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[Title] B lymphocytes in humans express ZAP-70 when activated in vivo.

Recently, this important signaling element was detected in leukemic B cells from a subgroup of patients with B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL).

The cDNA sequence of B cell ZAP-70 was the same as that in T cells.

Germinal center B cells and plasma cells had a substantial proportion of ZAP-70+ cells, while memory and follicular mantle B cells, which contain low numbers of activated B cells, expressed relatively little ZAP-70.

A cell fraction of IgD+, CD38+ B cells, which are comprised of many in vivo activated B cells, exhibited the highest levels of ZAP-70.

In these B cells, the expression of ZAP-70 correlated with that of CD38 and not with that of CD5, a hallmark of B-CLL cells.

B-CLL cells are activated cells and their ZAP-70 expression reflects a normal property of activated B cells populations rather than a neoplastic aberration.

[MeSH-major] B-Lymphocytes / immunology. Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / immunology. Lymphocyte Activation / immunology. ZAP-70 Protein-Tyrosine Kinase / immunology

[MeSH-minor] Antigens, CD38 / immunology. Antigens, CD5 / immunology. Cells, Cultured. Germinal Center / cytology. Germinal Center / immunology. Humans. Immunoglobulin D / immunology. Killer Cells, Natural / cytology. Killer Cells, Natural / enzymology. Killer Cells, Natural / immunology. Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / enzymology. Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / immunology. Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / pathology. Membrane Glycoproteins / immunology. Palatine Tonsil / cytology. Palatine Tonsil / immunology. T-Lymphocytes / cytology. T-Lymphocytes / enzymology. T-Lymphocytes / immunology

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(PMID = 16482508.001).

[ISSN] 0014-2980

[Journal-full-title] European journal of immunology

[ISO-abbreviation] Eur. J. Immunol.

[Language] eng

[Grant] United States / NCRR NIH HHS / RR / M01 RR018535; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA 81554; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA 87956

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Germany

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antigens, CD5; 0 / Immunoglobulin D; 0 / Membrane Glycoproteins; EC 2.7.10.2 / ZAP-70 Protein-Tyrosine Kinase; EC 3.2.2.5 / Antigens, CD38; EC 3.2.2.5 / CD38 protein, human

   

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[Title] Dendritic cell-based immunogens for B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

Hybrids generated from tumor cells and dendritic cells (DC) have been proposed as tools for treating malignant disease.

Here, we study the underlying principles and the feasibility for the adjuvant therapy of human B cell chronic-lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL).

CLL cells and allogeneic DC were only mixed or additionally fused.

Using a combination of FACS and fluorescence microscopic analyses, we show that DC-CLL hybrids can be successfully generated.

We made a systematic comparison of the immunostimulatory capacities of different stimulator cell populations, including DC-CLL fusion samples, unfused mixtures of DC and CLL cells as well as DC or tumor cells alone.

This could be explained by the capture of antigens from surrounding leukemia cells by DC during co-cultivation.

Although fusion frequencies were low, PBMC stimulation was significantly more effective when the mixtures were subjected to cell fusion.

The most potent stimulus was provided by DC-CLL fusion samples derived from mature DC, probably due to their enhanced costimulatory capacity.

In summary, DC-tumor cell hybrids might be feasible in the treatment of B-CLL.

It should be considered that FACS analysis is not sufficient to assess fusion frequencies and that interactions between unfused DC and CLL cells also result in PBMC activation.

[MeSH-major] Dendritic Cells / immunology. Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / immunology

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(PMID = 16516377.001).

[ISSN] 0304-3835

[Journal-full-title] Cancer letters

[ISO-abbreviation] Cancer Lett.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Ireland

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antigens, CD; 0 / Antigens, CD11c; 0 / Antigens, CD19; 0 / Antigens, CD3; 0 / Antigens, CD5; 0 / Antigens, CD80; 0 / Antigens, CD86; 0 / CD83 antigen; 0 / HLA-DR Antigens; 0 / Immunoglobulins; 0 / Membrane Glycoproteins; 0 / Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; 82115-62-6 / Interferon-gamma

   

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[Title] Does reduced-intensity allogeneic transplantation confer a survival advantage to patients with poor prognosis chronic lymphocytic leukaemia? A case-control retrospective analysis.

BACKGROUND: Reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) allogeneic haemopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) is increasingly considered as a therapeutic option for younger patients with poor-risk chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL).

In this retrospective analysis, we assessed the outcomes of CLL patients undergoing RIC allo-HCT compared with a group of matched controls that were candidates for transplantation but did not have a suitable donor or refused the procedure.

Haemopoietic cell grafts were harvested from HLA-matched siblings (27) and unrelated donors (7).

Matching variables were age at diagnosis and time to first CLL-specific therapy.

RESULTS: Both patient groups were well balanced in terms of cytogenetics by FISH, CD38 and ZAP-70 expression, and immunoglobulin heavy-chain variable region mutational status.

Median overall survival was 113 months for HCT patients and 85 months for controls when calculated from time of diagnosis (P = 0.072) and 103 and 67 months, respectively, when calculated from time of first therapy (P = 0.041).

CONCLUSION: RIC allo-HCT is a reasonable option for patients with high-risk CLL.

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(PMID = 19596701.001).

[ISSN] 1569-8041

[Journal-full-title] Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] Ann. Oncol.

[Language] ENG

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] England

   

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[Title] Chronic lymphoid leukaemia: clinico-haematological correlation and outcome in a single institution in Niger Delta region of Nigeria.

Sixty patients were prospectively studied with the aim of analyzing the clinical and laboratory features and outcome of patients diagnosed with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) in a major referral center in Niger Delta region of Nigeria for 10 years (1995-2005).

The peripheral blood, bone marrow cytology, clinical features and stage at diagnosis were studied.

The CLL incidence was 36.4% of total leukaemias.

There was a strong association between the blood counts at diagnosis and outcome of therapy.

The 2-year survival for young (<55 years) and older (>55 years) CLL patients was 27.2% and 28.9%, respectively, which is still very poor because of a number of strong limiting factors.

CLL is not rare in Southern Nigeria and its presentations are similar to cases seen worldwide.

[MeSH-major] Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / mortality

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(PMID = 17988297.001).

[ISSN] 1751-5521

[Journal-full-title] International journal of laboratory hematology

[ISO-abbreviation] Int J Lab Hematol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] England

   

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[Title] Chronic lymphocytic leukemia and treatment resistance in cancer: the role of the p53 pathway.

The importance of studying p53 pathway defects in CLL has been fostered by the demonstration of the fundamentally different clinical course of patients with 17p deletion, where the clinical course is, contrary to most patients with CLL, very poor.

The demonstration of the resistance to chemotherapy and mutation of the remaining TP53 allele explains the clinical presentation of CLL with 17p deletion.

Here we review recent evidence that TP53 mutation in the absence of the deletion of 17p shows a similar clinical and biological course in CLL.

[MeSH-major] Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / drug therapy. Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / genetics. Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / genetics

[MeSH-minor] Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins. Cell Cycle Proteins / genetics. Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17. DNA Damage. DNA-Binding Proteins / genetics. Drug Resistance, Neoplasm. Gene Deletion. Humans. MicroRNAs / genetics. Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases / genetics. Survival Analysis. Tumor Suppressor Proteins / genetics

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(PMID = 19098429.001).

[ISSN] 1551-4005

[Journal-full-title] Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.)

[ISO-abbreviation] Cell Cycle

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Cell Cycle Proteins; 0 / DNA-Binding Proteins; 0 / MicroRNAs; 0 / Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; 0 / Tumor Suppressor Proteins; EC 2.7.11.1 / ATM protein, human; EC 2.7.11.1 / Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins; EC 2.7.11.1 / Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases

[Number-of-references] 37

   

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We demonstrate the effect of proteasome inhibitors in mitochondrial release of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) in cisplatin-exposed renal tubular epithelial cells (LLC-PK(1) cells) and in a model of cisplatin nephrotoxicity.

Downregulation of Mcl-1 by small interfering RNA promoted Bax activation and cytochrome c and AIF release, suggesting that cisplatin-induced Mcl-1 depletion and associated Bax activation are involved in the release of AIF.

[MeSH-minor] Animals. Blotting, Western. Immunoprecipitation. LLC-PK1 Cells. Male. Mice. Mice, Inbred C57BL. Swine

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(PMID = 19699182.001).

[ISSN] 1873-2968

[Journal-full-title] Biochemical pharmacology

[ISO-abbreviation] Biochem. Pharmacol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antineoplastic Agents; 0 / Protease Inhibitors; 0 / Proteasome Inhibitors; Q20Q21Q62J / Cisplatin

   

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[Title] ABO genotyping in leukemia patients reveals new ABO variant alleles.

The aim of the present study was to perform ABO genotyping in patients with leukemia.

Blood samples were collected from 108 Brazilian patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (N = 69), chronic lymphoid leukemia (N = 13), acute myeloid leukemia (N = 15), and acute lymphoid leukemia (N = 11).

We identified 22 new ABO*variants in the coding region of the ABO gene in 25 individuals with leukemia (23.2%).

The majority of ABO variants was detected in O alleles (15/60.0%).

Elucidation of the diversity of this gene in leukemia and in other diseases is important for the determination of the effect of changes in an amino acid residue on the specificity and activity of ABO glycosyltransferases and their function.

In conclusion, this is the first report of a large number of patients with leukemia genotyped for ABO.

The findings of this study indicate that there is a high level of recombinant activity in the ABO gene in leukemia patients, revealing new ABO variants.

[MeSH-major] ABO Blood-Group System / genetics. Alleles. Genetic Variation. Leukemia / blood

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(PMID = 18273824.001).

[ISSN] 1676-5680

[Journal-full-title] Genetics and molecular research : GMR

[ISO-abbreviation] Genet. Mol. Res.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Brazil

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / ABO Blood-Group System; 9007-49-2 / DNA

   

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BACKGROUND: The current manual sample processing method recommended for use with the TRUGENE HBV Genotyping Kit (TRUGENE HBV; Bayer HealthCare LLC, Tarrytown, NY) is labor-intensive and may be prone to specimen cross-contamination.

Performance of TRUGENE HBV used in conjunction with MP sample processing was evaluated further using 22 clinical serum specimens containing low titers of HBV DNA.

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(PMID = 16023890.001).

[ISSN] 1386-6532

[Journal-full-title] Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Clin. Virol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Evaluation Studies; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Netherlands

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / DNA, Viral

   

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[Title] Active compounds isolated from traditional Chinese prescription Wen-Pi-Tang protecting against peroxynitrite-induced LLC-PK(1) cell damage.

Wen-Pi-Tang, a traditional Chinese prescription, has been widely used for the treatment of patients with moderate chronic renal failure in China.

Although the protective effect of Wen-Pi-Tang on peroxynitrite (ONOO(-))-induced renal tubular epithelial LLC-PK(1) cell damage was elucidated in our previous research, the active components of Wen-Pi-Tang have not yet been fully clarified.

Therefore, the major bioactivity of Wen-Pi-Tang against ONOO(-)-induced cytotoxicity in LLC-PK(1) cells was thought to be mediated by (+)-catechin.

Although we cannot disregard the synergetic effect of various components in Wen-Pi-Tang, (+)-catechin is a major active compound protecting against ONOO(-)-induced LLC-PK(1) cell damage and may be used as an index to qualify the ONOO(-)-inhibitory activity of Wen-Pi-Tang extract.

[MeSH-minor] Animals. Cell Line. Epithelial Cells / drug effects. Epithelial Cells / metabolism. Epithelial Cells / pathology. Free Radicals / metabolism. Molsidomine / analogs & derivatives. Molsidomine / pharmacology. Nitric Oxide Donors / pharmacology. Swine

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(PMID = 18711772.001).

[ISSN] 0192-415X

[Journal-full-title] The American journal of Chinese medicine

[ISO-abbreviation] Am. J. Chin. Med.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] Singapore

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Drugs, Chinese Herbal; 0 / Free Radicals; 0 / Nitric Oxide Donors; 0 / wen-pi-tang; 14691-52-2 / Peroxynitrous Acid; 5O5U71P6VQ / linsidomine; 8R1V1STN48 / Catechin; D46583G77X / Molsidomine

   

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[Title] Aspirin induces apoptosis in human leukemia cells independently of NF-kappaB and MAPKs through alteration of the Mcl-1/Noxa balance.

Aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs induce apoptosis in most cell types.

In this study we examined the mechanism of aspirin-induced apoptosis in human leukemia cells.

Our results show that aspirin induced apoptosis in leukemia Jurkat T cells independently of NF-kappaB.

This alteration of the Mcl-1/Noxa balance was also found in other leukemia cell lines and primary chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells (CLL).

Furthermore, in CLL cells aspirin induced an increase in the protein levels of Noxa.

[MeSH-major] Apoptosis / drug effects. Aspirin / pharmacology. Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / enzymology. Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / metabolism. NF-kappa B / metabolism. Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / metabolism

[MeSH-minor] Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / metabolism. Cell Line, Tumor. Cell Survival / drug effects. Cycloheximide / pharmacology. Cytochromes c / secretion. Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor. Enzyme Activation / drug effects. Humans. JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / metabolism. MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases / metabolism. Mitochondria / drug effects. Mitochondria / secretion. Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein. Proto-Oncogene Proteins / metabolism

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(PMID = 19936928.001).

[ISSN] 1573-675X

[Journal-full-title] Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death

[ISO-abbreviation] Apoptosis

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; 0 / BBC3 protein, human; 0 / Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein; 0 / NF-kappa B; 0 / PMAIP1 protein, human; 0 / Proto-Oncogene Proteins; 0 / Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; 9007-43-6 / Cytochromes c; 98600C0908 / Cycloheximide; EC 2.7.11.24 / JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; EC 2.7.11.24 / Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; EC 2.7.11.25 / MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases; EC 2.7.11.25 / MAP3K8 protein, human; R16CO5Y76E / Aspirin

   

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Previous studies demonstrated that NK-dependant increases in CCL22 secretion selectively recruit Tregs toward murine lungs bearing Lewis Lung Carcinoma (LLC).

To extend the in vitro studies, the present studies utilized in vivo depletion of NK cells to ascertain the contribution of NK-derived CCL22 toward total CCL22 and subsequent Treg levels in both normal and LLC-bearing lungs.

However, NK depletion had the unexpected effect of increasing both CCL22 secretion and Treg levels in the lungs of NK-depleted LLC-bearing mice.

Flow cytometry and a series of both immunomagnetic and FACS isolations were used to identify the CCL22-producing cellular fractions in LLC-bearing lungs.

A novel CD11b(+)CD11c(+) cell population was identified that accumulates in large numbers in NK-depleted LLC-bearing lung tissue.

These CD11b(+)CD11c(+) cells secreted large amounts of CCL22 that may overcompensate for the loss of NK-derived CCL22 in the lungs of NK-depleted LLC-bearing mice.

Taken together, these data suggest that NK cells play both a positive and negative role in the regulation of CCL22 secretion and, in turn, the recruitment of Tregs toward LLC-bearing lungs.

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(PMID = 20198623.001).

[ISSN] 1097-0215

[Journal-full-title] International journal of cancer

[ISO-abbreviation] Int. J. Cancer

[Language] ENG

[Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01CA8566; United States / NIDCR NIH HHS / DE / R01 DE018168-02; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / 1R01CA128837; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA085266-06; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA085266; United States / NIDCR NIH HHS / DE / R01DE018168; United States / NIDCR NIH HHS / DE / R01 DE018168; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA128837-01A2; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA128837; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA128837-01A2; United States / NIDCR NIH HHS / DE / DE018168-02

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antigens, CD11b; 0 / Antigens, CD11c; 0 / CCL22 protein, human; 0 / Chemokine CCL22; 37758-47-7 / G(M1) Ganglioside; 71012-19-6 / asialo GM1 ganglioside

[Other-IDs] NLM/ NIHMS189166; NLM/ PMC2947555

   

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[Title] Redundant role for Zap70 in B cell development and activation.

Expression of the Syk family tyrosine kinase Zap70 is strongly correlated with poor clinical outcome in chronic lymphocytic leukemia, the most common human leukemia characterized by B cell accumulation.

The expression of Zap70 may reflect the specific cell of origin of the tumor or may contribute to pathology.

Thus, the normal role of Zap70 in B cell physiology is of great interest.

While initial studies reported that Zap70 expression in the mouse was limited to T and NK cells, more recent work has shown expression in early B cell progenitors and in splenic B cells, suggesting that the kinase may play a role in the development or activation of B cells.

In this study, we show that Zap70 is expressed in all developing subsets of B cells as well as in recirculating B cells, marginal zone B cells and peritoneal B1 cells.

[MeSH-major] B-Lymphocytes / metabolism. Cell Differentiation. ZAP-70 Protein-Tyrosine Kinase / metabolism

[MeSH-minor] Animals. B-Lymphocyte Subsets / cytology. B-Lymphocyte Subsets / metabolism. Bone Marrow Cells / cytology. Bone Marrow Cells / metabolism. Calcium Signaling / physiology. Cell Proliferation. Flow Cytometry. Hemocyanin / immunology. Immunoblotting. Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / deficiency. Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / genetics. Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / metabolism. Lymphocyte Activation. Mice. Mice, Inbred C57BL. Mice, Inbred Strains. Mice, Knockout. Mice, Mutant Strains. Mice, Transgenic. Peritoneal Cavity / cytology. Precursor Cells, B-Lymphoid / cytology. Precursor Cells, B-Lymphoid / metabolism. Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / deficiency. Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / genetics. Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / metabolism. Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell / physiology. Spleen / cytology. Spleen / immunology. Syk Kinase. Vaccination

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(PMID = 18465772.001).

[ISSN] 0014-2980

[Journal-full-title] European journal of immunology

[ISO-abbreviation] Eur. J. Immunol.

[Language] eng

[Grant] United Kingdom / Medical Research Council / / MC/ U117527252; United Kingdom / Medical Research Council / /

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Germany

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; 0 / Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell; 0 / trinitrophenyl keyhole limpet hemocyanin; 9013-72-3 / Hemocyanin; EC 2.7.10.1 / Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; EC 2.7.10.2 / SYK protein, human; EC 2.7.10.2 / Syk Kinase; EC 2.7.10.2 / Syk protein, mouse; EC 2.7.10.2 / ZAP-70 Protein-Tyrosine Kinase; EC 2.7.10.2 / Zap70 protein, mouse

   

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The comparison between the dose distributions measured on films and computed by TPS, after a precise image registration procedure performed by a commercial piece of software (FILMQA, 3cognition LLC (Division of ISP), Wayne, NJ), allowed the authors to measure the repositioning errors, obtaining about 0.5 mm in case of central spherical PTV and about 1.5 mm in case of peripheral irregular PTV.

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(PMID = 19673186.001).

[ISSN] 0094-2405

[Journal-full-title] Medical physics

[ISO-abbreviation] Med Phys

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

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[Title] Plasmablastic lymphoma: Cytologic findings in 5 cases with unusual presentation.

BACKGROUND: Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a rare form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that was once believed to occur primarily in the oral cavity of human immunodeficiency virus-positive individuals.

The presence of the following was evaluated: cellularity, plasmablastic cells, background necrosis (BN), single-cell necrosis (SCN), lymphoglandular bodies (LGB), tingible-body macrophages (TBM), 3-dimensional clusters/sheets, and cytoplasmic vacuoles.

Two patients had the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and 3 had second non-PBL related malignancies including endometrial carcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma, and small lymphocytic lymphoma.

However, although these findings may suggest PBL, a definitive diagnosis requires adjunctive studies including immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry.

[MeSH-major] Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / metabolism. Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / pathology

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[Copyright] (c) 2008 American Cancer Society.

(PMID = 18683216.001).

[ISSN] 0008-543X

[Journal-full-title] Cancer

[ISO-abbreviation] Cancer

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

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[Title] A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical study of the general effects of a standardized Lycium barbarum (Goji) Juice, GoChi.

BACKGROUND: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial is the first study reported from outside China that has examined the general effects of the orally consumed goji berry, Lycium barbarum, as a standardized juice (GoChi; FreeLife International LLC, Phoenix, AZ) to healthy adults for 14 days.

METHODS: Based upon the medicinal properties of Lycium barbarum in traditional Asian medicine, we examined by questionnaire subjective ratings (0-5) of general feelings of well-being, neurologic/psychologic traits, gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal, and cardiovascular complaints as well as any adverse effects.

CONCLUSIONS: These results clearly indicate that daily consumption of GoChi for 14 days increases subjective feelings of general well-being, and improves neurologic/psychologic performance and gastrointestinal functions.

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(PMID = 18447631.001).

[ISSN] 1075-5535

[Journal-full-title] Journal of alternative and complementary medicine (New York, N.Y.)

[ISO-abbreviation] J Altern Complement Med

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Neuroprotective Agents; 0 / Plant Extracts

   

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We review our experience with the use of the CentriMag (Levitronix LLC, Waltham, Mass) circulatory support system in such patients whose neurologic status was uncertain.

Thus, for our 12 study patients, long-term survival was 75% at 1 month and 62.5% at 1 year.

By using this strategy, we avoided the urgent placement of expensive long-term ventricular assist devices in hemodynamically unstable patients with multisystem organ failure whose neurologic status was uncertain until end-organ recovery and excellent hemodynamic stability were achieved with the relatively inexpensive short-term CentriMag circulatory support system.

[MeSH-minor] Acute Disease. Analysis of Variance. Decision Making. Heart Transplantation / statistics & numerical data. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Survival Analysis. Treatment Outcome

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[CommentIn] J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2008 Mar;135(3):717; author reply 717-8 [18329513.001]

(PMID = 17662772.001).

[ISSN] 1097-685X

[Journal-full-title] The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

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Population pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic modeling was performed using NONMEM V (GloboMax LLC, Hanover, MD).

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(PMID = 17122576.001).

[ISSN] 0003-3022

[Journal-full-title] Anesthesiology

[ISO-abbreviation] Anesthesiology

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Hypnotics and Sedatives; R60L0SM5BC / Midazolam

   

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[Title] Thalidomide-induced partial stable remission in a case of refractory progressive B Cell Chronic Lymphoid Leukemia.

[MeSH-major] Leukemia, B-Cell / drug therapy. Thalidomide / therapeutic use

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(PMID = 17544506.001).

[ISSN] 0145-2126

[Journal-full-title] Leukemia research

[ISO-abbreviation] Leuk. Res.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Letter

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 4Z8R6ORS6L / Thalidomide

   

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Topics include bendamustine (Treanda) for chronic lymphocytic leukemia, hepatitis B immune globulin (HepaGam B) to prevent hepatitis B infection following liver transplantation, and a fibrin sealant (Artiss) used in skin graft surgery for burn patients.

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(PMID = 19561795.001).

[ISSN] 1052-1372

[Journal-full-title] P & T : a peer-reviewed journal for formulary management

[ISO-abbreviation] P T

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2683604

   

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[Title] Management of infectious complications in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

Infections remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).

The pathogenesis of these complications is related to immune defects inherent to the primary disease as well as to therapy-related immunosuppression.

The spectrum of infections seen has evolved with the therapeutic use of purine analogs, which induce specific cellular immune defects, as well as the monoclonal antibodies alemtuzumab and rituximab.

This overview will summarize the pathogenesis of infection in patients with CLL as well as the spectrum of infection and approaches to the prophylactic and therapeutic management of these complications.

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(PMID = 18024648.001).

[ISSN] 1520-4391

[Journal-full-title] Hematology. American Society of Hematology. Education Program

[ISO-abbreviation] Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program

[Language] ENG

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] United States

[Number-of-references] 63

   

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[Title] Sequential therapy with fludarabine, high-dose cyclophosphamide, and rituximab in previously untreated patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia produces high-quality responses: molecular remissions predict for durable complete responses.

PURPOSE: Modern combination strategies are active in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) but can have significant myelosuppression and immunosuppression that may require dose attenuation for safety.

In that study, cyclophosphamide consolidation improved the frequency of complete response (CR) four-fold.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty-six previously untreated CLL patients received therapy with fludarabine 25 mg/m(2) on days 1 through 5 every 4 weeks for six cycles, followed by consolidation with cyclophosphamide 3,000 mg/m(2) administered every 3 weeks for three cycles, followed by consolidation with weekly rituximab 375 mg/m(2) for four cycles.

Evaluation for minimal residual disease included flow cytometry and a highly sensitive clonotypic polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

The median age was 59 years (range, 37 to 71 years), 61% of patients had high-risk disease, and 58% had unmutated IgV(H) genes.

Twenty patients (56%) achieved flow cytometric CRs, and 12 patients (33%) achieved a molecular CR (PCR negative).

Patients achieving molecular CRs had an excellent prognosis with a plateau in the response duration curve, and 90% remain in clinical CR at 5 years.

[MeSH-major] Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / administration & dosage. Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / drug therapy

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[Cites] Leukemia. 2000 Sep;14(9):1577-82 [10995003.001]

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[CommentIn] J Clin Oncol. 2009 Feb 1;27(4):479-80 [19075263.001]

(PMID = 19075280.001).

[ISSN] 1527-7755

[Journal-full-title] Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Clin. Oncol.

[Language] eng

[Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / P30 CA008748; United States / NIAID NIH HHS / AI / R01 AI067823; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA67823

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antibodies, Monoclonal; 0 / Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; 0 / Antineoplastic Agents; 0 / Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; 4F4X42SYQ6 / Rituximab; 8N3DW7272P / Cyclophosphamide; FA2DM6879K / Vidarabine; P2K93U8740 / fludarabine

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2645858

   

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[Title] Genomic complexity identifies patients with aggressive chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) has a variable clinical course.

Presence of specific genomic aberrations has been shown to impact survival outcomes and can help categorize CLL into clinically distinct subtypes.

We studied 178 CLL patients enrolled in a prospective study at the University of Michigan, of whom 139 and 39 were previously untreated and previously treated, respectively.

Genomic complexity scores were derived and correlated with the surrogate clinical end points time to first therapy (TTFT) and time to subsequent therapy (TTST): measures of disease aggressiveness and/or therapy efficaciousness.

In univariate analysis, progressively increasing complexity scores in previously untreated CLL patients identified patients with short TTFT at high significance levels.

Similarly, TTST was significantly shorter in pretreated patients with high as opposed to low genomic complexity.

Finally, algorithmic subchromosomal complexity determination was developed, facilitating automation and future routine clinical application of CLL whole-genome analysis.

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[CommentIn] Blood. 2008 Sep 1;112(5):1550 [18725569.001]

(PMID = 18436738.001).

[ISSN] 1528-0020

[Journal-full-title] Blood

[ISO-abbreviation] Blood

[Language] ENG

[Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / P30 CA046592; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R21 CA124420; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / 5 P30 CA46592; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R21 CA124420-01A1

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains; 0 / Membrane Glycoproteins; EC 2.7.10.2 / ZAP-70 Protein-Tyrosine Kinase; EC 3.2.2.5 / Antigens, CD38; EC 3.2.2.5 / CD38 protein, human

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2518900

   

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[Title] Pseudohyperkalemia in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

[MeSH-major] Hyperkalemia / diagnosis. Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / blood

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(PMID = 18509189.001).

[ISSN] 1527-7755

[Journal-full-title] Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Clin. Oncol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

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[Title] MicroRNA patterns associated with clinical prognostic parameters and CNS relapse prediction in pediatric acute leukemia.

BACKGROUND: Recent reports have indicated that microRNAs (miRNAs) play a critical role in malignancies, and regulations in the progress of adult leukemia.

The role of miRNAs in pediatric leukemia still needs to be established.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the aberrantly expressed miRNAs in pediatric acute leukemia and demonstrate miRNA patterns that are pediatric-specific and prognostic parameter-associated.

The most highly expressed miRNAs in pediatric ALL were miR-34a, miR-128a, miR-128b, and miR-146a, while the highly expressed miRNAs in pediatric AML were miR-100, miR-125b, miR-335, miR-146a, and miR-99a, which are significantly different from those reported for adult CLL and AML. miR-125b and miR-126 may serve as favorable prognosticators for M3 and M2 patients, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: There are existing pediatric-associated and prognostic parameter-associated miRNAs that are independent of cell lineage and could provide therapeutic direction for individual risk-adapted therapy for pediatric leukemia patients.

[MeSH-major] Central Nervous System Neoplasms / diagnosis. Leukemia / diagnosis. Leukemia / pathology. MicroRNAs

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(PMID = 19915715.001).

[ISSN] 1932-6203

[Journal-full-title] PloS one

[ISO-abbreviation] PLoS ONE

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / MicroRNAs

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2773830

   

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8-Chloroadenosine (8-Cl-Ado) is a ribosyl nucleoside analog currently in phase I testing for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).

In the current study with four mantle cell lymphoma cell lines, we report a new major metabolic pathway for 8-Cl-Ado intracellular metabolism, the formation of succinyl-8-chloro-adenosine (S-8-Cl-Ado) and its monophosphate (S-8-Cl-AMP).

Consistent with fumarate as a required substrate for formation of succinyl-8-Cl-adenylate metabolites, the S-8-Cl-adenylate concentrations in multiple cell lines were associated with fumarate loss.

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(PMID = 20064937.001).

[ISSN] 1083-351X

[Journal-full-title] The Journal of biological chemistry

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Biol. Chem.

[Language] ENG

[Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / P30 CA016672; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA085915; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA 85915; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA136411; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / P50 CA136411

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antineoplastic Agents; 0 / Fumarates; 0 / Hypoglycemic Agents; 0 / Oligomycins; 0 / Purines; 0 / Uncoupling Agents; 146-77-0 / 2-Chloroadenosine; 23583-48-4 / 8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate; 34408-14-5 / 8-chloroadenosine; 41941-56-4 / 8-chloro-cyclic adenosine monophosphate; 9100L32L2N / Metformin; AB6MNQ6J6L / Succinic Acid

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2832953

   

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When titanocenes 3a-c were tested against pig kidney (LLC-PK) cells inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)) of 1.6x10(-4)M, 1.5x10(-4)M and 9.1x10(-4)M, respectively, were observed.

These values represent improved cytotoxicity against LLC-PK, when compared to their corresponding ansa substituted analogues and also in comparison to unsubstituted titanocene dichloride.

[MeSH-minor] Animals. Cell Line. Cell Survival. Drug Evaluation, Preclinical. Molecular Conformation. Molecular Structure. Swine

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(PMID = 16764931.001).

[ISSN] 0162-0134

[Journal-full-title] Journal of inorganic biochemistry

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Inorg. Biochem.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antineoplastic Agents; 0 / Organometallic Compounds; 1271-29-0 / titanocene

   

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[Title] Protein expression profiling of cytokines and cytokine receptors on purified chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells from patients with favourable prognostic indicators.

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells rapidly undergo apoptosis when cultured in vitro, which contrasts with their prolonged survival in vivo.

Multiple cytokines and cytokine receptors are believed to work together to regulate the survival of CLL cells.

The aim of the current study was to measure the endogenous expression and secretion of cytokines and cytokine receptors in CLL cells when exogenous cytokines are minimized.

We demonstrated that the intracellular and secreted levels of 174 cytokines and cytokine receptors of purified CLL B-cells were not significantly different from those of normal B-cells except for the secreted levels of IL-6 and eotaxin.

IL-6 was 3.0 times lower (p = 0.038) whereas eotaxin was 2.2 times higher (p = 0.027) in CLL conditioned medium than in normal B-cell conditioned medium.

Our results suggest that, except for IL-6 and eotaxin, CLL B-cells and their normal counterparts produce and secrete similar amounts of cytokines and cytokine receptors in vitro.

[MeSH-major] Cytokines / analysis. Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / pathology. Receptors, Cytokine / analysis

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. B-Lymphocytes / secretion. Case-Control Studies. Cells, Cultured. Chemokine CCL11 / analysis. Chemokine CCL11 / secretion. Female. Humans. Interleukin-6 / analysis. Interleukin-6 / secretion. Male. Middle Aged. Prognosis. Proteomics / methods

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(PMID = 18398743.001).

[ISSN] 1029-2403

[Journal-full-title] Leukemia & lymphoma

[ISO-abbreviation] Leuk. Lymphoma

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / CCL11 protein, human; 0 / Chemokine CCL11; 0 / Cytokines; 0 / Interleukin-6; 0 / Receptors, Cytokine

   

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[Title] Alemtuzumab therapy for severe autoimmune hemolysis in a patient with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) is the most common cause of autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA), and a subgroup of these patients who develop both these conditions fail to respond to corticosteroids, cytotoxic drugs, splenectomy, and iv immunoglobulins.

Alemtuzumab is a humanized anti-CD52 monoclonal antibody that is an effective therapy for B-CLL, mycosis fungoides, and T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia.

Here we present a case report of a 78-yr-old woman with B-CLL and progressive life-threatening AIHA with hemoglobin count 5.5 g/dL following fludarabine treatment, who was treated successfully with alemtuzumab.

We conclude that alemtuzumab may be indicated for the treatment of AIHA in B-CLL patients who have failed other treatments.

[MeSH-major] Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune / drug therapy. Antibodies, Monoclonal / therapeutic use. Antibodies, Neoplasm / therapeutic use. Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / complications

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(PMID = 16645240.001).

[ISSN] 1357-0560

[Journal-full-title] Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England)

[ISO-abbreviation] Med. Oncol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antibodies, Monoclonal; 0 / Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; 0 / Antibodies, Neoplasm; 3A189DH42V / alemtuzumab

   

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[Title] Allogeneic dendritic cells pulsed with tumor lysates or apoptotic bodies as immunotherapy for patients with early-stage B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

Recently, immunotherapies with allogeneic dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with tumor antigens to generate specific T-cell responses have been tested in clinical trials for patients with solid tumors.

This is the first report on a clinical vaccination study with DCs for patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL).

The potential of allogeneic DCs pulsed ex vivo with tumor cell lysates or apoptotic bodies to stimulate antitumor immunity in patients with B-CLL in early stages was evaluated.

In one patient, a significant increase of specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes against RHAMM/CD168, a recently characterized leukemia-associated antigen, could be detected after DC vaccination.

Taken together, the study demonstrated that DC vaccination in CLL patients is feasible and safe.

[MeSH-major] Apoptosis / immunology. Cancer Vaccines / therapeutic use. Dendritic Cells / immunology. Immunotherapy / methods. Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / therapy. Neoplasm Proteins / immunology

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(PMID = 15990861.001).

[ISSN] 0887-6924

[Journal-full-title] Leukemia

[ISO-abbreviation] Leukemia

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Clinical Trial; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antigens, CD44; 0 / Cancer Vaccines; 0 / Extracellular Matrix Proteins; 0 / Neoplasm Proteins; 0 / hyaluronan-mediated motility receptor

   

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[Title] The anti-apoptotic, glucocorticoid receptor cochaperone protein BAG-1 is a long-term target for the actions of mood stabilizers.

Increasing data suggest that impairments of cellular plasticity/resilience underlie the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder.

A series of microarray studies with validating criteria have recently revealed a common, novel target for the long-term actions of the structurally highly dissimilar mood stabilizers lithium and valproate: BAG-1 [BCL-2 (B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2)-associated athanogene].

Chronic administration of both agents at therapeutic doses increased the expression of BAG-1 in rat hippocampus.

Furthermore, these findings were validated at the protein level, and the effects were seen in a time frame consistent with therapeutic effects and were specific for mood stabilizers.

Furthermore, small interfering RNA studies showed that these inhibitory effects on GR activity were mediated, at least in part, through BAG-1.

The observation that BAG-1 inhibits glucocorticoid activation suggests that mood stabilizers may counteract the deleterious effects of hypercortisolemia seen in bipolar disorder by upregulating BAG-1.

Additionally, these studies suggest that regulation of GR-mediated plasticity may play a role in the treatment of bipolar disorder and raise the possibility that agents affecting BAG-1 more directly may represent novel therapies for this devastating illness.

[MeSH-minor] Alkaline Phosphatase / genetics. Alkaline Phosphatase / metabolism. Animals. Behavior, Animal. Blotting, Western / methods. Cell Line, Tumor. Dexamethasone / pharmacology. Dose-Response Relationship, Drug. Drug Interactions. Gene Expression / drug effects. Humans. Immunohistochemistry / methods. Indoles / metabolism. Male. Molecular Weight. Neuroblastoma. RNA, Small Interfering / pharmacology. Rats. Rats, Wistar. Receptors, Glucocorticoid / metabolism. Time Factors. Transfection / methods

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(PMID = 15872096.001).

[ISSN] 1529-2401

[Journal-full-title] The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Neurosci.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antimanic Agents; 0 / BCL2-associated athanogene 1 protein; 0 / DNA-Binding Proteins; 0 / Indoles; 0 / RNA, Small Interfering; 0 / Receptors, Glucocorticoid; 0 / Transcription Factors; 47165-04-8 / DAPI; 614OI1Z5WI / Valproic Acid; 7S5I7G3JQL / Dexamethasone; 9FN79X2M3F / Lithium; EC 3.1.3.1 / Alkaline Phosphatase

   

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[Title] A fluorimetry-based ssYFP secretion assay to monitor vasopressin-induced exocytosis in LLC-PK1 cells expressing aquaporin-2.

Vasopressin (VP)-induced exocytosis was dissected in native and aquaporin-2 (AQP2)-expressing renal LLC-PK(1) cells by a fluorimetric exocytosis assay based on soluble secreted yellow fluorescent protein (ssYFP).

Fluorimetry and Western blot analysis demonstrated similar constitutive ssYFP secretion in native LLC-PK(1) and AQP2-expressing cells.

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(PMID = 18799651.001).

[ISSN] 0363-6143

[Journal-full-title] American journal of physiology. Cell physiology

[ISO-abbreviation] Am. J. Physiol., Cell Physiol.

[Language] ENG

[Grant] United States / NIDDK NIH HHS / DK / DK-38452; United States / NIDDK NIH HHS / DK / DK-43341; United States / NIDDK NIH HHS / DK / DK-57521; United States / NIDDK NIH HHS / DK / K08 DK-075940-01

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Aquaporin 2; 0 / Luminescent Proteins; 11000-17-2 / Vasopressins

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2603565

   

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[Title] Alemtuzumab as consolidation after a response to fludarabine is effective in purging residual disease in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

PURPOSE: Treatment with alemtuzumab has resulted in negative responses for minimal residual disease (MRD) in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).

In a prior analysis we demonstrated that it is possible to achieved MRD negativity, as assessed by polyclonality of immunoglobulin heavy chain after consolidation with alemtuzumab.

This phase II study evaluated 34 patients with CLL who received alemtuzumab consolidation in an effort to improve the quality of their response to fludarabine-based induction.

Subsequent peripheral blood stem-cell (PBSC) collection and transplantation, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics also were assessed.

CONCLUSION: Subcutaneously administered alemtuzumab was effective, safe, and well tolerated as consolidation therapy in patients with CLL who responded to fludarabine induction therapy.

[MeSH-major] Antibodies, Monoclonal / therapeutic use. Antibodies, Neoplasm / therapeutic use. Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use. Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / drug therapy. Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation

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(PMID = 16618945.001).

[ISSN] 1527-7755

[Journal-full-title] Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Clin. Oncol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Clinical Trial, Phase II; Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antibodies, Monoclonal; 0 / Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; 0 / Antibodies, Neoplasm; 0 / Antigens, CD34; 0 / Antineoplastic Agents; 0 / Antiviral Agents; 3A189DH42V / alemtuzumab; FA2DM6879K / Vidarabine; P2K93U8740 / fludarabine; P9G3CKZ4P5 / Ganciclovir

   

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[Title] Immune anaemias in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia treated with fludarabine, cyclophosphamide and rituximab--incidence and predictors.

Immune anaemias (IA) [auto-immune haemolytic anaemia (AIHA) and pure red cell aplasia (PRCA)] are complications of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL).

Additional markers of haemolysis (indirect hyperbilirubinaemia, reticulocytosis, low haptoglobin and elevated lactate dehydrogenase levels) confirmed the presence of AIHA in these patients.

Thus, the incidence of IA among CLL patients treated with FCR was comparable with historical rates.

The diagnosis of AIHA can be considered even if the DAT is negative.

[MeSH-major] Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune / etiology. Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use. Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / drug therapy. Red-Cell Aplasia, Pure / etiology

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[CommentIn] Br J Haematol. 2007 Nov;139(4):622-3 [17979948.001]

(PMID = 17341265.001).

[ISSN] 0007-1048

[Journal-full-title] British journal of haematology

[ISO-abbreviation] Br. J. Haematol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antibodies, Monoclonal; 0 / Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; 0 / Glucocorticoids; 4F4X42SYQ6 / Rituximab; 8N3DW7272P / Cyclophosphamide; FA2DM6879K / Vidarabine; P2K93U8740 / fludarabine

   

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STI571 is used mostly in the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia and inhibits activity of the BCR/ABL oncogenic tyrosine kinase, which is a hallmark of this disease.

NER activity was examined in the BCR/ABL-expressing cell lines K562 and BV173 of myeloid and lymphoid origin, respectively, as well as in CCRF-CEM cells, which do not express BCR/ABL.

A murine myeloid parental 32D cell line and its counterpart transfected with the BCR/ABL gene were also tested.

NER activity was assessed in the cell extracts by use of an UV-irradiated plasmid as a substrate and by a modified single-cell gel electrophoresis (comet) assay on UV-treated nucleoids.

Therefore, STI571 may overcome the drug resistance associated with increased DNA repair in BCR/ABL-positive leukemias.

[MeSH-major] DNA Repair. Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive / genetics. Piperazines / pharmacology. Pyrimidines / pharmacology

[MeSH-minor] Animals. Benzamides. Cell Line, Tumor. Cell Survival / drug effects. Cell Survival / radiation effects. Comet Assay. Humans. Imatinib Mesylate. Mice. Polymerase Chain Reaction

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(PMID = 18602021.001).

[ISSN] 0027-5107

[Journal-full-title] Mutation research

[ISO-abbreviation] Mutat. Res.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Netherlands

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Benzamides; 0 / Piperazines; 0 / Pyrimidines; 8A1O1M485B / Imatinib Mesylate

   

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[Title] PRAME mRNA levels in cases with chronic leukemia: Clinical importance and review of the literature.

The aim of this study is to determine the frequency and the clinical importance of PRAME expression in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML)/chronic myeloproliferative disorders (CMPD) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).

PRAME mRNA was measured by real time RT-PCR in 88 cases with chronic leukemia (CL) and 42 controls.

Seventy cases had CML/CMPD (56 had chronic phase (CP)-14 had accelerated/blastic phase disease (AP/BP) and 18 cases had CLL (11 had early stage (Rai 0-I-II) and 7 had late stage (Rai III-IV).

Twenty-four of 70 (34%) cases with CML/CMPD and 5 of 18 (28%) cases with CLL showed PRAME expression.

PRAME (+) and PRAME (-) cases were not different for age, Hb, Hct, WBC count, platelet count, stage of the disease and response to therapy.

PRAME was monitorised in eight cases during follow-up: in three cases PRAME was negative at CP and expression developed at the AP/BP disease.

PRAME mRNA may be a useful marker to detect the minimal residual disease (MRD) and to determine the response to therapy in CLs.

[MeSH-major] Antigens, Neoplasm / genetics. Biomarkers, Tumor / genetics. Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / genetics. Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive / genetics. Myeloproliferative Disorders / genetics. RNA, Messenger / genetics

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use. Chronic Disease. Disease Progression. Female. Follow-Up Studies. Gene Expression Profiling. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Neoplasm Staging. Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / methods. Treatment Outcome

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(PMID = 16914202.001).

[ISSN] 0145-2126

[Journal-full-title] Leukemia research

[ISO-abbreviation] Leuk. Res.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antigens, Neoplasm; 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / PRAME protein, human; 0 / RNA, Messenger

   

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Epolactaene, a neuritogenic compound in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y, induces apoptosis in a human leukemia B-cell line, BALL-1.

The alpha-acyl-alpha,beta-epoxy-gamma-lactam moiety as well as the hydrophobicity derived from the long alkyl side chain are both important for activity.

[MeSH-major] Apoptosis / drug effects. Leukemia, B-Cell / drug therapy

[MeSH-minor] Cell Line, Tumor. Cell Survival / drug effects. Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor. Epoxy Compounds / chemical synthesis. Epoxy Compounds / chemistry. Epoxy Compounds / pharmacology. Humans. Hydrolysis. Molecular Structure. Polyenes / chemical synthesis. Polyenes / chemistry. Polyenes / pharmacology. Stereoisomerism. Structure-Activity Relationship

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(PMID = 16298530.001).

[ISSN] 0968-0896

[Journal-full-title] Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry

[ISO-abbreviation] Bioorg. Med. Chem.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Epoxy Compounds; 0 / Polyenes; 0 / epolactaene

   

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[Title] Gene expression profiling of B lymphocytes and plasma cells from Waldenström's macroglobulinemia: comparison with expression patterns of the same cell counterparts from chronic lymphocytic leukemia, multiple myeloma and normal individuals.

The tumoral clone of Waldenström's macroglobulinemia (WM) shows a wide morphological heterogeneity, which ranges from B lymphocytes (BL) to plasma cells (PC).

By means of genome-wide expression profiling we have been able to identify genes exclusively deregulated in BL and PC from WM, but with a similar expression pattern in their corresponding cell counterparts from chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and multiple myeloma (MM), as well as normal individuals.

The differentially expressed genes have important functions in B-cell differentiation and oncogenesis.

Thus, two of the genes downregulated in WM-BL were IL4R, which plays a relevant role in CLL B-cell survival, and BACH2, which participates in the development of class-switched PC.

A set of four genes was able to discriminate clonal BL from WM and CLL: LEF1 (WNT/beta-catenin pathway), MARCKS, ATXN1 and FMOD.

We also found deregulation of genes involved in plasma cell differentiation such as PAX5, which was overexpressed in WM-PC, and IRF4 and BLIMP1, which were underexpressed.

In summary, these results indicate that both PC and BL from WM are genetically different from the MM and CLL cell counterpart.

[MeSH-major] B-Lymphocytes / metabolism. Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / pathology. Multiple Myeloma / pathology. Plasma Cells / metabolism. Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia / pathology

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(PMID = 17252022.001).

[ISSN] 0887-6924

[Journal-full-title] Leukemia

[ISO-abbreviation] Leukemia

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Neoplasm Proteins

   

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[Title] CLLU1 expression levels predict time to initiation of therapy and overall survival in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

OBJECTIVES: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is an incurable disease with a highly variable clinical course.

IgV(H) mutational status, chromosomal aberrations, CD38 expression and ZAP-70 expression are prognostic markers in CLL, however, they are not exclusively confined to this disease.

We recently identified a novel CLL-specific gene (CLL upregulated gene1, CLLU1) that is exclusively upregulated in CLL cells.

Here we describe our evaluation of the prognostic significance of CLLU1 in CLL.

METHODS: A cohort of 59 previously untreated CLL patients was studied.

RESULTS: Analyzed as a continuous, quantitative parameter CLLU1 levels significantly predicted time from diagnosis to initiation of therapy (P < or = 0.0003) Analyzed as a categorical parameter, by segregation of the patients into groups with cDNA1 or CDS expression above or below the median, the CLLU1 levels significantly predicted time from diagnosis to initiation of therapy (P = 0.001) and predicted overall survival with borderline significance (P < or = 0.05).

Patient stratification according to clinical stage, cytogenetics, IgV(H) mutational status, ZAP-70 and CD38, demonstrated significantly increased CLLU1 expression in all investigated CLL poor risk groups.

CONCLUSIONS: CLLU1 is the first identified CLL specific gene.

The CLLU1 mRNA expression level can predict time to initiation of treatment and survival in CLL patients.

[MeSH-major] Biomarkers, Tumor / biosynthesis. Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / genetics. Neoplasm Proteins / biosynthesis

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[CommentIn] Eur J Haematol. 2006 Aug;77(2):177; author reply 178 [16856913.001]

(PMID = 16529606.001).

[ISSN] 0902-4441

[Journal-full-title] European journal of haematology

[ISO-abbreviation] Eur. J. Haematol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Denmark

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / CLLU1 protein, human; 0 / DNA, Complementary; 0 / Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains; 0 / Immunoglobulin Variable Region; 0 / Neoplasm Proteins; 0 / RNA, Messenger; 0 / RNA, Neoplasm; EC 2.7.10.2 / ZAP-70 Protein-Tyrosine Kinase; EC 2.7.10.2 / ZAP70 protein, human; EC 3.2.2.5 / Antigens, CD38

   

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The objective of this study was to examine the effect of ion-pair complexation with endogenous bile salts on the transport of a quarternary ammonium organic cationic (OC) drug, berberine, across the Caco-2 and LLC-PK1 cell monolayers.

Similar results were observed for the transport of berberine across the LLC-PK1 cells.

These results suggest that an efflux transporter, probably P-gp, is involved in the Caco-2 cell transport.

The apparent partition coefficient (APC) of berberine between n-octanol and a phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) was increased by the presence of an organic anion (OA), taurodeoxycholate (TDC, a bile salt), suggesting the formation of a lipophilic ion-pair complex between an OC (berberine) and an OA (TDC).

Despite the ion-pair complexation, however, the BL-AP transport of berberine across the Caco-2 and LLC-PK1 cells was not altered by the cis-presence of bile salts or the rat bile juice.

This is consistent with the reportedly unaltered secretory transport of a quarternary ammonium compound, tributylmethylammonium (TBuMA), across the Caco-2 cell monolayers in the cis-presence of bile salts or the rat bile juice, but not with our previous report in which the secretory transport of TBuMA across the LLC-PK1 cell was increased in the cis-presence of TDC.

Therefore, the effect of ion-pair formation with the bile components or bile salts on the secretory transport of OCs appears to depend on the molecular properties of OCs (e.g., molecular weight, lipophilicity and affinity to relevant transporters) and the characteristics of cell strains (e.g., expression and contribution of responsible transporters to the transport).

[MeSH-minor] Animals. Biological Transport, Active. Caco-2 Cells. Cell Membrane / metabolism. Chemistry, Physical. Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid. Data Interpretation, Statistical. Humans. LLC-PK1 Cells. P-Glycoprotein / antagonists & inhibitors. P-Glycoprotein / metabolism. Physicochemical Phenomena. Solubility. Swine. Taurodeoxycholic Acid / chemistry

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(PMID = 18277615.001).

[ISSN] 0253-6269

[Journal-full-title] Archives of pharmacal research

[ISO-abbreviation] Arch. Pharm. Res.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Korea (South)

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Bile Acids and Salts; 0 / P-Glycoprotein; 0I8Y3P32UF / Berberine; 516-50-7 / Taurodeoxycholic Acid

   

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[Title] Development of a security vulnerability assessment process for the RAMCAP chemical sector.

The Department of Homeland Security (DHS), Directorate of Information Analysis & Infrastructure Protection (IAIP), Protective Services Division (PSD), contracted the American Society of Mechanical Engineers Innovative Technologies Institute, LLC (ASME ITI, LLC) to develop guidance on Risk Analysis and Management for Critical Asset Protection (RAMCAP).

AcuTech Consulting Group (AcuTech) has been contracted by ASME ITI, LLC, to provide assistance by facilitating the development of sector-specific guidance on vulnerability analysis and management for critical asset protection for the chemical manufacturing, petroleum refining, and liquefied natural gas (LNG) sectors.

This activity involves two key tasks for these three sectors: Development of a screening to supplement DHS understanding of the assets that are important to protect against terrorist attack and to prioritize the activities.

Development of a standard security vulnerability analysis (SVA) framework for the analysis of consequences, vulnerabilities, and threats.

This project involves the cooperative effort of numerous leading industrial companies, industry trade associations, professional societies, and security and safety consultants representative of those sectors.

Jones is the chief technology officer for ASME-ITI, LLC for RAMCAP.

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(PMID = 16920260.001).

[ISSN] 0304-3894

[Journal-full-title] Journal of hazardous materials

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Hazard. Mater.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] Netherlands

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Hazardous Substances

   

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[Title] Gene expression profile and genomic changes in disease progression of early-stage chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

The biologic mechanisms involved in the clinical progression from early stages of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) are not well known.

We investigated sequential samples from 16 untreated CLL patients obtained at diagnosis in early stage and after progression before treatment.

One patient had a p16 (INK4a) homozygous deletion at diagnosis and progression, and 3 patients acquired a p53 mutation, gains of 5q21-q23 and 11pter-p14, and a gain of chromosome 12 respectively, during the progression of the disease.

Gene expression profile analysis showed a significant modulation of 58 genes with a particular downregulation of genes that are inhibitors of cell adhesion and motility.

[MeSH-major] Gene Expression Profiling. Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic. Genome. Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / diagnosis. Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / genetics. Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / pathology

[MeSH-minor] Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 / metabolism. Disease Progression. Female. Genes, p53 / genetics. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Nucleic Acid Hybridization. Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis

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(PMID = 18166798.001).

[ISSN] 1592-8721

[Journal-full-title] Haematologica

[ISO-abbreviation] Haematologica

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Italy

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16

   

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[Title] Treatment resistance in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: the role of the p53 pathway.

The importance of studying p53 pathway defects in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) has been promoted by the demonstration of the fundamentally different clinical course of patients with 17p deletion.

The observation of resistance to chemotherapy and mutation of the remaining TP53 allele explain the clinical presentation of CLL with 17p deletion.

In addition, other principal components of the DNA damage pathway reportedly are de-regulated by mutation (ATM), deletion (ATM) or potentially more complex down-regulation (miR-34a) in CLL.

Nonetheless, challenges remain because we can only explain resistance in a proportion of the cases that are resistant to first line treatment.

[MeSH-major] Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / genetics. Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / genetics. Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / genetics

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(PMID = 19347737.001).

[ISSN] 1029-2403

[Journal-full-title] Leukemia & lymphoma

[ISO-abbreviation] Leuk. Lymphoma

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Tumor Suppressor Protein p53

[Number-of-references] 12

   

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[Title] [Leukaemia cutis: clinical manifestation of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia relapse].

[Transliterated title] Leucemia cutis: expresión clínica de recaída de leucemia linfocítica crónica.

We present a 71 year old male patient with previous records of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia who presented with a tumoral skin lesion.

Histological and immunohistochemical studies confirmed the Leukaemia Cutis diagnosis.

[MeSH-major] Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / pathology. Leukemic Infiltration / pathology. Skin / pathology

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(PMID = 18426096.001).

[ISSN] 0014-6722

[Journal-full-title] Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas (Córdoba, Argentina)

[ISO-abbreviation] Rev Fac Cien Med Univ Nac Cordoba

[Language] spa

[Publication-type] Case Reports; English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Argentina

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; 18D0SL7309 / Chlorambucil

   

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[Title] Discordant results of flow cytometric ZAP-70 expression status in B-CLL samples if different gating strategies are applied.

BACKGROUND: Recent studies have identified ZAP-70 expression status as an excellent prognostic parameter in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).

METHODS: One hundred and one patients with B-CLL were analyzed employing a directly labeled alexa-fluor-488-ZAP-70-antibody.

RESULTS: Applying either T-/NK-cell isotype or healthy control analysis strategies on patient samples that were processed in parallel revealed discrepant results in 48% (12/25) of all cases.

Taken together with the 74 B-CLL patients, who were analyzed with regard to average reference values, disconcordant results were obtained in 58% of the samples.

We demonstrate that high variances in ZAP-70 T-/NK-cell staining within B-CLL patients, paired with a close proximity of ZAP-70 B-cell values to the suggested cut-off levels, may lead to interpretation difficulties of ZAP-70 status.

Further standardization is required before ZAP-70 can be used as a reliable prognostic parameter in immunophenotyping of B-CLL.

[MeSH-major] Flow Cytometry / methods. Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / diagnosis. ZAP-70 Protein-Tyrosine Kinase / analysis

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use. Biomarkers, Tumor / analysis. Biomarkers, Tumor / biosynthesis. Biomarkers, Tumor / immunology. Humans. Immunophenotyping. Kaplan-Meier Estimate. Killer Cells, Natural / immunology. Middle Aged. Reference Values. Reproducibility of Results. Survival Rate. T-Lymphocytes / immunology

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[Copyright] (c) 2006 International Society for Analytical Cytology.

(PMID = 16906574.001).

[ISSN] 1552-4949

[Journal-full-title] Cytometry. Part B, Clinical cytometry

[ISO-abbreviation] Cytometry B Clin Cytom

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; EC 2.7.10.2 / ZAP-70 Protein-Tyrosine Kinase; EC 2.7.10.2 / ZAP70 protein, human

   

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[Title] Increased proteasomal degradation of Bax is a common feature of poor prognosis chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

Many biologic markers are associated with poor prognosis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), but their mechanistic role remains unclear.

Using a Bax degradation activity (BDA) assay, CLL cells were found to show variable Bax instability.

However, BDA did not correlate with Bax protein levels: BDA positive and negative cases had high and low baseline Bax levels.

Patients with BDA positive cells had a shorter median overall survival (OS; 126 months vs not reached, P = .011) and time to first treatment (16 vs 156 months, P = .029) than BDA negative cases.

Dual BDA and ZAP-70 positivity had a median OS of 84 months (P = .012).

The BDA assay measures the intrinsic ubiquitin/proteasome activity of CLL cells and dynamic changes in Bax protein levels over time.

Mechanistically, Bax instability may represent a final common pathway for disparate prognostic markers, as well as being itself an indicator of poor prognosis.

[MeSH-major] Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / diagnosis. Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / metabolism. Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex / metabolism. Protein Processing, Post-Translational. bcl-2-Associated X Protein / metabolism

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(PMID = 18160666.001).

[ISSN] 0006-4971

[Journal-full-title] Blood

[ISO-abbreviation] Blood

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / Membrane Glycoproteins; 0 / bcl-2-Associated X Protein; EC 2.7.10.2 / ZAP-70 Protein-Tyrosine Kinase; EC 2.7.10.2 / ZAP70 protein, human; EC 3.2.2.5 / Antigens, CD38; EC 3.2.2.5 / CD38 protein, human; EC 3.4.25.1 / Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex

   

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METHODS: Macrophages from THP-1 monocytes and foam cells from macrophages by oxLDL inducement were treated with oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL) or oxLDL+ Pg-LPS.

Cell apoptosis was detected by acridine orange-ethidium bromide (AO-EB) staining.

RESULTS: Pg-LPS enhanced cell apoptosis rate during and after foam cells formation [(5.47+/-0.93)% vs. (7.50+/-0.54)%].

PCR array demonstrated that it increased B-cell CLL-lymphoma 2 (BCL2) related protein A1 (BCL2A1) transcription during foam cells formation (>2 fold), and promoted BCL2 and BCL2A1 transcription after foam cells formation (>2 fold).

CONCLUSIONS: Pg-LPS affected apoptotic gene transcription during and after foam cells formation and enhanced cell apoptosis.

[MeSH-minor] Caspase 3 / metabolism. Cell Line, Tumor. Cell Proliferation / drug effects. Gene Expression. Humans. Lipoproteins, LDL / pharmacology. Macrophages / physiology. Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / metabolism. Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc / metabolism. Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / metabolism

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(PMID = 20654241.001).

[ISSN] 1002-0098

[Journal-full-title] Zhonghua kou qiang yi xue za zhi = Zhonghua kouqiang yixue zazhi = Chinese journal of stomatology

[ISO-abbreviation] Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi

[Language] chi

[Publication-type] English Abstract; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] China

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / BCL2-related protein A1; 0 / Lipopolysaccharides; 0 / Lipoproteins, LDL; 0 / Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; 0 / Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc; 0 / Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; 0 / oxidized low density lipoprotein; EC 3.4.22.- / Caspase 3

   

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[Title] The PANE1 gene encodes a novel human minor histocompatibility antigen that is selectively expressed in B-lymphoid cells and B-CLL.

Minor histocompatibility antigens (mHAg's) are peptides encoded by polymorphic genes that are presented by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules and recognized by T cells in recipients of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplants.

Here we report that an alternative transcript of the proliferation-associated nuclear element 1 (PANE1) gene encodes a novel human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A(*)0301-restricted mHAg that is selectively expressed in B-lymphoid cells.

Sequencing of PANE1 alleles in mHAg-positive and mHAg-negative cells demonstrates that differential T-cell recognition is due to a single nucleotide polymorphism within the variant exon that replaces an arginine codon with a translation termination codon.

The PANE1 transcript that encodes the mHAg is expressed at high levels in resting CD19(+) B cells and B-lineage chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) cells, and at significantly lower levels in activated B cells.

Activation of B-CLL cells through CD40 ligand (CD40L) stimulation decreases expression of the mHAg-encoding PANE1 transcript and reciprocally increases expression of PANE1 transcripts lacking the mHAg-encoding exon.

These studies suggest distinct roles for different PANE1 isoforms in resting compared with activated CD19(+) cells, and identify PANE1 as a potential therapeutic target in B-CLL.

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(PMID = 16391015.001).

[ISSN] 0006-4971

[Journal-full-title] Blood

[ISO-abbreviation] Blood

[Language] ENG

[Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA18029; United States / NIAID NIH HHS / AI / AI339933; United States / NIAID NIH HHS / AI / AI44134; United States / NIAID NIH HHS / AI / AI20963; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA106512

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antigens, CD19; 0 / Epitopes; 0 / HLA-A Antigens; 0 / HLA-A*03:01 antigen; 0 / HLA-A3 Antigen; 0 / Minor Histocompatibility Antigens; 0 / Nuclear Proteins; 0 / proliferation associated nuclear element protein 1, human; 9007-49-2 / DNA

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC1895781

   

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[Title] [Mononeuropathy in chronic lymphatic leukaemia].

[Transliterated title] Mononeuropatía en la leucemia linfática crónica.

INTRODUCTION: Chronic lymphatic leukaemia (CLL) is the most frequent form of leukaemia in the adult population in western countries.

Only 7.2% of the complications of CLL are neurological and most of them are secondary to an infection by herpes zoster virus.

CASE REPORT: We report the case of a 71-year-old female with B-type CLL in stage IV or type C that was progressing and becoming diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (Richter's syndrome), who developed an incomplete axonotmesis of the left peroneal nerve and numerous violet-coloured nodules under the skin in the left knee.

Magnetic resonance imaging showed signs of diffuse infiltration into the subcutaneous tissue and the muscles of the left leg; a biopsy study of one of the subcutaneous nodules revealed a lymphoid infiltration by large B-cells.

In this patient, the injury to the left peroneal nerve was probably secondary to a lymphoid infiltration of the nerve from adjacent infiltrated soft tissues.

CONCLUSION: Peripheral neuropathy due to direct infiltration can be a neurological complication of CLL that has not be reported to date, but which is known to occur in other lymphoproliferative processes.

[MeSH-major] Leukemia, Lymphoid / complications. Nervous System Diseases / etiology

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Chronic Disease. Female. Humans. Karyotyping

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(PMID = 17668406.001).

[ISSN] 0210-0010

[Journal-full-title] Revista de neurologia

[ISO-abbreviation] Rev Neurol

[Language] spa

[Publication-type] Case Reports; English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Spain

   

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[Title] Eye involvement mimicking scleritis in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.

[MeSH-major] Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / pathology. Leukemic Infiltration / diagnosis. Sclera / pathology. Scleritis / diagnosis

[MeSH-minor] Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Diagnosis, Differential. Humans. Male

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(PMID = 15923522.001).

[ISSN] 0007-1161

[Journal-full-title] The British journal of ophthalmology

[ISO-abbreviation] Br J Ophthalmol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Letter

[Publication-country] England

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC1772664

   

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[Title] Increased risk for non-Hodgkin lymphoma in individuals with celiac disease and a potential familial association.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Celiac disease (CD), a common digestive disease, is well known to be associated with excess non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) risk.

However, there are only limited data on risk in the current era of serologic testing and human leukocytes antigen typing to screen for CD.

There is also no information on the role of family history of CD in relation to lymphoma risk.

METHODS: We identified 37,869 NHL, 8323 Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), and 13,842 chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients diagnosed in Sweden between 1965 and 2004, as well as 236,408 matched controls and 613,961 first-degree relatives.

RESULTS: Overall we found persons with a hospital discharge diagnosis of CD to have a 5.35-fold (95% CI, 3.56-8.06) increased NHL risk.

Risk of HL was borderline increased (OR=2.54, 95% CI, 0.99-6.56); however, there was no excess chronic lymphocytic leukemia risk.

Persons diagnosed with CD in 1975-1984, 1985-1994, and 1995-2004 had a 13.2-fold (95% CI, 3.63-48.0), 7.90-fold (95% CI, 3.38-18.5), and 3.84-fold (95% CI, 2.28-6.45) increased risk of NHL, respectively (P(trend)< .0001).

Future studies are needed to explore the roles of gluten intake, secondary intestinal inflammation, and susceptibility genes in relation to subsequent risk of developing lymphoma.

[MeSH-major] Celiac Disease / complications. Celiac Disease / genetics. Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / etiology

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Female. Humans. Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / etiology. Male. Middle Aged. Risk

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[CommentIn] Gastroenterology. 2009 Jan;136(1):32-4 [19041868.001]

(PMID = 18950631.001).

[ISSN] 1528-0012

[Journal-full-title] Gastroenterology

[ISO-abbreviation] Gastroenterology

[Language] eng

[Grant] United States / Intramural NIH HHS / / Z01 CP004410-31

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Other-IDs] NLM/ NIHMS339011; NLM/ PMC3227529

   

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[Title] ZAP-70 expression in normal pro/pre B cells, mature B cells, and in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

PURPOSE: The ZAP-70 gene is normally expressed in T and natural killer cells, where it is required for the T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling.

More recently, it has been described that ZAP-70 contributes to the B-cell development at early stages of B-cell differentiation in mice.

The purpose was to investigate the presence of ZAP-70 in normal pro/pre B cells and mature B cells and in tumoral cells from B-acute lymphoblastic leukemias (B-ALL).

Among tumoral cells, ZAP-70 was expressed in 56% of B-ALLs with pro/pre B-cell phenotype and in 4 of 6 Burkitt/ALL lymphomas.

CONCLUSIONS: Among normal B-cell subsets, ZAP-70 was found expressed in normal pro/pre B cells but not in a significant proportion of normal B cells with mature phenotype.

The lack of ZAP-70 expression in normal mature B cells suggests that its expression in mature-derived neoplasms with different cellular origin, such as Burkitt's lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia, might be due to an aberrant phenomenon.

[MeSH-major] B-Lymphocytes / metabolism. Burkitt Lymphoma / genetics. Gene Expression Regulation. Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic. Hematopoietic Stem Cells / metabolism. ZAP-70 Protein-Tyrosine Kinase / genetics

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Aged. Child. DNA Mutational Analysis. Humans. Middle Aged. Phenotype. Phosphorylation. Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / metabolism

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(PMID = 16467082.001).

[ISSN] 1078-0432

[Journal-full-title] Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research

[ISO-abbreviation] Clin. Cancer Res.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell; EC 2.7.10.2 / ZAP-70 Protein-Tyrosine Kinase; EC 2.7.10.2 / ZAP70 protein, human

   

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[Title] Baff serum level predicts time to first treatment in early chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

We analyzed the correlation between well-established biological parameters of prognostic relevance in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) [i.e. mutational status of the immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region (IgVH), ZAP-70 and CD38 expression] and serum levels of B cell-activating factor (BAFF of the TNF family) by evaluating the impact of these variables on the time to first treatment (TFT) in a series of 169 previously untreated CLL patients in Binet stage A.

Higher levels of BAFF were more frequently associated with female gender (P=0.02), younger age (P=0.01), Rai stage 0 (P=0.002), higher platelet count (P=0.005), mutated IgVH disease (P=0.002), higher occurrence of normal cytogenetic profile or presence of 13q deletion (P=0.02), low ZAP-70- (P=0.003), and CD38-expression (P=0.02).

Maximally selected log-rank statistic plot identified a serum BAFF concentration of 0.313 ng/mL as the best cut-off (P<0.0001).

This threshold recognized two subsets of patients with different TFT (P<0.0001).

Because in multivariate analysis soluble BAFF [Hazard ratio (HR), 8.23; confidence Interval (CI) 95%,3.0-22.6, P<0.0001] and mutational status of IgVH (HR=2.60; CI 95% 1.10-6.14, P=0.03) maintained the discriminating power their combined effect on clinical outcome was assessed.

(1) low-risk (n=93), patients with concordant IgVH(mut) and higher soluble BAFF;.

(2) intermediate-risk (n=50), patients with IgVH(mut) and low BAFF levels or IgVH(unmut) and soluble higher BAFF;(3) high-risk (n=26), patients with concordant IgVH (unmut) and low soluble BAFF, the 2-yr TFTs were, respectively, 95%, 85%, and 41% (P<0.0001).

In conclusion, our results indicate that in early B-cell CLL, the biological profile including among other parameters soluble BAFF may provide a useful insight into the complex interrelationship of prognostic variables.

[MeSH-major] B-Cell Activating Factor / blood. Biomarkers, Tumor / blood. Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / blood

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[Copyright] © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.

(PMID = 20546021.001).

[ISSN] 1600-0609

[Journal-full-title] European journal of haematology

[ISO-abbreviation] Eur. J. Haematol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / B-Cell Activating Factor; 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains; 0 / Immunoglobulin Variable Region; EC 2.7.10.2 / ZAP-70 Protein-Tyrosine Kinase; EC 2.7.10.2 / ZAP70 protein, human; EC 3.2.2.5 / Antigens, CD38

   

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We found that previous incubation of the host cells, but not the parasites, with Dynasore, a small molecule that inhibits dynamin GTPase activity, markedly reduced the penetration of T. gondii tachyzoites into LLC-MK2 cells.

In contrast, parasite adhesion to the host cell surface increased, as observed both by light and electron microscopy.

Intriguingly, the few parasites internalized by Dynasore-treated cells remained in vacuoles located at the periphery of the cell, in contrast to the perinuclear localization seen in the control.

[MeSH-minor] Animals. Cell Adhesion. Cell Line. Dose-Response Relationship, Drug. Host-Parasite Interactions. Humans. Hydrazones / administration & dosage. Macaca mulatta. Mice. Microscopy, Electron, Scanning. Microscopy, Electron, Transmission. Vacuoles / metabolism. Vacuoles / parasitology

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(PMID = 19817867.001).

[ISSN] 1574-6968

[Journal-full-title] FEMS microbiology letters

[ISO-abbreviation] FEMS Microbiol. Lett.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Hydrazones; 0 / N'-(3,4-dihydroxybenzylidene)-3-hydroxy-2-naphthahydrazide; EC 3.6.5.5 / Dynamins