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[Title] Serum protein fingerprinting coupled with artificial neural network distinguishes glioma from healthy population or brain benign tumor.

To screen and evaluate protein biomarkers for the detection of gliomas (Astrocytoma grade I-IV) from healthy individuals and gliomas from brain benign tumors by using surface enhanced laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF-MS) coupled with an artificial neural network (ANN) algorithm.

SELDI-TOF-MS protein fingerprinting of serum from 105 brain tumor patients and healthy individuals, included 28 patients with glioma (Astrocytoma I-IV), 37 patients with brain benign tumor, and 40 age-matched healthy individuals.

Two thirds of the total samples of every compared pair as training set were used to set up discriminating patterns, and one third of total samples of every compared pair as test set were used to cross-validate; simultaneously, discriminate-cluster analysis derived SPSS 10.0 software was used to compare Astrocytoma grade I-II with grade III-IV ones.

An accuracy of 95.7%, sensitivity of 88.9%, specificity of 100%, positive predictive value of 90% and negative predictive value of 100% were obtained in a blinded test set comparing gliomas patients with healthy individuals; an accuracy of 86.4%, sensitivity of 88.9%, specificity of 84.6%, positive predictive value of 90% and negative predictive value of 85.7% were obtained when patient's gliomas was compared with benign brain tumor.

Total accuracy of 85.7%, accuracy of grade I-II Astrocytoma was 86.7%, accuracy of III-IV Astrocytoma was 84.6% were obtained when grade I-II Astrocytoma was compared with grade III-IV ones (discriminant analysis).

The high sensitivity and specificity achieved by the use of selected biomarkers showed great potential application for the discrimination of gliomas patients from healthy individuals and gliomas from brain benign tumors.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / blood. Astrocytoma / diagnosis. Biomarkers, Tumor / blood. Brain Neoplasms / blood. Brain Neoplasms / diagnosis. Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted / methods. Neoplasm Proteins / blood. Peptide Mapping / methods

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(PMID = 15593384.001).

[ISSN] 1673-1581

[Journal-full-title] Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B

[ISO-abbreviation] J Zhejiang Univ Sci B

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Clinical Trial; Comparative Study; Controlled Clinical Trial; Letter; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Validation Studies

[Publication-country] China

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / Neoplasm Proteins

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC1390751

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Efficacy of prognostic factors on survival in patients with low grade glioma.

AIM: In this report, we aim to determine the prognostic factors influencing the length of survival in patients with low-grade gliomas.

The diagnoses of the patients were histopathologically verified as low-grade glioma(LGG).

The medical records of the patients were reviewed for age, gender, tumor locations, extent of resection, and presence of seizure, the neurological status as defined by the Karnofsky Performance Scale (KPS) and radiotherapy treatment after surgery as possible prognostic factors.

Median survival time was 216+/-78.52 months for astrocytoma Grade I; 115+/-8.22 months for astrocytoma Grade II, and 242+/-76.36 months for oligodendroglioma.

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Aged. Aging. Astrocytoma / mortality. Astrocytoma / pathology. Astrocytoma / surgery. Child. Child, Preschool. Combined Modality Therapy. Female. Humans. Kaplan-Meier Estimate. Karnofsky Performance Status. Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Male. Middle Aged. Neurosurgical Procedures. Oligodendroglioma / mortality. Oligodendroglioma / pathology. Oligodendroglioma / surgery. Prognosis. Reoperation. Retrospective Studies. Seizures / etiology. Survival. Tomography, X-Ray Computed. Young Adult

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(PMID = 19107679.001).

[ISSN] 1019-5149

[Journal-full-title] Turkish neurosurgery

[ISO-abbreviation] Turk Neurosurg

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] Turkey

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

The corresponding results were for astrocytoma grade III-IV OR = 1.7, 95 % CI = 1.3-2.3; OR = 1.5, 95 % CI = 1.2-1.9 and OR = 1.5, 95 % CI = 1.1-1.9, respectively.

Lower ORs were calculated for astrocytoma grade I-II.

OR increased with latency period, especially for astrocytoma grade III-IV.

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(PMID = 17034627.001).

[ISSN] 1477-7819

[Journal-full-title] World journal of surgical oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] World J Surg Oncol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] England

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC1621063

   

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[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] A sequential scanning of the immune efficiency in astrocytoma (Grade I to Grade Iii), meningioma and secondary glioma patients with and without therapeutic scheduling.

Thus, the study aims at evaluating the sequential immune status of glioma bearing patients (Astrocytoma Grade I to Grade III) receiving conventional therapeutic measures.

METHODS: Functional immune parameters of peripheral blood lymphocytes were assayed by CD2 receptors enumeration through E-rosetting and lymphocyte cytotoxicity assay and assessing the generation of reactive oxygen species by NBT assay of peripheral blood macrophages in patient groups bearing Astrocytoma (Grade I to Grade III), meningioma and secondary glioma.

RESULTS: Patients bearing Astrocytoma (all 3 grades) showed maximum immune suppression as compared to the normal subjects, diseased meningioma controls, and secondary glioma.

However, therapeutic scheduling could recover the functional activity of the CD8 bearing lymphocytes and the CD56 NK cells from that of tumor bearing patients.

CONCLUSION: Astrocytoma and not meningioma is capable of causing immunesuppression.

As the tumor progresses from Grade I to Grade III, a linear reduction in the functional efficacy of immunocytes is seen to occur.

The inhibitory effect of tumor as well as of therapy were mainly directed towards the CD2 bearing lymphocyte population and the peripheral blood macrophage population.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / immunology. Central Nervous System Neoplasms / immunology. Glioma / immunology. Immune Tolerance. Meningioma / immunology

[MeSH-minor] Antigens, CD2 / analysis. Antineoplastic Agents / adverse effects. Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic. Humans. Macrophages / immunology. Neoplasm Invasiveness. Phagocytosis. Radiotherapy / adverse effects. Rosette Formation. T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / immunology

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(PMID = 16939959.001).

[ISSN] 0735-7907

[Journal-full-title] Cancer investigation

[ISO-abbreviation] Cancer Invest.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antigens, CD2; 0 / Antineoplastic Agents

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

The aim is to define the histological type of glioma (astrocytic, oligodendrocytic or mixed) and the grade in order to classify the patients and give them an accurate treatment.

According to the WHO classification, infiltrative gliomas encompass astrocytic gliomas (diffuse astrocytomas grade II, anaplastic astrocytomas grade III and glioblastomas grade IV), oligodendroglial tumours (oligodendrogliomas grade II, anaplastic oligodendrogliomas grade III) and mixed gliomas (oligoastrocytomas grade II and anaplastic oligoastrocytomas grade III).

Circumscribed gliomas mainly corresponds to pilocytic astrocytomas (grade I).

Three distinct tumour growth patterns may be seen in gliomas, type I: tumor tissue only, type II: tumour tissue and isolated tumor cells permeating the brain parenchyma (ITC) and type III: ITCs only and no tumor tissue.

According to the Sainte Anne classification, gliomas are divided into astrocytic gliomas (pilocytic astrocytomas, structure type I, glioblastomas structure type II) and oligodendrogliomas and mixed oligoastrocytomas (grade A: lack of contrast enhancement and lack of endothelial hyperplasia, structure type III; and grade B: contrast enhancement or endothelial hyperplasia, structure type II and III).

[MeSH-minor] Astrocytoma / pathology. Humans. Neoplasms, Complex and Mixed / classification. Neoplasms, Complex and Mixed / pathology. Oligodendroglioma / pathology. Reproducibility of Results. World Health Organization

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(PMID = 15888386.001).

[ISSN] 1769-6917

[Journal-full-title] Bulletin du cancer

[ISO-abbreviation] Bull Cancer

[Language] fre

[Publication-type] English Abstract; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] France

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Supratentorial pilocytic astrocytoma in children.

Histopathological examination revealed the typical grade I pilocytic astrocytoma.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / pathology. Supratentorial Neoplasms / pathology

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(PMID = 20809042.001).

[ISSN] 1220-0522

[Journal-full-title] Romanian journal of morphology and embryology = Revue roumaine de morphologie et embryologie

[ISO-abbreviation] Rom J Morphol Embryol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Romania

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Spontaneous malignant transformation of a supratentorial pilocytic astrocytoma.

Pilocytic astrocytoma (PA) is a circumscribed neoplasia considered as a grade I astrocytoma by the World Health Organization.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / pathology. Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / pathology. Supratentorial Neoplasms / pathology

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(PMID = 20571729.001).

[ISSN] 1130-1473

[Journal-full-title] Neurocirugía (Asturias, Spain)

[ISO-abbreviation] Neurocirugia (Astur)

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Spain

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Juvenile pilocytic astrocytomas do not undergo spontaneous malignant transformation: grounds for designation as hamartomas.

AIM: To determine whether juvenile pilocytic astrocytomas WHO grade I have the potential for spontaneous malignant transformation.

METHODS: A literature search was performed, cross-referencing juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma, pilocytic astrocytoma, astrocytoma grade I, optic glioma, glioma, low-grade gliomas, polar spongioblastoma, gliocytoma embryonale, and malignant transformation, anaplasia or anaplastic change.

Twenty-two of these tumours, however, did not initially match criteria for juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma WHO grade I and were excluded.

CONCLUSION: Juvenile pilocytic astrocytomas WHO grade I do not undergo spontaneous anaplastic transformation.

Earlier clinical and histopathological opinions regarding juvenile pilocytic astrocytomas as hamartomatous lesions are reaffirmed.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / pathology. Brain Diseases / pathology. Brain Neoplasms / pathology. Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / pathology. Hamartoma / pathology

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(PMID = 17962395.001).

[ISSN] 1468-2079

[Journal-full-title] The British journal of ophthalmology

[ISO-abbreviation] Br J Ophthalmol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] England

[Number-of-references] 90

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Polysialic acid overexpression in malignant astrocytomas.

METHODS: Intra-operatively collected biopsies from 30 patients with different astrocytoma grades were immuno-histochemically examined to identify expression of PSA.

RESULTS: Astrocytoma grade I and II had 4% PSA expressing cells whereas in grade III and IV the number of PSA expressing cells was 45%.

CONCLUSION: In this short communication we show that highly malignant astrocytomas express significantly more PSA compared to less malignant astrocytomas.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / metabolism. Astrocytoma / pathology. Biomarkers, Tumor / metabolism. Brain Neoplasms / metabolism. Brain Neoplasms / pathology. Sialic Acids / metabolism

[MeSH-minor] Animals. Biopsy. Cell Adhesion / physiology. Cell Differentiation / physiology. Cell Movement / physiology. Cell Proliferation. Disease Models, Animal. Humans. Immunohistochemistry. Mice. Neoplasm Invasiveness / diagnosis. Neoplasm Invasiveness / physiopathology. Neoplasm Proteins / physiology. Nerve Tissue Proteins / physiology. Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules / metabolism. Stem Cells / cytology. Stem Cells / metabolism

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(PMID = 19387537.001).

[ISSN] 0942-0940

[Journal-full-title] Acta neurochirurgica

[ISO-abbreviation] Acta Neurochir (Wien)

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] Austria

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / Neoplasm Proteins; 0 / Nerve Tissue Proteins; 0 / Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules; 0 / Sialic Acids; 0 / UCC1 protein, human; 0 / polysialic acid

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

METHODS: We reviewed 68 cases of intramedullary tumors (ependymoma, 33; astrocytoma, 23; hemangioblastoma, 12), treated surgically between 1994 and 2003.

The tumor malignancy grade according to the WHO classification was astrocytoma grade I, 3; grade II, 8 (low-grade: 11 cases); grade III, 10; grade IV, 2 (high-grade: 12 cases).

All ependymomas were grade II.

Approximately 50% of low-grade astrocytomas could be totally excised with favorable survival outcomes, suggesting that total excision should be attempted for low-grade astrocytomas.

However, total excision of high-grade tumors was difficult and the functional outcomes were poor.

Cordotomy should be considered in patients with a thoracic high-grade astrocytoma.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / surgery. Ependymoma / surgery. Hemangioblastoma / surgery. Spinal Cord Neoplasms / surgery

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(PMID = 17909556.001).

[ISSN] 1362-4393

[Journal-full-title] Spinal cord

[ISO-abbreviation] Spinal Cord

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] England

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

One minute downward pressure on the tip of any one of the front 3 teeth (1st incisor, 2nd incisor, and canine) at the right and left sides of the upper and lower jaw by a wooden toothpick induced temporary disappearance (20 min approximately 4 hours) of abnormally increased pain parameters (pain grading, Substance P, & TXB2), and cancer parameters (Telomere, Integrin alpha5beta1, Oncogene C-fos Ab2, etc. of Astrocytoma, Glioblastoma, squamous cell carcinoma of esophagus, adenocarcinoma of lung, breast cancer, adenocarcinoma of colon, prostate cancer).

Increasing NC telomere to optimally high level resulted in disappearance of pain and improvement or significant reduction of malignant tumor.

One optimal dose of Boswellia Serrata or Astragalus not only increased NC telomere 650 ng BDORT units, eliminating pain and cancer parameters, but also reduced the size of the Astrocytoma grade I by 10-20% and the Glioblastoma by 15-90% in less than 2-6 months in some patients, as long as high NC telomere is maintained.

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(PMID = 20344885.001).

[ISSN] 0360-1293

[Journal-full-title] Acupuncture & electro-therapeutics research

[ISO-abbreviation] Acupunct Electrother Res

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Drugs, Chinese Herbal

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Residual or recurrent cerebellar low-grade glioma in children after tumor resection: is re-treatment needed? A single center experience from 1983 to 2003.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to report on children with cerebellar low-grade glioma (LGG), who were found to have progressive or nonprogresssive residual tumors or tumor recurrence after tumor resection.

RESULTS: Of 289 patients with CNS tumors referred between 1983 and 2003, 28 (9.7%) (15 male, 13 female; median age at diagnosis: 71 months) had cerebellar LGG (pilocytic astrocytoma grade I: n = 21; fibrillary astrocytoma grade II: n = 5; mixed hamartoma/pilocytic astrocytoma: n = 1; radiographic diagnosis: n = 1).

CONCLUSIONS: A 'wait and see' strategy is justified in patients with nonprogressive recurrent or residual cerebellar LGG after primary tumor resection.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / surgery. Cerebellar Neoplasms / surgery. Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / surgery. Neoplasm, Residual / surgery

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[Copyright] Copyright 2006 S. Karger AG, Basel

(PMID = 16636617.001).

[ISSN] 1016-2291

[Journal-full-title] Pediatric neurosurgery

[ISO-abbreviation] Pediatr Neurosurg

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] Switzerland

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] 11C-Methionine positron emission tomography for preoperative evaluation of suggestive low-grade gliomas.

OBJECTIVE: The treatment regimen for cerebral gliomas is different, depending on the histological grade of the lesion.

The management for low-grade gliomas is still under discussion, operation or "wait and see" tactics are possible options.

Although most of the low-grade gliomas appear as hypointense lesions without contrast medium (CM) enhancement on magnetic resonance images, in some cases lesions without CM enhancement can be anaplastic tumours as well.

11C-Methionine positron emission tomography (MET-PET) was performed for preoperative evaluation of non or low CM enhancing intracerebral lesions, so-called suggestive low-grade gliomas.

METHOD: 20 patients harbouring suggestive low-grade gliomas were included.

Histologically the 2 patients with sparse CM enhancement and MET uptake were glioblastoma multiforme, 10/14 patients with MET uptake and without CM enhancement had an anaplastic astrocytoma WHO III, 3/14 with MET uptake and no CM enhancement had an anaplastic oligoastrocytoma WHO III, and 1/14 had an oligoastrocytoma grade II.

The lesions of the 4 patients without MET uptake and without CM enhancement were classified as astrocytoma grade II in 2 cases, as astrocytoma grade I in 1 case and as astrocytoma III in one case.

CONCLUSION: According to the results of this study, we find MET-PET to be a helpful tool for pretreatment evaluation of non-CM enhancing, suggestive low-grade intracerebral lesions.

[MeSH-minor] Astrocytoma / radionuclide imaging. Astrocytoma / surgery. Glioblastoma / radionuclide imaging. Glioblastoma / surgery. Humans. Image Processing, Computer-Assisted. Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Neurosurgical Procedures. Positron-Emission Tomography

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(PMID = 17487804.001).

[ISSN] 0044-4251

[Journal-full-title] Zentralblatt für Neurochirurgie

[ISO-abbreviation] Zentralbl. Neurochir.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] Germany

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Radiopharmaceuticals; AE28F7PNPL / Methionine

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

: e13037 Background: Anaplastic astrocytoma (AA), oligodendroglioma (AOD), and oligoastrocytoma (AOA) are rare tumors showing variable outcome due to their histological heterogeneity and different chemo- and radio-sensitivity.

Nine pts (32%) underwent tumor complete resection, 10 partial resection (36%), and 9 (32%) tumor biopsy.

Frequent mild toxicities were grade 1-2 nausea/vomiting (17 pts-63%), and grade 1-2 asthenia (8 pts-30%).

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(PMID = 27962859.001).

[ISSN] 1527-7755

[Journal-full-title] Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Clin. Oncol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Efficacy of protracted dose-dense temozolomide (TMZ) in patients with progressive high-grade glioma.

: e13018 Background: The study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy of TMZ on a protracted dose-dense schedule after standard 5-day TMZ regimen in patients with progressive high-grade glioma.

METHODS: In this phase II prospective study, patients who had progression on standard 5-day TMZ for recurrence (group 1) or recurrence after concurrent radiotherapy+TMZ and ≥ 2 cycles of adjuvant TMZ (group 2) for high-grade glioma received TMZ 100 mg/m2× 21 q28 days until progression according to MacDonald's criteria.

The histopathology was glioblastoma in 18 and grade 3 glioma (anaplastic astrocytoma, anaplastic oligoastrocytoma or anaplastic oligodendroglioma) in 7.

Out of 80 cycles received there was no anemia; 5 (6%) grade 1, 8 (10%) grade 2, 2 (3%) grade 3 leucopenia; 1 (1%) grade 1, 2 (3%) grade 2, 1 (1%) grade 3, 1 (1%) grade 4 thrombocytopenia; 9 (11%) grade 1, 7 (9%) grade 2, 32 (40%) grade 3, and 11 (14%) grade 4 lymphopenia.

Study was terminated in 2 patients (one with grade 4 thrombocytopenia and the other with grade 4 hepatic toxicity).

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(PMID = 27962826.001).

[ISSN] 1527-7755

[Journal-full-title] Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Clin. Oncol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

64% had grade 4 astrocytoma.

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(PMID = 27962817.001).

[ISSN] 1527-7755

[Journal-full-title] Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Clin. Oncol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

: e13003 Background: Chromosomes 1p/19q codeletion has been recognized as a prognostic and predictive factor in patients (pts) with grade 3 gliomas.

Non-codeleted (intact) anaplastic oligodendroglioma showed a survival comparable to that usually observed in pts with anaplastic astrocytomas; MGMT methylation status, moreover, has been found to be a prognostic factor in glioblastoma and anaplastic gliomas (AG).

Histology was anaplastic oligodendroglioma in 17 pts, anaplastic oligoastrocytoma in 20 pts, and anaplastic astrocytoma in 30 pts; all these pts were 1p19q intact and received surgery, RT, and CT.

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(PMID = 27962754.001).

[ISSN] 1527-7755

[Journal-full-title] Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Clin. Oncol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] A phase I trial of surgical resection with biodegradable carmustine (BCNU) wafer placement followed by vaccination with dendritic cells pulsed with tumor lysate for patients with malignant glioma.

: 2033 Background: Our prior immunotherapy trials demonstrated efficacy in generating a tumor specific immune response in malignant glioma and the potential for high tumor-specific toxicity and sustained tumoricidal activity.

METHODS: We exploited this synergistic effect to maintain a cytotoxic environment around the tumor milieu.

Patients with high-grade glioma were eligible after maximal resection with biodegradable carmustine (BCNU) wafer placement.

Screening leukapheresis is used to isolate mononuclear cells which are differentiated into dendritic cells, pulsed with tumor lysate, and then 3 intradermal vaccines are administered at 2-week intervals.

The histology included 3 newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), 8 recurrent GBM, 2 newly diagnosed anaplastic astrocytoma (AA), and 2 recurrent AA.

Our preliminary data on 15 patients and 39 courses of Dendritic Cell vaccines demonstrate one grade 3 toxicity of fever/chest pain.

CONCLUSIONS: This phase I study demonstrates the safety, feasibility of dendritic cell vaccination with biodegradable carmustine (BCNU) wafers with one grade 3 AE.

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(PMID = 27964627.001).

[ISSN] 1527-7755

[Journal-full-title] Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Clin. Oncol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Phase I trial combining SCH 66336 to temozolomide (TMZ) for patients with grade 3 or 4 malignant gliomas (MG).

METHODS: Eligibility included: adult patients with stable or recurrent MG (GBM, anaplastic astrocytoma [AA], anaplastic oligodendroglioma [AO]) previously treated with radiation therapy (RT) and with or without chemotherapy; interval of at least two weeks between prior RT, or four weeks between prior chemotherapy; Karnofsky ≥ 60%; and adequate hematologic, renal and liver function.

Dose-limiting toxicities were: deep venous thrombosis (1 grade 3); nausea and vomiting (1 grade 3); diarrhea (1 grade 3); elevated ALT (1 grade 3); elevated creatinine (1 grade 3); and fatigue (1 grade 3).

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(PMID = 27962751.001).

[ISSN] 1527-7755

[Journal-full-title] Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Clin. Oncol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] DNA methylation pattern of brain stem pilocytic astrocytomas in children.

: 10021 Background: Pilocytic astrocytoma (WHO grade I) comprises the most frequent brain tumor in childhood.

METHODS: To identify novel genes involved in astrocytoma pathogenesis, we performed a genome-wide DNA methylation analysis of 78 pilocytic astrocytoma samples from different tumor locations (diencephalic, cerebral, cerebellar, brain stem).

Genes contained in the signature most interestingly included three homeobox family genes (HOXB1, HOXD3, and HOXD4), and NES, a tumor stem cell marker.

CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that brain stem pilocytic astrocytomas display biologic features different from most tumors of other locations and share a methylation signature with tumors prone to disease recurrence from other locations.

We provide first evidence for a role of differentially methylated homeobox family genes in the pathogenesis of pilocytic astrocytoma.

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(PMID = 27962622.001).

[ISSN] 1527-7755

[Journal-full-title] Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Clin. Oncol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

For example, gliomas of astrocytic origin (astrocytomas) are classified into pilocytic astrocytoma (grade I), astrocytoma (grade II), anaplastic astrocytoma (grade III) and glioblastoma multiforme (GMB) (grade IV).

Tumors derived from oligodendrocytes include grade II (oliogodendrogliomas) and grade III neoplasms (oligoastrocytoma).

Furthermore, the ability that allows several low-grade gliomas to progress into more aggressive tumors has allowed cancer researchers to elucidate several pathways implicated in molecular biology of these devastating tumors.

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(PMID = 17005465.001).

[ISSN] 1699-048X

[Journal-full-title] Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico

[ISO-abbreviation] Clin Transl Oncol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review

[Publication-country] Spain

[Number-of-references] 36

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] The efficacy of radiation therapy in the management of grade I astrocytomas.

INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to analyze the outcome of patients with grade I astrocytomas treated with radiation therapy, specifically looking at the prognostic significance of age, timing of radiation therapy (immediately after surgery or delayed until progression) and tumor location.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The records of patients with grade I astrocytomas treated at Washington University Medical Center between 1982 and 2002 were reviewed.

Twenty patients with grade I pilocytic astrocytoma (n=19) or subependymal giant cell astrocytoma (n=1) were treated with radiation therapy with curative intent.

All tumor recurrences were local.

CONCLUSIONS: While this study reports an excellent overall survival, approximately one third of patients with grade I astrocytomas had progressive disease following radiation therapy.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / radiotherapy. Brain Neoplasms / radiotherapy. Neoplasm Recurrence, Local

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(PMID = 16132503.001).

[ISSN] 0167-594X

[Journal-full-title] Journal of neuro-oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Neurooncol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] Netherlands

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Survival and functional outcome of childhood spinal cord low-grade gliomas. Clinical article.

OBJECT: Intramedullary spinal cord low-grade gliomas (LGGs) are rare CNS neoplasms in pediatric patients, and there is little information on therapy for and outcome of these tumors in this population.

Furthermore, most patient series combine adult and pediatric patients or high- and low-grade tumors, resulting in controversial data regarding optimal treatment of these children.

Histological testing revealed a Grade I astrocytoma in 86% of tumors.

Chemotherapy and radiation therapy showed similar efficacy, achieving sustained tumor control in most patients.

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(PMID = 19772410.001).

[ISSN] 1933-0707

[Journal-full-title] Journal of neurosurgery. Pediatrics

[ISO-abbreviation] J Neurosurg Pediatr

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] The expression of the O-linked N-acetylglucosamine containing epitope H in the gemistocytic, pilocytic and subependymal giant cell astrocytomas.

In normal human brains the epitope H is present mostly to a minority of fibrous astrocytes, whereas it is greatly up-regulated in reactive astrocytes and is increased in well differentiated fibrillary astrocytomas compared to anaplastic astrocytomas and glioblastomas.

In this study the expression of the epitope H was investigated in thirty cases of gemistocytic (WHO grade II), pilocytic (WHO grade I), and subependymal giant cell (WHO grade I) astrocytomas using the mAbH with the indirect immunoperoxidase method.

The ten cases of gemistocytic astrocytomas revealed an overall high expression pattern.

The ten cases of pilocytic astrocytomas revealed a biphasic pattern of epitope H expression.

The dense tumor areas composed of elongated pilocytic cells revealed high expression of the epitope H.

The loose cystic tumor areas composed of stellate cells revealed low expression of the epitope H.

The ten cases of subependynal giant cell astrocytomas occurring in tuberous sclerosis revealed an overall high expression pattern.

This study shows that there is high expression of the epitope H in gemistocytic, pilocytic and subependymal giant cell astrocytomas.

Collectively considering, the present and our previous data, it appears that there is a spectrum of the expression levels of the epitope H ranging from the high expression in the reactive astrocytes and low grade astrocytomas to the low/null expression in the normal astrocytes and glioblastomas.

[MeSH-major] Acetylglucosamine / analysis. Astrocytoma / chemistry. Brain Neoplasms / chemistry. Epitopes

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(PMID = 19639198.001).

[ISSN] 1021-335X

[Journal-full-title] Oncology reports

[ISO-abbreviation] Oncol. Rep.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] Greece

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Epitopes; V956696549 / Acetylglucosamine

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Exploring the distinctive biological characteristics of pilocytic and low-grade diffuse astrocytomas using microarray gene expression profiles.

Although World Health Organization (WHO) grade I pilocytic astrocytomas and grade II diffuse astrocytomas have been classified for decades as different clinicopathologic entities, few, if any, data are available on the biologic features explaining these differences.

Although more than 50 microarray-related studies have been carried out to characterize the molecular profiles of astrocytic tumors, we have identified only 11 that provide sound data on low-grade astrocytomas.

We have incorporated these data into a comparative analysis for the purpose of identifying the most relevant molecular markers characterizing grade I pilocytic and grade II diffuse astrocytomas.

Our analysis has identified various interesting genes that are differentially expressed in either grade I or grade II astrocytomas when compared with normal tissue and/or high-grade (WHO grade III and IV) astrocytomas.

Interestingly, a group of 6 genes (TIMP4, C1NH, CHAD, THBS4, IGFBP2, and TLE2) constitute an expression profile characteristic of grade I astrocytomas as compared with all other categories of tissue (normal brain, grade II, and high-grade astrocytomas).

The end products (proteins) of these genes act as antimigratory compounds, a fact that could explain why pilocytic astrocytomas behave as compact (well-circumscribed) tumors as opposed to all the other astrocytic tumor types that diffusely invade the brain parenchyma.

Having validated these molecular markers by means of real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, an integrated model was proposed illustrating how and why pilocytic astrocytomas constitute a distinct biologic and pathologic entity when compared with diffuse astrocytomas.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / genetics. Biomarkers, Tumor / genetics. Brain Neoplasms / genetics. Gene Expression Profiling / methods. Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / genetics. Genetic Predisposition to Disease / genetics

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Cell Adhesion / genetics. Cell Movement / genetics. Child. Extracellular Matrix Proteins / genetics. Extracellular Matrix Proteins / metabolism. Humans. Models, Neurological. Neoplasm Invasiveness / genetics. Neoplasm Invasiveness / physiopathology. Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis / methods. Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

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(PMID = 16896313.001).

[ISSN] 0022-3069

[Journal-full-title] Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / Extracellular Matrix Proteins

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

We examined the expression of Beclin 1 protein in 212 primary human brain tumours, including 97 high-grade glial tumours, 29 low-grade glial tumours, 4 grade III meningiomas, 19 grade II meningiomas, 52 grade I meningiomas, and 11 medulloblastomas.

In most high-grade astrocytic, ependymal neoplasms and atypical meningiomas we found a decrease of cytoplasmic protein expression that was, instead, high in the majority of low-grade tumours and in medulloblastomas.

The expression level of Beclin 1 mRNA was significantly lower in glioblastomas than in grade II (p=0.04) and grade I (p=0.01) astrocytomas; in grade III than in grade I astrocytomas (p=0.01); in grade II than in grade I meningiomas (p=0.03); and in all glial tumours when compared to all meningiomas (p<0.0001).

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(PMID = 17203225.001).

[ISSN] 1019-6439

[Journal-full-title] International journal of oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] Int. J. Oncol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] Greece

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; 0 / BECN1 protein, human; 0 / Membrane Proteins; 0 / RNA, Messenger

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Osteopontin expression correlates with angiogenesis and survival in malignant astrocytoma.

The aim of the study was to analyze the expression of OPN in human astrocytomas and to correlate it with angiogenesis and patients' outcome.

Seventy-six human astrocytomas including eight pilocytic astrocytomas (grade I), 10 diffuse astrocytomas (grade II), 8 anaplastic astrocytomas (grade III) and 50 glioblastomas (grade IV) were immunohistochemically stained for OPN protein.

Astrocytomas were heterogeneous regarding the OPN expression.

Our results indicate the overexpression of OPN protein in astrocytoma cells and suggest the role of OPN in astrocytoma progression and angiogenesis.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / blood supply. Astrocytoma / metabolism. Biomarkers, Tumor / metabolism. Brain Neoplasms / blood supply. Brain Neoplasms / metabolism. Neovascularization, Pathologic / metabolism. Osteopontin / metabolism

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(PMID = 18493866.001).

[ISSN] 1219-4956

[Journal-full-title] Pathology oncology research : POR

[ISO-abbreviation] Pathol. Oncol. Res.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Netherlands

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 106441-73-0 / Osteopontin

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Expression and activity of l-isoaspartyl methyltransferase decrease in stage progression of human astrocytic tumors.

Here we investigated PIMT regulation in astrocytic tumors, which are the most common human brain tumors.

PIMT expression and enzyme activity were significantly decreased in all grades of human astrocytic tumors.

More precisely, PIMT levels were significantly lower by 76% in pilocytic astrocytomas (grade I), 46% in astrocytomas (grade II), 69% in anaplastic astrocytomas (grade III), and a marked 80% in glioblastomas (grade IV) as compared to normal brains.

Furthermore, the reduced PIMT levels correlated closely with a decrease in the number of neuron cells in astrocytic tumors as assessed by measuring the neuron-specific enolase level.

Many proteins with abnormal aspartyl residues accumulated in brain tumors and some were specific to individual grades of astrocytic tumors.

Similar results were obtained, either by measuring the reduction in PIMT activity and expression or by measuring the formation of abnormal proteins, in an orthotopic rat brain tumor model implanted with invasive CNS-1 glioma cells.

The novelty of these findings was to provide the first evidence for a marked reduction of PIMT expression and activity during stage progression of astrocytic tumors in humans.

[MeSH-minor] Animals. Blotting, Northern. Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / metabolism. Humans. Immunohistochemistry / methods. Male. Methylation. Neoplasm Transplantation / methods. Phosphopyruvate Hydratase / metabolism. RNA, Messenger / metabolism. Rats. Rats, Inbred Lew. Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / methods

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(PMID = 15857672.001).

[ISSN] 0169-328X

[Journal-full-title] Brain research. Molecular brain research

[ISO-abbreviation] Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Netherlands

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; 0 / RNA, Messenger; EC 2.1.1.77 / Protein D-Aspartate-L-Isoaspartate Methyltransferase; EC 4.2.1.11 / Phosphopyruvate Hydratase

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Histomorphometry of tumour cell nuclei in astrocytomas using shape analysis, densitometry and topometric analysis.

Although tumour cell nuclei are important histological structures for grading of astrocytomas according to the WHO-classification of brain tumours, there is no reported morphometric study of astrocytomas which describes quantitatively the four main morphologic criteria of tumour cell nuclei: size, shape, texture (densitometric characteristics) and spatial relationships between the nuclei (topometric analysis).

Using a set of morphometric parameters describing these criteria as well as the Ki67-proliferation index, 74 astrocytomas from 74 patients were studied by means of a digital image analysis system.

The objective of the study was to test, if these morphometric parameters were sufficient for statistical discrimination between pilocytic astrocytomas WHO-grade I, astrocytomas grade II and anaplastic astrocytomas grade III.

Our results showed a correct reclassification of 97.3% (72/74) of the cases with respect to the tumour grade by means of cross-validated discriminant analysis.

In conclusion, the present morphometric procedure provided good discrimination between the tumour grades, supporting the view that histomorphometry of tumour cell nuclei could be a valuable tool for grading of astrocytomas.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / pathology. Astrocytoma / ultrastructure. Brain Neoplasms / pathology. Brain Neoplasms / ultrastructure. Cell Nucleus / pathology. Cell Nucleus / ultrastructure

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(PMID = 15634229.001).

[ISSN] 0305-1846

[Journal-full-title] Neuropathology and applied neurobiology

[ISO-abbreviation] Neuropathol. Appl. Neurobiol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] England

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Postoperative radiotherapy results in primary spinal cord astrocytomas.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: We retrospectively evaluated the therapeutic outcomes of patients with primary spinal cord astrocytomas treated with conventional radiotherapy at our institute.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between May 1975 and December 1997, 26 patients with histologically proven spinal cord astrocytomas were treated with conventional radiotherapy, and twenty-four eligible patients were evaluated.

Fourteen of astrocytomas were grade I, 6 of them grade II and 4 grade III.

Patients were treated with 1-2 Gy daily fractions, and given to a median total dose of 49.5 Gy (range 35-60 Gy) external radiotherapy to primary tumor.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / radiotherapy. Spinal Cord Neoplasms / radiotherapy

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(PMID = 15683668.001).

[ISSN] 0167-8140

[Journal-full-title] Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] Radiother Oncol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] Ireland

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

However, 14-3-3 immunoreactivity was seen in the majority of astrocytomas [grade I (9/11), II (16/21), III (13/17), IV (17/21)].

There was no difference between the positive expression rates of 14-3-3 in different grades of astrocytomas (P = 0.968).

But the intensity and degree of 14-3-3 immunoreactivity in diffuse astrocytomas, anaplastic astrocytoma, and glioblastoma multiformes showed trends with tumor grade, with glioblastomas having the highest positivity (P = 0.048).

[MeSH-major] 14-3-3 Proteins / biosynthesis. Biomarkers, Tumor / analysis. Brain Neoplasms / metabolism

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(PMID = 16292484.001).

[ISSN] 0167-594X

[Journal-full-title] Journal of neuro-oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Neurooncol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Netherlands

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / 14-3-3 Proteins; 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / YWHAB protein, human

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Alterations of BRAF and HIPK2 loci predominate in sporadic pilocytic astrocytoma.

OBJECTIVE: Independent studies have previously demonstrated that both the HIPK2 and BRAF genes are amplified and rearranged, respectively, in pilocytic astrocytomas (PAs).

CONCLUSIONS: BRAF rearrangement represents the most common genetic alteration in sporadic, but not neurofibromatosis type 1-associated, pilocytic astrocytomas (PAs).

These findings implicate BRAF in the pathogenesis of these common low-grade astrocytomas in children, and suggest that PAs arise either from NF1 inactivation or BRAF gain of function.

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[CommentIn] Neurology. 2009 Nov 10;73(19):1522-3 [19812379.001]

(PMID = 19794125.001).

[ISSN] 1526-632X

[Journal-full-title] Neurology

[ISO-abbreviation] Neurology

[Language] ENG

[Grant] United States / NCRR NIH HHS / RR / UL1 RR024992; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / P30 CA91842

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / Carrier Proteins; 0 / DNA, Neoplasm; EC 2.7.1.- / HIPK2 protein, human; EC 2.7.11.1 / BRAF protein, human; EC 2.7.11.1 / Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases; EC 2.7.11.1 / Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2777068

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Prognostic significance of co-overexpression of the EGFR/IGFBP-2/HIF-2A genes in astrocytomas.

Overexpression of the EGFR, IGFBP-2 and HIF-2A genes has been observed in high-grade astrocytomas and these genes seem to be functionally related to one another.

This study aimed to define the profile of their expressions, interactions and correlation with clinical features and prognostic significance in microdissected tumor samples from 84 patients with astrocytomas of different grades and from 6 white matter non-neoplasic brain tissue sample.

EGFR, IGFBP-2 and HIF-2A gene expression levels were analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR and differed significantly between grades I-IV astrocytic tumors (P < 0.0001, P < 0.0001 and P: 0.0013, respectively) when analyzed by the Kruskal-Wallis test.

Grade I astrocytomas presented gene expression levels similar to those encountered in samples of microdissected white matter of non-neoplastic brain tissue Overexpression of the EGFR, IGFBP-2 and HIF-2A genes was significantly associated with lower 2-year survival (P: 0.009, P: 0.0002 and P: 0.008, respectively).

Co-overexpression of these genes was strongly associated with high-grade gliomas and lower survival in univariate (P < 0.0001) and multivariate (P: 0.009) analysis, suggesting that the co-expression of the EGFR/IGFBP-2/HIF-2A pathway genes may have a more important clinical and biological impact than the expression of each individual gene alone.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / genetics. Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors / genetics. Brain Neoplasms / genetics. Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic. Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 2 / genetics. Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor / genetics

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Child. Female. Humans. Male. Microdissection. Middle Aged. Neoplasm Staging. Prognosis. RNA, Messenger / genetics. RNA, Messenger / metabolism. RNA, Neoplasm / genetics. RNA, Neoplasm / metabolism. Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

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(PMID = 17285230.001).

[ISSN] 0167-594X

[Journal-full-title] Journal of neuro-oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Neurooncol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Netherlands

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors; 0 / Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 2; 0 / RNA, Messenger; 0 / RNA, Neoplasm; 0 / endothelial PAS domain-containing protein 1; EC 2.7.10.1 / Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Cordotomy for patients with thoracic malignant astrocytoma.

OBJECT: The optimal management of malignant astrocytomas remains controversial, and the prognosis of these lesions has been dismal regardless of the administered treatment.

In this study the authors investigated the surgical outcomes of cordotomy in patients with thoracic malignant astrocytomas to determine the effectiveness of this procedure.

METHODS: Cordotomy was performed in 5 patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and 2 with anaplastic astrocytoma (AA).

In the 2 patients with GBM, cordotomy was performed 2 and 3 weeks after a partial tumor resection.

In the 2 patients with AA, the initial treatment consisted of partial tumor resection and subtotal resection combined with radiotherapy, and rostral tumor growth and progressive paralysis necessitated cordotomy 2 and 28 months later.

One patient with a secondary GBM underwent cordotomy; the GBM developed 1 year after subtotal resection and radiotherapy for a WHO Grade II astrocytoma.

In patients with thoracic GBM, even if paralysis is incomplete, cordotomy should be performed before the tumor disseminates through the CSF.

If the tumor persists, radiotherapy and chemotherapy are indicated, and cordotomy should be reserved for lesions growing progressively after such second-line treatments.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / surgery. Cordotomy. Thoracic Neoplasms / surgery

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Disease Progression. Encephalitis / etiology. Female. Glioblastoma / complications. Glioblastoma / pathology. Glioblastoma / surgery. Humans. Kaplan-Meier Estimate. Male. Middle Aged. Neoplasm Staging. Pain, Postoperative. Paraplegia / etiology. Paraplegia / surgery. Prognosis. Radiotherapy, Adjuvant. Treatment Outcome. Young Adult

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(PMID = 20887138.001).

[ISSN] 1547-5646

[Journal-full-title] Journal of neurosurgery. Spine

[ISO-abbreviation] J Neurosurg Spine

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] The combination of low cytoplasmic and high nuclear expression of p27 predicts a better prognosis in high-grade astrocytoma.

No previous reports have examined the subcellular localization of p27 in glioma which was evaluated here regarding the prognosis in high-grade astrocytomas.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: The pattern of subcellular localization of p27 expression was examined immunohistochemically in 49 patients with high-grade astrocytoma who were over 20 years of age.

Cox multiple regression analysis showed the combination of high nuclear and low cytoplasmic p27 expression associated with a significantly better prognosis in high-grade astrocytoma.

CONCLUSION: A combination of low cytoplasmic and high nuclear expression of p27 predicts a better prognosis in high-grade astrocytomas and thus the subcellular localization of p27 expression is useful for predicting the prognosis for these patients.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / metabolism. Biomarkers, Tumor / biosynthesis. Brain Neoplasms / metabolism. Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27 / biosynthesis

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(PMID = 19331209.001).

[ISSN] 0250-7005

[Journal-full-title] Anticancer research

[ISO-abbreviation] Anticancer Res.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Greece

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 147604-94-2 / Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Pediatric low-grade gliomas and the need for new options for therapy: Why and how?

Pediatric low-grade gliomas are the most common tumors of the central nervous system in children, accounting for almost 50% of all childhood brain tumors.

Most treatment studies address low-grade gliomas as a single entity, depriving us of histology-specific treatment outcomes.

This is mostly due to a lack of understanding of tumor biology at the molecular level.

Pediatric low-grade gliomas are not benign, and most incompletely resected tumors will progress and negatively affect quality of life.

The advancements made in understanding sporadic pilocytic astrocytoma and neurofibromatosis 1-associated pilocytic astrocytoma in particular have paved the way for potential targeted therapy and biological stratification.

Such progress in pilocytic astrocytoma needs to be consolidated and expanded to other histologic varieties of pediatric low-grade gliomas.

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(PMID = 19164945.001).

[ISSN] 1555-8576

[Journal-full-title] Cancer biology & therapy

[ISO-abbreviation] Cancer Biol. Ther.

[Language] ENG

[Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / P30 CA021765; None / None / / P30 CA021765-31; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / P30 CA021765-31; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / P30 CA21765

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] EC 2.7.11.1 / BRAF protein, human; EC 2.7.11.1 / Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf

[Number-of-references] 97

[Other-IDs] NLM/ NIHMS161402; NLM/ PMC2810626

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Pilomyxoid astrocytoma of the fourth ventricle in an adult.

Pilomyxoid astrocytomas have been identified as a variant of pilocytic astrocytoma.

This tumour corresponds to a WHO grade II neoplasm whereas pilocytic astrocytoma corresponds to WHO grade I.

Pilomyxoid astrocytomas are not limited to the hypothalamic/chiasmatic region in children.

Additional knowledge and recognition of this entity is necessary to improve treatment of pilomyxoid astrocytoma.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / pathology. Cerebral Ventricle Neoplasms / pathology. Fourth Ventricle / pathology

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Age Distribution. Biomarkers, Tumor / analysis. Biomarkers, Tumor / metabolism. Cranial Nerve Diseases / etiology. Cranial Nerve Diseases / physiopathology. Humans. Hyperacusis / etiology. Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Male. Neurosurgical Procedures. Postoperative Complications / etiology. Postoperative Complications / physiopathology. Tinnitus / etiology. Treatment Outcome

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(PMID = 18958385.001).

[ISSN] 0942-0940

[Journal-full-title] Acta neurochirurgica

[ISO-abbreviation] Acta Neurochir (Wien)

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Austria

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] [Operative case of isomorphic astrocytoma].

Diffuse astrocytomas are classified as WHO Grade II tumors.

Recently, a subtype presenting with better prognosis has been proposed, and it is known as "isomorphic astrocytoma."

The tumor was resected under awake surgery.

The pathological diagnosis was diffuse astrocytoma, but this tumor was considered to be the isomorphic subtype.

Some parts of the tumor showed a relatively high MIB-1 labeling index (LI) of 9.2%, and additional 50-Gy radiotherapy was performed.

Isomorphic astrocytoma is characterized by prolonged epileptic seizures, a low MIB-1 LI, and better prognosis.

In our case, since the MIB-1 LI was higher in some parts of the tumor, the appropriate therapy for WHO Grade II tumors was performed.

However, this case was considered representative of isomorphic astrocytoma.

No reports of this tumor subtype have been previously described in Japan.

Therefore, this report is the first case of isomorphic astrocytoma reported to Japanese literature.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / surgery. Brain Neoplasms / surgery

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(PMID = 17713125.001).

[ISSN] 1881-6096

[Journal-full-title] Brain and nerve = Shinkei kenkyū no shinpo

[ISO-abbreviation] Brain Nerve

[Language] jpn

[Publication-type] Case Reports; English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Japan

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Distinct genetic signatures among pilocytic astrocytomas relate to their brain region origin.

Pilocytic astrocytomas (PAs) are the most common glioma in children.

Whereas many PAs are slow-growing or clinically indolent, others exhibit more aggressive features with tumor recurrence and death.

Lastly, we also identified a gene expression pattern common to PAs and normal mouse astrocytes and neural stem cells from these distinct brain regions as well as a gene expression pattern shared between PAs and another human glial tumor (ependymoma) arising supratentorially compared with those originating in the posterior fossa.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / genetics. Infratentorial Neoplasms / genetics. Supratentorial Neoplasms / genetics

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(PMID = 17283119.001).

[ISSN] 0008-5472

[Journal-full-title] Cancer research

[ISO-abbreviation] Cancer Res.

[Language] eng

[Databank-accession-numbers] GEO/ GSE5582/ GSE5675

[Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / P30 CA 91842

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] No aberrant methylation of neurofibromatosis 1 gene (NF1) promoter in pilocytic astrocytoma in childhood.

With 30-40% of this heterogenous group, low-grade astrocytomas represent the most common subtype.

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is strongly associated with the development of pilocytic astrocytoma (PA), frequently appearing as optic glioma.

Neurofibromatosis 1 gene (NF1 ) fulfills the criteria of a tumor suppressor gene and is deleted or mutated heterozygously in patients with NF1.

To rule out that silencing of NF1 by promoter methylation is restricted to higher-grade astrocytomas, 15 pediatric WHO II degree and IV degree astrocytomas were analyzed: 12 astrocytomas II and 3 glioblastomas displayed no NF1 promoter methylation.

The authors conclude that NF1 silencing by methylation plays no role in low-grade astrocytoma.

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(PMID = 15770836.001).

[ISSN] 0888-0018

[Journal-full-title] Pediatric hematology and oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] Pediatr Hematol Oncol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Neurofibromin 1

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Here, we report a 19-year-old Saudi girl diagnosed as a case of astrocytoma grade II arising from the right thalamus.

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(PMID = 22473142.001).

[ISSN] 1319-6138

[Journal-full-title] Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia)

[ISO-abbreviation] Neurosciences (Riyadh)

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] Saudi Arabia

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

As a rule, their behaviour can be predicted from histology: Grade I (pilocytic astrocytomas) and Grade II (benign astrocytomas) tumours are of low grade and grow slowly over many years.

Grade IV tumours (GBM) are the most aggressive and, unfortunately, also the most common in humans, growing rapidly, invading and altering brain function.

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[Cites] Cancer Res. 1995 Nov 1;55(21):4833-6 [7585516.001]

[Cites] Cancer. 1980 Jan 1;45(1):112-25 [6985826.001]

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(PMID = 21614314.001).

[ISSN] 1823-5530

[Journal-full-title] Biomedical imaging and intervention journal

[ISO-abbreviation] Biomed Imaging Interv J

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] Malaysia

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC3097703

[Keywords] NOTNLM ; GBM / Glioblastoma multiforme / extracranial metastases / glioma

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the demographic, clinical, radiological, pathological and surgical features and outcomes of infantile intracranial neoplasms, the second most common neoplasm in infants.

The most common tumor was choroid plexus papilloma (23.8%), followed by teratoma (19%) then astrocytoma and ependymoma (14.3% each).

The statistically significant predictors of prognosis were the extent of resection and tumor grade.

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Astrocytoma / drug therapy. Astrocytoma / mortality. Astrocytoma / surgery. Chemotherapy, Adjuvant. Child. Child, Preschool. Combined Modality Therapy. Egypt / epidemiology. Ependymoma / drug therapy. Ependymoma / mortality. Ependymoma / surgery. Female. Humans. Infant. Infant, Newborn. Male. Medulloblastoma / drug therapy. Medulloblastoma / mortality. Medulloblastoma / surgery. Morbidity. Neurilemmoma / drug therapy. Neurilemmoma / mortality. Neurilemmoma / surgery. Prognosis. Quality of Life. Referral and Consultation / statistics & numerical data. Retrospective Studies. Teratoma / drug therapy. Teratoma / mortality. Teratoma / surgery

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[Copyright] Copyright © 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel.

(PMID = 21160236.001).

[ISSN] 1423-0305

[Journal-full-title] Pediatric neurosurgery

[ISO-abbreviation] Pediatr Neurosurg

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] Switzerland

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Infiltrating growing pattern xenografts induced by glioblastoma and anaplastic astrocytoma derived tumor stem cells.

OBJECTIVE: The number of evidences regarding the role of tumor stem cells (TSC) in the initiation and progression of high-grade astrocytomas became more and more numerous in the last years.

This issue has been intensively tested in glioblastoma, but little attention has been paid for anaplastic astrocytoma.

The main objective of this paper was to study the morphological characteristics of the xenografts developed from glioblastoma and anaplastic astrocytoma derived cancer stem cells.

METHODS: The authors of this study successfully isolated and partial characterized primary cultures of glioblastoma and anaplastic astrocytoma derived TSC.

RESULTS: The tumor xenografts which have been established in nude mice using TSC had different characteristics when compared with U87 xenografts previously developed by our group, and depend of the origin type of the tumors (glioblastoma versus anaplastic astrocytoma).

The diffuse growing pattern and cells infiltration have been more pronounced in both anaplastic astrocytoma and glioblastoma derived TSC xenografts compared with U87 line xenografts.

CONCLUSION: Our results support the hypothesis regarding the role of TSC in the infiltration process of glioblastoma and anaplastic astrocytoma.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / pathology. Brain Neoplasms / pathology. Glioblastoma / pathology. Neoplastic Stem Cells / pathology. Transplantation, Heterologous

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(PMID = 21141095.001).

[ISSN] 1221-9118

[Journal-full-title] Chirurgia (Bucharest, Romania : 1990)

[ISO-abbreviation] Chirurgia (Bucur)

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Romania

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Patients with IDH1 wild type anaplastic astrocytomas exhibit worse prognosis than IDH1-mutated glioblastomas, and IDH1 mutation status accounts for the unfavorable prognostic effect of higher age: implications for classification of gliomas.

WHO grading of human brain tumors extends beyond a strictly histological grading system by providing a basis predictive for the clinical behavior of the respective neoplasm.

For example, patients with glioblastoma WHO grade IV usually show a less favorable clinical course and receive more aggressive first-line treatment than patients with anaplastic astrocytoma WHO grade III.

Here we provide evidence that the IDH1 status is more prognostic for overall survival than standard histological criteria that differentiate high-grade astrocytomas.

We sequenced the isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 gene (IDH1) at codon 132 in 382 patients with anaplastic astrocytoma and glioblastoma from the NOA-04 trial and from a prospective translational cohort study of the German Glioma Network.

Patients with anaplastic astrocytomas carried IDH1 mutations in 60%, and patients with glioblastomas in 7.2%.

The sequence from more favorable to poorer outcome was (1) anaplastic astrocytoma with IDH1 mutation, (2) glioblastoma with IDH1 mutation, (3) anaplastic astrocytoma without IDH1 mutation and (4) glioblastoma without IDH1 mutation (p < 0.0001).

In this combined set of anaplastic astrocytomas and glioblastomas both, IDH1 mutation and IDH1 expression status were of greater prognostic relevance than histological diagnosis according to the current WHO classification system.

We propose to complement the current WHO classification and grading of high-grade astrocytic gliomas by the IDH1 mutation status and to use this combined histological and molecular classification in future clinical trials.

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Age Factors. Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Astrocytoma / diagnosis. Astrocytoma / genetics. Astrocytoma / pathology. Cohort Studies. Female. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Prognosis. Prospective Studies. Young Adult

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(PMID = 21088844.001).

[ISSN] 1432-0533

[Journal-full-title] Acta neuropathologica

[ISO-abbreviation] Acta Neuropathol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Germany

[Chemical-registry-number] EC 1.1.1.41 / Isocitrate Dehydrogenase; EC 1.1.1.42. / IDH1 protein, human

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Astrocytoma was the most frequently diagnosed pathology in both eras accounting for nearly 90% of biopsies.

Mortality, on follow-up, in children with diffuse low- and high-grade astrocytoma was similar.

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[Copyright] Copyright © 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel.

(PMID = 20861659.001).

[ISSN] 1423-0372

[Journal-full-title] Stereotactic and functional neurosurgery

[ISO-abbreviation] Stereotact Funct Neurosurg

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Switzerland

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] A multivariate analysis of factors determining tumor progression in childhood low-grade glioma: a population-based cohort study (CCLG CNS9702).

The purpose of this study was to identify risk factors for the progression of low-grade glioma in children from a large population-based cohort.

Patient and tumor details of a national cohort of children with low-grade glioma, recruited into an international multidisciplinary clinical strategy, were subjected to univariate and multivariate analyses of progression-free survival and overall survival.

From the cohort of 798 patients, 639 patients were eligible, with a median age 6.71 years (0.26-16.75 years); 49% were males; 15.9% had neurofibromatosis type 1, 63.7% pilocytic astrocytoma, 5.9% fibrillary astrocytoma, 4.2% mixed neuronal-glial tumors, and 3.6% others; 21.1% were diagnosed clinically.

There was a significant association between age and site (P < .001) and extent of tumor resection and site (P < .001).

Multivariate analysis identified young age, fibrillary astrocytoma, and extent of surgical resection as significant independent risk factors for progression.

In conclusion, the influence of age and anatomical site upon the risk of tumor progression suggests that these factors strongly influence tumor behavior for the majority of pilocytic tumors.

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[Cites] Childs Nerv Syst. 2005 Nov;21(11):940-4 [16044344.001]

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(PMID = 20861086.001).

[ISSN] 1523-5866

[Journal-full-title] Neuro-oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] Neuro-oncology

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC3018938

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

BACKGROUND: Previous researches have indicated that glioma invasion may occur within a tumor-host microecology, and that fibronectin may be involved in glioma invasion as an important component of the extracellular matrix.

However, how the interaction between tumor cells and vascular endothelial cells affects glioma invasion is poorly understood.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the interaction between tumor cells and vascular endothelial cells on glioma invasion, and the relationship of this interaction to fibronectin.

METHODS: The localization of fibronectin in different brain astrocytoma tissues was determined by immunohistochemistry.

Additionally, the influence of the interaction between tumor cells and vascular endothelial cells on glioma cell invasion was determined by an in vitro rapid invasion test.

RESULTS: In brain astrocytoma tissues, fibronectin was present on the endothelial cells, in the extracellular matrix.

Fibronectin expression was greater in higher grade tumors than in lower grade tumors.

[MeSH-minor] Astrocytoma / metabolism. Brain Neoplasms / metabolism. Cell Movement / physiology. Cells, Cultured. Coculture Techniques. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay. Humans. Immunohistochemistry. Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

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(PMID = 20819642.001).

[ISSN] 0366-6999

[Journal-full-title] Chinese medical journal

[ISO-abbreviation] Chin. Med. J.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] China

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Fibronectins

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Genome-wide expression profiling identifies deregulated miRNAs in malignant astrocytoma.

Malignant astrocytoma includes anaplastic astrocytoma (grade III) and glioblastoma (grade IV).

Among them, glioblastoma is the most common primary brain tumor with dismal responses to all therapeutic modalities.

We performed a large-scale, genome-wide microRNA (miRNA) (n=756) expression profiling of 26 glioblastoma, 13 anaplastic astrocytoma and 7 normal brain samples with an aim to find deregulated miRNA in malignant astrocytoma.

More importantly, we identified a most discriminatory 23-miRNA expression signature, by using PAM, which precisely distinguished glioblastoma from anaplastic astrocytoma with an accuracy of 95%.

The differential expression pattern of nine miRNAs was further validated by real-time RT-PCR on an independent set of malignant astrocytomas (n=72) and normal samples (n=7).

Thus we have identified the miRNA expression signature for malignant astrocytoma, in particular glioblastoma, and showed the miRNA involvement and their importance in astrocytoma development.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / genetics. Biomarkers, Tumor / genetics. Brain Neoplasms / genetics. MicroRNAs / genetics

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(PMID = 20711171.001).

[ISSN] 1530-0285

[Journal-full-title] Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc

[ISO-abbreviation] Mod. Pathol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / MicroRNAs

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nine baseline and 24 follow-up DTI studies performed in 9 patients on a 1.5T clinical MR imaging scanner were reviewed.

Reference data were obtained from 8 controls with normal brain stem, 6 patients with medulloblastoma, and 7 patients with pilocytic astrocytoma.

FA was lower in DIBSG than in normal brain stem (0.24 ± 0.04 versus 0.43 ± 0.02, P < .001) but was higher than that in pilocytic astrocytoma (0.17 ± 0.05, P < .05).

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / pathology. Brain Stem Neoplasms / pathology. Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging / methods. Medulloblastoma / pathology

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(PMID = 20595371.001).

[ISSN] 1936-959X

[Journal-full-title] AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology

[ISO-abbreviation] AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Transliterated title] Etude de sept cas de méningiomes à cellules claires et revue de la littérature.

CONCLUSION: Our study supports the fact that MCC course is less favourable than meningioma WHO grade I, even in the absence of anaplastic area, high mitotic activity, or necrosis.

[MeSH-major] Biomarkers, Tumor / analysis. Meningeal Neoplasms / pathology. Meningioma / pathology. Neoplasm Proteins / analysis

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Astrocytoma / diagnosis. Child, Preschool. Diagnostic Errors. Ependymoma / diagnosis. Female. Humans. Keratins / analysis. Ki-67 Antigen / analysis. Male. Middle Aged. Mucin-1 / analysis. Neurofibromatosis 2 / diagnosis. Neurofibromatosis 2 / genetics. Neurofibromatosis 2 / pathology. Receptors, Progesterone / analysis. Retrospective Studies. S100 Proteins / analysis. Young Adult

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[Copyright] Copyright 2010 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

(PMID = 20451062.001).

[ISSN] 0242-6498

[Journal-full-title] Annales de pathologie

[ISO-abbreviation] Ann Pathol

[Language] fre

[Publication-type] English Abstract; Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] France

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / Ki-67 Antigen; 0 / Mucin-1; 0 / Neoplasm Proteins; 0 / Receptors, Progesterone; 0 / S100 Proteins; 68238-35-7 / Keratins

[Number-of-references] 33

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Medulloblastoma, ependymoma, supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumors, and pilocytic astrocytoma are the most prevalent types, all of which are clinically, histologically, and genetically heterogeneous.

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(PMID = 20425037.001).

[ISSN] 1534-6293

[Journal-full-title] Current neurology and neuroscience reports

[ISO-abbreviation] Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] United States

[Number-of-references] 55

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Sleeping beauty-mediated somatic mutagenesis implicates CSF1 in the formation of high-grade astrocytomas.

To identify glioma-associated genes, we evaluated tumor formation in the brain tissue from 117 transgenic mice that had undergone constitutive SB-mediated transposition.

Upon analysis, 21 samples (18%) contained neoplastic tissue with features of high-grade astrocytomas.

Genomic DNA from SB-induced astrocytoma tissue was extracted and transposon insertion sites were identified.

Using reverse transcription-PCR, we documented increased Csf1 RNAs in tumor versus adjacent normal tissue, with the identification of transposon-terminated Csf1 mRNAs in astrocytomas with SB insertions in intron 8.

Together, these results indicate that SB-insertional mutagenesis can identify high-grade astrocytoma-associated genes and they imply an important role for CSF1 in the development of these tumors.

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[Copyright] (c)2010 AACR.

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(PMID = 20388773.001).

[ISSN] 1538-7445

[Journal-full-title] Cancer research

[ISO-abbreviation] Cancer Res.

[Language] ENG

[Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA113636-02; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA113636-03; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01CA113636; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA113636-03; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / K01CA122183; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / T32 CA009138; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA113636-05; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA113636-01A1; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA113636-01A1; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA113636; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA113636-05; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA113636-04; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA113636-02; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / K01 CA122183; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA113636-04

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / DNA Transposable Elements; 0 / RNA, Messenger; 81627-83-0 / Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; EC 2.7.10.1 / Receptor, Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; EC 2.7.7.- / Transposases

[Other-IDs] NLM/ NIHMS185042; NLM/ PMC2862088

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Natural history and management of low-grade glioma in NF-1 children.

Pediatric neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) patients are prone to developing low-grade glioma (LGG).

Eighty-three patients (76%) suffered from an optic pathway tumor.

Histology revealed pilocytic astrocytoma WHO grade I in 38 of 42 biopsied patients.

Multivariate analysis revealed surgical intervention and localization within the optic pathway as factors that increased the risk of tumor progression.

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(PMID = 20352473.001).

[ISSN] 1573-7373

[Journal-full-title] Journal of neuro-oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Neurooncol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Clinical Trial; Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antineoplastic Agents

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Using 36 biopsies from patients with brain tumors [12 glioblastoma multiforme (GBM); 10 low-grade (LG), including 7 schwannoma and 3 pylocytic astrocytoma; 7 meningioma (MN); 7 brain metastases (MT), including 3 adenocarcinoma and 4 breast cancer] and 9 control biopsies from patients undergoing surgery for epilepsy, we tested the hypothesis that the presence of glycine may distinguish among these brain tumor types.

Quantitative analysis revealed higher levels of Gly in tumor biopsies (all combined) relative to controls; Gly levels were significantly elevated in LG, MT and GBM biopsies (P<or=0.05).

We conclude from these findings that Gly can serve as a biomarker for brain tumors and that the Gly:Myo ratio may be a useful index for brain tumor classification.

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(PMID = 20043062.001).

[ISSN] 1791-2423

[Journal-full-title] International journal of oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] Int. J. Oncol.

[Language] ENG

[Grant] United States / NIGMS NIH HHS / GM / P50 GM021700; United States / NIGMS NIH HHS / GM / P50GM021700

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Greece

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 4L6452S749 / Inositol; TE7660XO1C / Glycine

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC3715372

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Neurofibromatosis type 1 and high-grade tumors of the central nervous system.

PURPOSE: Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), a common genetic disorder, predisposes patients to the development of both benign and malignant tumors.

Although the most common central nervous system (CNS) tumor is a low-grade pilocytic astrocytoma of the optic pathway, there have been sporadic reports of NF1 patients with more aggressive CNS lesions.

METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of all patients with NF1 and any CNS tumor being followed in the Children's Memorial Hospital NF1 Clinic.

Five patients (3%) were identified as having high-grade tumors, which consisted of anaplastic medulloblastoma (n = 1) and high-grade glioma (n = 4).

Three of the five patients had a history of an OPT prior to the development of their high-grade lesions.

CONCLUSION: High-grade CNS tumors may occur in children with NF1.

Although tumors in NF patients are generally benign, clinicians should have a high index of suspicion of malignancy in patients whose tumors are in an unusual location or behave in an uncharacteristically aggressive manner.

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(PMID = 19937438.001).

[ISSN] 1433-0350

[Journal-full-title] Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery

[ISO-abbreviation] Childs Nerv Syst

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Germany

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Heterozygous point mutations of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)1 codon 132 are frequent in grade II and III gliomas.

Intriguing is the ability of mIDH1R132H to detect single infiltrating tumor cells.

The very high frequency and the distribution of this mutation among specific brain tumor entities allow the highly sensitive and specific discrimination of various tumors by immunohistochemistry, such as anaplastic astrocytoma from primary glioblastoma or diffuse astrocytoma World Health Organization (WHO) grade II from pilocytic astrocytoma or ependymoma.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / genetics. Brain Neoplasms / enzymology. Brain Neoplasms / genetics. Ependymoma / genetics. Glioma / enzymology. Glioma / genetics. Isocitrate Dehydrogenase / genetics. Isocitrate Dehydrogenase / immunology

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Aged. Antigen-Antibody Reactions. Blotting, Western. Child. Child, Preschool. Cloning, Molecular. DNA, Neoplasm / biosynthesis. DNA, Neoplasm / genetics. Female. Humans. Immunohistochemistry. Infant. Male. Middle Aged. Mutation / genetics. Mutation / physiology. Protein Biosynthesis. Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction. Young Adult

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(PMID = 19903171.001).

[ISSN] 1750-3639

[Journal-full-title] Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland)

[ISO-abbreviation] Brain Pathol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Switzerland

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / DNA, Neoplasm; EC 1.1.1.41 / Isocitrate Dehydrogenase; EC 1.1.1.42. / IDH1 protein, human

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Integrated molecular analysis suggests a three-class model for low-grade gliomas: a proof-of-concept study.

INTRODUCTION: We used an integrated molecular analysis strategy to perform class discovery on a population of low-grade gliomas (astrocytomas, oligodendrogliomas, and mixed gliomas) to improve our understanding of the molecular relationships among these tumors and to reconcile genotypic relationships with current histologic and molecular strategies for tumor classification.

Unsupervised class discovery algorithms identified and validated tumor clusters with genotypic similarity, and these data were integrated with chromosomal copy number assays and RT-PCR data to define molecular tumor subclasses.

RESULTS: Molecular class discovery suggested a three-class model for low-grade gliomas.

One discrete cluster of gliomas identified the pilocytic astrocytomas, a second grouped the 1p/19q codeleted oligodendrogliomas, and the mixture of remaining 1p/19q intact gliomas, including astrocytomas, oligodendrogliomas, and oligoastrocytomas, formed a third cluster with a discrete pattern of expression.

CONCLUSIONS: Integration of genomic, transcriptomic, and morphologic data for class discovery suggests a three-class model for low-grade gliomas.

Class I represents tumors with molecular similarity to pilocytic astrocytomas, class II tumors are similar to 1p/19q codeleted oligodendrogliomas, and class III represents infiltrative low-grade gliomas.

This classification is similar to current clinical paradigms for low-grade gliomas; our work suggests a molecular basis for such models.

This classification may supplement or may serve as the basis for a molecular pathologic alternative to current grading schemes for low-grade gliomas and may highlight potential targets for future biologically based treatments or strategies for future clinical trials.

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(PMID = 19835948.001).

[ISSN] 1089-8646

[Journal-full-title] Genomics

[ISO-abbreviation] Genomics

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 63231-63-0 / RNA

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Antigen p57/Kip2 as a potential negative regulator of human astrocytoma growth.

This study was performed to determine the relationship between p57/Kip2 and the growth of human astrocytomas.

Immunohistochemical staining for p57/Kip2, p53, p16, and Ki67 antigen was performed on paraffin-embedded tissue specimens obtained from 36 patients with astrocytoma.

Expression of p57/Kip2, p53, p16, and Ki67 antigen was generally increased in association with the astrocytoma tumor grade.

Expression of p16 was higher in patients whose tumors express p57/Kip2 in greater than 10% of tumor cells (p<0.05).

Expression of p53 also tended to be higher, but not to a statistically significant extent, in patients whose tumors express p57/Kip2 in greater than 10% of tumor cells.

These findings suggest that p57/Kip2 inhibits the growth of human astrocytomas, and may function in parallel with p16 and p53.

However, p57/Kip2 is, by itself, insufficient to arrest the cellular proliferation of human astrocytomas.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / metabolism. Brain Neoplasms / metabolism. Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p57 / metabolism. Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / physiology

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use. Female. Humans. Ki-67 Antigen / metabolism. Male. Middle Aged. Neoplasm Proteins / metabolism. Retrospective Studies. Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / metabolism

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(PMID = 19822429.001).

[ISSN] 1532-2653

[Journal-full-title] Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia

[ISO-abbreviation] J Clin Neurosci

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] Scotland

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antineoplastic Agents; 0 / CDKN1C protein, human; 0 / Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p57; 0 / Ki-67 Antigen; 0 / Neoplasm Proteins; 0 / P16 protein, human; 0 / Tumor Suppressor Protein p53

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Pilocytic astrocytoma as a predominant component of a recurrent complex type DNT.

Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumour (DNT) is a benign lesion of the cerebral hemispheres usually presenting minimal biological activity after surgical excision.

In the recurrent lesion we identified pilocytic astrocytoma (PA) as a predominant component of the tumour.

In rare cases development of a secondary, histologically different neoplasm may also occur.

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(PMID = 19813149.001).

[ISSN] 1641-4640

[Journal-full-title] Folia neuropathologica

[ISO-abbreviation] Folia Neuropathol

[Language] ENG

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Poland

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Recurrence pattern after [(18)F]fluoroethyltyrosine-positron emission tomography-guided radiotherapy for high-grade glioma: a prospective study.

PURPOSE: To assess the failure pattern observed after (18)F fluoroethyltyrosine (FET) planning after chemo- and radiotherapy (RT) for high-grade glioma.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / radiotherapy. Brain Neoplasms / radiotherapy. Fluorodeoxyglucose F18. Glioblastoma / radiotherapy. Neoplasm Recurrence, Local. Positron-Emission Tomography. Radiopharmaceuticals. Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted

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(PMID = 19782417.001).

[ISSN] 1879-0887

[Journal-full-title] Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] Radiother Oncol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Ireland

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Radiopharmaceuticals; 0Z5B2CJX4D / Fluorodeoxyglucose F18

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

OBJECTIVE: To study the status of loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of chromosome 1p/19q and p53 protein expression in oligodendroglioma, as compared to astrocytoma.

METHODS: One hundred and ninety-one cases of glioma of different histologic types and grades, including 116 cases of low-grade of oligodendroglioma (86 paraffin-embedded and 30 fresh tissues), 45 cases of anaplastic oligodendroglioma (all paraffin-embedded tissues) and 30 cases of astrocytoma of various grades (all paraffin-embedded tissues), were enrolled into the study.

RESULTS: The rates of 1p loss, 19q loss and 1p/19q loss were 69.8%, 64%, and 57.0% respectively in the 86 paraffin-embedded low-grade oligodendroglioma samples, as compared to 71.1%, 60.0% and 55.6% respectively in the 45 paraffin-embedded anaplastic oligodendroglioma samples.

There was no difference of LOH of 1p/19q between low-grade oligodendroglioma and anaplastic oligodendroglioma (P>0.05).

In the 30 cases of low-grade oligodendroglioma with fresh tissues available, the rates of 1p loss, 19q loss and 1p/19q loss were 70.0%, 63.3% and 60.0% respectively.

In the 30 cases of astrocytoma, the rates of 1p loss, 19q loss and 1p/19q loss were 23.3%, 33.3% and 20.0% respectively, which were significantly less than those in oligodendroglioma (P<0.05).

The expression of p53 protein was significantly lower in low-grade oligodendroglioma (8.1%) than in anaplastic oligodendroglioma (31.1%, P=0.007).

The expression of p53 protein in oligodendroglioma was also lower than in astrocytoma (P=0.001).

Oligodendroglioma demonstrates a higher frequency of LOH of chromosome 1p/19q and lower expression of p53 protein than astrocytoma.

[MeSH-major] Brain Neoplasms / genetics. Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1. Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19. Loss of Heterozygosity. Oligodendroglioma / genetics. Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / metabolism

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Aged. Astrocytoma / genetics. Astrocytoma / metabolism. Child. Female. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Paraffin Embedding. Young Adult

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(PMID = 19781190.001).

[ISSN] 0529-5807

[Journal-full-title] Zhonghua bing li xue za zhi = Chinese journal of pathology

[ISO-abbreviation] Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi

[Language] chi

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; English Abstract; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] China

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Tumor Suppressor Protein p53

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

INTRODUCTION: Memory impairment caused by bilateral hippocampal primitive brain tumor is rarely reported.

The left temporal tumor was resected and the neuropathological examination was consistent with gliomatosis cerebri with a focal high grade astrocytoma.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / pathology. Brain Neoplasms / pathology. Cognition Disorders / pathology. Limbic Encephalitis / pathology

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Amnesia / etiology. Amnesia / pathology. Amnesia / physiopathology. Autoantibodies / analysis. Disease Progression. Female. Functional Laterality / physiology. Hippocampus / immunology. Hippocampus / pathology. Hippocampus / physiopathology. Humans. Limbic System / immunology. Limbic System / pathology. Limbic System / physiopathology. Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Memory Disorders / etiology. Memory Disorders / pathology. Memory Disorders / physiopathology. Neoplasm Invasiveness / pathology. Neoplasm Invasiveness / physiopathology. Neoplasms, Neuroepithelial / complications. Neoplasms, Neuroepithelial / pathology. Neoplasms, Neuroepithelial / physiopathology. Prognosis

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(PMID = 19590380.001).

[ISSN] 2331-2637

[Journal-full-title] The neurologist

[ISO-abbreviation] Neurologist

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Autoantibodies

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

METHODS: Arachnoid tissue and CSF from the cisterna magna (CSFCM) was sampled at the time of primary tumor resection.

Arachnoid infiltration and CSF cytology were found in 20.0% and 44.8%, respectively, for medulloblastoma/pineoblastoma (primitive neuroectodermal tumor), 6.9% and 3.6% for pilocytic astrocytoma, and 0.0% and 33.3% for ependymoma.

The 3-year EFS for patients with primitive neuroectodermal tumor who had positive arachnoid sampling was 33.3%, compared with 67.3% in patients who had no evidence of arachnoid infiltration (P = 0.26).

The 3-year EFS for patients with primitive neuroectodermal tumor who had positive CSFCM was 50.0% compared with 67.5% in patients who had negative cytological analysis of CSFCM (P = 0.07).

CONCLUSION: Intraoperative evidence of arachnoid infiltration or CSFCM dissemination in patients with posterior fossa brain tumors occurs at a variable frequency that is dependent on tumor type, correlates with conventional M stage, and may be predictive of outcome.

[MeSH-major] Arachnoid / surgery. Astrocytoma. Infratentorial Neoplasms

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(PMID = 19574827.001).

[ISSN] 1524-4040

[Journal-full-title] Neurosurgery

[ISO-abbreviation] Neurosurgery

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] p53-mediated inhibition of angiogenesis in diffuse low-grade astrocytomas.

In this study we evaluated the associations of p53 status and vessel density (angiogenesis) in a set of diffuse low-grade astrocytomas.

Immunohistochemistry was performed on 23 diffuse low-grade astrocytomas for CD31 and p53.

We found that 9/23 (39%) of the astrocytomas stained positive for p53 in the immunohistochemistry.

We identified TP53 mutations in 11/23 (47%) of the astrocytomas.

However, the MVD was significantly increased in p53 mutated low-grade astrocytomas.

Furthermore, the absolute vessel number was significantly higher in p53 mutated than in p53 wild-type low-grade astrocytomas.

The higher microvessel density and the increased absolute vessel number in p53 mutated tumours supports the importance of p53 for tumour angiogenesis in diffuse low-grade astrocytomas.

Our results support the hypothesis that p53 regulates angiogenesis in low-grade astrocytomas.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / pathology. Brain Neoplasms / pathology. Neovascularization, Pathologic / pathology. Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / physiology

[MeSH-minor] Blotting, Western. Capillaries / pathology. Cell Line, Tumor. DNA Mutational Analysis. Humans. Immunohistochemistry. Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / biosynthesis. Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / genetics. Protein Array Analysis. Proteomics. Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction. Transfection

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(PMID = 19428789.001).

[ISSN] 1872-9754

[Journal-full-title] Neurochemistry international

[ISO-abbreviation] Neurochem. Int.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; EC 3.4.24.35 / Matrix Metalloproteinase 9

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Regions of interest corresponding to anatomic and metabolic lesions were identified to assess tumor burden.

MR parameters that had been found to be predictive of survival in patients with grade IV glioma were evaluated as a function of tumor grade and histological sub-type.

RESULTS: Histological analysis indicated that the population comprised 56 patients with grade II, 31 with grade III, and 56 with grade IV glioma.

Based on standard anatomic imaging, the presence of hypointense necrotic regions in post-Gadolinium T1-weighted images and the percentage of the T2 hyperintense lesion that was either enhancing or necrotic were effective in identifying patients with grade IV glioma.

The individual parameters of diffusion and perfusion parameters were significantly different for patients with grade II astrocytoma versus oligodendroglioma sub-types.

Lactate was higher for grade III and grade IV glioma and lipid was significantly elevated for grade IV glioma.

CONCLUSION: Metabolic and physiologic imaging characteristics provide information about tumor heterogeneity that may be important for assisting the surgeon to ensure acquisition of representative histology.

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(PMID = 19357966.001).

[ISSN] 1573-7373

[Journal-full-title] Journal of neuro-oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Neurooncol.

[Language] ENG

[Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / P01 CA118816; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA116041; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / P50 CA97257; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / P50 CA097257; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA097257-080002; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / P01 CA 118816; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA059880; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / P50 CA097257-080002

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Protons

[Other-IDs] NLM/ NIHMS177631; NLM/ PMC2834319