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Here, we present for the first time a detailed analysis of the expression pattern of coronin-3 in human brain tumours and demonstrate that coronin-3 expression correlates with malignant phenotype in diffuse gliomas.

High-grade gliomas, such as anaplastic astrocytomas, anaplastic oligodendrogliomas, anaplastic oligoastrocytomas and glioblastomas, show high numbers of tumour cells positive for coronin-3, while diffuse low-grade gliomas, such as diffuse astrocytomas, oligodendrogliomas and oligoastrocytomas, exhibit low numbers of coronin-3-positive tumour cells.

In order to explore and verify a contribution of coronin-3 to the malignant phenotype of diffuse gliomas, we employed an efficient shRNA-mediated coronin-3 knockdown in U373 and A172 human glioblastoma cells.

Together, our findings demonstrate evidence for a contribution of coronin-3 expression in the malignant progression of diffuse gliomas.

[MeSH-major] Biomarkers, Tumor / metabolism. Brain Neoplasms / metabolism. Glioma / metabolism. Microfilament Proteins / metabolism

[MeSH-minor] Astrocytes / metabolism. Cell Movement. Cell Proliferation. Extracellular Matrix / pathology. Humans. Matrix Metalloproteinases / metabolism. Neoplasm Invasiveness. Neoplasm Proteins / deficiency. Neoplasm Proteins / genetics. Neoplasm Proteins / metabolism. Neoplasm Proteins / physiology. Tumor Cells, Cultured

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(PMID = 18189330.001).

[ISSN] 0022-3417

[Journal-full-title] The Journal of pathology

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Pathol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / Microfilament Proteins; 0 / Neoplasm Proteins; 145420-64-0 / coronin proteins; EC 3.4.24.- / Matrix Metalloproteinases

   

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[Title] [A case of intramedullary cervical metastasis from cerebellar anaplastic oligodendroglioma without typical MR appearance for CSF dissemination].

We report a case of intramedullary cervical metastasis from cerebellar anaplastic oligodendroglioma without any MR appearance for CSF dissemination or recurrence in the primary tumor site.

The case was a 73-year-old female who underwent tumor resection for cerebellar anaplastic oligodendroglioma following irradiation and TMZ chemotherapy.

The histological examination obtained in spinal surgery revealed evidence of similar features consistent with a previous cerebellar tumor with anaplastic oligodendroglioma.

Although CSF dissemination by malignant glioma with leptomeningeal enhancement is relatively well recognized at their terminal stage, cases with intramedullary cervical metastasis without any leptomeningeal enhancement have only been rarely described.

We discussed the mechanisms of intramedullary cervical metastasis from intracranial malignant glioma.

[MeSH-major] Cerebellar Neoplasms / pathology. Oligodendroglioma / pathology. Spinal Cord Neoplasms / secondary

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(PMID = 20229774.001).

[ISSN] 0301-2603

[Journal-full-title] No shinkei geka. Neurological surgery

[ISO-abbreviation] No Shinkei Geka

[Language] jpn

[Publication-type] Case Reports; English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Japan

   

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[Title] Clarifying the diffuse gliomas: an update on the morphologic features and markers that discriminate oligodendroglioma from astrocytoma.

Diffuse gliomas are the most common brain tumors and include astrocytomas, oligodendrogliomas, and oligoastrocytomas.

Their correct pathologic diagnosis requires the ability to distinguish astrocytic from oligodendroglial differentiation in histologic sections, a challenging feat even for the most experienced neuropathologist.

Interobserver variability in the diagnosis of diffuse gliomas has been high owing to subjective diagnostic criteria, overlapping morphologic features, and variations in training and practice among pathologists.

A select, albeit imperfect, group of molecular and immunohistochemical tests are available to assist in diagnosis of these lesions.

Combined loss of chromosomes 1p and 19q is a genetic signature of oligodendrogliomas, whereas gains of chromosome 7 in the setting of intact 1p/19q are more typical of astrocytomas.

Detection of amplified epidermal growth factor receptor favors the diagnosis of high-grade astrocytomas over anaplastic oligodendroglioma, which is especially relevant for small cell astrocytomas.

Strong nuclear staining for p53 often reflects TP53 mutation and is typical of low-grade astrocytomas.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / pathology. Brain Neoplasms / pathology. Oligodendroglioma / pathology

[MeSH-minor] Biomarkers, Tumor. Genes, p53. Genetic Markers. Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / analysis. Humans. Immunohistochemistry. In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence. Loss of Heterozygosity. Mutation. Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor / genetics

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(PMID = 16203285.001).

[ISSN] 0002-9173

[Journal-full-title] American journal of clinical pathology

[ISO-abbreviation] Am. J. Clin. Pathol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / Genetic Markers; 0 / Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; EC 2.7.10.1 / Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor

   

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Most frequent and malignant are glioblastomas.

The vast majority (>90%) develops rapidly after a short clinical history and without evidence of a less malignant precursor lesion (primary or de novo glioblastoma).

Secondary glioblastomas develop more slowly through progression from low-grade or anaplastic astrocytoma.

Recently, isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) mutations have been identified as a very early and frequent genetic alteration in the pathway to secondary glioblastomas as well as that in oligodendroglial tumors, providing the first evidence that low-grade astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas may share common cells of origin.

In this review, we summarize the current status of genetic alterations and signaling pathways operative in the evolution of astrocytic and oligodendroglial tumors.

[MeSH-minor] Animals. Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 / physiology. Gene Expression Profiling. Humans. Isocitrate Dehydrogenase / physiology. Loss of Heterozygosity. PTEN Phosphohydrolase / physiology. Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / physiology. Tumor Suppressor Protein p14ARF / physiology. Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / physiology

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(PMID = 19737147.001).

[ISSN] 1349-7006

[Journal-full-title] Cancer science

[ISO-abbreviation] Cancer Sci.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; 0 / Tumor Suppressor Protein p14ARF; 0 / Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; EC 1.1.1.41 / Isocitrate Dehydrogenase; EC 1.1.1.42. / IDH1 protein, human; EC 2.7.1.- / Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; EC 3.1.3.67 / PTEN Phosphohydrolase

[Number-of-references] 92

   

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We found focal or widespread secretagogin expression in tumour cells in 1/18 oligoastrocytomas, 1/19 oligodendrogliomas, 2/20 anaplastic oligodendrogliomas, 2/9 ependymomas, 2/11 anaplastic ependymomas, 2/10 glioblastomas, 3/11 gangliogliomas and 1/2 anaplastic gangliogliomas, 10/10 central neurocytomas, 5/10 classic medulloblastomas, 4/5 desmoplastic medulloblastomas, 3/5 large cell/anaplastic medulloblastomas, 3/5 neuroblastomas, 3/10 meningiomas, 2/10 haemangioblastomas, and 13/19 pituitary adenomas.

[MeSH-major] Biomarkers, Tumor / analysis. Brain Neoplasms / diagnosis. Calcium-Binding Proteins / analysis

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(PMID = 17504298.001).

[ISSN] 0903-4641

[Journal-full-title] APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica

[ISO-abbreviation] APMIS

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] Denmark

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / Calcium-Binding Proteins; 0 / SCGN protein, human; 0 / Secretagogins

   

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[Title] Molecular targeted therapies and chemotherapy in malignant gliomas.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To review current developments in the field of chemotherapy and targeted treatment of high-grade glioma.

RECENT FINDINGS: Two independent large phase III trials on adjuvant procarbazine, lomustine and vincristine chemotherapy in anaplastic oligodendroglial tumors have shown this improves progression-free survival, but not overall survival, regardless of 1p/19q status.

If given sequentially, the timing of procarbazine, lomustine and vincristine chemotherapy has no clear effect on the survival of anaplastic oligodendroglioma.

Virtually none of the many new targeted agents directed against pathways that are upregulated in high-grade gliomas has shown significant clinical activity as single agent in phase II studies.

The role of combined chemo-irradiation for non-glioblastoma multiforme high-grade glioma remains to be identified.

[MeSH-minor] Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use. Clinical Trials as Topic. Dacarbazine / analogs & derivatives. Dacarbazine / therapeutic use. Disease-Free Survival. Humans. Medical Oncology / methods. Models, Biological. Neoplasm Metastasis. Oligodendroglioma / drug therapy. Oligodendroglioma / genetics. Signal Transduction. Treatment Outcome

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(PMID = 17906459.001).

[ISSN] 1040-8746

[Journal-full-title] Current opinion in oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] Curr Opin Oncol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antineoplastic Agents; 7GR28W0FJI / Dacarbazine; 85622-93-1 / temozolomide

[Number-of-references] 74

   

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[Title] Challenging diagnosis: oligodendroglioma versus extraventricular neurocytoma.

Diagnosis of oligodendroglioma from other clear cell neoplasms of central nervous system (CNS) is still challenging despite advances in neuroradiology and molecular diagnostic tools.

Herein, we present a 44-year-old male patient who had a diagnosis of right parietal oligodendroglioma grade II in 1994 which recurred in 2002.

He presented with intratumoral hemorrhage and he underwent radical resection of tumor in 2003.

Histopathological examination of the recurrent tumor showed anaplastic progression with confusing immunohistochemical (IHC) results; the tumor was positive for NeuN and synaptophysin staining.

The question arisen was whether the recurrent tumor was an oligodendroglioma with neuronal differentiation or an extraventricular neurocytoma initially misdiagnosed as oligodendroglioma.

Chromosomal analysis revealed 1p/19q deletion, which led to the diagnosis ofanaplastic oligodendroglioma grade III.

Accurate diagnosis of oligodendroglioma is crucial due to recent advances and promises in its treatment.

Current diagnostic methods of oligodendroglial tumors are discussed in context of differentiating oligodendrogliomas from other clear cell neoplasms of CNS, especially from extraventricular neurocytomas.

[MeSH-major] Brain Neoplasms / pathology. Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / pathology. Neurocytoma / pathology. Oligodendroglioma / pathology

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Chromosome Deletion. Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1 / genetics. Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19 / genetics. Diagnosis, Differential. Humans. Immunohistochemistry. In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence. Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Male. Nerve Tissue Proteins / biosynthesis. Synaptophysin / biosynthesis

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(PMID = 16167546.001).

[ISSN] 0722-5091

[Journal-full-title] Clinical neuropathology

[ISO-abbreviation] Clin. Neuropathol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Germany

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Nerve Tissue Proteins; 0 / Synaptophysin

   

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[Title] Retrospective review of prognostic factors, including 1p19q deletion, in low-grade oligodendrogliomas and a review of recent published works.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate potential prognostic factors in low-grade oligodendrogliomas (LGOs), particularly 1p19q deletion, due to its proven prognostic significance in anaplastic oligodendrogliomas.

We carried out a retrospective review of patients with a histological diagnosis of LGO between 1990 and 2000 in Auckland and Wellington, New Zealand.

Univariate analysis of potential prognostic factors including 1p19q status, age, tumour size, tumour crossing midline, tumour enhancement, extent of surgery and seizures at diagnosis was carried out.

[MeSH-major] Brain Neoplasms. Oligodendroglioma

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(PMID = 19624298.001).

[ISSN] 1754-9485

[Journal-full-title] Journal of medical imaging and radiation oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review

[Publication-country] Australia

[Number-of-references] 30

   

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SLIT1 mRNA was expressed in fetal brain, infant brain, anaplastic oligodendroglioma, and Jurkat T cells.

SLIT2 and SLIT3 mRNAs were co-expressed in embryonic stem (ES) cells with embryoid body formation, and diffuse type gastric cancer with signet ring cell features.

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(PMID = 16211308.001).

[ISSN] 1021-335X

[Journal-full-title] Oncology reports

[ISO-abbreviation] Oncol. Rep.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] Greece

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; 0 / Membrane Proteins; 0 / Nerve Tissue Proteins; 0 / SLIT1 protein, human; 0 / SLIT3 protein, human; 0 / Slit homolog 2 protein; 0 / Slit3 protein, mouse; 0 / Slit3 protein, rat

   

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Malignant gliomas commonly overexpress the oncogenes EGFR and PDGFR and contain mutations and deletions of the tumor suppressor genes PTEN and TP53.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Applying this method, a phase I/II clinical trial of POH was performed in patients with relapsed malignant gliomas after standard treatment: surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy.

The cohort consisted of 37 patients, including 29 with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), 5 with grade III astrocytoma (AA), and 3 with anaplastic oligodendroglioma (AO).

Complete response was defined as neurological stability or improvement of conditions, disappearance of CT/MRI tumor image, and corticosteroid withdraw; partial response (PR) as > or =50 reduction of CT/MRI tumor image, neurological stability, or improvement of conditions and corticosteroid requirement; progressive course (PC) as > or =25 increase in CT/MRI tumor image or the appearance of a new lesion; and stable disease as a lack of any changes in the CT/MR tumor image or neurological status.

There were no toxicity events and the regression of tumor size in some patients is suggestive of antitumor activity.

[MeSH-minor] Administration, Intranasal. Adult. Aged. Apoptosis / drug effects. Astrocytoma / drug therapy. Astrocytoma / metabolism. Disease-Free Survival. Female. Glioblastoma / drug therapy. Glioblastoma / metabolism. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / drug therapy. Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / metabolism. Oligodendroglioma / drug therapy. Oligodendroglioma / metabolism. Signal Transduction / drug effects

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(PMID = 18726148.001).

[ISSN] 0004-069X

[Journal-full-title] Archivum immunologiae et therapiae experimentalis

[ISO-abbreviation] Arch. Immunol. Ther. Exp. (Warsz.)

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Clinical Trial, Phase I; Clinical Trial, Phase II; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Switzerland

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antineoplastic Agents; 0 / Monoterpenes; 319R5C7293 / perilla alcohol; EC 2.7.12.2 / Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases; EC 3.6.5.2 / ras Proteins

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2778682

   

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[Title] Expression of growth factors in brain tumors: correlation with tumor grade, recurrence and survival.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to evaluate the correlation between the expression of some growth factors (GFs) and the tumor grade, recurrence and survival of brain glial and ependymal tumors.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), tenascine, transforming growth factor (TGFbeta), isomeres, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and p53 was studied in 40 primary brain tumors, both low-grade and high-grade, including astrocytomas, oligodendrogliomas, glioblastomas and ependymomas.

The positivity and intensity of the immunohistochemical expression were correlated with the tumor grade, the interval and type of recurrence, and the survival.

RESULTS: The expression of all GFs, excepting TGFbeta1, TGFbetaRI and tenascine, was found to be correlated with the tumor grade in all tumors of both astroglial and oligodendroglial origin, whereas ependymomas showed significant differences only for EGFR.

Low-grade (Grade II) tumors recurring as anaplastic (Grade III) forms showed GF expression rather similar to initially high-grade gliomas and significantly higher than that of low-grade (Grade II) tumors in both initial surgery and recurrence.

Besides, low-grade (Grade II) tumors recurring as low-grade showed significantly longer median recurrence time (5.4 vs. 3.5 years) and better median survival (8.3 vs. 5.4 years) than those recurring as anaplastic forms (WHO III).

CONCLUSION: The immunohistochemical study of expression of VEGF, EGFR, TGFbeta2, TGFbeta3, PDGF and p53 in all low-grade (Grade II) brain gliomas at the first operation may help to differentiate cases with slower evolution and longer survival from those with higher potential of anaplastic transformation.

[MeSH-major] Biomarkers, Tumor / analysis. Brain Neoplasms / metabolism. Brain Neoplasms / mortality. Brain Neoplasms / pathology. Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / biosynthesis

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Aged. Child. Child, Preschool. Female. Humans. Immunohistochemistry. Immunophenotyping. Male. Middle Aged. Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / metabolism. Prognosis. Young Adult

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(PMID = 20175962.001).

[ISSN] 0722-5091

[Journal-full-title] Clinical neuropathology

[ISO-abbreviation] Clin. Neuropathol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] Germany

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins

   

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[Title] Leptomeningeal disease from oligodendroglioma: clinical and molecular analysis.

BACKGROUND: Leptomeningeal disease (LMD) is a late complication of malignant glioma, mostly of glioblastoma, that usually responds poorly to treatment and is rapidly fatal.

A long surviving case led us to review our experience with LMD in patients with oligodendrogliomas.

Patients with both oligodendroglial tumors and LMD were identified.

RESULTS: Seven out of 145 patients with oligodendroglioma were diagnosed with LMD.

Median age at tumor diagnosis was 41 years (range, 28-50).

None had radiographic or pathological evidence of leptomeningeal or subependymal tumor at initial diagnosis.

Most patients had pure anaplastic oligodendrogliomas (4/7); 6/7 had 1p/19q co-deletion.

The median time to LMD was 76 months (range, 19-151) from initial diagnosis and 28 months (range, 0-36) from first relapse, respectively.

The median survival from initial diagnosis was 104 months (range, 19-183) and from LMD diagnosis was 32 months (range, 2-43).

CONCLUSIONS: Leptomeningeal disease is a complication of oligodendroglioma that may occur preferentially in long surviving patients with 1p/19q co-deletion.

Leptomeningeal disease in patients with oligodendrogliomas appears to be relatively indolent which may have implications for their treatment and be related to 1p/19q status.

[MeSH-major] Chromosome Aberrations. Chromosome Deletion. Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1 / genetics. Meningeal Neoplasms / genetics. Meninges / pathology. Oligodendroglioma / genetics

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(PMID = 18574935.001).

[ISSN] 0317-1671

[Journal-full-title] The Canadian journal of neurological sciences. Le journal canadien des sciences neurologiques

[ISO-abbreviation] Can J Neurol Sci

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] Canada

   

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We report this rare delayed complication in a patient following treatment of a right frontal anaplastic oligodendroglioma.

[MeSH-major] Brain Neoplasms / radiotherapy. Frontal Lobe / pathology. Oligodendroglioma / radiotherapy. Radiation Injuries / pathology. Radiotherapy / adverse effects

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(PMID = 19574493.001).

[ISSN] 1936-959X

[Journal-full-title] AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology

[ISO-abbreviation] AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

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[Title] Survival analysis of presumptive prognostic markers among oligodendrogliomas.

BACKGROUND: Allelic losses of 1p and 19q arms correlate with the oligodendroglial phenotype as well as with sensitivity to radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

Furthermore, the DNA repair gene, methylguanine methyltransferase (MGMT), is diminished in 80% of oligodendroglial tumors and represents a possible mechanism for this therapeutic sensitivity.

However, the authors questioned the relevance of genetic testing and measuring MGMT levels in tumors that were diagnostic of oligodendroglioma.

METHODS: The authors performed a retrospective analysis of 1p, 19q, 9p21, TP53, and MGMT status in 46 patients with oligodendrogliomas to address any relations that may exist among these markers with regard to progression-free survival (PFS) and total survival.

RESULTS: The authors found that survival among patients with light microscopically diagnosed oligodendroglial tumors demonstrating LOH of 1p and 19q trended toward statistical significance (P = 0.102 and P = 0.058, respectively).

9p21 LOH was significant as a predictor of PFS only among anaplastic oligodendrogliomas in this cohort (P = 0.033).

Low-level MGMT labeling index (LI) (< 20%) was noted in 86% of all oligodendroglial tumors.

MGMT levels were decreased in a majority of oligodendrogliomas.

[MeSH-major] Biomarkers, Tumor / analysis. Brain Neoplasms / mortality. O(6)-Methylguanine-DNA Methyltransferase / analysis. Oligodendroglioma / mortality. Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / analysis

[MeSH-minor] Chromosomes, Human / genetics. Cohort Studies. Disease-Free Survival. Humans. In Situ Hybridization. Loss of Heterozygosity. Neoplasm Proteins. Prognosis. Retrospective Studies. Survival Rate

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[Copyright] Copyright 2005 American Cancer Society

(PMID = 16116609.001).

[ISSN] 0008-543X

[Journal-full-title] Cancer

[ISO-abbreviation] Cancer

[Language] eng

[Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / 1P50 CA108786; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / 5R01 CA43722

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / Neoplasm Proteins; 0 / Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; EC 2.1.1.63 / O(6)-Methylguanine-DNA Methyltransferase

   

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[Title] Reirradiation of recurrent high-grade gliomas using amino acid PET (SPECT)/CT/MRI image fusion to determine gross tumor volume for stereotactic fractionated radiotherapy.

PURPOSE: To develop a valid treatment strategy for recurrent high-grade gliomas using stereotactic hypofractionated reirradiation based on biologic imaging and temozolomide.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: The trial included a total of 44 patients with recurrent high-grade gliomas (1 patient with anaplastic oligodendroglioma, 8 with anaplastic astrocytoma, 33 with glioblastoma multiforme, and 2 with gliosarcoma) after previous surgery and postoperative conventional radiotherapy +/- chemotherapy.

For fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (SFRT) treatment planning, the gross tumor volume was defined by (11)C-methionine positron emission tomography (MET-PET) or (123)I-alpha-methyl-tyrosine (IMT) single-photon computed emission tomography (SPECT)/computed tomography (CT)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) fusion in 82% of the patients and by CT/T1+gadolinium-MRI image fusion in 18% of the patients.

Median survival time were 11 months for patients who received SFRT based on biologic imaging plus temozolomide and significantly lower, 6 months for patients treated with SFRT without biologic imaging, without temozolomide or without both (p = 0.008, log rank).

The most important prognostic factor in univariate analysis was a long interval between initial diagnosis and recurrence (p = 0.0002, log-rank).

No acute neurologic toxicity Grade 3 or higher and no Grade 4 hematologic toxicity was observed.

CONCLUSION: This is the first study of biologic imaging optimized SFRT plus temozolomide in recurrent high-grade gliomas.

[MeSH-major] Glioma / drug therapy. Glioma / radiotherapy. Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / drug therapy. Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / radiotherapy

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Analysis of Variance. Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating / therapeutic use. Astrocytoma / drug therapy. Astrocytoma / radionuclide imaging. Astrocytoma / radiotherapy. Combined Modality Therapy. Dacarbazine / analogs & derivatives. Dacarbazine / therapeutic use. Dose Fractionation. Female. Glioblastoma / drug therapy. Glioblastoma / radionuclide imaging. Glioblastoma / radiotherapy. Gliosarcoma / drug therapy. Gliosarcoma / radionuclide imaging. Gliosarcoma / radiotherapy. Humans. Male. Methionine. Middle Aged. Oligodendroglioma / drug therapy. Oligodendroglioma / radionuclide imaging. Oligodendroglioma / radiotherapy. Positron-Emission Tomography / methods. Prospective Studies. Statistics, Nonparametric. Stereotaxic Techniques. Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon / methods. alpha-Methyltyrosine

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(PMID = 16168843.001).

[ISSN] 0360-3016

[Journal-full-title] International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics

[ISO-abbreviation] Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; 658-48-0 / alpha-Methyltyrosine; 7GR28W0FJI / Dacarbazine; 85622-93-1 / temozolomide; AE28F7PNPL / Methionine

   

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The cases included anaplastic astrocytoma (4 cases), anaplastic oligodendroglioma (2 cases), low grade astrocytoma (2 cases), low grade oligodendroglioma (1 case), and one case of secondary Philadelphia-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia in a patient with glioblastoma multiforme.

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(PMID = 19880768.001).

[ISSN] 1550-8080

[Journal-full-title] Annals of clinical and laboratory science

[ISO-abbreviation] Ann. Clin. Lab. Sci.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 7GR28W0FJI / Dacarbazine; 85622-93-1 / temozolomide

   

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[Title] Primary leptomeningeal anaplastic oligodendroglioma with a 1p36-19q13 deletion: report of a unique case successfully treated with Temozolomide.

Primary leptomeningeal oligodendroglioma occurs very rarely and in only one patient a deletion of chromosome 1p has been reported.

We describe a 60-year-old man with a prior history of an epileptic seizure three years earlier, who was referred because of depression and a rapid evolving cognitive impairment.

The diagnosis of an anaplastic oligodendroglioma (WHO grade 3) was made on pathological examination.

To our knowledge this is the first report of a patient with a primary leptomeningeal anaplastic oligodendroglioma with diffuse spinal seeding bearing a 1p36/19q13 deletion.

Molecular analysis with determination of chromosome 1p/19q deletions should be performed in all cases of leptomeningeal gliomas to select those patients who might benefit from TMZ chemotherapy.

[MeSH-major] Dacarbazine / analogs & derivatives. Meningeal Neoplasms / drug therapy. Meningeal Neoplasms / genetics. Mutation / genetics. Oligodendroglioma / drug therapy. Oligodendroglioma / genetics

[MeSH-minor] Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating / administration & dosage. Arachnoid / pathology. Brain / pathology. Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1 / genetics. Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19 / genetics. DNA Mutational Analysis. Gene Deletion. Genetic Predisposition to Disease / genetics. Genotype. Humans. Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Male. Meningeal Carcinomatosis / drug therapy. Meningeal Carcinomatosis / genetics. Meningeal Carcinomatosis / pathology. Middle Aged. Neoplasm Metastasis / drug therapy. Neoplasm Metastasis / genetics. Neoplasm Metastasis / pathology. Pia Mater / pathology. Radiotherapy / methods. Spinal Cord / pathology. Subarachnoid Space / pathology. Treatment Outcome

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(PMID = 19751941.001).

[ISSN] 1878-5883

[Journal-full-title] Journal of the neurological sciences

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Neurol. Sci.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Netherlands

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; 7GR28W0FJI / Dacarbazine; 85622-93-1 / temozolomide

   

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[Title] YKL-40 is directly produced by tumor cells and is inversely linked to EGFR in glioblastomas.

YKL-40 is a secreted chitinase-like molecule whose expression is associated with glioma grade.

Expression is higher in astrocytomas than oligodendrogliomas and has been reported to predict shorter survival and radiation resistance in glioblastomas (GBMs).

A rank-order list of YKL-40 expression was determined immunohistochemically in 79 untreated high-grade adult glio-mas, including 28 anaplastic oligodendrogliomas (AOs) and 51 GBMs.

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(PMID = 20224722.001).

[ISSN] 1936-2625

[Journal-full-title] International journal of clinical and experimental pathology

[ISO-abbreviation] Int J Clin Exp Pathol

[Language] ENG

[Grant] United States / NIMH NIH HHS / MH / K24 MH001717; United States / PHS HHS / / K24 M401717

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Adipokines; 0 / CHI3L1 protein, human; 0 / Glycoproteins; 0 / Lectins; EC 2.7.10.1 / EGFR protein, human; EC 2.7.10.1 / Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2836500

[Keywords] NOTNLM ; 10q / 1p19q / EGFR / YKL-40 / glioblastoma / oligodendroglioma

   

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The aim of the study was the functional neurodevelopmental assessment of children with posterior fossa tumors, specifically examining whether tumor location in particular cerebellar structures determines particular neuropsychological deficits.

There were 21 total and 8 subtotal resections of tumor, and marsupialization was performed in cases of arachnoid cysts.

Histopathological diagnoses of tumors were as follows: 4 medulloblastomas, 8 pilocytic astrocytomas, 6 fibrillary astrocytomas, 1 anaplastic astrocytoma, 2 oligodendrogliomas, 4 anaplastic ependymomas, 1 choroid plexus papilloma, and 5 arachnoid cysts.

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(PMID = 19812963.001).

[ISSN] 0065-1419

[Journal-full-title] Acta neurochirurgica. Supplement

[ISO-abbreviation] Acta Neurochir. Suppl.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] Austria

   

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[Title] Relatively decreased 11C-methionine uptake within the anaplastic component of a mixed-grade oligodendroglioma.

A 56-year-old woman presented with a mixed-grade oligodendroglioma.

The part of the lesion with higher MET uptake was identified as an ordinary oligodendroglioma, whereas the part of the lesion with lower MET uptake was an anaplastic component of oligodendroglioma.

With oligodendrogliomas, we should be aware of the possibility that MET uptake decreases paradoxically with an increased anaplastic component of oligodendroglioma cells.

[MeSH-major] Brain Neoplasms / radionuclide imaging. Frontal Lobe. Oligodendroglioma / radionuclide imaging. Positron-Emission Tomography

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(PMID = 17905896.001).

[ISSN] 0195-6108

[Journal-full-title] AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology

[ISO-abbreviation] AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Carbon Radioisotopes; 0 / Radiopharmaceuticals; AE28F7PNPL / Methionine

   

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Knockdown of Nup107 in anaplastic oligodendroglioma cells caused cell death, rather than growth retardation, indicating a greater sensitivity to Nup107 depletion in cancer cells than in normal cells.

[MeSH-minor] Active Transport, Cell Nucleus / drug effects. Animals. Cell Line, Tumor. Cell Proliferation. Child. Humans. Male. Mice. Mice, Inbred C57BL. Phosphorylation. Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos / metabolism. Signal Transduction. eIF-2 Kinase / metabolism

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[Copyright] Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

(PMID = 20833136.001).

[ISSN] 1090-2104

[Journal-full-title] Biochemical and biophysical research communications

[ISO-abbreviation] Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / NUP107 protein, human; 0 / Nuclear Pore Complex Proteins; 0 / Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; 62229-50-9 / Epidermal Growth Factor; EC 2.7.10.- / PERK kinase; EC 2.7.11.1 / eIF-2 Kinase

   

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[Title] Phase II trial of preirradiation and concurrent temozolomide in patients with newly diagnosed anaplastic oligodendrogliomas and mixed anaplastic oligoastrocytomas: RTOG BR0131.

The primary objectives of this phase II study were to evaluate the use of preirradiation temozolomide followed by concurrent temozolomide and radiotherapy (RT) in patients with newly diagnosed anaplastic oligodendroglioma (AO) and mixed anaplastic oligoastrocytoma (MOA).

Tumor tissue was analyzed for the presence of chromosomal deletions on 1p and 19q and for MGMT-promoter methylation.

The worst nonhematological toxicity was grade 4 in three patients (8%).

There were no grade 4 nonhematological toxicities during the concurrent chemotherapy and RT.

[MeSH-major] Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / therapeutic use. Astrocytoma / therapy. Brain Neoplasms / therapy. Dacarbazine / analogs & derivatives. Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / therapy. Oligodendroglioma / therapy

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Aged. Chromosome Deletion. Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1 / genetics. Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19 / genetics. Combined Modality Therapy. DNA Methylation. DNA Modification Methylases / genetics. DNA Repair Enzymes / genetics. Dose Fractionation. Female. Humans. In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence. Male. Middle Aged. Prognosis. Promoter Regions, Genetic. Survival Rate. Treatment Outcome. Tumor Suppressor Proteins / genetics. Young Adult

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(PMID = 18779504.001).

[ISSN] 1522-8517

[Journal-full-title] Neuro-oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] Neuro-oncology

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Clinical Trial, Phase II; Journal Article; Multicenter Study

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; 0 / Tumor Suppressor Proteins; 7GR28W0FJI / Dacarbazine; 85622-93-1 / temozolomide; EC 2.1.1.- / DNA Modification Methylases; EC 2.1.1.63 / MGMT protein, human; EC 6.5.1.- / DNA Repair Enzymes

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2718988

   

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[Title] MR cerebral blood volume maps correlated with vascular endothelial growth factor expression and tumor grade in nonenhancing gliomas.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) measurements derived from perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI) may be useful to evaluate angiogenesis and preoperatively estimate the grade of a glioma.

We hypothesized that rCBV is correlated with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression as marker of the angiogenic stimulus in presumed supratentorial low-grade gliomas (LGGs).

RESULTS: Nine patients had diffuse astrocytomas (World Health Organization grade II), and 11 had other LGG and anaplastic gliomas.

In patients with heterogeneous tumors on PWI, the high-rCBV focus had areas of oligodendroglioma or anaplastic astrocytoma on stereotactic biopsy, whereas the surgical specimens were predominantly astrocytomas.

Anaplastic gliomas had high rCBV ratios and positive VEGF immunoreactivity.

CONCLUSION: Our results confirmed the correlation among rCBV measurements, VEGF expression, and histopathologic grade in nonenhancing gliomas.

Its contribution in predicting tumor behavior and patient prognosis remains to be determined.

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(PMID = 15814920.001).

[ISSN] 0195-6108

[Journal-full-title] AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology

[ISO-abbreviation] AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A

   

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[Title] Anaplastic oligodendroglioma with meningeal infiltration in a free-ranging red deer (Cervus elaphus).

This report describes an anaplastic oligodendroglioma in a red deer, extending from the cerebellum and anterior medulla along the dorsal part of the brain stem to the posterior cerebral hemispheres and infiltrating the meninges.

This would appear to be the first report of an oligodendroglioma in a deer.

[MeSH-major] Brain Neoplasms / veterinary. Deer. Meningeal Neoplasms / veterinary. Oligodendroglioma / veterinary

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(PMID = 17983625.001).

[ISSN] 0021-9975

[Journal-full-title] Journal of comparative pathology

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Comp. Pathol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] England

   

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[Title] NOA-04 randomized phase III trial of sequential radiochemotherapy of anaplastic glioma with procarbazine, lomustine, and vincristine or temozolomide.

PURPOSE: The standard of care for anaplastic gliomas is surgery followed by radiotherapy.

The NOA-04 phase III trial compared efficacy and safety of radiotherapy followed by chemotherapy at progression with the reverse sequence in patients with newly diagnosed anaplastic gliomas.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients (N = 318) were randomly assigned 2:1:1 (A:B1:B2) to receive conventional radiotherapy (arm A); procarbazine, lomustine (CCNU), and vincristine (PCV; arm B1); or temozolomide (arm B2) at diagnosis.

Anaplastic oligodendrogliomas and oligoastrocytomas share the same, better prognosis than anaplastic astrocytomas.

Hypermethylation of the O(6)-methylguanine DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter (HR = 0.59; 95% CI, 0.36 to 1.0), mutations of the isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH1) gene (HR = 0.48; 95% CI, 0.29 to 0.77), and oligodendroglial histology (HR = 0.33; 95% CI, 0.2 to 0.55) reduced the risk of progression.

CONCLUSION: Initial radiotherapy or chemotherapy achieved comparable results in patients with anaplastic gliomas.

IDH1 mutations are a novel positive prognostic factor in anaplastic gliomas, with a favorable impact stronger than that of 1p/19q codeletion or MGMT promoter methylation.

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Chemotherapy, Adjuvant. DNA Methylation. DNA Modification Methylases / genetics. DNA Repair Enzymes / genetics. Disease Progression. Disease-Free Survival. Drug Administration Schedule. Female. Humans. Isocitrate Dehydrogenase / genetics. Kaplan-Meier Estimate. Lomustine / administration & dosage. Lomustine / adverse effects. Male. Middle Aged. Mutation. Procarbazine / administration & dosage. Procarbazine / adverse effects. Promoter Regions, Genetic. Proportional Hazards Models. Radiotherapy, Adjuvant / adverse effects. Risk Assessment. Risk Factors. Time Factors. Treatment Failure. Tumor Suppressor Proteins / genetics. Vincristine / administration & dosage. Vincristine / adverse effects. Young Adult

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[CommentIn] J Clin Oncol. 2009 Dec 10;27(35):5861-2 [19901101.001]

[ErratumIn] J Clin Oncol. 2010 Feb 1;28(4):708

(PMID = 19901110.001).

[ISSN] 1527-7755

[Journal-full-title] Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Clin. Oncol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Clinical Trial, Phase III; Comparative Study; Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; 0 / Tumor Suppressor Proteins; 35S93Y190K / Procarbazine; 5J49Q6B70F / Vincristine; 7BRF0Z81KG / Lomustine; 7GR28W0FJI / Dacarbazine; 85622-93-1 / temozolomide; EC 1.1.1.41 / Isocitrate Dehydrogenase; EC 1.1.1.42. / IDH1 protein, human; EC 2.1.1.- / DNA Modification Methylases; EC 2.1.1.63 / MGMT protein, human; EC 6.5.1.- / DNA Repair Enzymes; PCV protocol

   

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[Title] [Place of chemotherapy and radiotherapy in the management of oligodendrogliomas].

Twenty years ago, the discovery of the chemosensitivity of anaplastic oligodendrogliomas considerably boosted interest for these tumors.

In spite of difficulties for histological diagnosis, numerous studies on radiotherapy and chemotherapy for oligodendrogliomas appeared these last years.

For low grade oligodendrogliomas, radiotherapy delays the anaplastic transformation, but does not modify the overall survival; its indication has to be discussed particularly in the absence of clinical symptoms.

Chemotherapy seems to be effective for low grade oligodendrogliomas as well as anaplastic tumors.

However, phase III studies are necessary to clarify the contribution of chemotherapy for the treatment of low grade oligodendrogliomas, mainly in relation to radiotherapy.

In anaplastic oligodendrogliomas, in spite of the lack of phase III studies, radiotherapy seems to be effective.

[MeSH-major] Brain Neoplasms / drug therapy. Brain Neoplasms / radiotherapy. Oligodendroglioma / drug therapy. Oligodendroglioma / radiotherapy

[MeSH-minor] Combined Modality Therapy. Humans. Neoplasm Staging. Survival Rate

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(PMID = 16292180.001).

[ISSN] 0028-3770

[Journal-full-title] Neuro-Chirurgie

[ISO-abbreviation] Neurochirurgie

[Language] fre

[Publication-type] English Abstract; Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] France

[Number-of-references] 55

   

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[Title] Molecular analysis of anaplastic oligodendroglial tumors in a prospective randomized study: A report from EORTC study 26951.

Recent studies have shown that the clinical outcome of anaplastic oligodendroglial tumors is variable, but also that the histological diagnosis is subject to interobserver variation.

We investigated whether the assessment of 1p/19q codeletion, polysomy of chromosome 7, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene amplification (EGFR(amp)), and loss of chromosome 10 or 10q offers additional prognostic information to the histological diagnosis and would allow molecular subtyping.

For this study, we used the clinical data and tumor samples of the patients included in multicenter prospective phase III European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) study 26951 on the effects of adjuvant procarbazine, chloroethyl cyclohexylnitrosourea (lomustine), and vincristine chemotherapy in anaplastic oligodendroglial tumors.

Three different analyses were performed: on all included patients based on local pathology diagnosis, on the patients with confirmed anaplastic oligodendroglial tumors on central pathology review, and on this latter group but after excluding anaplastic oligoastrocytoma (AOA) with necrosis.

As a reference set for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), patients from the prospective randomized phase III study on GBM (EORTC 26981) were used as a benchmark.

In 257 of 368 patients, central pathology review confirmed the presence of an anaplastic oligodendroglial tumor.

Tumors with combined 1p and 19q loss (1p(loss)19q(loss)) were histopathologically diagnosed as anaplastic oligodendroglioma, were more frequently located in the frontal lobe, and had a better outcome.

Anaplastic oligodendroglial tumors with EGFR(amp) were more frequently AOA, were more often localized outside the frontal lobe, and had a survival similar to that for GBM.

In univariate analyses, all molecular factors except loss of 10q were of prognostic significance, but on multivariate analysis a histopathological diagnosis of AOA, necrosis, and 1p(loss)19q(loss) remained independent prognostic factors.

AOA tumors with necrosis are to be considered WHO grade IV tumors (GBM).

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(PMID = 19224764.001).

[ISSN] 1523-5866

[Journal-full-title] Neuro-oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] Neuro-oncology

[Language] ENG

[Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U10 CA011488; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / 2U10CA11488-25; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / 2U10CA11488-35

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 35S93Y190K / Procarbazine; 5J49Q6B70F / Vincristine; 7BRF0Z81KG / Lomustine

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2802394

   

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[Title] Polysomy for chromosomes 1 and 19 predicts earlier recurrence in anaplastic oligodendrogliomas with concurrent 1p/19q loss.

PURPOSE: Loss of chromosome arms 1p and 19q is a molecular feature of oligodendroglial tumors characterized by responsiveness to chemotherapy and a favorable prognosis.

EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We analyzed 64 anaplastic oligodendrogliomas with 1p/19q loss or maintenance diagnosed at Massachusetts General Hospital and Brigham and Women's Hospital from 1996 to 2005; fluorescence in situ hybridization for 1p/19q and Ki-67 immunohistochemistry was done.

In agreement with previous studies, the group of anaplastic oligodendrogliomas with 1p/19q loss had significantly better progression-free survival and overall survival than anaplastic oligodendrogliomas with 1p/19q maintenance (P = 0.0009 and P < 0.0003, respectively).

Among anaplastic oligodendrogliomas with 1p/19q loss, those with polysomy showed shorter progression-free survival than those with 1p/19q loss without polysomy (P = 0.0048).

CONCLUSION: The presence of polysomy in anaplastic oligodendrogliomas with deletion of 1p/19q is a marker of earlier recurrence.

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(PMID = 19808867.001).

[ISSN] 1078-0432

[Journal-full-title] Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research

[ISO-abbreviation] Clin. Cancer Res.

[Language] ENG

[Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA057683-16; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA057683; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA057683-16

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Other-IDs] NLM/ NIHMS160000; NLM/ PMC2818514

   

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[Title] Anaplastic oligodendroglioma: a case report with characteristic cytologic features, including minigemistocytes.

BACKGROUND: Absolute criteria for grading oligodendrogliomas are somewhat poorly defined in contrast to those for grading astrocytic tumors, and cytologic features of anaplastic oligodendrogliomas have been poorly described.

Intraoperative smears of the tumor showed hypercellular, loosely cohesive cell clusters and single cells with nuclear pleomorphism, numerous apoptotic cells and no discernible fibrillary processes.

Cryostat sections showed cellular nests consisting of tumor cells with oval nuclei and clear cytoplasm.

These cells were proliferating in the finely reticulated vascular stroma, and the tumor had an infiltrative margin with areas of focal necrosis and numerous calcifications.

The diagnosis of anaplastic oligodendroglioma, World Health Organization grade 3, was made, and the results of fluorescence in situ hybridization (chromosome 1q deletion) supported the diagnosis.

CONCLUSION: Intraoperative diagnosis of anaplastic oligodendroglioma may not be easy but is possible with judicious consideration of several features: high cellularity, no fibrillary processes, nuclear atypia, pleomorphism, abundant apoptotic cells, occasional mitotic figures, coagulative necrosis, endothelial hyperplasia and characteristic conspicuous minigemistocytes.

[MeSH-major] Brain Neoplasms / pathology. Oligodendroglioma / pathology

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(PMID = 17718148.001).

[ISSN] 0001-5547

[Journal-full-title] Acta cytologica

[ISO-abbreviation] Acta Cytol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

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[Title] Type and frequency of IDH1 and IDH2 mutations are related to astrocytic and oligodendroglial differentiation and age: a study of 1,010 diffuse gliomas.

Somatic mutations in the IDH1 gene encoding cytosolic NADP+-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase have been shown in the majority of astrocytomas, oligodendrogliomas and oligoastrocytomas of WHO grades II and III.

Preliminary data suggest an importance of IDH1 mutation for prognosis showing that patients with anaplastic astrocytomas, oligodendrogliomas and oligoastrocytomas harboring IDH1 mutations seem to fare much better than patients without this mutation in their tumors.

We found 165 IDH1 (72.7%) and 2 IDH2 mutations (0.9%) in 227 diffuse astrocytomas WHO grade II, 146 IDH1 (64.0%) and 2 IDH2 mutations (0.9%) in 228 anaplastic astrocytomas WHO grade III, 105 IDH1 (82.0%) and 6 IDH2 mutations (4.7%) in 128 oligodendrogliomas WHO grade II, 121 IDH1 (69.5%) and 9 IDH2 mutations (5.2%) in 174 anaplastic oligodendrogliomas WHO grade III, 62 IDH1 (81.6%) and 1 IDH2 mutations (1.3%) in 76 oligoastrocytomas WHO grade II and 117 IDH1 (66.1%) and 11 IDH2 mutations (6.2%) in 177 anaplastic oligoastrocytomas WHO grade III.

We report on an inverse association of IDH1 and IDH2 mutations in these gliomas and a non-random distribution of the mutation types within the tumor entities.

IDH1 mutations of the R132C type are strongly associated with astrocytoma, while IDH2 mutations predominantly occur in oligodendroglial tumors.

In addition, patients with anaplastic glioma harboring IDH1 mutations were on average 6 years younger than those without these alterations.

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Age Factors. Brain / pathology. Cell Differentiation. DNA Mutational Analysis. Female. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Mutation. Prognosis. Tumor Cells, Cultured

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(PMID = 19554337.001).

[ISSN] 1432-0533

[Journal-full-title] Acta neuropathologica

[ISO-abbreviation] Acta Neuropathol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Germany

[Chemical-registry-number] EC 1.1.1.41 / Isocitrate Dehydrogenase

   

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Gliomas are the most common primary brain tumor, and are histopathologically classified according to their cell type and the degree of malignancy.

However, sometimes diagnosis can be controversial,and tumors of the same entity possibly have a wide range of survival.

Previous studies using comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) demonstrated that copy number aberrations(CNAs) were frequently recognized in these tumors, and revealed that a gain on chromosomal arm 7q was the most common CNA in diffuse astrocytomas, whereas a small population of the tumor showed losses on 1p/19q which characterizes oligodendrogliomas with good responsiveness to chemotherapeutic regime using procarbazine, nitrosourea and vincristine.

High grade (malignant) gliomas(i.e. anaplastic astrocytomas, anaplastic oligodendrogliomas and glioblastomas) have been reported to have a gain on 7p and losses on 9p and 10q.

[MeSH-minor] Glioma / genetics. Glioma / pathology. Humans. Neoplasm Staging. Nucleic Acid Hybridization

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(PMID = 16823260.001).

[ISSN] 0022-9717

[Journal-full-title] The Keio journal of medicine

[ISO-abbreviation] Keio J Med

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] Japan

[Number-of-references] 51

   

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STUDY DESIGN: At least 300 tumor cell nuclei per case were measured by means of a digital image analysis system.

(1) oligodendrogliomas WHO grade II (n = 13) vs. grade III (n = 11), (2) medulloblastomas WHO grade IV (n = 14) vs. anaplastic ependymomas WHO grade III (n = 12), (3) Ki-67-positive vs. Ki-67-negative tumor cell nuclei in the 14 medulloblastomas.

CONCLUSION: Fourier analysis provided an optimal statistical discrimination between different brain tumor entities and between data sets from proliferating and nonproliferating tumor cell nuclei.

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(PMID = 16637509.001).

[ISSN] 0884-6812

[Journal-full-title] Analytical and quantitative cytology and histology

[ISO-abbreviation] Anal. Quant. Cytol. Histol.

[Language] ENG

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

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Histological, immunohistochemical and electron microscopic findings were consistent with high-grade ependymoma.

Especially striking was the presence of bizzare pleomorphic giant cells which predominated in the tumor tissue.

As a result the diagnosis of GCE was established.

This type of neoplasm necessitates, at least in theory, differentiation with anaplastic oligodendroglioma, clear cell ependymoma, pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma, giant cell glioblastoma, and subependymal giant cell astrocytoma.

In spite of apparently "worrisome" histology GCE seems to be a neoplasm with a relatively good prognosis.

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(PMID = 18006220.001).

[ISSN] 0303-8467

[Journal-full-title] Clinical neurology and neurosurgery

[ISO-abbreviation] Clin Neurol Neurosurg

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Netherlands

   

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Human gliomas represent an unmet clinical challenge as nearly two-thirds of them are highly malignant lesions with fast progression, resistance to treatment and poor prognosis.

While receptor expression was similarly detected in low or high grade tumours, the uppermost scores of CX3CL1 were found in grades III-IV tumours: oligodendrogliomas, anaplastic astrocytomas and glioblastomas.

The high expression of CXC3L1 in the most severe forms of gliomas suggests the involvement of this chemokine and its receptor in the malignant behaviour of these tumours.

[MeSH-major] Brain Neoplasms / metabolism. Chemokine CX3CL1 / metabolism. Glioblastoma / metabolism. Neoplasm Proteins / metabolism. Neoplastic Stem Cells / metabolism. Receptors, Interleukin-8A / metabolism

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Female. Humans. Immunohistochemistry. Male. Middle Aged. Prognosis. Tumor Cells, Cultured

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[Copyright] Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

(PMID = 20728344.001).

[ISSN] 1879-0852

[Journal-full-title] European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990)

[ISO-abbreviation] Eur. J. Cancer

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Chemokine CX3CL1; 0 / Neoplasm Proteins; 0 / Receptors, Interleukin-8A

   

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The proportion of high grade tumors of all tumor types with detectable CD117 immunoreactivity was statistically significantly greater than low grade tumors, and glioblastoma and anaplastic oligodendroglioma showed the highest staining grade.

[MeSH-major] Biomarkers, Tumor / metabolism. Brain Neoplasms / metabolism. Glioma / metabolism. Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit / metabolism

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(PMID = 16132504.001).

[ISSN] 0167-594X

[Journal-full-title] Journal of neuro-oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Neurooncol.

[Language] eng

[Grant] United States / NINDS NIH HHS / NS / NS38230

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; EC 2.7.10.1 / Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit

   

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[Title] Anaplastic astrocytomas: biology and treatment.

Anaplastic astrocytomas (AA), WHO grade III gliomas, comprise 10-15% of all glial neoplasms.

The most important predictor of response to therapy and survival in AA tumors is the presence or absence of the 1p19q co-deletion, a translocation that defines a subset of oligodendroglial tumors, and anaplastic oligodendrogliomas in particular.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / diagnosis. Astrocytoma / therapy. Brain Neoplasms / diagnosis. Brain Neoplasms / therapy. Clinical Trials as Topic

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(PMID = 18416660.001).

[ISSN] 1744-8360

[Journal-full-title] Expert review of neurotherapeutics

[ISO-abbreviation] Expert Rev Neurother

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] England

   

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We analyzed the genomic region spanning wild-type R132 of IDH1 by direct sequencing in 125 glial tumors.

In the present study, R172 mutation of the IDH2 gene was detected in one anaplastic astrocytoma.

IDH1 or IDH2 mutations were frequently in oligodendrogliomas (67%), anaplastic astrocytomas (62%), anaplastic oligoastrocytomas (75%), anaplastic oligodendrogliomas (50%), secondary glioblastomas (67%), gangliogliomas (38%), and anaplastic gangliogliomas (60%).

Mutations of the IDH1 or IDH2 genes were significantly associated with improved outcome in patients with anaplastic astrocytomas.

Our data suggest that IDH1 or IDH2 mutation plays a role in early tumor progression of several types of glioma and might arise from a common glial precursor.

[MeSH-major] Biomarkers, Tumor / genetics. Brain Neoplasms / genetics. Glioma / genetics. Isocitrate Dehydrogenase / genetics

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(PMID = 19765000.001).

[ISSN] 1349-7006

[Journal-full-title] Cancer science

[ISO-abbreviation] Cancer Sci.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; EC 1.1.1.41 / Isocitrate Dehydrogenase; EC 1.1.1.41 / isocitrate dehydrogenase 2, human; EC 1.1.1.42. / IDH1 protein, human

   

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[Title] Biomarkers of clinical responsiveness in brain tumor patients : progress and potential.

Anaplastic astrocytoma and glioblastoma multiforme represent malignant astrocytomas, which are the most common type of malignant gliomas.

Despite research efforts in cancer therapy, the prognosis of patients with malignant gliomas remains poor.

Research efforts in recent years have focused on investigating the cellular, molecular, and genetic pathways involved in the progression of malignant gliomas.

As a result, biomarkers have emerged as diagnostic, predictive, and prognostic tools that have the potential to transform the field of brain tumor diagnostics.

An increased understanding of the important molecular pathways that have been implicated in the progression of malignant gliomas has led to the identification of potential diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers, some bearing clinical implications for targeted therapy.

Some of the most promising biomarkers to date include loss of chromosomes 1p/19q in oligodendrogliomas and expression of O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) or epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) status in glioblastomas.

Research into the clinical relevance and applicability of such biomarkers has the potential to revolutionize our approach to the diagnosis and treatment of patients with malignant gliomas.

[MeSH-major] Biomarkers, Tumor / analysis. Brain Neoplasms / chemistry. Glioma / chemistry

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(PMID = 18652516.001).

[ISSN] 1177-1062

[Journal-full-title] Molecular diagnosis & therapy

[ISO-abbreviation] Mol Diagn Ther

[Language] eng

[Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01CA108633

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review

[Publication-country] New Zealand

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor

[Number-of-references] 71

   

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[Title] Disseminating anaplastic brainstem oligodendroglioma associated with allelic loss in the tumor suppressor candidate region D19S246 of chromosome 19 mimicking an inflammatory central nervous system disease in a 9-year-old boy.

Magnetic resonance imaging showed brainstem enlargement leading to the diagnosis of an inflammatory process.

In addition, the clinical picture, a monocytic cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis with elevated protein and lactate and serum IgM antibodies to Mycoplasma pneumoniae favored this diagnosis.

Finally, a disseminating anaplastic oligodendroglioma with allelic loss of the D19S246 tumor suppressor candidate locus of chromosome 19 was diagnosed.

To our knowledge, this is the first case of a disseminating anaplastic brainstem oligodendroglioma associated with this specific allelic loss occurring in childhood.

[MeSH-major] Brain Stem Neoplasms / diagnosis. Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19. Genes, Tumor Suppressor. Loss of Heterozygosity / genetics. Meningoencephalitis / diagnosis. Oligodendroglioma / diagnosis

[MeSH-minor] Brain Stem / pathology. Child. Diagnosis, Differential. Fatal Outcome. Glucocorticoids / therapeutic use. Humans. Injections, Intravenous. Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Male

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(PMID = 16084959.001).

[ISSN] 0046-8177

[Journal-full-title] Human pathology

[ISO-abbreviation] Hum. Pathol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Glucocorticoids

   

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[Title] [Resent advances in chemotherapy for malignant brain tumors].

Most malignant brain tumors are resistant to the chemotherapeutic agents because of the existence of several mechanisms or substances such as the blood-brain barrier, genes and proteins.

Especially recent advances in the field of molecular biology have contributed to examination of the chemosensitivities of tumor cells.

Loss of chromosome 1 p and 19 q is considered to be closely related to chemosensitivity in anaplastic oligodendrogliomas.

This is one of the breakthroughs in the field of chemotherapy for malignant brain tumors.

Multi-institutional randomized controlled study by JCOG Brain Tumor Study Group is the first trial for the treatment of malignant astrocytomas under well-established quality control and quality assurance systems.

It can be a model of clinical trials for malignant brain tumors in Japan.

[MeSH-minor] Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating / therapeutic use. Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic. Drug Resistance, Neoplasm. Humans. Nimustine / administration & dosage. Nitrosourea Compounds / pharmacology. O(6)-Methylguanine-DNA Methyltransferase / metabolism. Procarbazine / administration & dosage. Quality Control. Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic

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(PMID = 15853207.001).

[ISSN] 0385-0684

[Journal-full-title] Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer & chemotherapy

[ISO-abbreviation] Gan To Kagaku Ryoho

[Language] jpn

[Publication-type] English Abstract; Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] Japan

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; 0 / Nitrosourea Compounds; 0S726V972K / Nimustine; 35S93Y190K / Procarbazine; EC 2.1.1.63 / O(6)-Methylguanine-DNA Methyltransferase

[Number-of-references] 27

   

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[Title] Temozolomide chemotherapy in patients with recurrent malignant gliomas.

Numerous studies have demonstrated the clinical activity of temozolomide, a second-generation alkylating agent, against malignant brain tumors, however, its activity has not been reported in an Asian population.

This study analyzed the efficacy and toxicity of temozolomide in 25 adult patients with recurrent or progressive malignant gliomas after surgery and standard radiation therapy with or without chemotherapy, enrolled in our institution since July 2000.

Sixteen patients had glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), six with anaplastic astrocytoma, and three with anaplastic oligodendroglioma.

Temozolomide demonstrated moderate activity in recurrent and progressive malignant gliomas without serious toxicity.

[MeSH-minor] Administration, Oral. Adolescent. Adult. Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating / administration & dosage. Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating / adverse effects. Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating / therapeutic use. Brain / drug effects. Brain / pathology. Combined Modality Therapy. Drug Administration Schedule. Drug-Induced Liver Injury. Female. Humans. Leukopenia / chemically induced. Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Male. Middle Aged. Nausea / chemically induced. Neoplasm Recurrence, Local. Survival Analysis. Treatment Outcome. Vomiting / chemically induced

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(PMID = 16891823.001).

[ISSN] 1011-8934

[Journal-full-title] Journal of Korean medical science

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Korean Med. Sci.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Clinical Trial; Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Korea (South)

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; 7GR28W0FJI / Dacarbazine; 85622-93-1 / temozolomide

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2729901

   

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Astrocytic, oligodendroglial and mixed gliomas are the commonest gliomas in adults.

Co-deletions of total 1p and 19q are found in the majority of oligodendrogliomas and considered as a diagnostic marker and a prognostic indicator.

Total 1p deletions were rare (2%), however partial deletions involving 1p36 were frequently identified in anaplastic astrocytomas (22%) and glioblastomas (34%).

Our results indicate that 1p deletions are common anaplastic astrocytomas and glioblastomas but are distinct from the 1p abnormalities in oligodendrogliomas.

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(PMID = 17934521.001).

[ISSN] 1476-5594

[Journal-full-title] Oncogene

[ISO-abbreviation] Oncogene

[Language] eng

[Grant] United Kingdom / Cancer Research UK / / A6618; United Kingdom / Cancer Research UK / / ; United Kingdom / Wellcome Trust / /

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] England

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2650419; NLM/ UKMS4022

   

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[Title] Extracranial metastasis of anaplastic oligodendroglioma with 1p19q loss of heterozygosity--case report.

We report a rare case of anaplastic oligodendroglioma with extracranial metastasis, showing 1p19q co-deletion in both the brain tissue and the metastatic site.

A 53-year-old man first presented with a left frontal tumor.

The tumor was subtotally removed and irradiation was performed for the residual tumor and tumor bed.

Histological examination revealed anaplastic oligodendroglioma, proved to be the same as the previous brain tumor.

We confirmed 1p19q loss of heterozygosity in both lesions, suggesting that 1p19q co-deletion might important to extracranial metastasis of oligodendroglioma.

[MeSH-major] Brain Neoplasms / genetics. Brain Neoplasms / pathology. Head and Neck Neoplasms / genetics. Head and Neck Neoplasms / secondary. Oligodendroglioma / genetics. Oligodendroglioma / secondary

[MeSH-minor] Cervical Vertebrae / pathology. Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1 / genetics. DNA Mutational Analysis. Fatal Outcome. Frontal Lobe / pathology. Genetic Predisposition to Disease / genetics. Genotype. Humans. Loss of Heterozygosity / genetics. Lymph Nodes / pathology. Male. Middle Aged. Neck / pathology. Neoplasm Metastasis / genetics. Neoplasm Metastasis / pathology. Spinal Canal / pathology. Thoracic Wall / pathology. Thymus Gland / pathology

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(PMID = 20185886.001).

[ISSN] 1349-8029

[Journal-full-title] Neurologia medico-chirurgica

[ISO-abbreviation] Neurol. Med. Chir. (Tokyo)

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Japan

   

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[Title] Oligodendroglial tumor chemotherapy using "decreased-dose-intensity" PCV: a Singapore experience.

The authors propose "decreased-dose-intensity" PCV (procarbazine, lomustine [CCNU], and vincristine) chemotherapy for Asian patients with oligodendroglial tumors.

In this study, all seven patients with oligodendroglioma (OD) and eight with anaplastic oligodendroglioma (AO) had objective responses or stable disease.

Twenty-four Common Toxicity Criteria Grade 3/4 adverse events were noted.

[MeSH-major] Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / administration & dosage. Asian Continental Ancestry Group. Brain Neoplasms / drug therapy. Brain Neoplasms / ethnology. Oligodendroglioma / drug therapy. Oligodendroglioma / ethnology

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(PMID = 16434664.001).

[ISSN] 1526-632X

[Journal-full-title] Neurology

[ISO-abbreviation] Neurology

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Clinical Trial; Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antineoplastic Agents; 0 / Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; 0 / Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; 35S93Y190K / Procarbazine; 5J49Q6B70F / Vincristine; 7BRF0Z81KG / Lomustine

   

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[Title] Gene expression-based molecular diagnostic system for malignant gliomas is superior to histological diagnosis.

In this study, we focused on anaplastic oligodendroglioma and glioblastoma, which typically follow distinct clinical courses.

EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: The expression of 3,456 genes in 32 patients, 12 and 20 of whom had prognostically distinct anaplastic oligodendroglioma and glioblastoma, respectively, was measured by PCR array.

Next to unsupervised methods, we did supervised analysis using a weighted voting algorithm to construct a diagnostic system discriminating anaplastic oligodendroglioma from glioblastoma.

The clinical utility was tested on a microarray-based data set of 50 malignant gliomas from a previous study.

RESULTS: Unsupervised analysis showed divergent global gene expression patterns between the two tumor classes.

Applied to a gene expression data set from a previous study, our model correlated better with outcome than histologic diagnosis, and also displayed 96.6% (28 of 29) consistency with the molecular classification scheme used for these histologically controversial gliomas in the original article.

Furthermore, we observed that histologically diagnosed glioblastoma samples that shared anaplastic oligodendroglioma molecular characteristics tended to be associated with longer survival.

CONCLUSIONS: Our molecular diagnostic system showed reproducible clinical utility and prognostic ability superior to traditional histopathologic diagnosis for malignant glioma.

[MeSH-major] Brain Neoplasms / diagnosis. Brain Neoplasms / genetics. Gene Expression Profiling / methods. Glioblastoma / diagnosis. Glioblastoma / genetics. Oligodendroglioma / diagnosis

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(PMID = 18094416.001).

[ISSN] 1078-0432

[Journal-full-title] Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research

[ISO-abbreviation] Clin. Cancer Res.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

   

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METHODS: Twenty-seven patients (18 male, 9 female; mean age 42 years; range 11-77 years; 8 low-grade and 11 high-grade astrocytomas or mixed gliomas, 8 oligodendrogliomas) underwent MET PET studies preoperatively.

RESULTS: MET PET tumor uptake was detected in 26 of 27 patients (96.3%).

The quantitative MET tumor standardized uptake value (SUV) ratio was significantly higher in malignant gliomas and oligodendrogliomas than in low-grade gliomas (2.76/2.62 vs. 1.67, p=0.03).

Focal uptake corresponded to malignant glioma histology in 66.7%, and uniform global uptake to oligodendroglial histology in 72.7%.

In oligodendrogliomas, global MET uptake constituted 81.5% (range 53.8-135%) of the MRI T(1) tumor volume on average and was limited to the MRI FLAIR tumor volume in 86% (7/8) of patients.

CONCLUSION: MET PET image fusion may facilitate the targeting of anaplastic foci in homogeneous MRI non-enhancing gliomas for biopsy, may identify oligodendroglial histology preoperatively as well as characterize biologically active tumor volumes within MRI T(1)/FLAIR tumor areas of candidate patients for resection.

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Aged. Carbon Radioisotopes. Child. Diagnosis, Differential. Female. Humans. Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / instrumentation. Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / methods. Male. Methionine / metabolism. Middle Aged. Oligodendroglioma / pathology. Oligodendroglioma / radionuclide imaging. Oligodendroglioma / surgery. Predictive Value of Tests. Preoperative Care / instrumentation. Preoperative Care / methods. Sensitivity and Specificity

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(PMID = 18058643.001).

[ISSN] 0946-7211

[Journal-full-title] Minimally invasive neurosurgery : MIN

[ISO-abbreviation] Minim Invasive Neurosurg

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] Germany

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Carbon Radioisotopes; AE28F7PNPL / Methionine

   

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[Title] Cognition and quality of life after chemotherapy plus radiotherapy (RT) vs. RT for pure and mixed anaplastic oligodendrogliomas: radiation therapy oncology group trial 9402.

PURPOSE: Radiation Therapy Oncology Group 9402 compared procarbazine, lomustine, and vincristine (PCV) chemotherapy plus radiation therapy (PCV + RT) vs. RT alone for anaplastic oligodendroglioma.

For those who died, MMSE scores remained stable initially, whereas B-QOL slowly declined; both declined rapidly in the last year of life and similarly between arms.

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[Copyright] (c) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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(PMID = 19783377.001).

[ISSN] 1879-355X

[Journal-full-title] International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics

[ISO-abbreviation] Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys.

[Language] ENG

[Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U10 CA037422-15; None / None / / U10 CA021661-30; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U10 CA021661-31S1; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U10 CA021661-27S2; None / None / / U10 CA021661-28S1; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U10 CA021661-25; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U10 CA037422-12; None / None / / U10 CA021661-27; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U10 CA021661-28S1; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U10 CA037422-19; None / None / / U10 CA021661-32S2; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U10 CA021661-28; None / None / / U10 CA037422-19; None / None / / U10 CA037422-16; None / None / / U10 CA021661-25; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U10 CA021661-32S4; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U10 CA037422-20; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U10 CA037422-22S1; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U10 CA021661-32S1; None / None / / U10 CA037422-22; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U10 CA021661-31; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U10 CA021661-32; None / None / / U10 CA037422-15; None / None / / U10 CA021661-24; None / None / / U10 CA021661-27S1; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U10 CA037422-18; None / None / / U10 CA021661-28; None / None / / U10 CA021661-32S3; None / None / / U10 CA021661-32S4; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U10 CA021661-30; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U10 CA037422-16; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U10 CA037422-17; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U10 CA021661-32S3; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U10 CA021661-32S2; None / None / / U10 CA037422-21; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U10 CA037422-21; None / None / / U10 CA021661-24S1; None / None / / U10 CA037422-17; None / None / / U10 CA021661-29; None / None / / U10 CA037422-12; None / None / / U10 CA021661-31S1; None / None / / U10 CA037422-14; None / None / / U10 CA021661-32; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U10 CA037422-14; None / None / / U10 CA037422-22S1; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U10 CA037422-21S1; None / None / / U10 CA037422-20; None / None / / U10 CA021661-31; None / None / / U10 CA021661-27S2; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U10 CA021661-24; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U10 CA021661-26; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U10 CA021661-27S1; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U10 CA021661-27; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U10 CA021661-24S1; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U10 CA037422-22; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U10 CA037422-13; None / None / / U10 CA037422-13; None / None / / U10 CA037422-18; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U10 CA021661-29; None / None / / U10 CA037422-21S1; None / None / / U10 CA021661-26; None / None / / U10 CA021661-32S1

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Randomized Controlled Trial

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 35S93Y190K / Procarbazine; 5J49Q6B70F / Vincristine; 7BRF0Z81KG / Lomustine

[Other-IDs] NLM/ NIHMS123692; NLM/ PMC2878934

   

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[Title] [Significance and prospects of study on molecular alterations in oligodendrogliomas].

Oligodendroglial tumours represent a type of tumours in which molecular alterations may become a significant prognostic factor.

Oligodendrogliomas show distinct genetic alterations, allowing us to distinguish them from other types of gliomas.

Conversely, allelic loss on chromosome 10q, observed in many anaplastic oligodendrogliomas, predicts rather poor outcome.

The present paper is a compilation of the newest information on the characteristics of the genetic alterations related to the clinical course of oligodendrogliomas, which seems to be important for the proper diagnostics and selection of the appropriate methods of treatment.

[MeSH-major] Brain Neoplasms / genetics. Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1 / genetics. Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19 / genetics. Loss of Heterozygosity / genetics. Oligodendroglioma / genetics

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(PMID = 17874342.001).

[ISSN] 0028-3843

[Journal-full-title] Neurologia i neurochirurgia polska

[ISO-abbreviation] Neurol. Neurochir. Pol.

[Language] pol

[Publication-type] English Abstract; Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] Poland

[Number-of-references] 33

   

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[Title] Anaplastic intraventricular oligodendroglioma: case report and review of the literature.

BACKGROUND: Intraventricular oligodendroglioma remains a rare diagnosis, with high-grade/anaplastic IVO being an even rarer subtype.

These lesions vary in regard to tumor grading and clinical presentation, as compared with their intraparenchymal counterparts.

A case report and review of the previous literature regarding IVO and tumor grading were conducted.

CASE DESCRIPTION: A case report of a patient with an anaplastic oligodendroglioma confined entirely within the ventricular system is presented.

The literature regarding the clinical presentation, methodology of diagnosis, and treatment of IVO was reviewed.

Only 2 previous case reports of high-grade/anaplastic IVO were identified.

Accurate diagnosis of these lesions, including immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy, and molecular/chromosomal subtyping, is imperative.

Adjuvant therapies may differ significantly according to the tumor grade and molecular subtype.

CONCLUSIONS: Intraventricular oligodendroglioma remains an infrequently encountered lesion, yet is usually found to be low grade at the time of surgery.

Anaplastic IVO is an exceedingly rare lesion, with only 3 case reports in the literature.

[MeSH-major] Cerebral Ventricle Neoplasms / diagnosis. Cerebral Ventricle Neoplasms / surgery. Oligodendroglioma / diagnosis. Oligodendroglioma / surgery

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(PMID = 18291495.001).

[ISSN] 0090-3019

[Journal-full-title] Surgical neurology

[ISO-abbreviation] Surg Neurol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] United States

[Number-of-references] 24

   

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As an early marker of differentiation, Nestin is almost not expressed in diffuse astrocytomas, variably expressed in anaplastic astrocytomas and strongly and irregularly expressed in glioblastomas.

Negative in oligodendrogliomas, it stains ependymomas and shows a gradient of expression in pilocytic astrocytomas.

In glioblastomas, Nestin distribution does not completely correspond to that of GFAP and Vimentin with which its expression varies in tumor cells in a complementary way, as confirmed by confocal microscopy.

Tumor cells can thus either derive from or differentiate toward the neurocytogenetic stages.

Completely negative cells of invasive or recurrent glioblastomas may represent malignant selected clones after accumulation of mutations or early stem cells not expressing antigens.

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(PMID = 16529857.001).

[ISSN] 0304-3940

[Journal-full-title] Neuroscience letters

[ISO-abbreviation] Neurosci. Lett.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Ireland

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; 0 / Intermediate Filament Proteins; 0 / Ki-67 Antigen; 0 / NES protein, human; 0 / Nerve Tissue Proteins; 0 / Nestin; 0 / Vimentin

   

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In contrast, RTVP-1 and RTVP-1b showed similar patterns of expression in astrocytic tumors; highly expressed in glioblastomas as compared to normal brains, low-grade astrocytomas and anaplastic oligodendrogliomas.

[MeSH-major] Brain Neoplasms / metabolism. Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic. Glioma / metabolism. Neoplasm Proteins / biosynthesis. Neoplasm Proteins / genetics. Nerve Tissue Proteins / biosynthesis. Nerve Tissue Proteins / genetics

[MeSH-minor] Alternative Splicing. Amino Acid Sequence. Base Sequence. Cell Line, Tumor. Cell Movement. Cell Proliferation. Cloning, Molecular. Humans. Molecular Sequence Data. Protein Isoforms. Tissue Distribution

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(PMID = 17825796.001).

[ISSN] 0006-291X

[Journal-full-title] Biochemical and biophysical research communications

[ISO-abbreviation] Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.

[Language] eng

[Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA-R21-96965; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R24 CA095809

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / GLIPR1 protein, human; 0 / Neoplasm Proteins; 0 / Nerve Tissue Proteins; 0 / Protein Isoforms

   

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[Title] EGFRvIII deletion mutations in pediatric high-grade glioma and response to targeted therapy in pediatric glioma cell lines.

We have sought to clarify the role of EGFR in pediatric high-grade glioma (HGG).

No kinase or extracellular domain mutations were observed; however, 6 of 35 (17%) cases harbored the EGFRvIII deletion, including two anaplastic oligodendrogliomas and a gliosarcoma overexpressing EGFRvIII in the absence of gene amplification and coexpressing platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha.

Pediatric glioblastoma cells transduced with wild-type or deletion mutant EGFRvIII were not rendered more sensitive to erlotinib despite expressing wild-type PTEN.

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Blotting, Western. Cell Proliferation / drug effects. Child. Erlotinib Hydrochloride. Humans. Prognosis. Quinazolines / pharmacology. Retrospective Studies. Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction. Sensitivity and Specificity. Tumor Cells, Cultured

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[ErratumIn] Clin Cancer Res. 2009 Nov 15;15(22):7110

(PMID = 19737945.001).

[ISSN] 1078-0432

[Journal-full-title] Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research

[ISO-abbreviation] Clin. Cancer Res.

[Language] eng

[Grant] United Kingdom / Cancer Research UK / / C1178/A10294; United Kingdom / Cancer Research UK / / C309/A2187; United Kingdom / Cancer Research UK / / C309/A8274

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Quinazolines; 0 / epidermal growth factor receptor VIII; DA87705X9K / Erlotinib Hydrochloride; EC 2.7.10.1 / Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor