, Guedj N, Maggiori L, Ferron M, Panis Y: Transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) for rectal tumor: the first French single-center experience. Gastroenterol Clin Biol; 2010 Sep;34(8-9):488-93
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  • [Title] Transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) for rectal tumor: the first French single-center experience.
  • OBJECTIVE: Transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) allows complete local excision of rectal tumor, especially in the middle and upper part of the rectum, and provides an alternative to conventional surgery.
  • This is a report of the first French single-center experience to assess the feasibility and postoperative results for rectal tumor excised by TEM.
  • The median distance from the anal verge was 60mm (range: 10-140).
  • CONCLUSION: TEM is a safe and effective procedure with low morbidity for local rectal tumor resection.
  • It allows local excision of benign tumors, especially those that are inaccessible to conventional local surgery resection, thereby avoiding radical surgery.

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  • [Copyright] Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
  • (PMID = 20621428.001).
  • [ISSN] 0399-8320
  • [Journal-full-title] Gastroentérologie clinique et biologique
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Gastroenterol. Clin. Biol.
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article
  • [Publication-country] France
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68. Piert M, Park H, Khan A, Siddiqui J, Hussain H, Chenevert T, Wood D, Johnson T, Shah RB, Meyer C: Detection of aggressive primary prostate cancer with 11C-choline PET/CT using multimodality fusion techniques. J Nucl Med; 2009 Oct;50(10):1585-93
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  • Volumes of interest from tumor and benign tissue were defined on the basis of histology and were transferred into coregistered (11)C-choline PET/CT volumes to calculate the mean (T((mean))/B) and maximum (T((max))/B) ratio of tumor to benign prostate background.
  • On the basis of MIB-1/Ki-67 expression in tumor tissues represented on a tissue microarray, we assessed whether (11)C-choline uptake correlated with local Gleason score and tumor proliferation.
  • RESULTS: Histology confirmed 42 tumor nodules with Gleason scores between 3 + 2 and 4 + 4, with volumes ranging from 0.03 to 12.6 cm(3).
  • CONCLUSION: On the basis of our preliminary data using ratios of tumor to benign prostate background, (11)C-choline preferentially identified aggressive primary prostate cancer.
  • [MeSH-major] Choline / chemistry. Positron-Emission Tomography / methods. Prostatic Neoplasms / diagnosis. Prostatic Neoplasms / pathology. Tomography, X-Ray Computed / methods
  • [MeSH-minor] Aged. Algorithms. Biomarkers, Tumor / metabolism. Carbon Radioisotopes / chemistry. Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic. Humans. Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Male. Middle Aged. Prostatectomy

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  • (PMID = 19759109.001).
  • [ISSN] 1535-5667
  • [Journal-full-title] Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine
  • [ISO-abbreviation] J. Nucl. Med.
  • [Language] eng
  • [Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / P50 CA069568; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / P50 CA069568; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / P50 CA069568-10
  • [Publication-type] Clinical Trial; Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • [Publication-country] United States
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / Carbon Radioisotopes; N91BDP6H0X / Choline
  • [Other-IDs] NLM/ NIHMS170399; NLM/ PMC2837847
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69. Zheng ZM, Baker CC: Papillomavirus genome structure, expression, and post-transcriptional regulation. Front Biosci; 2006 Sep 01;11:2286-302
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  • Papillomaviruses are a group of small non-enveloped DNA tumor viruses whose infection usually causes benign epithelial lesions (warts).
  • Certain types of HPVs, such as HPV-16, HPV-18, and HPV-31, have been recognized as causative agents of cervical cancer and anal cancer and their infections, which arise via sexual transmission, are associated with more than 95% of cervical cancer.

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  • (PMID = 16720315.001).
  • [ISSN] 1093-9946
  • [Journal-full-title] Frontiers in bioscience : a journal and virtual library
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Front. Biosci.
  • [Language] ENG
  • [Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / SC / Z01 SC010357-06; United States / Intramural NIH HHS / /
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural; Review
  • [Publication-country] United States
  • [Number-of-references] 152
  • [Other-IDs] NLM/ NIHMS8367; NLM/ PMC1472295
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70. Adley BP, Yang XJ: Application of alpha-methylacyl coenzyme A racemase immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis of prostate cancer: a review. Anal Quant Cytol Histol; 2006 Feb;28(1):1-13
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  • [Title] Application of alpha-methylacyl coenzyme A racemase immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis of prostate cancer: a review.
  • Since its discovery, AMACR has gained wide acceptance for use in the diagnosis of prostatic adenocarcinoma in conjunction with morphology and immunohistochemical staining for basal cell markers.
  • This review focuses on AMACR expression in prostate cancer and its morphologic variants, high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, adenosis and benign conditions of the prostate.

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  • (PMID = 16566275.001).
  • [ISSN] 0884-6812
  • [Journal-full-title] Analytical and quantitative cytology and histology
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Anal. Quant. Cytol. Histol.
  • [Language] ENG
  • [Publication-type] Evaluation Studies; Journal Article; Review
  • [Publication-country] United States
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; EC 5.1.- / Racemases and Epimerases; EC 5.1.99.4 / alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase
  • [Number-of-references] 63
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71. Venkatesh SK, Yin M, Glockner JF, Takahashi N, Araoz PA, Talwalkar JA, Ehman RL: MR elastography of liver tumors: preliminary results. AJR Am J Roentgenol; 2008 Jun;190(6):1534-40
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  • The tumors were identified on T2- and T1-weighted and gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted images, and the MRE images were obtained through the tumor.
  • The mean shear stiffness of the tumor was calculated with a manually specified region of interest over the tumor in the stiffness map.
  • The stiffness value of tumor-free hepatic parenchyma was calculated.
  • Statistical analysis was performed on the stiffness values for differentiation of normal liver, fibrotic liver, benign tumors, and malignant tumors.
  • RESULTS: Malignant liver tumors had significantly greater mean shear stiffness than benign tumors (10.1 kPa vs 2.7 kPa, p < 0.001), fibrotic liver (10.1 kPa vs 5.9 kPa, p < 0.001), and normal liver (10.1 kPa vs 2.3 kPa, p < 0.001).
  • Fibrotic livers had stiffness values overlapping both the benign and the malignant tumors.
  • A cutoff value of 5 kPa accurately differentiated malignant tumors from benign tumors and normal liver parenchyma in this preliminary investigation.
  • Use of MRE may lead to new quantitative tissue characterization parameters for differentiating benign and malignant liver tumors.

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  • (PMID = 18492904.001).
  • [ISSN] 1546-3141
  • [Journal-full-title] AJR. American journal of roentgenology
  • [ISO-abbreviation] AJR Am J Roentgenol
  • [Language] ENG
  • [Grant] United States / NIBIB NIH HHS / EB / EB001981-07; United States / NIBIB NIH HHS / EB / R01 EB001981-08; United States / NIBIB NIH HHS / EB / R01 EB001981; United States / NIBIB NIH HHS / EB / EB001981; United States / NIBIB NIH HHS / EB / R01 EB001981-07; United States / NIBIB NIH HHS / EB / EB001981-08
  • [Publication-type] Evaluation Studies; Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • [Publication-country] United States
  • [Other-IDs] NLM/ NIHMS196000; NLM/ PMC2894569
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72. Ye C, Shu XO, Wen W, Pierce L, Courtney R, Gao YT, Zheng W, Cai Q: Quantitative analysis of mitochondrial DNA 4977-bp deletion in sporadic breast cancer and benign breast diseases. Breast Cancer Res Treat; 2008 Apr;108(3):427-34
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  • [Title] Quantitative analysis of mitochondrial DNA 4977-bp deletion in sporadic breast cancer and benign breast diseases.
  • In this study, we developed a quantitative real-time PCR assay to assess the level of the DeltamtDNA(4977) mutation in tumor tissue samples from 55 primary breast cancer patients and 21 patients with benign breast disease (BBD).
  • The DeltamtDNA(4977) mutation levels were lower in tumor tissues than in adjacent normal tissues in both breast cancer and BBD subjects.
  • No significant difference between breast cancer and BBD patients was found in the DeltamtDNA(4977) mutation levels of tumor tissues and adjacent normal tissues.
  • The DeltamtDNA(4977) mutation levels were not significantly associated with clinicopathological characteristics (age, histology, tumor stage, and ER/PR status) in breast cancer or BBD patients.

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  • (PMID = 17541740.001).
  • [ISSN] 0167-6806
  • [Journal-full-title] Breast cancer research and treatment
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Breast Cancer Res. Treat.
  • [Language] ENG
  • [Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA064277; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA 064277
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
  • [Publication-country] Netherlands
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / DNA, Mitochondrial
  • [Other-IDs] NLM/ NIHMS526435; NLM/ PMC3836503
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73. Bernard JE, Butler MO, Sandweiss L, Weidner N: Anal intraepithelial neoplasia: correlation of grade with p16INK4a immunohistochemistry and HPV in situ hybridization. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol; 2008 May;16(3):215-20
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  • [Title] Anal intraepithelial neoplasia: correlation of grade with p16INK4a immunohistochemistry and HPV in situ hybridization.
  • Accurate diagnosis and grading of anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) can be problematic, especially in separating AIN from anal transitional-zone epithelium.
  • To investigate if p16 would help in more accurately diagnosing and grading AIN, particularly when attempting to distinguish benign transitional-zone epithelium from high-grade AIN, we separately assessed these stains in a blinded manner on a large number of consecutive anal biopsies and anal tissues and correlated the findings with the diagnosis and grade of AIN.
  • One hundred thirty-three consecutive anal tissue specimens, from 128 patients were studied.
  • One hundred and eight were anal biopsies and 25 were hemorrhoidectomy specimens.
  • We conclude that the correlation between AIN and p16 and HPV is strong enough to be quite useful in distinguishing true AIN from benign mimics, such as benign transitional-zone epithelium.

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  • (PMID = 18301250.001).
  • [ISSN] 1533-4058
  • [Journal-full-title] Applied immunohistochemistry & molecular morphology : AIMM
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol.
  • [Language] ENG
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article
  • [Publication-country] United States
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; 0 / DNA Probes, HPV
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74. Garcia EA, Simões K, Wakamatsu A, Ressio RA, Alves VA, Longatto-Filho A, Camargo RS: Lymphatic vessel density and VEGF-C expression are significantly different among benign and malignant thyroid lesions. Endocr Pathol; 2010 Jun;21(2):101-7
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  • [Title] Lymphatic vessel density and VEGF-C expression are significantly different among benign and malignant thyroid lesions.
  • Thyroid cancer is the most frequent endocrine neoplasia worldwide.
  • In order to evaluate the value of LVD in benign and malignant thyroid lesions, we analyzed 110 thyroidectomy specimens using D2-40, a specific marker for lymphatic vessels and vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C), the most potent molecule of lymphatic proliferation.
  • VEGF-C was more markedly expressed in malignancies than in benign lesions (p = 0.0001).
  • Almost all cancers with high positive VEGF-C expression also exhibited increased peritumoral LVD (p = 0.049) when compared with the benign lesions.
  • Indeed, the high peritumoral LVD of malignant thyroid lesions is an important finding for surgery planning and supports the practice of total thyroidectomy in malignant thyroid neoplasm's since the lymphatic peritumoral vessels definitely are an escape path for tumor cells.
  • [MeSH-major] Biomarkers, Tumor / analysis. Lymphatic Vessels / pathology. Thyroid Neoplasms / pathology. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C / biosynthesis

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  • (PMID = 20336393.001).
  • [ISSN] 1559-0097
  • [Journal-full-title] Endocrine pathology
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Endocr. Pathol.
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article
  • [Publication-country] United States
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antibodies, Monoclonal; 0 / Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C; 0 / monoclonal antibody D2-40
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75. Sharif AW, Williams HR, Lampejo T, Khan SA, Bansi DS, Westaby D, Thillainayagam AV, Thomas HC, Cox IJ, Taylor-Robinson SD: Metabolic profiling of bile in cholangiocarcinoma using in vitro magnetic resonance spectroscopy. HPB (Oxford); 2010 Aug;12(6):396-402
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  • The aim of this study was to compare the chemical composition of bile from patients with CCA with that of bile from patients with benign biliary disease.
  • METHODS: Magnetic resonance spectra were acquired from the bile of five CCA patients and compared with MRS of control bile from patients with benign biliary disease (seven with gallstones, eight with sphincter of Oddi dysfunction [SOD], five with primary sclerosing cholangitis [PSC]).
  • RESULTS: Univariate analysis showed that levels of glycine-conjugated bile acids were significantly increased in patients with CCA, compared with the benign disease groups (P= 0.002).
  • [MeSH-major] Bile / metabolism. Bile Duct Neoplasms / metabolism. Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic / metabolism. Biomarkers, Tumor / metabolism. Cholangiocarcinoma / metabolism. Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. Metabolomics / methods

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  • [Cites] Am J Gastroenterol. 2000 Jan;95(1):204-7 [10638584.001]
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  • (PMID = 20662790.001).
  • [ISSN] 1477-2574
  • [Journal-full-title] HPB : the official journal of the International Hepato Pancreato Biliary Association
  • [ISO-abbreviation] HPB (Oxford)
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • [Publication-country] England
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Bile Acids and Salts; 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / Phosphatidylcholines; TE7660XO1C / Glycine
  • [Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC3028580
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76. Nakao A, Takeda S, Nomoto S, Kanazumi N, Kasuya H, Sugimoto H, Fujii T, Yamada S: Pancreatic head resection with segmental duodenectomy for pancreatic neoplasms. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci; 2010 Nov;17(6):788-91
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  • BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: We have experienced 67 cases of pancreatic head resection with segmental duodenectomy (PHRSD) for benign or low-grade malignant tumor of the pancreatic head region.
  • In addition, by conserving the anterior inferior pancreatoduodenal artery, the third portion and anal side or the second portion of the duodenum are preserved with good arterial circulation.
  • [MeSH-minor] Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous / diagnosis. Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous / surgery. Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal / diagnosis. Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal / surgery. Choledochostomy / methods. Follow-Up Studies. Humans. Neoplasm Staging. Quality of Life. Retrospective Studies. Treatment Outcome

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  • (PMID = 19882374.001).
  • [ISSN] 1868-6982
  • [Journal-full-title] Journal of hepato-biliary-pancreatic sciences
  • [ISO-abbreviation] J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article
  • [Publication-country] Japan
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77. Chen R, Pan S, Duan X, Nelson BH, Sahota RA, de Rham S, Kozarek RA, McIntosh M, Brentnall TA: Elevated level of anterior gradient-2 in pancreatic juice from patients with pre-malignant pancreatic neoplasia. Mol Cancer; 2010 Jun 15;9:149
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  • [Title] Elevated level of anterior gradient-2 in pancreatic juice from patients with pre-malignant pancreatic neoplasia.
  • An ELISA assay was developed to evaluate AGR2 levels in 51 pancreatic juice samples and 23 serum samples from patients with pancreatic cancer, pre-malignant lesions (including PanIN3, PanIN2, Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms (IPMNs)) and benign disease controls (including chronic pancreatitis).
  • By ROC analysis, the AGR2 ELISA achieved 67% sensitivity at 90% specificity in predicting PanIN3 juice samples from the benign disease controls.

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  • (PMID = 20550709.001).
  • [ISSN] 1476-4598
  • [Journal-full-title] Molecular cancer
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Mol. Cancer
  • [Language] ENG
  • [Grant] United States / NIDDK NIH HHS / DK / R01DK081368; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA116296-02; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / K07 CA116296-02; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / K07 CA116296; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01CA107209; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / K07CA116296; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / K25CA137222
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • [Publication-country] England
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / Proteins; EC 5.3.4.1 / AGR2 protein, human
  • [Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2893103
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78. Jensen TR, Schmainda KM: Computer-aided detection of brain tumor invasion using multiparametric MRI. J Magn Reson Imaging; 2009 Sep;30(3):481-9
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  • [Title] Computer-aided detection of brain tumor invasion using multiparametric MRI.
  • PURPOSE: To determine the potential of using a computer-aided detection method to intelligently distinguish peritumoral edema alone from peritumor edema consisting of tumor using a combination of high-resolution morphological and physiological magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques available on most clinical MRI scanners.
  • Meningiomas are typically benign and have a clear delineation of tumor and edema.
  • Four classifiers of differing designs were trained using morphological, diffusion-weighted, and perfusion-weighted features derived from MRI to discriminate tumor and edema, tested on edematous regions surrounding tumors, and assessed for their ability to detect nonenhancing tumor invasion.
  • Each classifier was able to identify areas of nonenhancing tumor invasion supported with adjunct images or follow-up studies.
  • CONCLUSION: The combination of features derived from morphological and physiological imaging techniques contains the information necessary for computer-aided detection of tumor invasion and allows for the identification of tumor invasion not previously visualized on morphological, diffusion-weighted, and perfusion-weighted images and maps.

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  • (PMID = 19711398.001).
  • [ISSN] 1053-1807
  • [Journal-full-title] Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI
  • [ISO-abbreviation] J Magn Reson Imaging
  • [Language] ENG
  • [Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA028500; United States / NCRR NIH HHS / RR / M01 RR000058; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R21 CA109280; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA082500; United States / NCRR NIH HHS / RR / M01-RR00058; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R21 CA10928; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA082500-06
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • [Publication-country] United States
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Contrast Media; 84F6U3J2R6 / gadodiamide; K2I13DR72L / Gadolinium DTPA
  • [Other-IDs] NLM/ NIHMS185656; NLM/ PMC4321878
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79. Schmidt B, Liebenberg V, Dietrich D, Schlegel T, Kneip C, Seegebarth A, Flemming N, Seemann S, Distler J, Lewin J, Tetzner R, Weickmann S, Wille U, Liloglou T, Raji O, Walshaw M, Fleischhacker M, Witt C, Field JK: SHOX2 DNA methylation is a biomarker for the diagnosis of lung cancer based on bronchial aspirates. BMC Cancer; 2010;10:600
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  • [Title] SHOX2 DNA methylation is a biomarker for the diagnosis of lung cancer based on bronchial aspirates.
  • BACKGROUND: This study aimed to show that SHOX2 DNA methylation is a tumor marker in patients with suspected lung cancer by using bronchial fluid aspirated during bronchoscopy.
  • Such a biomarker would be clinically valuable, especially when, following the first bronchoscopy, a final diagnosis cannot be established by histology or cytology.
  • Fresh-frozen and Saccomanno-fixed samples were used to show the tumor marker performance in different sample types of clinical relevance.
  • DNA methylation of SHOX2 allowed to distinguish between malignant and benign lung disease, i.e. abscesses, infections, obstructive lung diseases, sarcoidosis, scleroderma, stenoses, at high specificity (68% sensitivity [95% CI 62-73%], 95% specificity [95% CI 91-97%]).
  • CONCLUSIONS: Hypermethylation of SHOX2 in bronchial aspirates appears to be a clinically useful tumor marker for identifying subjects with lung carcinoma, especially if histological and cytological findings after bronchoscopy are ambiguous.
  • [MeSH-major] Biomarkers, Tumor / metabolism. Bronchi / metabolism. Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic. Homeodomain Proteins / biosynthesis. Homeodomain Proteins / genetics. Lung Neoplasms / metabolism

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  • (PMID = 21047392.001).
  • [ISSN] 1471-2407
  • [Journal-full-title] BMC cancer
  • [ISO-abbreviation] BMC Cancer
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • [Publication-country] England
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / Homeodomain Proteins; 0 / SHOX2 protein, human
  • [Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2988753
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80. Ong SL, Sachdeva A, Garcea G, Gravante G, Metcalfe MS, Lloyd DM, Berry DP, Dennison AR: Elevation of carbohydrate antigen 19.9 in benign hepatobiliary conditions and its correlation with serum bilirubin concentration. Dig Dis Sci; 2008 Dec;53(12):3213-7
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  • [Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  • [Title] Elevation of carbohydrate antigen 19.9 in benign hepatobiliary conditions and its correlation with serum bilirubin concentration.
  • BACKGROUND: Carbohydrate antigen 19.9 (CA19.9), a tumor marker for malignancies of the hepatobiliary tract and pancreas, has frequently been shown to be deranged in a number of non-malignant conditions that are associated with jaundice.
  • This study aims to demonstrate the correlation between CA19.9 and serum bilirubin concentration in patients with benign conditions and to determine the frequency of a false-positive increase in CA19.9 in patients being investigated for potential HPB malignancies.
  • METHODS: This is a retrospective review of 83 consecutive patients presenting with an abnormal CA19.9 and radiological or clinical features suggestive of HPB malignancy subsequently shown to have benign disease.
  • All patients were thoroughly investigated and followed up until the diagnosis of malignancy could be safely excluded.
  • Adjusting CA19.9 according to bilirubin levels is likely to improve the specificity of this antigen in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant HPB diseases and its reliability in the monitoring of disease response to chemotherapy.
  • [MeSH-minor] Biomarkers / blood. Cholecystitis / blood. Cholecystitis / diagnosis. Diagnosis, Differential. Gallstones / blood. Gallstones / diagnosis. Humans. Hyperbilirubinemia / blood. Regression Analysis. Retrospective Studies. Sensitivity and Specificity

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  • (PMID = 18465243.001).
  • [ISSN] 0163-2116
  • [Journal-full-title] Digestive diseases and sciences
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Dig. Dis. Sci.
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article
  • [Publication-country] United States
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers; 0 / CA-19-9 Antigen; RFM9X3LJ49 / Bilirubin
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81. Qian W, Zhukov T, Song D, Tockman MS: Computerized analysis of cellular features and biomarkers for cytologic diagnosis of early lung cancer. Anal Quant Cytol Histol; 2007 Apr;29(2):103-11
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  • [Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  • [Title] Computerized analysis of cellular features and biomarkers for cytologic diagnosis of early lung cancer.
  • OBJECTIVE: To present a set of novel computerized analysis algorithms to construct a computer-aided cytologic diagnosis (CACD) system to differentiate lung cancer biomarkers and identify cancer cells in the tissue-based specimen images.
  • STUDY DESIGN: Molecular methods, including application of cancer-specific markers, may prove to be complementary to cytology diagnosis, especially when they are combined with CACD system for biomarker assessment.
  • CONCLUSION: The presented algorithms and CACD system for cellular feature enhancement, segmentation and classification are very important in distinguishing benign and malignant lesions.

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  • (PMID = 17484274.001).
  • [ISSN] 0884-6812
  • [Journal-full-title] Analytical and quantitative cytology and histology
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Anal. Quant. Cytol. Histol.
  • [Language] ENG
  • [Publication-type] Evaluation Studies; Journal Article
  • [Publication-country] United States
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor
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82. Takano S, Sogawa K, Yoshitomi H, Shida T, Mogushi K, Kimura F, Shimizu H, Yoshidome H, Ohtsuka M, Kato A, Ishihara T, Tanaka H, Yokosuka O, Nomura F, Miyazaki M: Increased circulating cell signalling phosphoproteins in sera are useful for the detection of pancreatic cancer. Br J Cancer; 2010 Jul 13;103(2):223-31
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  • [Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  • METHODS: We analysed the serum phosphoproteins that comprised cancer cellular signal pathways by comparing sera from PaCa patients and benign controls including healthy volunteers (HVs) and pancreatitis patients.
  • [MeSH-major] Biomarkers, Tumor / blood. Pancreatic Neoplasms / diagnosis. Phosphoproteins / blood. Signal Transduction

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  • (PMID = 20551957.001).
  • [ISSN] 1532-1827
  • [Journal-full-title] British journal of cancer
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Br. J. Cancer
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Comparative Study; Evaluation Studies; Journal Article
  • [Publication-country] England
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / Phosphoproteins; EC 2.7.11.24 / Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; EC 2.7.11.25 / MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases
  • [Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2906731
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83. Cardillo MR, Gentile V, Ceccariello A, Giacomelli L, Messinetti S, Di Silverio F: Can p503s, p504s and p510s gene expression in peripheral-blood be useful as a marker of prostatic cancer? BMC Cancer; 2005;5:111
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  • METHODS: Circulating cells were identified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to detect p503S, p504S and p510S mRNA in peripheral blood (PB) from 11 patients with treated prostatic carcinoma (CaP), 11 with newly-diagnosed untreated CaP and 20 with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) (controls).
  • [MeSH-major] Biomarkers, Tumor. Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic. Membrane Proteins / blood. Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins / blood. Prostatic Hyperplasia / blood. Prostatic Hyperplasia / diagnosis. Prostatic Neoplasms / blood. Prostatic Neoplasms / diagnosis. Racemases and Epimerases / blood

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  • (PMID = 16143040.001).
  • [ISSN] 1471-2407
  • [Journal-full-title] BMC cancer
  • [ISO-abbreviation] BMC Cancer
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • [Publication-country] England
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / ABCC4 protein, human; 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / DNA, Complementary; 0 / Membrane Proteins; 0 / Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins; 0 / TSPAN1 protein, human; 0 / Tetraspanins; 63231-63-0 / RNA; EC 5.1.- / Racemases and Epimerases; EC 5.1.99.4 / alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase
  • [Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC1236915
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84. Huang J, Wu C, di Sant'Agnese PA, Yao JL, Cheng L, Na Y: Function and molecular mechanisms of neuroendocrine cells in prostate cancer. Anal Quant Cytol Histol; 2007 Jun;29(3):128-38
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  • Benign prostate contains luminal epithelial cells, basal cells and a minor component of neuroendocrine cells whose function may be to regulate the growth, differentiation and secretory function of the prostate gland.
  • Instead, these cells may be enriched after the therapy and they may establish paracrine networks to stimulate androgen-independent proliferation of PC, leading to tumor recurrence.

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  • (PMID = 17672372.001).
  • [ISSN] 0884-6812
  • [Journal-full-title] Analytical and quantitative cytology and histology
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Anal. Quant. Cytol. Histol.
  • [Language] ENG
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Review
  • [Publication-country] United States
  • [Number-of-references] 126
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85. Gromov P, Gromova I, Bunkenborg J, Cabezon T, Moreira JM, Timmermans-Wielenga V, Roepstorff P, Rank F, Celis JE: Up-regulated proteins in the fluid bathing the tumour cell microenvironment as potential serological markers for early detection of cancer of the breast. Mol Oncol; 2010 Feb;4(1):65-89
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  • [Title] Up-regulated proteins in the fluid bathing the tumour cell microenvironment as potential serological markers for early detection of cancer of the breast.
  • Here we describe a detailed analysis using gel-based proteomics in combination with mass spectrometry and immunohistochemistry (IHC) of the tumour interstitial fluids (TIF) and normal interstitial fluids (NIF) collected from 69 prospective breast cancer patients.
  • The goal of this study was to identify abundant cancer up-regulated proteins that are externalised by cells in the tumour microenvironment of most if not all these lesions.
  • To this end, we chose to use samples derived from a single tumour/benign tissue pair (patient 46, triple negative tumour), for which we had well-matched samples in terms of epithelial cell numbers, to generate the initial dataset.
  • [MeSH-major] Biomarkers / metabolism. Biomarkers, Tumor / metabolism. Breast Neoplasms / diagnosis. Neoplasm Staging / classification
  • [MeSH-minor] Body Fluids / chemistry. Calreticulin / metabolism. Chloride Channels / metabolism. Early Diagnosis. Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional / methods. Female. Galectin 1 / metabolism. Humans. Immunohistochemistry. Peptide Elongation Factor 1 / metabolism. Peroxiredoxins / metabolism. Prognosis. Protein Disulfide-Isomerases / metabolism. Proteomics / statistics & numerical data. Thymidine Phosphorylase / metabolism. Up-Regulation