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OBJECTIVES: Studies from the colorectal literature have shown that factors associated with anastomotic leak after colorectal resection include long surgical time (>2 h), multiple blood transfusions, and short distance to the anal verge.

The aim of this study was to assess the morbidity associated with en bloc resection of ovarian carcinoma with low anterior resection and anastomosis in patients undergoing primary cytoreductive surgery for advanced disease.

[MeSH-major] Colon, Sigmoid / surgery. Ovarian Neoplasms / surgery. Rectum / surgery

Genetic Alliance. consumer health - Ovarian cancer.

Genetic Alliance. consumer health - Ovarian epithelial cancer.

MedlinePlus Health Information. consumer health - Ovarian Cancer.

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(PMID = 16153697.001).

[ISSN] 0090-8258

[Journal-full-title] Gynecologic oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] Gynecol. Oncol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

   

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The roles of physicists in medical imaging have expanded over the years, from the study of imaging systems (sources and detectors) and dose to the assessment of image quality and perception, the development of image processing techniques, and the development of image analysis methods to assist in detection and diagnosis.

In the mid-1980s, however, medical physicists and radiologists began major research efforts for computer-aided detection or computer-aided diagnosis (CAD), that is, using the computer output as an aid to radiologists-as opposed to a completely automatic computer interpretation-focusing initially on methods for the detection of lesions on chest radiographs and mammograms.

Since then, extensive investigations of computerized image analysis for detection or diagnosis of abnormalities in a variety of 2D and 3D medical images have been conducted.

[MeSH-major] Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted / methods. Radiometry / methods

[MeSH-minor] Breast Neoplasms / diagnosis. Breast Neoplasms / pathology. Diagnostic Imaging / methods. False Positive Reactions. Humans. Image Processing, Computer-Assisted. Imaging, Three-Dimensional. Mammography / methods. ROC Curve. Societies, Medical. Time Factors

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(PMID = 19175137.001).

[ISSN] 0094-2405

[Journal-full-title] Medical physics

[ISO-abbreviation] Med Phys

[Language] eng

[Grant] United States / NIBIB NIH HHS / EB / R01 EB002138

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.; Review

[Publication-country] United States

[Number-of-references] 399

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2673617

   

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While exploring for the primary site, we observed a flat tumor, 10 mm in diameter, in the rectum at 10 cm from the anal ring, and local resection of the tumor was performed transanally.

Hepatectomy with microwave coagulation therapy is believed to be locally effective in multiple liver metastases of rectal carcinoid tumor.

[MeSH-major] Carcinoid Tumor / pathology. Electrocoagulation / methods. Hepatectomy. Liver Neoplasms / secondary. Liver Neoplasms / therapy. Microwaves / therapeutic use. Rectal Neoplasms / pathology

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(PMID = 20037369.001).

[ISSN] 0385-0684

[Journal-full-title] Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer & chemotherapy

[ISO-abbreviation] Gan To Kagaku Ryoho

[Language] jpn

[Publication-type] Case Reports; English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Japan

   

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[Title] US intergroup anal carcinoma trial: tumor diameter predicts for colostomy.

PURPOSE: The US Gastrointestinal Intergroup Radiation Therapy Oncology Group 98-11 anal carcinoma trial showed that cisplatin-based concurrent chemoradiotherapy resulted in a significantly higher rate of colostomy compared with mitomycin-based therapy.

Established prognostic variables for patients with anal carcinoma include tumor diameter, clinical nodal status, and sex, but pretreatment variables that would predict the likelihood of colostomy are unknown.

Univariate and multivariate analyses were carried out to correlate overall survival (OS), disease-free survival, and time to colostomy (TTC) with pretreatment and treatment variables.

In the multivariate analysis, tumor-related prognosticators for poorer OS included node-positive cancer (P < or = .0001), large (> 5 cm) tumor diameter (P = .01), and male sex (P = .016).

In the pretreatment variables category, only large tumor diameter independently predicted for TTC (P = .008).

Similarly, the cumulative 5-year colostomy rate was statistically significantly higher for large tumor diameter than for small tumor diameter (Gray's test; P = .0074).

CONCLUSION: The combined analysis of the two arms of RTOG 98-11, representing the largest prospective database, reveals that tumor diameter (irrespective of the nodal status) is the only independent pretreatment variable that predicts TTC and 5-year colostomy rate in patients with anal carcinoma.

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[CommentIn] J Clin Oncol. 2009 Jun 20;27(18):3064; author reply 3065 [19414660.001]

(PMID = 19139424.001).

[ISSN] 1527-7755

[Journal-full-title] Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Clin. Oncol.

[Language] ENG

[Grant] United States / NCRR NIH HHS / RR / UL1 RR025741; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA21661; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U10 CA37422; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U10 CA037422; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U10 CA021661; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U10CA32115; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U10 CA032115

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 50SG953SK6 / Mitomycin; Q20Q21Q62J / Cisplatin; U3P01618RT / Fluorouracil

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2667813

   

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DESIGN: Retrospective review of patient and tumor characteristics, procedure, recurrence, and complications.

Mean tumor size was 3.0 cm (range, 0.5-11 cm) and the mean distance of the tumor from the anal verge was 4.9 cm (range, 0-10 cm).

Tumor size did not correlate with malignancy.

There were 4 (12.5%) benign recurrences, all after transanal excisions.

[MeSH-major] Adenoma, Villous / surgery. Rectal Neoplasms / surgery

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Biopsy. Endosonography. Female. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / epidemiology. Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / pathology. Retrospective Studies

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(PMID = 18794424.001).

[ISSN] 1538-3644

[Journal-full-title] Archives of surgery (Chicago, Ill. : 1960)

[ISO-abbreviation] Arch Surg

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

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RESULTS: Overall, patients who had preoperative radiotherapy experienced significantly more late complications than those who did not (69 versus 43 per cent; P = 0.002).

This morbidity consisted mainly of cardiovascular disease (35 versus 19 per cent; P = 0.032), faecal incontinence (12 of 21 versus 11 of 42 patients having anterior resection; P = 0.013) and urinary incontinence (45 versus 27 per cent; P = 0.023).

CONCLUSION: Preoperative short-course, high-dose radiotherapy in patients with rectal cancer increases the risk of anal and urinary dysfunction, and may lead to increased cardiovascular morbidity, at long-term follow-up.

[MeSH-major] Quality of Life. Radiotherapy, Adjuvant / adverse effects. Rectal Neoplasms / radiotherapy

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(PMID = 17054311.001).

[ISSN] 0007-1323

[Journal-full-title] The British journal of surgery

[ISO-abbreviation] Br J Surg

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] England

   

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[Title] PUNLMP or not PUNLMP? This is the problem.

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(PMID = 19634789.001).

[ISSN] 0884-6812

[Journal-full-title] Analytical and quantitative cytology and histology

[ISO-abbreviation] Anal. Quant. Cytol. Histol.

[Language] ENG

[Publication-type] Letter

[Publication-country] United States

   

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[MeSH-major] Asbestos / adverse effects. Lung Neoplasms / etiology. Smoking / adverse effects

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[Cites] Cancer Res. 1983 Mar;43(3):1251-5 [6297722.001]

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(PMID = 16849526.001).

[ISSN] 1470-7926

[Journal-full-title] Occupational and environmental medicine

[ISO-abbreviation] Occup Environ Med

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Comment; Journal Article

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 1332-21-4 / Asbestos

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2078131

   

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The variables considered were the following: age; sex; type of disease; elective or emergency surgery; type of surgery; type, design and site (intra or extra peritoneal) of the anastomosis; stapled or manual anastomosis; distance from anal verge of the colorectal anastomosis; intraoperative complications; protective stoma.

Significant factors were: the type of surgery (higher risk after restorative proctocolectomy or rectal resection), the site extra peritoneal of the anastomosis, the type of the anastomosis (higher risk after coloanal or ileal-pouch anal or colorectal), the stapled anastomosis, the intraoperative complications.

[MeSH-major] Colon / surgery. Colorectal Neoplasms / surgery. Proctocolectomy, Restorative. Rectum / surgery. Surgical Wound Dehiscence / etiology

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Anal Canal / surgery. Anastomosis, Surgical. Female. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Retrospective Studies. Risk Assessment. Treatment Outcome

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(PMID = 18019632.001).

[ISSN] 0009-4773

[Journal-full-title] Chirurgia italiana

[ISO-abbreviation] Chir Ital

[Language] ita

[Publication-type] English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Italy

   

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RESULTS: A total of 77 out of 78 patients in the SST group had Astler Coller B and C disease while the number was 132/138 in the DST group.

The mean distance of the tumor from anal verge was 7.6 cm (2.5-15 cm) and 8.0 cm (4-15 cm) in the DST and SST groups, respectively.

The observed improvement of surgical outcomes with DST needs further studies to significantly prove these findings in a population where the tumors at presentation are predominantly Astler Coller Stage B and C.

[MeSH-major] Adenocarcinoma / surgery. Rectal Neoplasms / surgery. Rectum / surgery. Surgical Stapling

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(PMID = 17374176.001).

[ISSN] 1477-7819

[Journal-full-title] World journal of surgical oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] World J Surg Oncol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] England

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC1839092

[General-notes] NLM/ Original DateCompleted: 20070726

   

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[Title] Colorectal cancer and inflammatory bowel disease: epidemiology, risk factors, mechanisms of carcinogenesis and prevention strategies.

Patients with long-standing ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease have an increased risk of developing colorectal cancer and patients with small intestinal Crohn's disease are at increased risk of small bowel adenocarcinoma.

Colorectal cancer appearing on the ground of inflammatory bowel disease is the result of a process which is believed to begin from no dysplasia progressing to indefinite dysplasia, low-grade dysplasia, high-grade dysplasia and finally to invasive adenocarcinoma, although colorectal cancer can arise without proceeding through each of these steps.

Ulcerative colitis patients with total proctocolectomy and ileal pouch anal-anastomosis have a rather low risk of dysplasia in the ileal pouch, although the anal transition zone should be monitored periodically, especially if chronic pouchitis is present with associated severe villous atrophy.

Concerning the risk factors predisposing to colorectal cancer in the setting of ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease, it seems that the risk increases with longer duration and greater anatomic extent of colitis, the degree of inflammation, and the presence of primary sclerosing cholangitis and family history of colorectal cancer.

[MeSH-major] Cell Transformation, Neoplastic. Colorectal Neoplasms / epidemiology. Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / epidemiology

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(PMID = 19596953.001).

[ISSN] 1791-7530

[Journal-full-title] Anticancer research

[ISO-abbreviation] Anticancer Res.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] Greece

[Number-of-references] 94

   

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[Title] Perianal granular cell tumor: report of a case and review of the literature.

INTRODUCTION: Granular cell tumor was first described by Abrikossoff in 1926.

Over the years several cases of this neoplasm have been reported, with a variety of localizations.

We here report a case of perianal granular cell tumor and discuss its histogenesis and its relevance to clinical practice.

Pathological examination revealed a granular cell tumor.

A literature search produced only 25 other cases of anal and perianal granular cell tumors.

CONCLUSIONS: Granular cell tumors are rarely observed in the perianal region.

Their existence must always be borne in mind in the differential diagnosis of perianal neoplasms.

In most cases surgical excision is curative, but potential malignant transformation must be considered during therapeutic procedures and follow-up.

[MeSH-major] Anus Neoplasms / pathology

[MeSH-minor] Female. Granular Cell Tumor / pathology. Granular Cell Tumor / surgery. Humans. Middle Aged

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(PMID = 19856672.001).

[ISSN] 0300-8916

[Journal-full-title] Tumori

[ISO-abbreviation] Tumori

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] United States

[Number-of-references] 21

   

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[Title] Urothelial changes induced by therapeutic procedures for bladder cancer.

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[CommentOn] Anal Quant Cytol Histol. 2005 Feb;27(1):27-34 [15794449.001]

(PMID = 17220148.001).

[ISSN] 0884-6812

[Journal-full-title] Analytical and quantitative cytology and histology

[ISO-abbreviation] Anal. Quant. Cytol. Histol.

[Language] ENG

[Publication-type] Comment; Letter

[Publication-country] United States

   

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[Title] Assessing the impact of FDG-PET in the management of anal cancer.

PURPOSE: To assess the utility of FDG-PET in anal cancer for staging and impact on radiotherapy planning (RTP), response and detection of recurrent disease.

METHODS AND MATERIALS: Fifty histopathological anal cancer patients were reviewed between 1996 and 2006.

Impact on management, disease response, recurrence and metastases was evaluated.

The primary was strongly FDG avid in 98% with non-excised tumors compared to CT (58%).

PET upstaged 17% with unsuspected pelvic/inguinal nodal disease.

CONCLUSIONS: Anal cancer is FDG-PET avid.

PET can aid in anal cancer staging and identification of residual disease, recurrent/metastatic disease but warrants further prospective studies.

[MeSH-major] Anus Neoplasms / radionuclide imaging. Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / radionuclide imaging. Fluorodeoxyglucose F18. Positron-Emission Tomography. Radiopharmaceuticals

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(PMID = 18453023.001).

[ISSN] 0167-8140

[Journal-full-title] Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] Radiother Oncol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] Ireland

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Radiopharmaceuticals; 0Z5B2CJX4D / Fluorodeoxyglucose F18

   

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[Title] Regulation of SIRT1 in cellular functions: role of polyphenols.

Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is known to deacetylate histones and non-histone proteins including transcription factors thereby regulating metabolism, stress resistance, cellular survival, cellular senescence/aging, inflammation-immune function, endothelial functions, and circadian rhythms.

Naturally occurring dietary polyphenols, such as resveratrol, curcumin, quercetin, and catechins, have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties via modulating different pathways, such as NF-kappaB- and mitogen activated protein kinase-dependent signaling pathways.

In addition, these polyphenols have also been shown to activate SIRT1 directly or indirectly in a variety of models.

Therefore, activation of SIRT1 by polyphenols is beneficial for regulation of calorie restriction, oxidative stress, inflammation, cellular senescence, autophagy/apoptosis, autoimmunity, metabolism, adipogenesis, circadian rhythm, skeletal muscle function, mitochondria biogenesis and endothelial dysfunction.

In this review, we describe the regulation of SIRT1 by dietary polyphenols in various cellular functions in response to environmental and pro-inflammatory stimuli.

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[Copyright] 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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(PMID = 20450879.001).

[ISSN] 1096-0384

[Journal-full-title] Archives of biochemistry and biophysics

[ISO-abbreviation] Arch. Biochem. Biophys.

[Language] ENG

[Grant] United States / NHLBI NIH HHS / HL / R01 HL092842-02; United States / NHLBI NIH HHS / HL / R01 HL085613-02W1; United States / NHLBI NIH HHS / HL / R01 HL085613-01A2; United States / NHLBI NIH HHS / HL / R01 HL085613-03; United States / NIEHS NIH HHS / ES / P30 ES001247; United States / NHLBI NIH HHS / HL / 1R01HL097751; United States / NHLBI NIH HHS / HL / R01 HL085613-04; United States / NHLBI NIH HHS / HL / R01 HL085613; United States / NHLBI NIH HHS / HL / R01 HL092842; United States / NHLBI NIH HHS / HL / R01 HL097751-02; United States / NIEHS NIH HHS / ES / P30-ES01247; United States / NHLBI NIH HHS / HL / R01 HL092842-01A2; United States / NHLBI NIH HHS / HL / 1R01HL092842; United States / NHLBI NIH HHS / HL / 1R01HL085613; United States / NHLBI NIH HHS / HL / R01 HL097751; United States / NHLBI NIH HHS / HL / R01 HL097751-01; United States / NHLBI NIH HHS / HL / R01 HL085613-02

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Review

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Flavonoids; 0 / Phenols; 0 / Polyphenols; 0U46U6E8UK / NAD; EC 2.4.2.30 / Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases; EC 3.5.1.- / Sirtuin 1

[Number-of-references] 230

[Other-IDs] NLM/ NIHMS208121; NLM/ PMC2930135

   

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[Title] Localized volume effects for late rectal and anal toxicity after radiotherapy for prostate cancer.

PURPOSE: To identify dosimetric parameters derived from anorectal, rectal, and anal wall dose distributions that correlate with different late gastrointestinal (GI) complications after three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy for prostate cancer.

The variables derived from dose-volume histogram of anorectal, rectal, and anal wall were as follows: % receiving > or =5-70 Gy (V5-V70), maximum dose (Dmax), and mean dose (D(mean)).

The anus was defined as the most caudal 3 cm of the anorectum.

RESULTS: Anal dosimetric variables were associated with RTOG/EORTC Grade > or =2 (V5-V40, D(mean)) and incontinence (V5-V70, D(mean)).

Use of steroids was weakly related to anal variables.

Therefore, to evaluate the risk of late GI toxicity, not only intermediate and high doses to the anorectal wall volume should be taken into account, but also the dose to the anal wall.

[MeSH-major] Anal Canal / radiation effects. Prostatic Neoplasms / radiotherapy. Radiotherapy, Conformal / adverse effects. Rectum / radiation effects

Genetic Alliance. consumer health - Anal Cancer.

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(PMID = 16414208.001).

[ISSN] 0360-3016

[Journal-full-title] International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics

[ISO-abbreviation] Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Clinical Trial, Phase III; Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

   

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We have performed a low anterior resection for rectal cancer in a 69-year-old woman with mobilisation of the tumour and anastomosis performed transvaginally without a covering stoma.

This way we could get good exposure of the lower rectum and anal sphincters.

[MeSH-major] Adenocarcinoma / surgery. Digestive System Surgical Procedures / methods. Rectal Neoplasms / surgery. Vagina

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[Cites] Ann Surg. 1996 Nov;224(5):603-8 [8916875.001]

[Cites] Colorectal Dis. 2004 Jul;6(4):275-9 [15206973.001]

[Cites] Dis Colon Rectum. 1996 May;39(5):582-3 [8620813.001]

[Cites] Rozhl Chir. 1983 Mar;62(3):176-80 [6845034.001]

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(PMID = 18512019.001).

[ISSN] 1123-6337

[Journal-full-title] Techniques in coloproctology

[ISO-abbreviation] Tech Coloproctol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Italy

   

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Biopsy of newly developing lesions in the peristomal area of long-standing stomas is essential in order to avoid delayed diagnosis and limit complications.

The lesion was removed surgically, an ileo-anal J pouch was created, and the patient is currently receiving long-term follow-up and monitoring for any possible future complications.

[MeSH-major] Adenocarcinoma / complications. Colitis, Ulcerative / surgery. Ileostomy / adverse effects. Skin Neoplasms / complications

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(PMID = 20093717.001).

[ISSN] 1943-2720

[Journal-full-title] Ostomy/wound management

[ISO-abbreviation] Ostomy Wound Manage

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

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[Title] Detection of neuroendocrine tumors of the small bowel by double balloon enteroscopy.

BACKGROUND: Neuroendocrine tumors (NET) account for one-third of all small bowel neoplasms.

The search for the primary tumor in NET is important, even though it is difficult to localize, as its surgical excision leads to a better prognosis, even in metastasized stages of the disease.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of double balloon enteroscopy (DBE) for the detection of the primary tumor in patients with NET.

METHODS: Twelve consecutive patients (eight women, four men) with suspected carcinoid syndrome, either metastatic to the liver (n=5), symptoms of a neuroendocrine tumor with elevated tumor markers (n=5), or obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (n=2) underwent DBE for the search of the primary tumor or the source of bleeding.

The CT scan and sonography of the abdomen as well as EGD and ileocolonoscopy were unable to detect the primary tumor in any patient.

A submucosal tumor of the ileum or the jejunum could be detected by DBE was detected in seven patients (58%) (anal route, n=4; oral route, n=3).

In four of these patients (33%) this finding could be confirmed by the surgical resection of a NET.

In two patients (17%) with a submucosal ileum protrusion suspicious for NET, laparotomy and intraoperative endoscopy did not confirm the tumor.

CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the diagnostic yield of DBE for primary tumor search in patients with metastatic or suspected NET was 33%.

Although endoscopic small bowel investigation by DBE seems to enrich the diagnostic possibilities for the diagnosis of small bowel-NET, at the present time DBE should only be performed in selected cases, possibly based on a positive previous work-up.

[MeSH-major] Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal / methods. Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / etiology. Intestinal Neoplasms / pathology. Intestine, Small / pathology. Liver Neoplasms / secondary. Malignant Carcinoid Syndrome / pathology. Neuroendocrine Tumors / pathology

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[Cites] Neuroendocrinology. 2004;80(6):394-424 [15838182.001]

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(PMID = 18770038.001).

[ISSN] 1573-2568

[Journal-full-title] Digestive diseases and sciences

[ISO-abbreviation] Dig. Dis. Sci.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Evaluation Studies; Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Radiopharmaceuticals; RWM8CCW8GP / Octreotide

   

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Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection causes cervical cancer, a significant portion of anal, vulvar, vaginal, and oropharyngeal cancers, genital warts, and recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP).

Together these four types cause 30-50% of all cervical intraepithelial neoplasia such as those detected by Papinicalou screening.

[MeSH-major] Genital Neoplasms, Female / prevention & control. Papillomavirus Vaccines / therapeutic use

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Animals. Condylomata Acuminata / immunology. Condylomata Acuminata / prevention & control. Cost of Illness. Female. Humans. Immunization Programs. Male. Neoplasms, Squamous Cell / immunology. Neoplasms, Squamous Cell / pathology. Neoplasms, Squamous Cell / prevention & control. Papillomavirus Infections / economics. Papillomavirus Infections / transmission. Rectal Neoplasms / immunology. Rectal Neoplasms / prevention & control. Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / immunology. Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / pathology. Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / prevention & control. Vaginal Neoplasms / immunology. Vaginal Neoplasms / pathology. Vaginal Neoplasms / prevention & control. Vulvar Neoplasms / immunology. Vulvar Neoplasms / pathology. Vulvar Neoplasms / prevention & control. Young Adult

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(PMID = 18694795.001).

[ISSN] 0264-410X

[Journal-full-title] Vaccine

[ISO-abbreviation] Vaccine

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] Netherlands

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Papillomavirus Vaccines

[Number-of-references] 116

   

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Nevertheless, all progress in the development of oncologic therapy (i.e., radiation and chemotherapy), radical surgical removal of the tumour is the only chance for permanent cure of rectal cancer.

Information concerning the depth of tumour penetration through the rectal wall, lymph node involvement, and presence of distant metastatic disease is of crucial importance when planning a curative rectal cancer resection.

Laparoscope-assisted anal sphincter-preserving operation preceded by transanal procedure.

Colorectal Disease 2003;5:451-3; Rullier E, Sa Cunha A, Couderc P, Rullier A, Gontier R, Saric J.

Laparoscopic ultralow anterior resection combined with per anum intersphincteric rectal dissection for lower rectal cancer.

Hopefully, randomized controlled trials, which utilize these alternative procedures, will in future determine the results of laparoscopic ISR in terms of sphincter function, faecal continence, disease free and overall survival.

[MeSH-major] Anal Canal / surgery. Digestive System Surgical Procedures / methods. Laparoscopy. Rectal Neoplasms / surgery

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(PMID = 18023571.001).

[ISSN] 0960-7404

[Journal-full-title] Surgical oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] Surg Oncol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] Netherlands

   

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Although once reserved for the diagnosis of unresectable renal cell carcinoma, metastases, lymphoma, and infection, today percutaneous image-guided biopsy has an expanded role.

There is increasing awareness that a substantial proportion of small, solid renal masses are benign neoplasms.

Based largely on advances in cytological techniques, percutaneous biopsy can be now be used to diagnose benign neoplasms and thus prevent them from being treated unnecessarily.

[MeSH-major] Biopsy, Needle / methods. Kidney Neoplasms / pathology

[MeSH-minor] Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted / methods. Diagnosis, Differential. Humans. Kidney Diseases / pathology. Patient Selection. Sensitivity and Specificity

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(PMID = 19602467.001).

[ISSN] 1470-7330

[Journal-full-title] Cancer imaging : the official publication of the International Cancer Imaging Society

[ISO-abbreviation] Cancer Imaging

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] England

[Number-of-references] 112

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2739685

   

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A minimum of 100 nuclei per lesion were examined.

The statistical analysis revealed statistically significant differences between benign and malignant neoplasms.

The results indicated that computer-assisted nuclear morphometry could be used as an additional method for differentiation of benign from malignant canine mammary gland tumours in cytological specimens.

[MeSH-major] Cell Nucleus. Cytological Techniques / veterinary. Dog Diseases / pathology. Histological Techniques / veterinary. Mammary Neoplasms, Animal / pathology

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(PMID = 17221362.001).

[ISSN] 0165-7380

[Journal-full-title] Veterinary research communications

[ISO-abbreviation] Vet. Res. Commun.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] Netherlands

   

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[Title] [Paraneoplastic hypercalcemia associated with a rectal epidermoid tumor in a patient with a long-standing anal fistula].

[Transliterated title] Hipercalcemia paraneoplásica asociada a una tumoración epidermoide rectal en una paciente con fístula anal de larga duración.

[MeSH-major] Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / complications. Hypercalcemia / etiology. Paraneoplastic Syndromes / etiology. Rectal Fistula / complications. Rectal Neoplasms / complications

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(PMID = 20381202.001).

[ISSN] 0210-5705

[Journal-full-title] Gastroenterología y hepatología

[ISO-abbreviation] Gastroenterol Hepatol

[Language] spa

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Letter

[Publication-country] Spain

   

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Statistically significantly elevated SIRs were also observed for anal cancer (SIR = 33.4, 95% CI = 10.5 to 78.6); Hodgkin lymphoma (SIR = 17.3, 95% CI = 10.2 to 27.4); cancers of the cervix (SIR = 8.0, 95% CI = 2.9 to 17.4); liver (SIR = 7.0, 95% CI = 2.2 to 16.5); lip, mouth, and pharynx (SIR = 4.1, 95% CI = 2.1 to 7.4); trachea, lung, and bronchus (SIR = 3.2, 95% CI = 1.7 to 5.4); and skin, nonmelanomatous (SIR = 3.2, 95% CI = 2.2 to 4.5).

[MeSH-major] Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active. CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes. HIV Infections / complications. HIV Infections / drug therapy. Neoplasms / epidemiology. Neoplasms / etiology. Smoking / adverse effects

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Cohort Studies. Confounding Factors (Epidemiology). Female. Humans. Incidence. Lymphocyte Count. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / epidemiology. Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / epidemiology. Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / virology. Male. Medical Record Linkage. Middle Aged. Odds Ratio. Papillomaviridae. Prospective Studies. Registries. Research Design. Risk Assessment. Risk Factors. Sarcoma, Kaposi / epidemiology. Sarcoma, Kaposi / virology. Switzerland / epidemiology. Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / epidemiology. Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / virology

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[CommentIn] J Natl Cancer Inst. 2005 Mar 16;97(6):407-9 [15769998.001]

(PMID = 15770006.001).

[ISSN] 1460-2105

[Journal-full-title] Journal of the National Cancer Institute

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Natl. Cancer Inst.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

   

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METHODS: From October 1996 to October 2006, 508 cases with rectal carcinoma at or below the peritoneal reflection with potential to preserve the anal function were divided into two groups.

Of the patients, 365 cases underwent ultralow anterior excision and instrumental anastomosis, and 143 cases underwent manual colon-anal anastomosis (Parks operation).

In the Parks operation group, the anastomosis was carried out manually at the anus and in abdominal cavity.

[MeSH-major] Anastomosis, Surgical / methods. Rectal Neoplasms / surgery

[MeSH-minor] Anal Canal / surgery. Follow-Up Studies. Humans. Treatment Outcome

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(PMID = 19094730.001).

[ISSN] 0529-5815

[Journal-full-title] Zhonghua wai ke za zhi [Chinese journal of surgery]

[ISO-abbreviation] Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi

[Language] chi

[Publication-type] English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] China

   

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[Title] The prognostic value of hemoglobin in patients with anal cancer treated with chemoradiotherapy.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of hemoglobin level on clinical outcome (local response, progression-free survival, and overall survival) in patients with carcinoma of the anal canal treated with definitive chemoradiotherapy.

METHODS: This is a retrospective study of patients with anal cancer treated between 1992 and 2005 with definitive chemoradiotherapy at Tom Baker Cancer Centre.

The median age was 56 years, the male-to-female ratio was 1:2, and the median tumor size was 3.5 cm.

CONCLUSIONS: Hemoglobin status was correlated with progression-free and overall survival, and distant relapse, but not clinical response, in patients with carcinoma of the anal canal treated with chemoradiotherapy.

[MeSH-major] Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use. Anus Neoplasms / blood. Hemoglobins / metabolism

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Biomarkers, Tumor / blood. Female. Follow-Up Studies. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Neoplasm Staging. Prognosis. Radiotherapy, Adjuvant. Retrospective Studies

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(PMID = 20628275.001).

[ISSN] 1530-0358

[Journal-full-title] Diseases of the colon and rectum

[ISO-abbreviation] Dis. Colon Rectum

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antineoplastic Agents; 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / Hemoglobins

   

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[Title] [Ano-genital papillomavirus infections in women].

[Transliterated title] Lésions ano-génitales a papillomavirus chez la femme.

Ano-genital papillomavirus infections in women are caused by high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPV) involved in cervical carcinogenesis (but also, to a lesser extent, in vaginal, vulvar and anal carcinogenesis) or by low-risk HPV responsible for condylomata acuminata, which may be peri-anal, perineal, vulvar or vaginal (less often cervical).

[MeSH-major] Papillomavirus Infections / transmission. Uterine Cervical Dysplasia / virology. Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / virology

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(PMID = 17243387.001).

[ISSN] 0035-2640

[Journal-full-title] La Revue du praticien

[ISO-abbreviation] Rev Prat

[Language] fre

[Publication-type] English Abstract; Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] France

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Papillomavirus Vaccines

[Number-of-references] 17

   

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AIM: To investigate the feasibility and safety of monopolar electrocautery shovel (ES) in laparoscopic total mesorectal excision (TME) with anal sphincter preservation for rectal cancer in order to reduce the cost of the laparoscopic operation, and to compare ES with the ultrasonically activated scalpel (US).

METHODS: Forty patients with rectal cancer, who underwent laparoscopic TME with anal sphincter preservation from June 2005 to June 2007, were randomly divided into ultrasonic scalpel group and monopolar ES group, prospectively.

White blood cells (WBC) were measured before and after operation, operative time, blood loss, pelvic volume of drainage, time of anal exhaust, visual analogue scales (VAS) and surgery-related complications were recorded.

No significant differences were observed in terms of preoperative and postoperative d 1 and d 3 WBC counts (P=0.493, P=0.375, P=0.559), operation time (P=0.235), blood loss (P=0.296), anal exhaust time (P=0.431), pelvic drainage volume and VAS in postoperative d 1 (P=0.431, P=0.426) and d 3 (P=0.844, P=0.617) between ES group and US group.

CONCLUSION: ES is a safe and feasible tool as same as US used in laparoscopic TME with anal sphincter preservation for rectal cancer on the basis of the skillful laparoscopic technique and the complete understanding of laparoscopic pelvic anatomy.

[MeSH-major] Digestive System Surgical Procedures / instrumentation. Electrocoagulation / instrumentation. Laparoscopy. Rectal Neoplasms / surgery. Ultrasonography, Interventional / instrumentation

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[Cites] Surg Today. 2005;35(7):598-602 [15976960.001]

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(PMID = 18609692.001).

[ISSN] 1007-9327

[Journal-full-title] World journal of gastroenterology

[ISO-abbreviation] World J. Gastroenterol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] China

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2725347

   

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They involve more specifically endocrine surgery, obesity, ovarian cancer, rectocele and cystic pancreatic neoplasia.

New techniques also emerge, such as electrical gastric stimulation for obesity or Stapled Trans Anal Rectal Resection (STARR) for anterior rectocele.

Accurate diagnosis criteria allow better management of cystic pancreatic neoplasia, especially to choose the best treatment of this condition.

[MeSH-minor] Bariatric Surgery. Endocrine Glands / surgery. Female. Humans. Ovarian Neoplasms / surgery. Pancreatic Neoplasms / surgery. Rectocele / surgery

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(PMID = 16463793.001).

[ISSN] 1660-9379

[Journal-full-title] Revue médicale suisse

[ISO-abbreviation] Rev Med Suisse

[Language] fre

[Publication-type] English Abstract; Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] Switzerland

[Number-of-references] 66

   

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[Title] Physiological study of anal sphincteric resection in an experimental porcine model.

This study was conducted to compare and evaluate the extent of anal sphincteric resection and the degree of anal dysfunction in sphincter saving operations for lower rectal cancer using experimental porcine models.

The anal maximum resting pressure (AMRP) decreased from 45.1 cmH(2)O in the control group to 14.8, 14.3 and 11.1 cmH(2)O one month after surgery, and to 15.2, 8.8 and 5.2 cmH(2)O three months after surgery, in the ISR, ESR-25% and ESR-50% groups, respectively.

The anal maximum squeezing pressure (AMSP) decreased from 81.7 cmH(2)O in the control group to 42.1, 40.1 and 41.1 cmH(2)O one month after surgery in the ISR, ESR-25% and ESR-50% groups, respectively.

Three months after surgery, the potential ratio of EMG was increased almost to the preoperative level both in the ISR and ESR-25% groups, but the ratio of the potential difference in the ESR-50% group with redness, sore and soiling around anus was 0.19 and significantly lower compared with other groups.

The results of this study indicate that porcine models with additional resection of less than one quarter of the external anal sphincter have little anal dysfunction.

[MeSH-major] Anal Canal / physiology. Anal Canal / surgery

[MeSH-minor] Animals. Defecation. Digestive System Surgical Procedures. Electromyography. Humans. Models, Animal. Rectal Neoplasms / physiopathology. Rectal Neoplasms / surgery. Swine. Swine, Miniature

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(PMID = 18981679.001).

[ISSN] 1881-2090

[Journal-full-title] The Kurume medical journal

[ISO-abbreviation] Kurume Med J

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] Japan

   

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[Title] [Transanal endoscopic microsurgery for rectal intraepithelial neoplasia and early rectal carcinoma].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical value of transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) for rectal intraepithelial neoplasia (IN) and early rectal carcinoma.

METHODS: Fifteen patients with rectal tumor were selected to undergo local excision by TEM.

The pre-operative diagnosis by biopsy and endoanal ultrasonography (EUS): rectal low-grade IN in 8 cases, high-grade IN in 4 and early rectal carcinoma in 3.

The average distance of tumors from the anal verge was 7.2(4-15) cm.

The average tumor size was 1.8(1-4) cm.

RESULTS: All the 15 rectal tumors were achieved complete excision (submucosal excision in 5, full-thickness excision in 10), and all the resection margins were clear.

The post-operative pathological diagnosis: rectal low-grade IN in 5 cases, high-grade IN in 6, early submucous invasive carcinoma (pT(1)) in 2, advanced carcinoma (pT(2)) in 2.

The diagnostic accuracy of EUS in assessing invasive depth of rectal tumor was 86.7% (13/15).

CONCLUSION: TEM is an ideal minimally invasive procedure for the treatment of rectal IN and early rectal carcinoma, with excellent exposure and accurate excision, providing a high-quality tumor specimen for pathological staging.

[MeSH-major] Anal Canal / surgery. Microsurgery. Rectal Neoplasms / surgery. Rectum / surgery

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(PMID = 18197492.001).

[ISSN] 1671-0274

[Journal-full-title] Zhonghua wei chang wai ke za zhi = Chinese journal of gastrointestinal surgery

[ISO-abbreviation] Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi

[Language] chi

[Publication-type] English Abstract; Evaluation Studies; Journal Article

[Publication-country] China