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[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Intracranial Metastases of Cervical Intramedullary Low-Grade Astrocytoma without Malignant Transformation in Adult.

The first case of intracranial metastases of a cervical intramedullary low-grade astrocytoma without malignant transformation in adult is presented in this report.

Seven years ago, a 45 year-old male patient underwent biopsy to confirm pathologic characteristics and received craniocervical radiation and chemotherapy for a grade II astrocytoma in the cervical spinal cord.

The tumor at the cervical and brain lesions was classified as an astrocytoma (WHO grade II).

When a patient with low-grade astrocytoma in the spinal cord has new cranial symptoms after surgery, radiaton, and chemotherapy, the possibility of its metastasis should be suspected because it can spread to the intracranial cavity even without malignant transformation as shown in this case.

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(PMID = 19609424.001).

[ISSN] 2005-3711

[Journal-full-title] Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society

[ISO-abbreviation] J Korean Neurosurg Soc

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] Korea (South)

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2711238

[Keywords] NOTNLM ; Astrocytoma / Cranial metastases / Intramedullary / Spinal cord tumor

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Secondary supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumor following irradiation in a patient with low-grade astrocytoma.

We report a case of a supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) that occurred 12 years after cranial irradiation for a grade II astrocytoma.

Pathologic review assisted by immunohistochemical staining, however, revealed a high-grade PNET.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / radiotherapy. Brain Neoplasms / radiotherapy. Cranial Irradiation. Frontal Lobe. Image Processing, Computer-Assisted. Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced / diagnosis. Neoplasms, Second Primary / diagnosis. Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive / diagnosis. Supratentorial Neoplasms / diagnosis. Tomography, X-Ray Computed

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(PMID = 15661719.001).

[ISSN] 0195-6108

[Journal-full-title] AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology

[ISO-abbreviation] AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; 0 / Synaptophysin

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Loss of prostaglandin D2 synthase: a key molecular event in the transition of a low-grade astrocytoma to an anaplastic astrocytoma.

This finding has exciting implications for early interventional efforts for the grade 2 and 3 astrocytomas.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / enzymology. Astrocytoma / pathology. Intramolecular Oxidoreductases / deficiency

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(PMID = 18852145.001).

[ISSN] 1535-7163

[Journal-full-title] Molecular cancer therapeutics

[ISO-abbreviation] Mol. Cancer Ther.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; 0 / Lipocalins; EC 1.14.99.1 / Cyclooxygenase 2; EC 1.14.99.1 / PTGS2 protein, human; EC 5.3.- / Intramolecular Oxidoreductases; EC 5.3.99.2 / prostaglandin R2 D-isomerase; RXY07S6CZ2 / Prostaglandin D2

   

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[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Proliferation and programmed cell death: role of p53 protein in high and low grade astrocytoma.

p53 is a cell cycle regulator that has been well-recognized as the key molecule that triggers the induction and the control of cell proliferation and apoptosis in a wide variety of tumours, including astrocytoma.

The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation of p53 expression with the apoptotic index (AI) and the cell proliferation index (PI) in pilocytic astrocytoma (PA) and glioblastoma multiforme (GBM).

A correlation of p53 expression with AI and PI was found in pilocytic astrocytoma but not in glioblastoma, probably because of the mutated p53 phenotype in the latter.

[MeSH-major] Apoptosis / physiology. Astrocytoma / pathology. Central Nervous System Neoplasms / pathology. Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / biosynthesis

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(PMID = 18383819.001).

[ISSN] 0250-7005

[Journal-full-title] Anticancer research

[ISO-abbreviation] Anticancer Res.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] Greece

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / TP53 protein, human; 0 / Tumor Suppressor Protein p53

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Surgical outcome of low grade astrocytoma of brain.

This study was carried out in the department of Neurosurgery, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh, during the period of January 2003 to December 2006 to elucidate the effectiveness of surgical treatment in the management of low grade astrocytoma of brain.

For this purpose, a total number of 50 cases admitted during the study period with low grade astrocytoma of brain supported by clinical features and radiological investigations (CT and MRI scan) were included in this study.

Out of 50 patients 60.0% had gross total removal of tumor and 40.0% sub total tumor resection.

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(PMID = 20395910.001).

[ISSN] 1022-4742

[Journal-full-title] Mymensingh medical journal : MMJ

[ISO-abbreviation] Mymensingh Med J

[Language] ENG

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] Bangladesh

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Contrast Media

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] PET Imaging of cerebral astrocytoma with 13N-ammonia.

We performed this study in order to assess the clinical potential of (13)N-ammonia PET in patients with cerebral astrocytoma.

RESULTS: Six out of nine cases of low-grade gliomas were detected with 13N-ammonia PET, and three non-astrocytoma low-grade gliomas were not detected with 13N-ammonia PET.

All 11 high-grade astrocytomas exhibited markedly increased uptake of 13N-ammonia.

The five non-neoplastic lesions exhibited low uptake, low T/W ratios and low PI.

The significant differences were observed between high-grade and low-grade gliomas with respect to both the T/W ratios and PI (T/W ratios: 5.92+/-2.27, n=11 vs. 1.66+/-0.61, n=9, P<0.01; PI: 5.22+/-1.67, n=11 vs. 1.60+/-0.54, n=9, P<0.01).

There were the significant differences between the T/W ratios and PI in low-grade astrocytomas and that in non-neoplastic lesions (T/W ratios: 2.00+/-0.42, n=6 vs. 0.97+/-0.11, n=5, P<0.01; PI: 1.89+/-0.37, n=6 vs. 0.99+/-0.03, n=5, P<0.01).

13N-ammonia PET may enable differentiation between low- and high-grade astrocytomas, and has the potential to enable differentiation between low-grade astrocytomas and non-neoplastic lesions.

[MeSH-major] Ammonia. Astrocytoma / radionuclide imaging. Brain Neoplasms / radionuclide imaging. Nitrogen Isotopes. Positron-Emission Tomography / methods

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(PMID = 16739028.001).

[ISSN] 0167-594X

[Journal-full-title] Journal of neuro-oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Neurooncol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Clinical Trial; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Netherlands

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Nitrogen Isotopes; 0 / Radiopharmaceuticals; 7664-41-7 / Ammonia

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Low grade astrocytoma of the pituitary stalk.

A case of low grade astrocytoma (WHO grade II) localised in the pituitary stalk is reported in a 46 year old female who presented with central diabetes insipidus.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / surgery. Pituitary Neoplasms / surgery

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(PMID = 17242848.001).

[ISSN] 0942-0940

[Journal-full-title] Acta neurochirurgica

[ISO-abbreviation] Acta Neurochir (Wien)

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Austria

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; 0 / Ki-67 Antigen

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] [Natural history of supratentorial low-grade astrocytoma: case report].

Low-grade astrocytomas comprise a group of primary brain neoplasms with relatively low anaplastic potential, although through time they tend to behave more aggressively.

This report presents a natural history of a patient with low grade astrocytoma.

Initial computerized tomography and magnetic resonance of brain revealed oval, 4 cm in diameter, lesion in the left parietal region that was considered as low-grade glioma.

The described patient with low-grade astrocytoma lived without any oncological treatment eight years and four months from the time when diagnosis was made until intracranial herniation.

The natural history of disease in presented patient indicated that rational therapeutic strategy, for low-grade astrocytoma with epilepsy only, would be deferral of surgery until the time of manifestation of neurological or radiological deterioration.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma. Brain Neoplasms. Parietal Lobe

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(PMID = 17304770.001).

[ISSN] 0370-8179

[Journal-full-title] Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo

[ISO-abbreviation] Srp Arh Celok Lek

[Language] srp

[Publication-type] Case Reports; English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Serbia and Montenegro

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Midline facial defects with hypertelorism and low-grade astrocytoma: a previously undescribed association.

We report on a child with midline facial defects with hypertelorism (MFDH), median cleft lip, sphenoidal ventriculocele, partial agenesis of the corpus callosum, and low-grade astrocytoma in the cervicomedullary junction.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / complications. Brain Neoplasms / complications. Craniofacial Abnormalities / complications. Hypertelorism / complications

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(PMID = 17105323.001).

[ISSN] 1055-6656

[Journal-full-title] The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association

[ISO-abbreviation] Cleft Palate Craniofac. J.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Long-term survival and functional status of patients with low-grade astrocytoma of spinal cord.

PURPOSE: To determine survival and changes in neurologic function and Karnofsky performance status (KPS) in a series of patients treated for low-grade astrocytoma of the spinal cord during the past two decades.

METHODS: This study consisted of 14 patients with pathologically confirmed low-grade astrocytoma of the spinal cord who were treated between 1980 and 2003.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / mortality. Spinal Cord Neoplasms / mortality

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(PMID = 16111576.001).

[ISSN] 0360-3016

[Journal-full-title] International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics

[ISO-abbreviation] Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Long-term efficacy of early versus delayed radiotherapy for low-grade astrocytoma and oligodendroglioma in adults: the EORTC 22845 randomised trial.

BACKGROUND: Postoperative policies of "wait-and-see" and radiotherapy for low-grade glioma are poorly defined.

Patients with low-grade astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma, mixed oligoastrocytoma, and incompletely resected pilocytic astrocytoma, with a WHO performance status 0-2 were eligible.

Radiotherapy could be deferred for patients with low-grade glioma who are in a good condition, provided they are carefully monitored.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / radiotherapy. Central Nervous System Neoplasms / radiotherapy. Oligodendroglioma / radiotherapy

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Aged. Disease Progression. Disease-Free Survival. Female. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Radiotherapy Dosage. Survival Rate

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[CommentIn] Lancet Oncol. 2005 Dec;6(12):921; author reply 922 [16321759.001]

[ErratumIn] Lancet. 2006 Jun 3;367(9525):1818

(PMID = 16168780.001).

[ISSN] 1474-547X

[Journal-full-title] Lancet (London, England)

[ISO-abbreviation] Lancet

[Language] eng

[Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / 5U10 CA11488-; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / 5U10 CA11488-16

[Publication-type] Clinical Trial; Comparative Study; Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

[Publication-country] England

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Primitive neuroectodermal tumour arising within low grade astrocytoma: transformation, de novo or radiation induced? Report of three cases and review of literature.

The transformation from low grade to aggressive astrocytoma is well known.

However, the development of a completely different tumour such as a primitive neuroectodermal tumour (PNET) within a low grade astrocytoma (LGA) is rare.

All three patients had histologically proven low-grade astrocytoma and received radiotherapy following biopsy.

Two patients underwent partial resection for recurrence, one at five and the other ten years later with histological confirmation of low-grade astrocytoma.

Histology now revealed high grade PNET.

Among the six reported cases of PNET arising following prophylactic radiation therapy to low grade astrocytomas, only two occurred within the original tumour.

Whether these cases represent transformation of low-grade astrocytoma, de novo formation of new tumour or radiation induced neoplasm is uncertain.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / radiotherapy. Brain Neoplasms / radiotherapy. Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced / etiology. Neoplasms, Second Primary / etiology. Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive / etiology

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(PMID = 18568729.001).

[ISSN] 0268-8697

[Journal-full-title] British journal of neurosurgery

[ISO-abbreviation] Br J Neurosurg

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] England

[Number-of-references] 14

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Long-term survival in children under 3 years of age with low-grade astrocytoma.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to analyze clinical aspects and disease-free survival (DFS) in children less than 3 years of age diagnosed with low-grade astrocytoma.

Twenty-three patients had pilocytic astrocytoma, 18 diffused, and 2 mixed.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / therapy. Brain Neoplasms / therapy

[MeSH-minor] Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use. Child, Preschool. Combined Modality Therapy. Disease Progression. Female. Humans. Infant. Infant, Newborn. Male. Neurosurgical Procedures. Postoperative Complications / epidemiology. Retrospective Studies. Survival Analysis. Treatment Outcome

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(PMID = 17226033.001).

[ISSN] 0256-7040

[Journal-full-title] Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery

[ISO-abbreviation] Childs Nerv Syst

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] Germany

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antineoplastic Agents

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Vincristine and carboplatin chemotherapy for unresectable and/or recurrent low-grade astrocytoma of the brainstem.

BACKGROUND: Radiotherapy remains a widely accepted postoperative treatment modality for unresectable or recurrent low-grade glioma (LGG).

[MeSH-major] Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use. Astrocytoma / drug therapy. Brain Stem. Brain Stem Neoplasms / drug therapy

[MeSH-minor] Carboplatin / administration & dosage. Child. Child, Preschool. Disease Progression. Female. Humans. Infant. Male. Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / drug therapy. Vincristine / administration & dosage

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[Copyright] 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

(PMID = 20535831.001).

[ISSN] 1545-5017

[Journal-full-title] Pediatric blood & cancer

[ISO-abbreviation] Pediatr Blood Cancer

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 5J49Q6B70F / Vincristine; BG3F62OND5 / Carboplatin

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Low-grade astrocytoma in a child with encephalocraniocutaneous lipomatosis.

In the present article, we describe a 3-year-old boy with ECCL who developed an extensive and recurring intraventricular low-grade glioma with atypical pathological features and elevated mitotic index.

This is the first report of a low-grade astrocytoma occurring in a child with ECCL.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / complications. Brain Neoplasms / complications. Lipomatosis / complications. Neurocutaneous Syndromes / complications

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(PMID = 19652916.001).

[ISSN] 1573-7373

[Journal-full-title] Journal of neuro-oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Neurooncol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Intramedullary low grade astrocytoma and ependymoma. Surgical results and predicting factors for clinical outcome.

RESULTS: Forty-four patients were included (29 ependymomas World Health Organization (WHO) grades I or II, 8 astrocytomas WHO grade I, and 7 astrocytomas WHO grade II).

Complete tumor resection was achieved in 79% of ependymomas, 50% of astrocytomas WHO grade I, and 14% of astrocytomas WHO grade II (significantly more often in ependymomas than in astrocytomas, p < 0.05).

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / surgery. Ependymoma / surgery. Spinal Cord Neoplasms / surgery

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(PMID = 20119838.001).

[ISSN] 0942-0940

[Journal-full-title] Acta neurochirurgica

[ISO-abbreviation] Acta Neurochir (Wien)

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] Austria

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Low-grade astrocytoma causing calvarial scalloping.

Only 1 case of low-grade astrocytoma causing calvarial erosion has been reported in the literature of the CT era.

We report the first case of a low-grade astrocytoma causing calvarial erosion in an adolescent.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / diagnosis. Astrocytoma / surgery. Brain Neoplasms / diagnosis. Brain Neoplasms / surgery. Osteolysis / pathology. Osteolysis / surgery. Parietal Lobe / pathology. Parietal Lobe / surgery. Skull / pathology. Skull / surgery

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[Copyright] Copyright (c) 2007 S. Karger AG, Basel.

(PMID = 17337932.001).

[ISSN] 1016-2291

[Journal-full-title] Pediatric neurosurgery

[ISO-abbreviation] Pediatr Neurosurg

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Switzerland

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Early genetic changes involved in low-grade astrocytic tumor development.

The most malignant grade of these tumors, glioblastoma multiforme, may arise as a malignant progression from low-grade astrocytoma through anaplastic astrocytoma to secondary GBM, or else it may arise "de novo" as primary GBM.

Since malignant transformation is a multistep process, we summarize in this review the earliest genetic changes that seem to be involved in the appearance and development of low-grade astrocytic tumors, where early detection and treatment could be possible.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / genetics. Brain Neoplasms / genetics. Glioblastoma / genetics. Models, Genetic. Tumor Suppressor Proteins / genetics

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(PMID = 17022734.001).

[ISSN] 1566-5240

[Journal-full-title] Current molecular medicine

[ISO-abbreviation] Curr. Mol. Med.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] Netherlands

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Tumor Suppressor Proteins

[Number-of-references] 80

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Low-grade astrocytoma associated with abscess formation: case report and literature review.

A rare case of low-grade astrocytoma associated with abscess formation occurred in a 52-year-old man presenting with Broca's aphasia.

Literature related to brain abscess with brain tumor is reviewed, with an emphasis on abscesses with astrocytoma.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / complications. Brain Abscess / etiology. Brain Neoplasms / complications

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(PMID = 18508424.001).

[ISSN] 1607-551X

[Journal-full-title] The Kaohsiung journal of medical sciences

[ISO-abbreviation] Kaohsiung J. Med. Sci.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] China (Republic : 1949- )

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Our patient is a 61 year old woman treated with cranial irradiation 15 years previously for a low grade astrocytoma in the left posterior temporal lobe that was recently diagnosed with medulloblastoma in the right cerebellum.

[MeSH-minor] Astrocytoma / radiotherapy. Brain Neoplasms / radiotherapy. Craniotomy. Female. Humans. Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Middle Aged. Neurosurgical Procedures. Temporal Lobe / pathology

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(PMID = 16710747.001).

[ISSN] 0167-594X

[Journal-full-title] Journal of neuro-oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Neurooncol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Netherlands

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Comparison of functional outcomes in low- and high-grade astrocytoma rehabilitation inpatients.

OBJECTIVES: To compare inpatient rehabilitation outcomes between patients with low- and high-grade astrocytoma.

A high-grade (21 of 443 patients) and low-grade astrocytoma (21 of 24 patients) group were matched on three of five criteria in the order of importance: area of brain involvement (divided into left cerebral, right cerebral, midline and/or bilateral cerebral, and infratentorial), single vs. multiple intracranial neurosurgical procedures, age (within 10 yrs), period of rehabilitation admission (within 3 yrs), and sex.

The high-grade group had significantly (P < 0.05) higher total gain and longer stay in inpatient rehabilitation (mean +/- standard deviation, 21.7 +/- 10.1 vs. 13.0 +/- 9.3 and 13 +/- 7.1 day vs. 9 +/- 6.2 days, respectively) than did the low-grade astrocytoma group.

CONCLUSIONS: Compared with patients with low-grade astrocytoma, patients with high-grade astrocytoma had higher total functional independence measure gain but also longer lengths of stay.

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(PMID = 20068429.001).

[ISSN] 1537-7385

[Journal-full-title] American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitation

[ISO-abbreviation] Am J Phys Med Rehabil

[Language] ENG

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Unusual dissemination patterns of low-grade astrocytomas in childhood.

CONTEXT: Low-grade astrocytomas are intracerebral lesions of relatively high frequency in the under-18 pediatric population.

We describe here four cases of children with low-grade astrocytoma with aggressive dissemination to the neuroaxis.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / secondary. Brain Neoplasms / pathology. Meningeal Neoplasms / secondary

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(PMID = 18392413.001).

[ISSN] 0004-282X

[Journal-full-title] Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria

[ISO-abbreviation] Arq Neuropsiquiatr

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Brazil

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase and vascular endothelial growth factor in association with neovascularization in human primary astrocytoma.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and angiogenesis in primary astrocytoma.

METHODS: Thirty-seven primary astrocytomas and 4 astrocytic hyperplasia samples were collected and divided into three groups according to histological grade.

The expression of eNOS or VEGF was light in low-grade astrocytoma and strong in glioblastoma. eNOS expression in astrocytoma was very positively correlated with VEGF. eNOS and VEGF expression in anaplastic astrocytoma was median in contrast to the low grade astrocytoma and glioblastoma.

Lower microvascular density was found in low grade astrocytoma than that in higher grade malignant ones.

CONCLUSION: This finding suggests that eNOS and VEGF may have cooperative effect in tumor angiogenesis and play an important role in the pathogenesis of primary astrocytoma.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / blood supply. Astrocytoma / metabolism. Biomarkers, Tumor / metabolism. Neovascularization, Pathologic / metabolism. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / metabolism

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[Cites] Blood. 2000 Jan 1;95(1):189-97 [10607702.001]

[Cites] Cardiovasc Res. 1999 Mar;41(3):773-80 [10435050.001]

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(PMID = 15973775.001).

[ISSN] 1673-1581

[Journal-full-title] Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B

[ISO-abbreviation] J Zhejiang Univ Sci B

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Clinical Trial; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] China

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC1389807

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] [Optic pathway astrocytoma: an unusual cause of failure to thrive in infants].

[Transliterated title] Astrocitoma de vías ópticas: una causa infrecuente de retraso ponderal en el lactante.

We report a case of low-grade astrocytoma of the optic pathway in a 2-month-old child whose main symptoms at diagnosis were failure to thrive and anorexia.

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(PMID = 17583627.001).

[ISSN] 1695-4033

[Journal-full-title] Anales de pediatría (Barcelona, Spain : 2003)

[ISO-abbreviation] An Pediatr (Barc)

[Language] spa

[Publication-type] Case Reports; English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Spain

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Although these tumors can be quite challenging to manage, they are typically low-grade astrocytomas histologically, most commonly pilocytic astrocytomas.

The authors report the first case in the English literature of an OPG that transformed from a low-grade astrocytoma, with features most consistent with a pilocytic astrocytoma, to a malignant glioma without any exposure to radiation therapy.

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(PMID = 20433265.001).

[ISSN] 1933-0715

[Journal-full-title] Journal of neurosurgery. Pediatrics

[ISO-abbreviation] J Neurosurg Pediatr

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; 7GR28W0FJI / Dacarbazine; 85622-93-1 / temozolomide

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Functional outcome after low-grade astrocytoma treatment in childhood.

BACKGROUND: The relatively high survival rate of patients with low-grade astrocytoma necessitates increasing attention to physical and psychosocial outcomes.

The objective of the current study was to investigate functional outcomes among children who were treated for low-grade or pilocytic astrocytoma in different areas of the brain.

CONCLUSIONS: At long-term follow-up, children who had low-grade or pilocytic astrocytomas were found to have poor functional outcomes, depending on tumor site, age, and recurrence.

Therefore, the authors suggest a long-term follow-up of children who are treated for low-grade or pilocytic astrocytomas at a young age to detect and subsequently offer support focused on the medical and cognitive impairments as well as on the behavioral and social consequences of their disease.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / therapy. Brain Neoplasms / therapy. Disabled Children. Quality of Life

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(PMID = 16353203.001).

[ISSN] 0008-543X

[Journal-full-title] Cancer

[ISO-abbreviation] Cancer

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

The features noted are suggestive of a probable better prognosis in this variant of low-grade astrocytoma.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / pathology. Cerebral Ventricle Neoplasms / pathology

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(PMID = 19291000.001).

[ISSN] 1750-3639

[Journal-full-title] Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland)

[ISO-abbreviation] Brain Pathol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Switzerland

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; 0 / S100 Proteins

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Echo-planar diffusion-weighted MR images of 27 patients with glioblastoma multiforme, five patients with low-grade astrocytoma, five patients with gliomatosis cerebri, and nine patients with primary lymphoma infiltrating the corpus callosum were reviewed retrospectively.

RESULTS: The mean ADC of glioblastoma multiforme was 1.13 +/- 0.31 (SD) x 10(-3) mm(2)/s, and the mean tumor to corpus callosum ADC ratio was 1.51 +/- 0.46; of low-grade astrocytoma, 1.14 +/- 0.23 x 10(-3) mm(2)/s and 1.54 +/- 0.28; gliomatosis cerebri, 1.01 +/- 0.20 x 10(-3) mm(2)/s and 1.31 +/- 0.36; and lymphoma, 0.71 +/- 0.13 x 10(-3) mm(2)/s and 0.93 +/- 0.19.

The difference between the mean tumor to corpus callosum ADC ratio of lymphoma and that of all grades of astrocytoma (1.48 +/- 0.43) was statistically significant (p < 0.001).

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / pathology. Brain Neoplasms / pathology. Corpus Callosum / pathology. Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging / methods. Glioblastoma / pathology. Lymphoma / pathology. Water / metabolism

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(PMID = 19843757.001).

[ISSN] 1546-3141

[Journal-full-title] AJR. American journal of roentgenology

[ISO-abbreviation] AJR Am J Roentgenol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 059QF0KO0R / Water

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] No aberrant methylation of neurofibromatosis 1 gene (NF1) promoter in pilocytic astrocytoma in childhood.

With 30-40% of this heterogenous group, low-grade astrocytomas represent the most common subtype.

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is strongly associated with the development of pilocytic astrocytoma (PA), frequently appearing as optic glioma.

To rule out that silencing of NF1 by promoter methylation is restricted to higher-grade astrocytomas, 15 pediatric WHO II degree and IV degree astrocytomas were analyzed: 12 astrocytomas II and 3 glioblastomas displayed no NF1 promoter methylation.

The authors conclude that NF1 silencing by methylation plays no role in low-grade astrocytoma.

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(PMID = 15770836.001).

[ISSN] 0888-0018

[Journal-full-title] Pediatric hematology and oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] Pediatr Hematol Oncol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Neurofibromin 1

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Gamma knife stereotactic radiosurgery for low-grade astrocytomas.

Patients with low-grade astrocytoma (LGA; 8 pilocytic astrocytomas, 2 subependymal giant cell astrocytomas, 2 fibrillary astrocytomas) were selected for treatment with gamma knife stereotactic radiosurgery (GKSRS) based on having a demarcated appearance on CT or MRI and the possibility of dose sparing of adjacent eloquent structures.

GKSRS can provide local control in cases of unresectable or recurrent LGA with a low incidence of side effects in carefully selected patients.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / surgery. Brain Neoplasms / surgery. Radiosurgery / methods

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[Copyright] 2009 S. Karger AG, Basel.

(PMID = 19321969.001).

[ISSN] 1423-0372

[Journal-full-title] Stereotactic and functional neurosurgery

[ISO-abbreviation] Stereotact Funct Neurosurg

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Switzerland

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Patients with a complete (CR) or partial (PR) response or stable disease (SD) could continue temozolomide for up to 12 cycles.

PRs occurred in 1 of 23 evaluable patients with high-grade astrocytoma, 1 of 21 with low-grade astrocytoma, and 3 of 25 with medulloblastoma/primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET).

Notably, 41% of patients with low-grade astrocytoma had SD through 12 courses.

The most frequent toxicities were grade 3 or 4 neutropenia (19%) and thrombocytopenia (25%); nonhematologic toxicity was infrequent.

CONCLUSIONS: Although overall objective responses were limited, further exploration of temozolomide may be warranted in children with medulloblastoma and other PNETs, or in patients with low-grade astrocytoma, perhaps in a setting of less pretreatment than the patients in the current study, or in the context of multiagent therapy.

[MeSH-minor] Administration, Oral. Adolescent. Adult. Astrocytoma / drug therapy. Central Nervous System Neoplasms / drug therapy. Child. Child, Preschool. Drug Administration Schedule. Ependymoma / drug therapy. Female. Humans. Infant. Male. Medulloblastoma / drug therapy. Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive / drug therapy. Treatment Outcome

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(PMID = 17705175.001).

[ISSN] 0008-543X

[Journal-full-title] Cancer

[ISO-abbreviation] Cancer

[Language] eng

[Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA13539; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA30969; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U10 CA98543

[Publication-type] Clinical Trial, Phase II; Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; 7GR28W0FJI / Dacarbazine; 85622-93-1 / temozolomide

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] WHO grade-specific comparative genomic hybridization pattern of astrocytoma - a meta-analysis.

To identify aberration profiles characteristic of World Health Organization (WHO) grade I, II, III, and IV astrocytoma, we performed a meta-analysis of detailed genome wide CGH data of all 467 cases published so far.

Low-grade astrocytoma has already demonstrated one characteristic of glioblastoma multiforme, gain of chromosome 7 with a hot spot at 7q32, but without loss of chromosome 10.

In anaplastic astrocytoma, a more complex aberration pattern emerges from diffuse genetic imbalances.

To quantify the gradual transition from WHO grade II-IV astrocytoma, we calculated the relative increase and decrease in frequency for each detected aberration of the tumor genome.

The most pronounced and diverse changes of genetic material occur at the virtual transition from low-grade to anaplastic astrocytoma.

Summing up, the expansion of the CGH results to the 850 GTG-band resolution enabled a meta-analysis to visualize WHO grade-specific aberration profiles in astrocytoma.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / genetics. Brain Neoplasms / genetics. Chromosome Aberrations. Comparative Genomic Hybridization. Glioblastoma / genetics. World Health Organization

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[Copyright] Copyright © 2010 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

(PMID = 20570053.001).

[ISSN] 1618-0631

[Journal-full-title] Pathology, research and practice

[ISO-abbreviation] Pathol. Res. Pract.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Meta-Analysis

[Publication-country] Germany

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

A low-grade astrocytoma was diagnosed in the right frontal lobe.

[MeSH-major] Arrhythmias, Cardiac / etiology. Arrhythmias, Cardiac / physiopathology. Astrocytoma / complications. Brain Neoplasms / complications. Frontal Lobe / pathology

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(PMID = 16688017.001).

[ISSN] 1074-7931

[Journal-full-title] The neurologist

[ISO-abbreviation] Neurologist

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] IDH1 mutations in low-grade astrocytomas predict survival but not response to temozolomide.

Patients with high-grade astrocytomas with IDH1 or IDH2 mutations were reported to have a better survival, but it is unknown if this improved survival also holds for low-grade astrocytoma and whether these mutations predict outcome to specific treatment.

METHODS: We retrospectively investigated the correlation of IDH1 and IDH2 mutations with overall survival and response to temozolomide in a cohort of patients with dedifferentiated low-grade astrocytomas treated with temozolomide at the time of progression after radiotherapy.

[MeSH-major] Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating / therapeutic use. Astrocytoma. Brain Neoplasms. Dacarbazine / analogs & derivatives. Isocitrate Dehydrogenase / genetics. Mutation / genetics

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(PMID = 19933982.001).

[ISSN] 1526-632X

[Journal-full-title] Neurology

[ISO-abbreviation] Neurology

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Clinical Trial; Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; 7GR28W0FJI / Dacarbazine; 85622-93-1 / temozolomide; EC 1.1.1.41 / Isocitrate Dehydrogenase; EC 1.1.1.41 / isocitrate dehydrogenase 2, human; EC 1.1.1.42. / IDH1 protein, human

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Most result from de-differentiation from low grade astrocytoma (secondary glioblastoma) or can develop de novo (primary glioblastoma).

[MeSH-major] Cerebellar Neoplasms / pathology. Genetic Predisposition to Disease / genetics. Glioblastoma / pathology. Mutation / genetics. Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / genetics

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(PMID = 19319469.001).

[ISSN] 0942-0940

[Journal-full-title] Acta neurochirurgica

[ISO-abbreviation] Acta Neurochir (Wien)

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Austria

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / Tumor Suppressor Protein p53

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Pilomyxoid astrocytoma in a patient with neurofibromatosis.

Pilomyxoid astrocytoma (PMA), a recently described variant of low-grade astrocytoma is associated with a high rate of recurrence and a propensity for CSF seeding.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / surgery. Cerebral Ventricle Neoplasms / surgery. Neoplasms, Second Primary / surgery. Neurofibromatosis 1 / surgery

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(PMID = 15800886.001).

[ISSN] 1545-5009

[Journal-full-title] Pediatric blood & cancer

[ISO-abbreviation] Pediatr Blood Cancer

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

We aimed to prospectively analyze correlations between clinical features and histological classification of multi-segment intramedullary spinal cord tumors (MSICTs), and the extent of microsurgical resection and functional outcomes.

Ependymoma was the most frequent MSICT type, seen in 22 of 56 patients (39%), followed by low grade astrocytoma (17 patients, 30%) and glioblastoma multiforme (3 patients, 5%).

The histological classification of the tumor was the most important factor influencing the extent of surgical removal (chi2=22.17, p=0.00).

Thus, MSICTs were most commonly seen in the medullo cervical and cervicothoracic regions, with ependymoma and low grade astrocytoma the most common tumour types.

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(PMID = 19303302.001).

[ISSN] 0967-5868

[Journal-full-title] Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia

[ISO-abbreviation] J Clin Neurosci

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Clinical Trial; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Scotland

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Expression of targeting protein for Xenopus kinesin-like protein 2 is associated with progression of human malignant astrocytoma.

However, the contribution of TPX2 expression to astrocytoma progression is unclear.

The aim of this study was to investigate TPX2 expression in human astrocytoma samples and cell lines.

TPX2 protein expression was detected in the nucleus of astrocytoma tissues by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining.

Real-time PCR and Western blot analysis showed that the expression levels of TPX2 were higher in high-grade astrocytoma tissues and cell lines than that in low-grade astrocytoma tissues and normal cell lines.

Immunohistochemical analysis of tumor tissues from 52 patients with astrocytoma showed that TPX2 over-expression was significantly associated with decreased patient survival.

These data suggest that TPX2 expression is associated with the progression of malignant astrocytoma.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / genetics. Brain Neoplasms / genetics. Cell Cycle Proteins / genetics. Microtubule-Associated Proteins / genetics. Nuclear Proteins / genetics

[MeSH-minor] Apoptosis. Aurora Kinases. Brain / metabolism. Cell Division. Cell Line, Tumor. Cyclin B1 / genetics. Cyclin D1 / genetics. Disease Progression. Down-Regulation. Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic. Humans. Immunohistochemistry. Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases / genetics. Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc / genetics. Survival Rate. Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / genetics

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(PMID = 20599806.001).

[ISSN] 1872-6240

[Journal-full-title] Brain research

[ISO-abbreviation] Brain Res.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] Netherlands

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Cell Cycle Proteins; 0 / Cyclin B1; 0 / Microtubule-Associated Proteins; 0 / Nuclear Proteins; 0 / Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc; 0 / TPX2 protein, human; 0 / Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; 136601-57-5 / Cyclin D1; EC 2.7.11.1 / Aurora Kinases; EC 2.7.11.1 / Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Intrinsic tectal low grade astrocytomas: is surgical removal an alternative treatment? Long-term outcome of eight cases.

Low-grade gliomas arising in dorsal midbrain in children and young patients usually present few neurological symptoms and findings, and patients management is controversial.

We present a retrospective analysis of eight patients (mean age 16.6 +/- 11.5 years-old) with low-grade astrocytoma of the tectal region operated on using an infratentorial/supracerebellar approach between 1981 and 2002.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / surgery. Brain Neoplasms / surgery

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(PMID = 15830063.001).

[ISSN] 0004-282X

[Journal-full-title] Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria

[ISO-abbreviation] Arq Neuropsiquiatr

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Brazil

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Somatic induction of Pten loss in a preclinical astrocytoma model reveals major roles in disease progression and avenues for target discovery and validation.

High-grade astrocytomas are invariably deadly and minimally responsive to therapy.

Pten is frequently mutated in aggressive astrocytoma but not in low-grade astrocytoma.

However, the Pten astrocytoma suppression mechanisms are unknown.

Here we introduced conditional null alleles of Pten (Pten(loxp/loxp)) into a genetically engineered mouse astrocytoma model [TgG(deltaZ)T121] in which the pRb family proteins are inactivated specifically in astrocytes.

Depletion of Pten function in adult astrocytoma cells alleviated the apoptosis evoked by pRb family protein inactivation and also induced tumor cell invasion.

Thus, we show that Pten deficiency in pRb-deficient astrocytoma cells contributes to tumor progression via multiple mechanisms, including suppression of apoptosis, increased cell invasion, and angiogenesis, all of which are hallmarks of high-grade astrocytoma.

These studies not only provide mechanistic insight into the role of Pten in astrocytoma suppression but also describe a valuable animal model for preclinical testing that is coupled with a primary cell-based system for target discovery and drug screening.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / pathology. Brain Neoplasms / pathology. Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases / physiology. Tumor Suppressor Proteins / physiology

[MeSH-minor] Alleles. Animals. Apoptosis / genetics. Disease Models, Animal. Disease Progression. Female. Genes, Tumor Suppressor. Male. Mice. Mice, Transgenic. Neoplasm Invasiveness. Neovascularization, Pathologic / genetics. Neovascularization, Pathologic / pathology. PTEN Phosphohydrolase. Retinoblastoma Protein / deficiency. Retinoblastoma Protein / physiology

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(PMID = 15958561.001).

[ISSN] 0008-5472

[Journal-full-title] Cancer research

[ISO-abbreviation] Cancer Res.

[Language] eng

[Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U01-CA84314

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Retinoblastoma Protein; 0 / Tumor Suppressor Proteins; EC 3.1.3.48 / Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; EC 3.1.3.48 / Pten protein, mouse; EC 3.1.3.67 / PTEN Phosphohydrolase

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

During surgery of a low-grade astrocytoma and a metastasis, we acquired ultrasound (US) radiofrequency (RF) data with a hand-held probe at the dura mater.

[MeSH-minor] Algorithms. Astrocytoma / surgery. Astrocytoma / ultrasonography. Dura Mater. Elasticity. Humans. Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / methods. Pulsatile Flow. Stress, Mechanical

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(PMID = 15653230.001).

[ISSN] 0301-5629

[Journal-full-title] Ultrasound in medicine & biology

[ISO-abbreviation] Ultrasound Med Biol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] England

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Here, we examined (a) the degree of regulation of GAPDH expression in human glioblastoma cells under hypoxic conditions in vitro in comparison to other housekeeping genes like beta-actin, serving as experimental loading controls, (b) the potential use of GAPDH as a target for tumor therapeutic approaches and (c) differences in GAPDH expression between low-grade astrocytomas and glioblastomas, for which modest and severe hypoxia, respectively, have been previously demonstrated.

GAPDH and beta-actin expression was comparatively examined in vivo in human low-grade astrocytoma and glioblastoma on both protein and mRNA level, by Western blot and semiquantitative RT-PCR, respectively.

In addition, GAPDH expression was similar in patient tumor samples of low-grade astrocytoma and glioblastoma, suggesting a lack of hypoxic regulation in vivo.

[MeSH-minor] Actins / genetics. Astrocytoma / genetics. Cell Line, Tumor. Humans. Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / genetics

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[Cites] Biochim Biophys Acta. 1999 Oct 28;1447(2-3):208-18 [10542317.001]

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(PMID = 17597534.001).

[ISSN] 1471-2199

[Journal-full-title] BMC molecular biology

[ISO-abbreviation] BMC Mol. Biol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Actins; 0 / Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; EC 1.2.1.- / Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC1919389

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

In adult astrocytic glioma, a significantly increasing incidence of high-grade astrocytoma was balanced by simultaneous decreases of low-grade astrocytoma, astrocytoma with unknown malignancy grade and glioma of uncertain histology.

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Aged. Astrocytoma / epidemiology. Child. Child, Preschool. Cohort Studies. Ependymoma / epidemiology. Europe / epidemiology. Female. Humans. Infant. Infant, Newborn. Male. Middle Aged. Netherlands / epidemiology. Oligodendroglioma / epidemiology. Sex Characteristics. United States / epidemiology

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(PMID = 16644569.001).

[ISSN] 0284-186X

[Journal-full-title] Acta oncologica (Stockholm, Sweden)

[ISO-abbreviation] Acta Oncol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Norway

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] [Diffuse astrocytoma presenting as an optic-spinal syndrome].

[Transliterated title] Síndrome opticomedular como forma de presentación de un astrocitoma difuso.

INTRODUCTION: Spinal cord involvement is a rare presentation of grade II astrocytomas.

A patient with an optic-spinal syndrome due to a fibrillary astrocytoma is described.

A new MRI with spectroscopy revealed an infiltrative lesion involving the right frontal lobe, optic chiasm, internal capsule, brainstem and cervical spinal cord, which was suggestive of low-grade astrocytoma.

Brain biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of diffuse fibrillary astrocytoma.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma. Demyelinating Diseases. Optic Neuritis. Spinal Cord / pathology

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(PMID = 19319816.001).

[ISSN] 1576-6578

[Journal-full-title] Revista de neurologia

[ISO-abbreviation] Rev Neurol

[Language] spa

[Publication-type] Case Reports; English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Spain

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Oligoclonal Bands

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

The histopathological diagnosis was low-grade astrocytoma.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / diagnosis. Hyperhidrosis / etiology. Spinal Cord Neoplasms / diagnosis

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(PMID = 17905075.001).

[ISSN] 0090-3019

[Journal-full-title] Surgical neurology

[ISO-abbreviation] Surg Neurol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Diagnostic and prognostic significance of cyclin A expression in low-grade astrocytomas: comparison with astrogliosis and high-grade tumours.

AIM: Definitive distinction between low-grade astrocytoma and astrogliosis is a long-standing difficulty due to their similar histopathological characteristics.

To clarify differences in biological significance, this study focused on various components of the cell cycle machinery and proliferation as key parameters, comparing expression in astrogliosis, as well as low- and high-grade astrocytomas.

METHODS: The expression of p16, p21 and p27, and cyclin A, cyclin D1, cyclin E, Rb and Ki-67 was immunohistochemically examined in 40 cases of astrogliosis and 48 cases of low-grade astrocytomas (grade II), as well as 50 high-grade tumours (grades III and IV).

RESULTS: Cell proliferation determined by Ki-67 immunoreactivity did not differ between astrogliosis and low-grade tumours.

Average labelling indices (LIs) for p16, p21, Rb, cyclin A and cyclin E showed a stepwise increase from astrogliosis, through low- to high-grade astrocytomas, indicating the possibility that over 9%, 6% and 4% of LIs for p16, p21 and cyclin A, respectively, may be useful predictors in the case of the latter, in contrast to significant decrease in p27 LIs.

Significantly higher mean LI values for cyclin D1 were also evident in astrogliosis (12.42) as compared with astrocytomas (low grade, 2.26; high grade, 4.60).

Positive correlations between LIs for Rb and Ki-67 were observed with astrogliosis and low- but not high-grade tumours.

In addition, high cyclin A LI values were independently associated with poor outcome in low-grade tumours.

CONCLUSION: These findings provide evidence that expression of cell-cycle-related molecules may be a reliable parameter for differential diagnosis of low-grade astrocytomas and astrogliosis.

Moreover, detection of cyclin A appears to be useful for predicting behaviour of low-grade astrocytomas.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / genetics. Biomarkers, Tumor. Cyclin A / genetics. Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic

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(PMID = 18156430.001).

[ISSN] 1472-4146

[Journal-full-title] Journal of clinical pathology

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Clin. Pathol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / Cyclin A; 0 / Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; 0 / Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; 0 / Ki-67 Antigen; 0 / Retinoblastoma Protein; 136601-57-5 / Cyclin D1; 147604-94-2 / Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Histopathologically, they were classified into four subtypes: glioblastoma-like malignant glioma, anaplastic oligodendroglioma, low-grade oligodendroglioma, and low-grade astrocytoma.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / genetics. Brain Neoplasms / genetics. Genetic Predisposition to Disease / genetics. Glioblastoma / genetics. Nerve Growth Factors / genetics. Oligodendroglioma / genetics. Oncogene Proteins v-erbB / genetics. Rats, Transgenic / genetics. S100 Proteins / genetics

[MeSH-minor] Animals. Disease Models, Animal. Promoter Regions, Genetic. Rats. Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor / metabolism. S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit. Transcription, Genetic

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(PMID = 19618853.001).

[ISSN] 1881-6096

[Journal-full-title] Brain and nerve = Shinkei kenkyū no shinpo

[ISO-abbreviation] Brain Nerve

[Language] jpn

[Publication-type] English Abstract; Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] Japan

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Nerve Growth Factors; 0 / Oncogene Proteins v-erbB; 0 / S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; 0 / S100 Proteins; EC 2.7.10.1 / Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor

[Number-of-references] 22

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

As a result of its significantly higher relaxivity, gadofosveset could, despite its low dose, achieve a sufficient contrast enhancement.

In one nonenhancing low grade astrocytoma an enhancing nodule became visible only 5 h after gadofosvesest injection.

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(PMID = 19672603.001).

[ISSN] 1432-1084

[Journal-full-title] European radiology

[ISO-abbreviation] Eur Radiol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Clinical Trial; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Germany

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Blood Proteins; 0 / Contrast Media; 0 / Organometallic Compounds; AU0V1LM3JT / Gadolinium; XM33Q67UVH / gadofosveset trisodium

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

In 16 patients with brain astrocytoma of various grades, the pathology grading was correlated with Cho/NAA and Cho/Cr.

These values were 6.53 and 3.35 for nine patients with Grade 4 astrocytoma; 1.85 and 1.62 for three patients with Grade 3 astrocytoma; 2.21 and 1.50 for three patients with Grade 2 astrocytoma; and 1.45 and 1.49 for one patient with Grade 1 astrocytoma.

In general, high-grade astrocytoma have higher Cho/NAA and Cho/Cr ratios compared with low-grade astrocytoma.

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Astrocytoma / diagnosis. Astrocytoma / pathology. Brain / pathology. Choline / analysis. Creatine / analysis. Female. Glioblastoma / diagnosis. Glioblastoma / pathology. Glioma / diagnosis. Glioma / pathology. Gliosarcoma / diagnosis. Gliosarcoma / pathology. Humans. Hydrogen. Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / methods. Male. Middle Aged. Oligodendroglioma / diagnosis. Oligodendroglioma / pathology. Protons

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(PMID = 15691725.001).

[ISSN] 1076-6332

[Journal-full-title] Academic radiology

[ISO-abbreviation] Acad Radiol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Protons; 30KYC7MIAI / Aspartic Acid; 7YNJ3PO35Z / Hydrogen; 997-55-7 / N-acetylaspartate; MU72812GK0 / Creatine; N91BDP6H0X / Choline

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

The results of immunohistochemical analyses have revealed that Wnt5a expression was higher in human GBM than in normal brain tissue and low-grade astrocytoma.

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(PMID = 17709179.001).

[ISSN] 0304-3835

[Journal-full-title] Cancer letters

[ISO-abbreviation] Cancer Lett.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Ireland

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; 0 / Intermediate Filament Proteins; 0 / NES protein, human; 0 / Nerve Tissue Proteins; 0 / Nes protein, mouse; 0 / Nestin; 0 / Proto-Oncogene Proteins; 0 / WNT5A protein, human; 0 / Wnt Proteins

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

RESULTS: In this study we found 30 incidental abnormalities that include 8 cases of tumor: 3 meningioma, 2 craniopharyngioma, 1 oligodendroglioma, 1 low-grade astrocytoma, and 1 medulloblastoma.

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(PMID = 15936382.001).

[ISSN] 0090-3019

[Journal-full-title] Surgical neurology

[ISO-abbreviation] Surg Neurol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Preoperative grading of presumptive low-grade astrocytomas on MR imaging: diagnostic value of minimum apparent diffusion coefficient.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Histopathologic grade of glial tumors is inversely correlated with the minimum apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC).

We assessed the diagnostic values of minimum ADC for preoperative grading of supratentorial astrocytomas that were diagnosed as low-grade astrocytomas on conventional MR imaging.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Among 118 patients with astrocytomas (WHO grades II-IV), 16 who showed typical MR imaging findings of low-grade supratentorial astrocytomas on conventional MR imaging were included.

To assess the relationship between the minimum ADC and tumor grade, we performed the Mann-Whitney U test.

A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to determine the cutoff value of the minimum ADC that had the best combination of sensitivity and specificity for distinguishing low- and high-grade astrocytomas.

RESULTS: Eight of the 16 patients (50%) were confirmed as having high-grade astrocytomas (WHO grades III and IV), and the other 8 patients were confirmed as having low-grade astrocytomas (WHO grade II).

The median minimum ADC of the high-grade astrocytoma (1.035 x 10(-3) mm(2) .

sec(-1)) group was significantly lower than that of the low-grade astrocytoma group (1.19 x 10(-3) mm(2) .

CONCLUSION: Measuring minimum ADC can provide valuable diagnostic information for the preoperative grading of presumptive low-grade supratentorial astrocytomas.

[MeSH-major] Algorithms. Astrocytoma / diagnosis. Brain Neoplasms / diagnosis. Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / methods. Magnetic Resonance Imaging / methods

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(PMID = 18719036.001).

[ISSN] 1936-959X

[Journal-full-title] AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology

[ISO-abbreviation] AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Therefore, to look for possible tools to be used as diagnostic markers in astrocytic neoplasias, we investigated UbcH10 expression in normal brain, gliosis and low-grade and high-grade astrocytic tumors by immunohistochemistry.

UbcH10 expression was observed in low-grade astrocytoma and in glioblastoma.

Our data indicate a clear correlation between UbcH10 expression and the histological grade of the astrocytic tumors.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / diagnosis. Astrocytoma / metabolism. Biomarkers, Tumor / analysis. Brain Neoplasms / diagnosis. Brain Neoplasms / metabolism. Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes / biosynthesis

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(PMID = 18666437.001).

[ISSN] 0722-5091

[Journal-full-title] Clinical neuropathology

[ISO-abbreviation] Clin. Neuropathol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] Germany

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; EC 6.3.2.19 / UBE2C protein, human; EC 6.3.2.19 / Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Evaluation of invasiveness of astrocytoma using 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy: correlation with expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2.

INTRODUCTION: Even low-grade astrocytomas infiltrate the entire brain, a feature that precludes their successful therapy.

So to assess the invasive potential of astrocytoma is very important.

The aim of this study was determine whether there is a significant correlation between the results of (1)H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS) and tumor invasive potential of astrocytoma, which is reflected by expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2).

According to the World Health Organization classification criteria for central nervous system tumors, there were 16 low-grade astrocytomas (2 pilocytic astrocytomas, 14 grade II astrocytomas) and 25 high-grade astrocytomas (5 anaplastic astrocytomas, 20 glioblastomas).The choline/N-acetylaspartate (Cho/NAA) and choline/creatine (Cho/Cr) ratios were calculated.

Of the 41 astrocytomas, 19 (8 low-grade and 11 high-grade) were analyzed immunohistochemically.

RESULTS: The Cho/NAA and Cho/Cr ratios of high-grade astrocytoma were both significantly greater than those of low-grade astrocytoma (t = -6.222, P = 0.000; t = -6.533, P = 0.000, respectively).

MMP-2 COD values of high-grade astrocytomas were also significantly greater than those of low-grade astrocytomas (t = -5.892, P = 0.000).

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / metabolism. Astrocytoma / pathology. Brain Neoplasms / metabolism. Brain Neoplasms / pathology. Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / metabolism

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(PMID = 17763847.001).

[ISSN] 0028-3940

[Journal-full-title] Neuroradiology

[ISO-abbreviation] Neuroradiology

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Clinical Trial; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Germany

[Chemical-registry-number] 30KYC7MIAI / Aspartic Acid; 997-55-7 / N-acetylaspartate; EC 3.4.24.24 / Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; MU72812GK0 / Creatine; N91BDP6H0X / Choline

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

High-grade gliomas release excitotoxic concentrations of glutamate which contributes to their malignant phenotype.

In a tissue array, there was a statistically significant increase in GluR1 expression in glioblastoma samples compared to anaplastic astrocytoma and low-grade tumors.

These results suggest that AMPA receptors are abundantly expressed in high-grade gliomas and gene silencing of the GluR1 AMPA receptor subunit results in abrogation of AMPA-mediated signaling and tumor growth.

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(PMID = 18317690.001).

[ISSN] 0167-594X

[Journal-full-title] Journal of neuro-oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Neurooncol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Netherlands

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Ki-67 Antigen; 0 / RNA, Double-Stranded; 0 / RNA, Small Interfering; 0 / Receptors, AMPA; 0 / glutamate receptor ionotropic, AMPA 1

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

The progression of a low-grade astrocytoma to a glioblastoma multiforme may be mediated by hypoxia-induced phenotypic changes and subsequent clonal selection of cells that overexpress hypoxia-responsive molecules, such as HIF-1.

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(PMID = 16709030.001).

[ISSN] 1092-0684

[Journal-full-title] Neurosurgical focus

[ISO-abbreviation] Neurosurg Focus

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antineoplastic Agents; 0 / HIF1A protein, human; 0 / Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit

[Number-of-references] 166

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

We report the case of an astrocytoma involving the upper part of the cerebellar-pontine angle and the right portion of the clivus starting from the brainstem with a diffuse lipomatous component in a 39 year-old man.

Histologically the tumor showed the classical histology of low-grade astrocytoma and a portion of the lesion was composed of lipid-laden cells.

Ki-67/Mib-1 labeling index was low (2%).

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / pathology. Brain Neoplasms / pathology. Lipomatosis / pathology

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[Copyright] © 2010 Japanese Society of Neuropathology.

(PMID = 20113404.001).

[ISSN] 1440-1789

[Journal-full-title] Neuropathology : official journal of the Japanese Society of Neuropathology

[ISO-abbreviation] Neuropathology

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] Australia

[Keywords] NOTNLM ; lipid vacuole / lipoastrocytoma / lipomatous / low grade astrocytoma

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

The mean CD31-MVD and CD105-MVD was 36.7 and 24.8 for low-grade astrocytoma (LGA), 48.0 and 42.7 for anaplastic astrocytoma, 55.3 and 51.9 for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), respectively.

Whereas the MST of patients with higher CD31-MVD tumors seemed to be shorter than that of lower CD31-MVD patients within each tumor grade, the differences were not statistically significant.

[MeSH-major] Antibodies, Monoclonal. Astrocytoma / blood supply. Biomarkers, Tumor / analysis. Brain Neoplasms / mortality. Neovascularization, Pathologic / metabolism

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(PMID = 16193836.001).

[ISSN] 0919-6544

[Journal-full-title] Neuropathology : official journal of the Japanese Society of Neuropathology

[ISO-abbreviation] Neuropathology

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Australia

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antibodies, Monoclonal; 0 / Antigens, CD; 0 / Antigens, CD31; 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / ENG protein, human; 0 / Receptors, Cell Surface; 0 / Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; 0 / Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

The histopathology was anaplastic astrocytoma (30%), followed by fibrillary and pilocytic types (25% each), low-grade astrocytoma (5%), high-grade astrocytoma (5%), and normal tissue (10%).

CONCLUSIONS: Stereotactic biopsy done for clarifiying a diagnostic imaging in brainstem tumors is important in obtaining a definitive diagnosis with a low rate of complications.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / pathology. Biopsy / methods. Brain Stem / pathology. Brain Stem Neoplasms / pathology. Stereotaxic Techniques

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(PMID = 19784659.001).

[ISSN] 1433-0350

[Journal-full-title] Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery

[ISO-abbreviation] Childs Nerv Syst

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] Germany

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

The intensively positive expression rates of EMMPRIN (22/27) and MMP2 (21/27) in anaplastic astrocytoma and glioblastoma tissues were significantly higher than those in normal brain and low-grade astrocytoma tissues (2/28 and (1/2)8, respectively).

The positive expression of EMMPRIN and MMP2 was associated with higher grade gliomas.

[MeSH-major] Antigens, CD147 / metabolism. Astrocytoma / metabolism. Brain Neoplasms / metabolism. Brain Neoplasms / mortality. Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / metabolism

[MeSH-minor] Child. Child, Preschool. Disease Progression. Female. Humans. Immunohistochemistry. Infant. Male. Prognosis

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(PMID = 18795327.001).

[ISSN] 1432-1076

[Journal-full-title] European journal of pediatrics

[ISO-abbreviation] Eur. J. Pediatr.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] Germany

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / BSG protein, human; 136894-56-9 / Antigens, CD147; EC 3.4.24.24 / Matrix Metalloproteinase 2

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Pathological examination revealed pilocytic astrocytomas in 7 patients, low grade astrocytoma in 1 and anaplastic astrocytoma in 1.

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(PMID = 18044225.001).

[ISSN] 0301-2603

[Journal-full-title] No shinkei geka. Neurological surgery

[ISO-abbreviation] No Shinkei Geka

[Language] jpn

[Publication-type] Case Reports; English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Japan

[Chemical-registry-number] 5J49Q6B70F / Vincristine; 6PLQ3CP4P3 / Etoposide; 8N3DW7272P / Cyclophosphamide; Q20Q21Q62J / Cisplatin

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE: Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA) is a rare, low-grade astrocytoma of adolescence.

Three years after treatment, the patient remains neurologically nonfocal and shows no evidence of disease progression.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma. Brain Neoplasms. Neoplasms, Multiple Primary

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(PMID = 15987556.001).

[ISSN] 1524-4040

[Journal-full-title] Neurosurgery

[ISO-abbreviation] Neurosurgery

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Molecular voting for glioma classification reflecting heterogeneity in the continuum of cancer progression.

Gliomas, the most common brain tumors, are generally categorized into two lineages (astrocytic and oligodendrocytic) and further classified as low-grade (astrocytoma and oligodendroglioma), mid-grade (anaplastic astrocytoma and anaplastic oligodendroglioma), and high-grade (glioblastoma multiforme) based on morphological features.

A strict classification scheme has limitations because a specific glioma can be at any stage of the continuum of cancer progression and may contain mixed features.

Thus, a more comprehensive classification based on molecular signatures may reflect the biological nature of specific tumors more accurately.

In this study, we used microarray technology to profile the gene expression of 49 human brain tumors and applied the k-nearest neighbor algorithm for classification.

We first trained the classification gene set with 19 of the most typical glioma cases and selected a set of genes that provide the lowest cross-validation classification error with k=5.

[MeSH-major] Brain Neoplasms / classification. Gene Expression Profiling. Glioma / classification. Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis / methods

[MeSH-minor] Algorithms. Disease Progression. Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / genetics. Genetic Heterogeneity

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(PMID = 16077969.001).

[ISSN] 1021-335X

[Journal-full-title] Oncology reports

[ISO-abbreviation] Oncol. Rep.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

[Publication-country] Greece

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Although internationally accepted WHO grading system of CNS tumours is based on histological features of H&E stained sections, yet there are cases where differentiation between grade II and grade III is difficult particularly when the biopsy is small.

Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded surgical specimens from 90 cases of astrocytic tumours, 30 each of low-grade astrocytoma (grade II), anaplastic astrocytoma (grade III), and glioblastoma multiforme (grade IV), were immunostained by standard indirect immunoperoxidase technique using MIB-1 monoclonal antibody.

The mean MIB-1 LI values of astrocytomas, anaplastic astrocytomas and glioblastomas were 1.75 +/- 1.5%, 8.74 +/- 6.2%, and 20.54 +/- 12.2% respectively and there was statistically significant difference between grade II and III (Unpaired "t" test, T value 5.907, p value < 0.001) and grade III and grade IV (T value 4.734, p value < 0.001).

The statistical analysis also revealed that the mean MIB-1 LI increased with histological grade of malignancy (One way ANOVA test, p value < 0.001).

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / classification. Astrocytoma / pathology. Cell Proliferation. Glioblastoma / classification. Glioblastoma / pathology. Severity of Illness Index

[MeSH-minor] Brain Neoplasms / chemistry. Brain Neoplasms / classification. Brain Neoplasms / pathology. Flavivirus. Humans. Immunohistochemistry / methods. Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases / analysis

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(PMID = 18306542.001).

[ISSN] 0377-4929

[Journal-full-title] Indian journal of pathology & microbiology

[ISO-abbreviation] Indian J Pathol Microbiol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] India

[Chemical-registry-number] EC 6.3.2.19 / MIB1 ligase, human; EC 6.3.2.19 / Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

The second malignant neoplasms were diagnosed as non-Hodgkin lymphoma, myelodysplastic syndrome, basal cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma, Kaposi sarcoma, and high-grade neuroectodermal tumor.

The initial diagnoses were ependymoblastoma in one, medulloblastoma in three, and low-grade astrocytoma in two patients.

The patients who developed non-Hodgkin lymphoma and myelodysplastic syndrome died of progressive disease.

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(PMID = 16901454.001).

[ISSN] 0883-0738

[Journal-full-title] Journal of child neurology

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Child Neurol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Primary (de novo) GBM most often occurs in older individuals, and is characterized by the overexpression/amplification of epidermal growth factor receptor gene (EGFR), whereas secondary GBM, which progresses from a low-grade astrocytoma, often affects younger individuals and frequently contains the TP53 mutation.

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(PMID = 16151725.001).

[ISSN] 0001-6322

[Journal-full-title] Acta neuropathologica

[ISO-abbreviation] Acta Neuropathol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Germany

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / DNA, Neoplasm; 0 / Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; EC 2.7.10.1 / Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Stereotactic radiotherapy for localized low-grade gliomas in children: final results of a prospective trial.

Of the 81 patients, 50 had low-grade astrocytoma, 23 had residual or recurrent craniopharyngioma, 4 had posterior fossa ependymoma, and 4 had other histologic types.

This report focused on the patients with low-grade gliomas only.

The indications for treatment of patients with low-grade gliomas were progression during or after chemotherapy or progression after surgery alone.

Two of the patients with local progression had pathologic progression to anaplastic astrocytoma 3 and 7 years after initial SRT.

Six patients died, three of dissemination, two of progression to higher grade tumors, and one of a secondary radiation-induced tumor.

CONCLUSION: Stereotactic radiotherapy provides excellent local control for children with small, localized low-grade glial tumors.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / surgery. Brain Neoplasms / surgery. Radiosurgery

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Child. Child, Preschool. Confidence Intervals. Disease Progression. Disease-Free Survival. Female. Humans. Male. Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / drug therapy. Prospective Studies. Radiotherapy Dosage

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(PMID = 15667955.001).

[ISSN] 0360-3016

[Journal-full-title] International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics

[ISO-abbreviation] Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Histologic studies showed low-grade astrocytoma (WHO grade I or II) in 16 cases, anaplastic astrocytoma in 1, and oligoastrocytoma (WHO grade III) in 1.

Because progression of these tumors is slow and associated with endocrinopathy, we recommend chemotherapy as a primary treatment of OPHG if the disease progresses.

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Child. Child, Preschool. Disease Progression. Female. Follow-Up Studies. Humans. Infant. Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Male. Predictive Value of Tests. Retrospective Studies. Survival Rate. Treatment Outcome

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(PMID = 18376285.001).

[ISSN] 1077-4114

[Journal-full-title] Journal of pediatric hematology/oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Pediatr. Hematol. Oncol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Tumors included diffuse astrocytoma, anaplastic astrocytoma, glioblastoma, ependymoma, oligodendroglioma, medulloblastoma, dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor, choroid plexus papilloma, central neurocytoma, optic glioma, gliomatosis cerebri, pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma, and ganglioglioma.

Ki-67LI differed significantly between the high-grade group and low-grade group at T/N levels between 1.5 and 1.8 on analysis using tumor proliferative potential (p = 0.019-0.031).

The prognosis differed significantly between the high-grade and low-grade groups when T/N was in the range of 1.6-1.8 (p = 0.028-0.032).

The cut-off level of T/N ratio for distinction between high-grade and low-grade astrocytoma appears to lie between 1.5 and 1.6.

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(PMID = 16444993.001).

[ISSN] 0914-7187

[Journal-full-title] Annals of nuclear medicine

[ISO-abbreviation] Ann Nucl Med

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Clinical Trial; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Japan

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Radiopharmaceuticals; 58576-49-1 / carbon-11 methionine; AE28F7PNPL / Methionine

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and tumor cells were obtained from nine patients with newly diagnosed brain tumors: five glioblastoma multiforme, two oligodendroglioma, one ependymoma, and one astrocytoma.

Additionally, all glioblastoma multiforme patients responded to autologous dendritic cells loaded with U118 lysate but not with low-grade astrocytoma cell lysates.

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(PMID = 16033848.001).

[ISSN] 1078-0432

[Journal-full-title] Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research

[ISO-abbreviation] Clin. Cancer Res.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Clinical Trial; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antigens, Neoplasm; 0 / HLA Antigens; 82115-62-6 / Interferon-gamma

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

OBJECT: Empirical radiotherapy is the current treatment for children with diffuse pontine lesions that have imaging characteristics of an infiltrative malignant astrocytoma.

A histological diagnosis was made in all 24 patients as follows: 22 had a malignant infiltrative astrocytoma, one had a low-grade astrocytoma, and one had a pilocytic astrocytoma.

A nonmalignant tumor was identified in two of the 24 patients in whom the imaging findings were characteristic of a malignant infiltrative astrocytoma.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / pathology. Biopsy, Needle. Brain Stem Neoplasms / pathology. Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Pons / pathology. Stereotaxic Techniques

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[CommentIn] J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2008 May;1(5):423; author reply 424-5 [18447684.001]

[CommentIn] J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2008 May;1(5):423-4; author reply 424-5 [18536100.001]

[CommentIn] J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2008 May;1(5):424; author reply 424-5 [18533336.001]

(PMID = 17647306.001).

[ISSN] 0022-3085

[Journal-full-title] Journal of neurosurgery

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Neurosurg.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

METHODS: We performed diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in 12 patients with cystic intracranial lesions (pyogenic abscess, n = 5; cysticercus cysts, n = 2; and low-grade astrocytoma, n = 5).

The cystic tumors and neurocysticercosis showed very high D(av) = (2.806 +/- 0.25, 2.654 +/- 0.35)x 10(-3) mm(2)/s, with low FA = (0.108 +/- 0.037, 0.08 +/- 0.01), respectively.

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(PMID = 15891168.001).

[ISSN] 0195-6108

[Journal-full-title] AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology

[ISO-abbreviation] AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

The histostructural distribution was as follows: low-grade astrocytoma (grade II according to the WHO classification) in 2 patients, anaplastic astrocytoma (AA) in 3, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) in 5.

Six patients died from progressive disease.

All patients with low-grade astrocytoma and one patient with anaplastic astrocytoma were alive at month 24 after treatment termination.

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(PMID = 16739930.001).

[ISSN] 0042-8817

[Journal-full-title] Zhurnal voprosy neĭrokhirurgii imeni N. N. Burdenko

[ISO-abbreviation] Zh Vopr Neirokhir Im N N Burdenko

[Language] rus

[Publication-type] English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Russia (Federation)

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To identify molecular markers of tumor hypoxia and potential therapeutic targets in glioblastoma (GBM), we investigated the hypoxia-related expression of osteopontin (OPN), carbonic anhydrase 9 (CA9), erythropoietin (EPO), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) in vitro in human GBM cell lines and in vivo in human tumor samples of GBM, compared to low-grade astrocytoma (LGA).

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(PMID = 17524506.001).

[ISSN] 0167-8140

[Journal-full-title] Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] Radiother Oncol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Ireland

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antigens, Neoplasm; 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / HIF1A protein, human; 0 / Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; 0 / RNA, Messenger; 0 / Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; 106441-73-0 / Osteopontin; EC 4.2.1.1 / CA9 protein, human; EC 4.2.1.1 / Carbonic Anhydrases

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Most tumors were typical pilocytic astrocytoma (PA) (49%) or diffusely infiltrating astrocytoma (DA) (27%) that included World Health Organization Grades II (5%), III (15%), and IV (7%); others were designated as low-grade astrocytoma, subtype indeterminate (LGSI; 17%).

The tumors in 24 cases arose in the optic pathways and included PA (n = 14), LGSI (n = 4), DA (n = 4), pilomyxoid astrocytoma (n = 1), and ganglioglioma (n = 1).

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(PMID = 18344915.001).

[ISSN] 0022-3069

[Journal-full-title] Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol.

[Language] ENG

[Grant] United States / NINDS NIH HHS / NS / T32 NS007494; United States / NINDS NIH HHS / NS / T32 NS07494-04

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor

[Other-IDs] NLM/ NIHMS396162; NLM/ PMC3417064

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Glioblastomas (GBMs) are the highest grade of primary brain tumors with astrocytic similarity and are characterized by marked dispersal of tumor cells.

PTPmu expression was examined in human GBM, low-grade astrocytoma, and normal brain tissue.

These studies revealed a striking loss of PTPmu protein expression in highly dispersive GBMs compared to less dispersive low-grade astrocytomas and normal brain.

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(PMID = 19304959.001).

[ISSN] 1523-5866

[Journal-full-title] Neuro-oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] Neuro-oncology

[Language] ENG

[Grant] United States / NINDS NIH HHS / NS / R01 NS051520-04; United States / NEI NIH HHS / EY / P30 EY011373; United States / NINDS NIH HHS / NS / R01 NS051520; United States / NINDS NIH HHS / NS / R01-NS051520; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / K08 CA101954; United States / NINDS NIH HHS / NS / NS051520-04; United States / NEI NIH HHS / EY / P30 EY011373-119002; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / P20 CA103736; United States / NEI NIH HHS / EY / P30 EY011373-129002; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / P30 CA043703; United States / NEI NIH HHS / EY / P30 EY011373-139002; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / T32 CA059366; United States / NINDS NIH HHS / NS / NS051520-02; United States / NINDS NIH HHS / NS / NS051520-01A1; United States / NEI NIH HHS / EY / EY011373-139002; United States / NIGMS NIH HHS / GM / T32-GM007250; United States / NEI NIH HHS / EY / P30-EY11373; United States / NEI NIH HHS / EY / EY011373-119002; United States / NINDS NIH HHS / NS / NS051520-03; United States / NINDS NIH HHS / NS / R01 NS051520-02; United States / NINDS NIH HHS / NS / R01 NS051520-01A1; United States / NEI NIH HHS / EY / EY011373-129002; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / K08-CA101954; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01-CA116257; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / P30-CA043703; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / T32-CA059366; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA116257; United States / NIGMS NIH HHS / GM / T32 GM007250; United States / NINDS NIH HHS / NS / R01 NS051520-03; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / P20-CA103736

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / RNA, Messenger; 0 / RNA, Small Interfering; EC 3.1.3.48 / Receptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Class 2

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2802397

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

One neoplasm was classified as low-grade astrocytoma, 5 tumors as medium-grade astrocytoma, 11 tumors as high grade-astrocytoma and 1 tumor as oligodendroglioma.

The metastatic potential appears to be low, but ascending invasion into the ventral aspect of the brain is possible.

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(PMID = 19046275.001).

[ISSN] 1463-5224

[Journal-full-title] Veterinary ophthalmology

[ISO-abbreviation] Vet Ophthalmol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein