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[Title] Analysis of centrosome overduplication in correlation to cell division errors in high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated anal neoplasms.

High-risk HPV-associated anal neoplasms are difficult to treat and biomarkers of malignant progression are needed.

However, a detailed analysis of centrosome overduplication in primary HPV-associated neoplasms has not been performed so far.

Here, we determined the frequency of centrosome overduplication in HPV-associated anal lesions using a recently identified marker for mature maternal centrioles, Cep170.

Remarkably, centrosome overduplication, but not aberrant centrosome numbers per se or centrosome accumulation, correlated significantly with the presence of cell division errors.

In addition, our experiments revealed that in particular pseudo-bipolar mitoses may play a role in the propagation of chromosomal instability in high-risk HPV-associated tumors.

These results provide new insights into the role of centrosome aberrations in cell division errors and encourage further studies on centrosome overduplication as a predictive biomarker of malignant progression in HPV-associated anal lesions.

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(PMID = 18036631.001).

[ISSN] 0042-6822

[Journal-full-title] Virology

[ISO-abbreviation] Virology

[Language] ENG

[Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA112598-03; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA112598; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA 112598; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA112598-03

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Cep170 protein, human; 0 / Phosphoproteins; 0 / Tubulin

[Other-IDs] NLM/ NIHMS38243; NLM/ PMC2267749

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Transliterated title] Lesões anorretais em pacientes HIV positivos usuários de terapia anti-retroviral de alta efetividade.

Highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) has little influence on the progression of anal neoplasms.

Around 71% of the patients said they practiced anal intercourse.

The prevalence of anorectal lesions was 36.4%, and condyloma acuminata and anal fissure were the most frequent of these.

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(PMID = 17653462.001).

[ISSN] 0037-8682

[Journal-full-title] Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

[ISO-abbreviation] Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

[Language] por

[Publication-type] English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Brazil

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Improved screening for anal neoplasia by immunocytochemical detection of minichromosome maintenance proteins.

PURPOSE: Early detection of anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) and anal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) by screening will improve clinical outcome.

Assessment of anal cytology samples using routine Papanicolaou testing suffers from shortcomings in sensitivity and/or specificity, suggesting that screening tests based on biomarkers may be of value.

EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We undertook an initial immunohistochemical study of 54 anal tissue samples and validated our findings using an independent prospective cohort study of 235 anal cytology samples from 144 subjects.

RESULTS: In the progression from normal anal epithelium through AIN to SCC, there was increasing expression of MCM2 and MCM5, including in the superficial epithelial third, the source of the majority of cells collected by anal swab.

By immunocytochemistry using a mixture of anti-MCM2 and anti-MCM5 antibodies, immunopositive cells were readily identified in anal cytology samples, even at low magnification.

CONCLUSIONS: MCMs are promising biomarkers for improving detection of AIN and SCC in anal cytology samples.

[MeSH-major] Anus Neoplasms / diagnosis. Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / diagnosis. Cell Cycle Proteins / metabolism. Nuclear Proteins / metabolism

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Disease Progression. Female. Humans. Immunoenzyme Techniques. Ki-67 Antigen / metabolism. Male. Middle Aged. Minichromosome Maintenance Complex Component 2. Prospective Studies. Sensitivity and Specificity

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(PMID = 18843031.001).

[ISSN] 1055-9965

[Journal-full-title] Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev.

[Language] eng

[Grant] United Kingdom / Medical Research Council / / MC/ U105359875; United Kingdom / Medical Research Council / / MC/ U105359878; United Kingdom / Cancer Research UK / / ; United Kingdom / Medical Research Council / /

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Cell Cycle Proteins; 0 / Ki-67 Antigen; 0 / MCM5 protein, human; 0 / Nuclear Proteins; EC 3.6.4.12 / Minichromosome Maintenance Complex Component 2

   

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[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] [Anal cytology as a screening method for early detection of anal cancer: are hydrophilic cotton smears really unsatisfactory?].

[Transliterated title] Citologia anal como método de rastreamento para a detecção precoce do cancer anal: esfregaços com algodão hidrófilo são mesmo insatisfatórios?

METHODS: 318 consecutive patients were examined at the Ambulatório Araújo Lima of Hospital Universitario Getúlio Vargas in the Anal Cancer Prevention Week and were sampled for the performance of analpap.

The ability of cotton in producing satisfactory anal cytologic readings as compared to dacron and cytologic brush was analised.

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(PMID = 15810472.001).

[ISSN] 0102-8650

[Journal-full-title] Acta cirurgica brasileira

[ISO-abbreviation] Acta Cir Bras

[Language] POR

[Publication-type] Clinical Trial; English Abstract; Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial

[Publication-country] Brazil

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Colorectal and anal neoplasms following liver transplantation.

OBJECTIVE: Liver transplantation (LT) is the treatment of choice for end-stage liver disease.

Data on neoplasms of the colon, rectum and anus in LT are limited.

METHOD: A retrospective evaluation of the incidence and clinical course of colorectal and anal malignancies and colonic polyps in a series of 467 consecutive LTs in 402 individuals between 1998 and 2001 was performed.

RESULTS: During a median follow up of 5.2 years, three colon adenocarcinomas, one EBV associated cecal posttransplant lymphoproliferative tumour and two HPV associated anal tumours were identified.

Patients with alcoholic liver disease had a significantly higher rate of adenoma formation (50.0% vs 11.1%, P < 0.001).

No patient died from colorectal/anal malignancy.

Viral-associated malignancies, including post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders and anal cancer, are important entities in the LT population suggesting that complete screening of the colon, rectum and anus including pre-LT and post-LT colonoscopy should be utilized.

[MeSH-major] Anus Neoplasms / epidemiology. Colonic Neoplasms / epidemiology. Immunosuppression / adverse effects. Liver Transplantation

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(PMID = 19508543.001).

[ISSN] 1463-1318

[Journal-full-title] Colorectal disease : the official journal of the Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland

[ISO-abbreviation] Colorectal Dis

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article

[Publication-country] England

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] [Conservative treatment undifferentiated neuroendocrine tumors of the anal canal: two cases].

[Transliterated title] Traitement conservateur des tumeurs endocrines peu différenciées du canal anal.

Undifferentiated neuroendocrine tumors are rare, and are characteristically aggressive with a poor prognosis.

Most patients have metastatic disease at diagnosis, and cannot undergo curative surgical treatment.

We report two cases of poorly differentiated neuroendocrine tumors localized in the anal canal and treated by chemotherapy and radiotherapy resulting in prolonged complete local remission and preventing extended surgical excision.

[MeSH-major] Anus Neoplasms / therapy. Brain Neoplasms / secondary. Neuroendocrine Tumors / therapy

[MeSH-minor] Adrenal Cortex Hormones / therapeutic use. Aged. Anal Canal / pathology. Antineoplastic Agents / administration & dosage. Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use. Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / administration & dosage. Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / therapeutic use. Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use. Biopsy. Cisplatin / administration & dosage. Cisplatin / therapeutic use. Combined Modality Therapy. Etoposide / administration & dosage. Etoposide / therapeutic use. Female. Follow-Up Studies. Humans. Male. Radiotherapy Dosage. Remission Induction. Time Factors

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(PMID = 17483787.001).

[ISSN] 0399-8320

[Journal-full-title] Gastroentérologie clinique et biologique

[ISO-abbreviation] Gastroenterol. Clin. Biol.

[Language] fre

[Publication-type] Case Reports; English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] France

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Adrenal Cortex Hormones; 0 / Antineoplastic Agents; 0 / Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; 6PLQ3CP4P3 / Etoposide; Q20Q21Q62J / Cisplatin

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] [Anal cancer and sexually transmitted diseases: what is the correlation?].

[Transliterated title] Câncer anal e doenças sexualmente transmissíveis: qual a correlação?

OBJECTIVE: Anal cancer is a rare tumor, which incidence is influenced by sexual behavior.

The purpose of this paper is to verify the correlation between anal cancer and sexually transmitted diseases, such as HPV, HIV, Gonococci infection, Chlamydia infection, syphilis and others.

METHODS: All the internments due to anal cancer, HIV, HPV, syphilis, Gonococci infection, Chlamydia infection and other sexually transmitted diseases in public healthy in Brazil were collected at Datasus site between 1998 and 2007.

RESULTS: There was a high correlation between anal cancer and HPV admissions (r=0.98, p<0.001).

There was negative correlation between anal cancer and Gonococci infection admissions (r=-0.81, p=0.005) and anal cancer and Chlamydia infection (r=-0.74, p=0.014).

There was not statistic significant correlation between anal cancer and HIV admissions (r=0.40, p=0.245), between anal cancer and other sexually transmitted diseases (r=0.55, p=0.1), and between anal cancer and syphilis (r=-0.61, p=0.059).

CONCLUSION: There was a high positive correlation between anal cancer and HPV admissions in Brazil.

There were negative correlations between anal cancer and Gonococci infection and between anal cancer and Chlamydia infection admissions.

[MeSH-major] Anus Neoplasms / complications. Anus Neoplasms / epidemiology. Sexually Transmitted Diseases / complications. Sexually Transmitted Diseases / epidemiology

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(PMID = 21085842.001).

[ISSN] 1809-4546

[Journal-full-title] Revista do Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões

[ISO-abbreviation] Rev Col Bras Cir

[Language] por

[Publication-type] English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Brazil

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] [Chemoradiotherapy and anal canal cancer].

[Transliterated title] Chimioradiothérapie des cancers du canal anal.

Local control and sphincter preservation are the two challenges of anal canal cancer treatment.

These tumors are radio- and chemo-sensitive and treatment moved from surgical approach, with abdominoperineal resection, to definitive radiation therapy with or without concurrent chemotherapy.

Indications of chemoradiotherapy are locally advanced tumor T2 > or = 4 cm, T3-4 or N1-3 but the best modalities of combined treatment are still under debate.

This article is a review of past randomised trials, phases II and retrospective study on radiochemotherapy of anal canal carcinoma.

[MeSH-major] Anus Neoplasms / drug therapy. Anus Neoplasms / radiotherapy

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(PMID = 16396750.001).

[ISSN] 1769-6917

[Journal-full-title] Bulletin du cancer

[ISO-abbreviation] Bull Cancer

[Language] fre

[Publication-type] English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] France

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Pyrimidines; 50SG953SK6 / Mitomycin; U3P01618RT / Fluorouracil

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Anal neoplasms.

A variety of lesions comprise tumors of the anal canal, with carcinoma in situ and epidermoid cancers being the most common.

Less common anal neoplasms include adenocarcinoma, melanoma, gastrointestinal stromal cell tumors, neuroendocrine tumors, and Buschke-Lowenstein tumors.

In this article different tumors and management of each, including a brief review of local excision for rectal cancer, are discussed in turn.

[MeSH-major] Anus Neoplasms / surgery

[MeSH-minor] Carcinoma in Situ / pathology. Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / pathology. Carcinoma, Verrucous / diagnosis. Carcinoma, Verrucous / pathology. Humans. Intestinal Mucosa / pathology. Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / surgery. Prognosis. Rectal Neoplasms / surgery

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[Copyright] Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

(PMID = 20109639.001).

[ISSN] 1558-3171

[Journal-full-title] The Surgical clinics of North America

[ISO-abbreviation] Surg. Clin. North Am.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] United States

[Number-of-references] 105

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] [Post-operative analgesia in case of ano-rectal diseases].

[Transliterated title] L'analgesia post-operatoria nel trattamento delle patologie ano-rettali.

BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was that to evaluate the post-operative pain in case of ano-rectal diseases wether treated by ketorolac, or buprenorphine or tramadol.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The intensity of post-operative pain was evaluated in 60 patients with hemorrhoidal diseases, fistulae, abscesses and anal neoplasms, divided into three homogenous groups and treated with intramuscular ketorolac (Group I), transdermal buprenorphine (Group II) and tramadol in elastomeric pump (Group III).

CONCLUSIONS: Better compliance and lower operating costs have given the preference to the use of transdermal buprenorphine for the treatment of diseases of the post-operative pain in the diseases of the anal canal.

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Aged. Analgesics, Opioid / therapeutic use. Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / therapeutic use. Anus Diseases / surgery. Buprenorphine / therapeutic use. Female. Humans. Ketorolac / therapeutic use. Male. Middle Aged. Tramadol / therapeutic use. Young Adult

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(PMID = 20476679.001).

[ISSN] 0003-469X

[Journal-full-title] Annali italiani di chirurgia

[ISO-abbreviation] Ann Ital Chir

[Language] ita

[Publication-type] English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Italy

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Analgesics, Opioid; 0 / Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; 39J1LGJ30J / Tramadol; 40D3SCR4GZ / Buprenorphine; YZI5105V0L / Ketorolac

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Length of human immunodeficiency virus disease and not immune status is a risk factor for development of anal carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: The anal epithelium is subject to dysplastic change in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

We sought to determine if the duration of HIV disease or the patient's immune status were associated with the development of anal carcinoma.

METHODS: HIV-positive patients diagnosed with anal neoplasms were reviewed.

RESULTS: Fourteen patients were identified, 7 with anal intraepithelial neoplasms (group 1) and 7 with anal carcinoma (group 2).

CONCLUSIONS: The most significant factor for the development of invasive anal carcinoma in patients with HIV is duration of disease.

As a result of improved long-term survival secondary to new HIV therapy, anal invasive carcinoma will become an increasing problem.

[MeSH-major] Anus Neoplasms / etiology. Carcinoma / etiology. HIV. HIV Infections / complications. Immune Tolerance / physiology

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Biopsy. CD4 Lymphocyte Count. Follow-Up Studies. HIV Antibodies / analysis. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Neoplasm Staging. RNA, Viral / analysis. Retrospective Studies. Risk Factors

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(PMID = 16226949.001).

[ISSN] 0002-9610

[Journal-full-title] American journal of surgery

[ISO-abbreviation] Am. J. Surg.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / HIV Antibodies; 0 / RNA, Viral

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

PURPOSE:. 1) To analyse for interchangeability of rigid sigmoidoscopy and MRI in determining the distance from anus to tumour, and to determine if anterior/posterior location influences this difference.

2) To analyse the effect of preoperative chemo-radiotherapy on the distance from anus to tumour.

RESULTS: The mean distance from the anal verge to the tumour measured by sigmoidoscopy was 82mm and by MRI 61mm (p<0.01).

The length of the tumours decreased by 16mm after neoadjuvant treatment, but the distance from tumour to anus increased by only 4mm. CONCLUSION:.

1) MRI and sigmoidoscopy are not interchangeable in determining the distance from anus to tumour simply by correcting for the length of the anal canal.

2) The gain in tumour free distance above the anus induced by neoadjuvant treatment is small.

[MeSH-major] Anal Canal / pathology. Magnetic Resonance Imaging / methods. Rectal Neoplasms / pathology. Sigmoidoscopy / methods

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(PMID = 19249188.001).

[ISSN] 1532-2157

[Journal-full-title] European journal of surgical oncology : the journal of the European Society of Surgical Oncology and the British Association of Surgical Oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] Eur J Surg Oncol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] England

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] [A case of squamous cell carcinoma of the anal cancer with associated human immunodeficiency virus].

He presented with an anal tumor with bilateral inguinal nodal metastasis and pain in the anus; the tumor was diagnosed as stage IIIb (cA1N2M0).

However, CT performed 2 years after the diagnosis showed a recurrence in the hilar and mediastinal lymph node.

However, the treatment response was graded as progressive disease, and the treatment was changed from CDDP to mitomycin C (MMC).

The patient developed non-hematologic toxicity and died within 3 years of the diagnosis.

We report a case of squamous cell carcinoma of the anus with associated HIV infection.

[MeSH-major] Anus Neoplasms / complications. Anus Neoplasms / therapy. Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / complications. Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / therapy. HIV Seropositivity / complications

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(PMID = 21224670.001).

[ISSN] 0385-0684

[Journal-full-title] Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer & chemotherapy

[ISO-abbreviation] Gan To Kagaku Ryoho

[Language] jpn

[Publication-type] Case Reports; English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Japan

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; 0 / Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; 0 / Antineoplastic Agents; 50SG953SK6 / Mitomycin; Q20Q21Q62J / Cisplatin; U3P01618RT / Fluorouracil

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Neither gastrointestinal endoscopy nor computed tomography showed by abnormal findings; however, a capsule endoscopy, performed to detect obscure gastrointestinal bleeding, revealed a tumor in the ileum.

When we tried to take biopsies of the ileal tumor by push enteroscopy via the anus, we found another tumor in the transverse colon.

On exploration, tumors were identified in the ileum and the transverse colon.

[MeSH-major] Adenocarcinoma / pathology. Capsule Endoscopy. Colonic Neoplasms / pathology. Ileal Neoplasms / pathology. Neoplasms, Multiple Primary / pathology

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(PMID = 16794807.001).

[ISSN] 0941-1291

[Journal-full-title] Surgery today

[ISO-abbreviation] Surg. Today

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Japan

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Human papillomavirus and anal neoplasia.

Anal cancer is a rare disease in the general population, but the incidence of anal cancer is higher in certain at-risk groups, such as men who have sex with men (MSM), and immunosuppressed individuals, including those with HIV infection.

Among HIV-positive MSM, the incidence of anal cancer may be as high as 10 times greater than current rates of cervical cancer in the general population of women.

Anal cancer is associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and may be preceded by high-grade anal intraepithelial neoplasia (HGAIN).

HGAIN and anal HPV infection are both highly prevalent in groups at risk for anal cancer.

Current issues include determining the effect of antiretroviral therapy on the natural history of HGAIN and the incidence of anal cancer, optimizing diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to HGAIN, and determining the potential for prophylactic HPV vaccines to prevent anal HPV infection and anal cancer in at-risk groups.

[MeSH-major] Anus Neoplasms. Carcinoma in Situ. Papillomavirus Infections

[MeSH-minor] Anus Diseases / epidemiology. Anus Diseases / virology. Female. HIV Infections / complications. Homosexuality, Male. Humans. Male. Papillomaviridae / isolation & purification

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(PMID = 18510893.001).

[ISSN] 1548-3568

[Journal-full-title] Current HIV/AIDS reports

[ISO-abbreviation] Curr HIV/AIDS Rep

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review

[Publication-country] United States

[Number-of-references] 57

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] [Fibroepithelial lesions of the anal canal: therapeutic technique with rubber band ligation].

[Transliterated title] Lesiones Fibroepiteliales del Canal Anal: alternativa terapéutica con ligadura de bandas elásticas.

When fibroepithelial lesions of the anal canal increase in size and bleed, they can produce tenesmus and a sensation of a foreign body in the anus.

In the Gastroenterology Department of the "Edgardo Rebagliati Martins" National Hospital (EsSALUD) between June 2000, and June, 2007, 16 patients with anal fibroepithelioma were included: 6 men and 10 women, with an average age of 44, aged between 21 to 75, and 44% aged 20 to 29.

All of these patients (100%) had anal tumors, 50% had prolapses, 28% had anal pain and, 12% intermittent slight bleeding.

Patients only required oral analgesics for the first hours after procedure; only one patient presented an acute anal fissure.

[MeSH-major] Anus Neoplasms / therapy. Neoplasms, Fibroepithelial / therapy

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(PMID = 18418455.001).

[ISSN] 1022-5129

[Journal-full-title] Revista de gastroenterología del Perú : órgano oficial de la Sociedad de Gastroenterología del Perú

[ISO-abbreviation] Rev Gastroenterol Peru

[Language] spa

[Publication-type] English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Peru

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] [Epidermoid anal carcinoma].

[Transliterated title] Carcinome epidermoïde anal.

Epidermoid carcinoma of the anus is a rare cancer, and conventionally affects elderly women.

Warning signs of anal cancer are often non-specific.

The evaluation assessment should include lung X-ray, abdominal CT scan, and often pelvis MNR or anal endosonography.

Key prognostic factors are infiltration of the initial tumour and presence of lymph node metastasis.

First-line treament of anal epidermoid carcinoma is radiotherapy, combined with chemotherapy for extensive forms.

[MeSH-major] Anus Neoplasms. Carcinoma, Squamous Cell

[MeSH-minor] Age Factors. Aged. Anal Canal / pathology. Biopsy. Combined Modality Therapy. Female. Homosexuality, Male. Humans. Lymphatic Metastasis. Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Male. Middle Aged. Neoplasm Staging. Prognosis. Radiotherapy Dosage. Risk Factors. Sex Factors

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(PMID = 19143150.001).

[ISSN] 0035-2640

[Journal-full-title] La Revue du praticien

[ISO-abbreviation] Rev Prat

[Language] fre

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] France

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Hypertrophic herpes simplex simulating anal neoplasia in AIDS patients: report of five cases.

The analysis of our patients suggests that herpes simplex virus, Types 1 and 2, may cause verrucous lesions simulating neoplasia in patients with AIDS using antiretroviral therapy.

[MeSH-major] Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / complications. Anus Neoplasms / diagnosis. Herpes Simplex / diagnosis

[MeSH-minor] Acyclovir / therapeutic use. Adult. Anal Canal / pathology. Diagnosis, Differential. Female. Humans. Hypertrophy. Immunohistochemistry. Inflammation. Male. Middle Aged. Recurrence

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(PMID = 16228826.001).

[ISSN] 0012-3706

[Journal-full-title] Diseases of the colon and rectum

[ISO-abbreviation] Dis. Colon Rectum

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] X4HES1O11F / Acyclovir

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Performance characteristics of anal cytology and human papillomavirus testing in patients with high-resolution anoscopy-guided biopsy of high-grade anal intraepithelial neoplasia.

PURPOSE: High-resolution anoscopy is colposcopy of the anus after applying 3 percent acetic acid.

High-resolution anoscopy with biopsy was used as the standard for detecting high-grade anal neoplasia and was compared to detection of high-grade anal neoplasia by anal cytology, human papillomavirus testing, or the combination.

A specimen was taken for anal cytology and human papillomavirus testing, followed by high-resolution anoscopy with biopsy of any lesions.

RESULTS: Ninety-one percent of HIV-positive and 57 percent of HIV-negative MSM had anal human papillomavirus infection.

In HIV-positive men the sensitivity of abnormal cytology to detect high-grade anal neoplasia was 87 percent, and in HIV-negative MSM it was 55 percent.

Among HIV-negative men, 9 of 20 cases of high-grade anal neoplasia would have been missed because cytology was negative, but the addition of human papillomavirus positivity increased sensitivity for the combination to 90 percent.

CONCLUSIONS: Sensitivity and specificity of anal cytology and human papillomavirus testing are different in HIV-positive and HIV-negative MSM for detecting high-grade anal neoplasia when patients have high-resolution anoscopy-guided biopsy of lesions.

High-resolution anoscopy is an effective tool for diagnosing high-grade anal neoplasia.

[MeSH-major] Anal Canal / pathology. Anus Neoplasms / diagnosis. Carcinoma in Situ / diagnosis. Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal. Papillomaviridae / isolation & purification. Papillomavirus Infections / diagnosis

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Anus Diseases / diagnosis. Anus Diseases / virology. Biopsy. Cytodiagnosis. HIV Seronegativity. HIV Seropositivity / complications. Homosexuality. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Polymerase Chain Reaction. Precancerous Conditions / diagnosis. Predictive Value of Tests. Sensitivity and Specificity

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(PMID = 19279418.001).

[ISSN] 1530-0358

[Journal-full-title] Diseases of the colon and rectum

[ISO-abbreviation] Dis. Colon Rectum

[Language] eng

[Grant] United States / NCRR NIH HHS / RR / 5 M01-RR-00079; United States / NIAID NIH HHS / AI / K23 AI054157; United States / NIAID NIH HHS / AI / R01 CA/AI 88739; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA54053; United States / NCRR NIH HHS / RR / UL1 RR024131-01

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] [Anal intraepithelial neoplasia].

[Transliterated title] Neoplasia intraepitelial anal.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is responsible for anal condylomata, anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) and anal squamous cell carcinoma.

AIN is a premalignant condition that can progress to invasive carcinoma through different grades of severity of the disease called AIN I, AIN II and AIN III.

The groups at risk are mainly patients with infection with human immunodeficiency virus, immunossuppressed patients and patients affected by HPV related diseases (e.g., cervical cancer or anal condyloma).

Accurate diagnosis of AIN lesions consists of accurate grading and disease extension.

Low grade AIN (AIN I) or in extensive lesions, follow-up is advised to determine the possible evolution to anal squamous cell carcinoma.

[MeSH-major] Anus Neoplasms / pathology. Carcinoma in Situ / pathology

[MeSH-minor] Anal Canal / pathology. Anal Canal / surgery. Humans

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(PMID = 17198654.001).

[ISSN] 0025-7753

[Journal-full-title] Medicina clínica

[ISO-abbreviation] Med Clin (Barc)

[Language] spa

[Publication-type] English Abstract; Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] Spain

[Number-of-references] 58

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] [Evaluation of neoadjuvant chemo-radiotherapy with locally advanced rectal cancer by comparing tumour volume before and after treatment].

The aim of the study was to compare the tumour volume reduction before and after the oncological therapy in relation to the change in the CEA value and to the outcome of the histopathological evaluation of response to the treatment.

The tumour volume before and after the CRT, percentage reduction in the tumour volume and the relation to the change in the CAE value and the histopathological evaluation were evaluated.

RESULTS: The distance between the anus and the tumour was from 3 to 15 centimetres, the average value being 8.1 centimetres.

In 5 cases the tumour was not histologically found in the resected specimen.

The average tumour volume before CRT was 32.48, range 10.3-88.5, after the CRT the average volume was 20.13, range 4.7-55.1.

This relation however has not been proved in the N value change.

Only in one-third of the evaluated patients was there a positive change in both T and N classification.

No relation between the CEA value and the tumour volume change has been proven.

[MeSH-major] Adenocarcinoma / drug therapy. Adenocarcinoma / radiotherapy. Neoadjuvant Therapy. Rectal Neoplasms / drug therapy. Rectal Neoplasms / radiotherapy

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(PMID = 21351419.001).

[ISSN] 0862-495X

[Journal-full-title] Klinická onkologie : casopis Ceské a Slovenské onkologické spolecnosti

[ISO-abbreviation] Klin Onkol

[Language] cze

[Publication-type] English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Czech Republic

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Anal intraepithelial neoplasia and anal cancer in dermatological practice.

Anal intraepithelial neoplasia is considered to be a precursor lesion of invasive anal cancer.

Human papillomaviruses are considered to be an important aetiological agent in both anal intraepithelial neoplasia and anal cancer.

Dermatologists are likely to encounter these conditions among the differential diagnoses to be considered in high-risk patients presenting with perianal and anal lesions.

Anal cancer rates are also increasing among the HIV-infected and HIV-non-infected population.

The successful treatment of anal intraepithelial neoplasia may reduce the risk of subsequent development of anal cancer.

However, current therapies for anal intraepithelial neoplasia may be associated with treatment-related morbidity and are not well validated.

It is currently not proven that they reduce the likelihood of the development of anal cancer.

Nevertheless, screening for anal intraepithelial neoplasia is being advocated for high-risk groups and may become standard dermatological care for these patients.

In view of recent developments in the understanding of this condition, this article reviews the current understanding of anal intraepithelial neoplasia and its treatment from a dermatological perspective.

[MeSH-major] Anus Neoplasms. Carcinoma in Situ. Carcinoma, Squamous Cell. Papillomavirus Infections

[MeSH-minor] Diagnosis, Differential. HIV Infections / complications. Humans. Papillomaviridae / pathogenicity

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(PMID = 17680964.001).

[ISSN] 0004-8380

[Journal-full-title] The Australasian journal of dermatology

[ISO-abbreviation] Australas. J. Dermatol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] Australia

[Number-of-references] 115

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] [Anal intraepithelial neoplasia: application of a diagnostic protocol in risk patients using anal cytology].

[Transliterated title] Neoplasia intraepitelial anal: resultados de la aplicación de un protocolo diagnóstico en pacientes de riesgo mediante el uso de citología anal.

INTRODUCTION: Anal intraepithelial neoplasia is a precursor condition of squamous anal carcinoma.

The aim of this study was to analyse the results of a diagnostics protocol of Anal Intraepithelial Neoplasia in high risk population using anal cytology.

PATIENTS AND METHOD: The protocol is based on a visit in the outpatient department, clinical interview, physical examination and anal cytology evaluated by Bethesda criteria.

The cross-sectional observational study was designed to study the anal smear results and their relationship with risk factors.

In the overall series, 25 patients have been diagnosed with abnormal anal cytology: 9 atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS), 15 low-grade and 1 high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions.

There were no significant associations between abnormal cytology results and the presence of anal condyloma (p = 0.22).

CONCLUSIONS: Our diagnostic protocol of anal intraepithelial neoplasia revealed 25% of patients with pre-invasive lesions of squamous anal cancer.

[MeSH-major] Anus Neoplasms / pathology. Carcinoma in Situ / pathology

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(PMID = 19303590.001).

[ISSN] 0009-739X

[Journal-full-title] Cirugía española

[ISO-abbreviation] Cir Esp

[Language] spa

[Publication-type] English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Spain

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] [Anal cancer].

[Transliterated title] Cancer du canal anal.

Anal canal epidermoid carcinomas represent 1.2% of digestive cancers and 6% of ano-rectal cancers.

For localized diseases, the treatment is based on radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy (5-FU and cisplatin or mitomycin), according to tumour and nodal extension.

The recommended treatment dose is 45 Gy in the anal canal, the mesorectum, pararectal lymph nodes, and inguinal lymph nodes.

An additional dose of 15 to 20 Gy is delivered in the initial tumour for good responders.

The objective of this work is to summarize the epidemiological and radio-anatomic and prognostic characteristics of this tumour.

[MeSH-major] Anus Neoplasms / radiotherapy. Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / radiotherapy. Radiotherapy Dosage

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[Copyright] Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

(PMID = 21129654.001).

[ISSN] 1769-6658

[Journal-full-title] Cancer radiothérapie : journal de la Société française de radiothérapie oncologique

[ISO-abbreviation] Cancer Radiother

[Language] fre

[Publication-type] English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] France

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] [Anal cancer and human papillomaviruses: a perspective based on the cervical cancer model].

[Transliterated title] Cancer anal et papillomavirus humains: une pathologie en miroir de celle du cancer du col utérin.

Anal cancer is a rare pathology in the general population but the incidence of this cancer has been on the rise for certain high-risk groups, such as homosexual men and immunodepressed subjects.

The incidence of anal cancer is 10 times higher in the HIV-positive population than in the female population in general.

In anal cancer, HPV16 is present in over 75% of the cases.

The prevalence of HPV in anal cancer is higher in women (90%) than in men (75%).

Squamous cervical and anal cancers have strong similarities founded on the causal association to HPV, in particular HPV16.

Recent data indicate that anti-HPV vaccination has a significant potential in preventing HPV infections, precancerous lesions, and anal cancer in the general population as well as in the high-risk groups.

[MeSH-major] Anus Neoplasms / epidemiology. Anus Neoplasms / virology. Human papillomavirus 16. Human papillomavirus 18. Papillomavirus Infections / epidemiology. Precancerous Conditions / virology. Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / epidemiology

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[Copyright] Copyright 2010 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

(PMID = 20362481.001).

[ISSN] 1769-6682

[Journal-full-title] Gynécologie, obstétrique & fertilité

[ISO-abbreviation] Gynecol Obstet Fertil

[Language] fre

[Publication-type] English Abstract; Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] France

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Papillomavirus Vaccines

[Number-of-references] 24

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] [Anal intraepithelial neoplasia and anal carcinoma: an increasing problem in HIV patients].

[Transliterated title] Anale intraepitheliale Neoplasie und Analkarzinom : Ein zunehmendes Problem bei Menschen mit HIV-Infektion.

Anal dysplasia is common in HIV patients, especially in HIV-positive men having sex with men (MSM).

High-grade anal dysplasia can progress to invasive anal cancer.

As in cervical carcinoma, there is a cause and effect relationship between anal cancer and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, especially with high-risk types such as HPV16.

Several experts have recommended screening programs for anal cancer, including anal cytology along the lines of the Pap smear in women.

Clinical inspection, lesion biopsy, and treatment of anal dysplasia are performed under high-resolution anoscopy.

Anal cancer is divided into cancer of the anal margin and cancer of the anal canal.

Early cancer of the anal margin is excised akin to squamous cell cancer of the exposed skin, whereas cancer of the anal canal is treated by radiochemotherapy.

Physicians working in the field of HIV/AIDS should regularly screen their patients for the presence of anal dysplasia and anal cancer.

Basic diagnostic workup includes clinical inspection of the perianal area, digital rectal examination, and anal cytology.

[MeSH-major] Anus Neoplasms / diagnosis. Anus Neoplasms / prevention & control. Carcinoma in Situ / virology. HIV Infections / complications. Precancerous Conditions / diagnosis. Precancerous Conditions / prevention & control

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(PMID = 19967333.001).

[ISSN] 1432-1173

[Journal-full-title] Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift fur Dermatologie, Venerologie, und verwandte Gebiete

[ISO-abbreviation] Hautarzt

[Language] ger

[Publication-type] English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Germany

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] [Curative salvage treatment of mediastinal and pleuropulmonar metastatis from anal canal cancer].

[Transliterated title] Chimioradiothérapie de rattrapage pour métastases médiastinales et pleuropulmonaires d'un cancer du canal anal.

This case report presents a 57 years-old woman treated for a squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal by radiochemotherapy and brachytherapy.

This observation is interesting for its curative treatment in metastatic cancer of the anal canal.

It also illustrates the radiosensibility of anal canal cancers, including metastatic situations, and raises the contribution of PET-scanner to evaluate the response to treatment and detect a recurrence.

[MeSH-major] Anus Neoplasms. Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / secondary. Mediastinal Neoplasms / secondary. Pleural Neoplasms / secondary. Salvage Therapy / methods

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(PMID = 19467897.001).

[ISSN] 1769-6658

[Journal-full-title] Cancer radiothérapie : journal de la Société française de radiothérapie oncologique

[ISO-abbreviation] Cancer Radiother

[Language] fre

[Publication-type] Case Reports; English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] France

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] [Definitive treatment of anal canal carcinoma with radiotherapy: adverse impact of a pre-radiation resection. A retrospective study of 57 patients treated with curative intent].

[Transliterated title] Radiothérapie à visée curative du carcinome du canal anal : impact défavorable d'une résection préalable. Etude rétrospective de 57 patients traités en intention curative.

PURPOSE: To describe retrospectively the overall survival, the cancer specific survival and the tumor control in an homogeneous series of patients with epidermoid carcinoma of the anal canal treated with definitive radiotherapy; to assess the impact of brachytherapy, chemotherapy and pre-radiotherapy resection on the risk of recurrence.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: From 1997 to 2007, 57 patients (pts) presenting with an epidermoid carcinoma of the anal canal (T1: 14, T2: 33, T3-4: 10, N0: 31, N1: 19, N2: 3, N3: 4, M0: 57) were treated with definitive radiotherapy by the same radiation oncologist.

Twelve pts had undergone a surgical resection of the tumour before radiotherapy.

In multivariate analysis, a pre-radiotherapy resection (p=0.084) had an inverse impact on the tumour control reaching the level of statistical significance and the use of a belly board was of marginal influence (p=0.13).

CONCLUSION: Radiotherapy and chemoradiation with cisplatine-based chemotherapy cure a vast majority of patients with epidermoid carcinoma of the anal canal.

[MeSH-major] Anal Canal / surgery. Anus Neoplasms / mortality. Anus Neoplasms / therapy. Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / mortality. Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / therapy

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use. Brachytherapy. Chemotherapy, Adjuvant. Cisplatin / therapeutic use. Dose Fractionation. Female. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / epidemiology. Patient Positioning. Retrospective Studies

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(PMID = 19854092.001).

[ISSN] 1769-6658

[Journal-full-title] Cancer radiothérapie : journal de la Société française de radiothérapie oncologique

[ISO-abbreviation] Cancer Radiother

[Language] fre

[Publication-type] English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] France

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antineoplastic Agents; Q20Q21Q62J / Cisplatin

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] [Outcome of treatment of anal squamous cell carcinoma and its precursor in HIV-infected patients].

[Transliterated title] Resultados do tratamento do carcinoma espinocelular anal e do seu precursor em doentes HIV-positivos.

OBJECTIVE: Incidence of anal squamous cell carcinoma is increasing mainly among HIV-positive patients.

Treatment consists of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, sometimes followed by tumor resection.

This is a report of cases treated at the "Instituto de Infectologia Emílio Ribas", Sao Paulo, Brazil.

Thirty patients had high grade anal intra-epithelial neoplasia (HAIN), treated with local resection, and 15 with anal canal invasive squamous cell carcinoma were first submitted to chemo radiation, while biopsies were obtained during follow-up.

[MeSH-major] Anus Neoplasms / therapy. Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / therapy. HIV Seropositivity. Neoplasm Recurrence, Local

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Biopsy. Female. Follow-Up Studies. Humans. Incidence. Male. Middle Aged. Neoplasm Staging. Treatment Failure. Treatment Outcome. Treatment Refusal / statistics & numerical data

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(PMID = 17823743.001).

[ISSN] 0104-4230

[Journal-full-title] Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira (1992)

[ISO-abbreviation] Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992)

[Language] por

[Publication-type] English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Brazil

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] [Long-term results and prognostic factors of squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal treated by irradiation].

[Transliterated title] Résultats à long terme et facteurs pronostiques des carcinomes épidermoïdes du canal anal traités par irradiation.

PURPOSE: To analyze the prognostic factors of loco regional control (LRC), specific survival (SS) and sphincter conservation (SC) of patients treated by curative and conservative irradiation for an epidermoid cancer of anal canal in our institution.

In multivariate analysis, tumor size (>or=40 mm) [RR=2.1], node involvement (RR=2.4), and poor response (<75%) to first course irradiation [RR=1.9], local relapse (RR=4.5) and distant metastases were factors of poor prognosis for SS.

Prognosis factors of LCR were tumor size (RR=2.5), response to first course of irradiation (RR=2.9).

Prognosis factors of SC were tumor size (RR=1.9) and response to first course of irradiation (RR=2.4).

As well as initial tumor extension, response to first course of irradiation was found as prognostic factor on LCR, SS, SC.

[MeSH-major] Anus Neoplasms / radiotherapy. Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / radiotherapy

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(PMID = 17400501.001).

[ISSN] 1278-3218

[Journal-full-title] Cancer radiothérapie : journal de la Société française de radiothérapie oncologique

[ISO-abbreviation] Cancer Radiother

[Language] fre

[Publication-type] English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] France

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] High resolution anoscopy in the planned staged treatment of anal squamous intraepithelial lesions in HIV-negative patients.

Anal dysplasia (low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, LSIL; high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, HSIL) is a challenging disease for the surgeon.

We reviewed 42 patients that underwent high-resolution anoscopy (HRA)-targeted surgical therapy of anal dysplasia in the past 10 years.

Patients were followed up in the Anal Neoplasia Clinic with physical examination, cytology, HRA, and biopsy if indicated.

Patients with disease amenable to local therapy were treated with office-based HRA-directed therapies.

HSIL was present in 33, with four undergoing planned staged treatment due to circumferential disease.

HRA-targeted surgical therapy coupled with surveillance and re-treatment with office-based therapies offered an effective method in controlling anal dysplasia in the immunocompetent patient.

[MeSH-major] Anus Neoplasms / surgery. Carcinoma in Situ / surgery. Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / surgery

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[Cites] Dis Colon Rectum. 2006 Jan;49(1):36-40 [16283561.001]

[Cites] Dis Colon Rectum. 2007 May;50(5):565-75 [17380365.001]

[Cites] Dis Colon Rectum. 1987 Oct;30(10):782-5 [3652891.001]

[Cites] Dis Colon Rectum. 2006 Jan;49(1):126 [16222485.001]

[Cites] Arch Surg. 2004 Mar;139(3):259-61 [15006881.001]

[Cites] Dis Colon Rectum. 2005 May;48(5):1042-54 [15868241.001]

[Cites] Dis Colon Rectum. 2001 May;44(5):690-8 [11357031.001]

[Cites] Br J Surg. 1999 Aug;86(8):1063-6 [10460644.001]

[Cites] Surg Oncol Clin N Am. 2004 Apr;13(2):355-73 [15137962.001]

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[Cites] Dis Colon Rectum. 1997 Nov;40(11):1286-93 [9369101.001]

(PMID = 17710507.001).

[ISSN] 1091-255X

[Journal-full-title] Journal of gastrointestinal surgery : official journal of the Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Gastrointest. Surg.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] [Anal cytology for screening of pre-neoplasic lesions].

[Transliterated title] Citologia anal para rastreamento de lesões pré-neoplásicas.

BACKGROUND: High grade intra-epithelial neoplasias (HAIN) are probable precursors of anal carcinoma, with association to high-risk types of Human Papillomavirus (HPV).

The aim of this study was to evaluate if anal cytology, with a cytobrush, could be useful to screen clinic and pre-clinic lesions provoked by HPV.

METHODS: Brushes were used to obtain smears from the anal canal of 102 HIV-positive patients with proctologic complaints.

HPV infection was denied by 33 patients, 14 had treated anal warts in the past, 28 had condylomas in the anal verge, seven had internal clinical lesions and 20 had both internal and external condylomas.

One patient with HAIN, without a history of HPV infection in the past, presented an anal canal ulcer which at biopsy was diagnosed as invasive squamous-cell carcinoma.

CONCLUSION: Results suggest that cytology could be used to diagnose anal cancer precursors.

[MeSH-major] Anus Neoplasms / pathology. Carcinoma in Situ / pathology. HIV Infections / virology. Papillomaviridae / isolation & purification. Papillomavirus Infections / pathology. Precancerous Conditions / pathology

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Female. Humans. Male. Mass Screening. Neoplasm Staging. Prospective Studies. Sensitivity and Specificity. Warts / pathology. Warts / virology

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(PMID = 17568919.001).

[ISSN] 0104-4230

[Journal-full-title] Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira (1992)

[ISO-abbreviation] Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992)

[Language] por

[Publication-type] English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Brazil

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] The epidemiology of anal human papillomavirus and related neoplasia.

Like cervical cancer, anal cancer is preceded by a series of precancerous changes, raising the possibility that like cervical cancer, anal cancer can be prevented.

Further, given the known risk factors for anal cancer, prevention efforts could be targeted to high-risk groups, providing a unique example of a screening program targeted to high-risk individuals.

This article describes the epidemiology of anal HPV infection, anal intraepithelial neoplasia, and anal cancer among men and women, as well as current efforts to prevent anal cancers.

[MeSH-major] Anal Canal / pathology. Anus Neoplasms / epidemiology. Colonoscopy / methods. Human papillomavirus 11. Papillomavirus Infections / epidemiology. Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral / epidemiology

[MeSH-minor] Diagnosis, Differential. Female. Humans. Incidence. Male. Risk Factors. United States / epidemiology

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(PMID = 19344856.001).

[ISSN] 1558-0474

[Journal-full-title] Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

[ISO-abbreviation] Obstet. Gynecol. Clin. North Am.

[Language] eng

[Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA 085178; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA 88739; United States / NCRR NIH HHS / RR / UL1 RR02413,1

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review

[Publication-country] United States

[Number-of-references] 49

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] [Epidermoid carcinomas of anal canal treated with radiation therapy and concomitant chemotherapy (5-fluorouracil and cisplatin)].

[Transliterated title] Carcinomes épidermoïdes du canal anal traités par association concomitante de radiothérapie et de chimiothérapie. Evaluation des résultats fonctionnels.

PURPOSE: To evaluate our results after radiation therapy and concomitant chemotherapy in terms of local control, survival and toxicity in patients with anal cancer.

RESULTS: At the end of RT with concomitant chemotherapy local tumor clinical complete response rate was 83%.

Out of 5 local tumor relapses, 3 were salvaged with APR.

The overall local tumor control (LC) rate with or without salvage local treatment were 88%.

LC rate with a good anal function scoring (score 0 and 1) was 70%.

Among 43 pts who preserved their anus, 98% had a good anal function scoring.

The 5-year disease-free survival was 75%.

After multivariate analysis, 2 independent predicting factors significantly influenced the disease-free survival: HIV-positive pts (negative vs positive, P=0.032) and clinical tumor response after the first course of radiotherapy (<50% vs >or=50%, P=0.00032).

Late severe complication was observed in 3 pts: 2 pts with painful necrosis of the anus requiring colostomy and 1 pt with grade 3 rectal bleeding.

The clinical tumor response after the first course of RT and concomitant chemotherapy is probably the most important predictive factor on the disease-free survival.

For patients with T3 or T4 lesion and tumor regression <or=50% after the first course of radiation therapy, surgical non conservative treatment should be discussed.

[MeSH-major] Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use. Anus Neoplasms / drug therapy. Anus Neoplasms / radiotherapy. Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / drug therapy. Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / radiotherapy

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Anal Canal / pathology. Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / administration & dosage. Brachytherapy. Cisplatin / administration & dosage. Combined Modality Therapy. Disease-Free Survival. Female. Fluorouracil / administration & dosage. Follow-Up Studies. HIV Seropositivity. Humans. Lymphatic Metastasis. Male. Middle Aged. Multivariate Analysis. Neoplasm Recurrence, Local. Neoplasm Staging. Prognosis. Radiotherapy Dosage. Time Factors. Treatment Outcome

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(PMID = 17110148.001).

[ISSN] 1278-3218

[Journal-full-title] Cancer radiothérapie : journal de la Société française de radiothérapie oncologique

[ISO-abbreviation] Cancer Radiother

[Language] fre

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; English Abstract; Evaluation Studies; Journal Article

[Publication-country] France

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; Q20Q21Q62J / Cisplatin; U3P01618RT / Fluorouracil

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Blind sampling is superior to anoscope guided sampling for screening for anal intraepithelial neoplasia.

OBJECTIVES: Anal cytology smears are either collected "blind" (swab inserted 4 cm into anal canal and rotated) or guided through an anoscope (transformation zone visualised and then sampled).

CONCLUSIONS: Blind cytology smears are superior to anoscope guided smears for screening for anal neoplasia in homosexual men.

[MeSH-major] Anus Neoplasms / pathology. Homosexuality, Male. Proctoscopy / methods. Specimen Handling / methods

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[Cites] Lancet. 1986 Sep 20;2(8508):657-60 [2876137.001]

[Cites] Sex Transm Infect. 1999 Jun;75(3):172-7 [10448395.001]

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(PMID = 16199742.001).

[ISSN] 1368-4973

[Journal-full-title] Sexually transmitted infections

[ISO-abbreviation] Sex Transm Infect

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial

[Publication-country] England

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC1745038

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Anal intraepithelial neoplasia.

BACKGROUND: Anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) is believed to be a precursor of anal squamous cell cancer and its incidence is rising in high-risk groups, particularly those infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

There is no standard management for AIN and this is mainly due to difficulties in both diagnosis and treatment.

[MeSH-major] Anal Canal / pathology. Anus Neoplasms. Carcinoma in Situ. Carcinoma, Squamous Cell

[MeSH-minor] Female. HIV Infections / complications. Humans. Immune Tolerance. Male. Papillomavirus Infections / complications. Precancerous Conditions / etiology. Precancerous Conditions / pathology. Precancerous Conditions / surgery. Risk Factors. Tumor Virus Infections / complications

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[Copyright] Copyright (c) 2005 British Journal of Surgery Society Ltd.

(PMID = 15736144.001).

[ISSN] 0007-1323

[Journal-full-title] The British journal of surgery

[ISO-abbreviation] Br J Surg

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] England

[Number-of-references] 131

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] [Complete (R0) resection is the only valid prognostic factor in abdominoperineal resection for recurrent cancer of the anal canal (a consecutive series of 95 patients)].

[Transliterated title] Résection R0, seul facteur pronostique dans les amputations abdominopérinéales de rattrapage des cancers du canal anal (série consécutive de 95 patients).

INTRODUCTION: When radiation therapy fails to control cancer of the anal canal, the only therapeutic alternative is salvage abdomino-perineal resection (APR).

There was no prognostic difference between salvage APR for disease progression (n=55) or for late recurrence (n=40).

CONCLUSION: When anal cancer recurs after radiation therapy, a salvage APR is indicated.

[MeSH-major] Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / surgery. Rectal Neoplasms / surgery

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(PMID = 18955923.001).

[ISSN] 0021-7697

[Journal-full-title] Journal de chirurgie

[ISO-abbreviation] J Chir (Paris)

[Language] fre

[Publication-type] English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] France

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] [Anal adenocarcinoma revealed by a fistula-in-ano. Report of a case].

[Transliterated title] Fistule périanale révélatrice d'un adénocarcinome du canal anal. A propos d'une observation.

Anal adenocarcinoma revealed by a fistula-in-ano occurs rarely.

Symptomatology has no specificity and the diagnosis is often late, in an advanced stage of the sickness.

Recurrent or non recurrent fistula-in-ano requires multiple biopsies for pathology analysis in order to screen a related cancer.

Tumor dimension, lymph node involvement, histologic grade and treatment modality are independent prognosis factors for survival.

[MeSH-major] Adenocarcinoma / complications. Adenocarcinoma / diagnosis. Anus Neoplasms / complications. Anus Neoplasms / diagnosis. Rectal Fistula / complications

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(PMID = 16712770.001).

[ISSN] 0003-3944

[Journal-full-title] Annales de chirurgie

[ISO-abbreviation] Ann Chir

[Language] fre

[Publication-type] Case Reports; English Abstract; Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] France

[Number-of-references] 15

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] [Treatment of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal in the last 20 years in a gastroenterology hospital].

[Transliterated title] El tratamiento de los pacientes con carcinoma epidermoide del canal anal en los últimos 20 años en nuestro hospital.

Anal cancers compromise only 1.5% of all digestive tumors.

OBJECTIVE: To collect and analyze clinical data from the medical records of all consecutive patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal (SCCAC) treated by the Oncology Section in 20 years.

[MeSH-major] Anus Neoplasms / therapy. Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / therapy

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use. Combined Modality Therapy. Disease-Free Survival. Female. Follow-Up Studies. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Neoplasm Recurrence, Local. Radiotherapy Dosage. Retrospective Studies. Treatment Outcome

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(PMID = 16127985.001).

[ISSN] 0300-9033

[Journal-full-title] Acta gastroenterologica Latinoamericana

[ISO-abbreviation] Acta Gastroenterol. Latinoam.

[Language] spa

[Publication-type] English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Argentina

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Three-dimensional anal endosonography may improve detection of recurrent anal cancer.

PURPOSE: In our center since 2001, follow-up examination has included three-dimensional endosonography in all patients with suspicion of local recurrence of anal cancer.

METHODS: This prospective study included 38 consecutive patients who have had anal carcinoma and were investigated using three-dimensional endosonography in combination with anoscopy and digital rectal examination at Rigshospitalet from July 2001 to January 2005 under suspicion of local recurrence.

The observers scored each examination according to a five-point scale in which a score from 1 to 3 was regarded as benign endosonographic findings and a score from 4 to 5 was regarded as malignant endosonographic findings.

The endosonographic diagnosis for each examination was compared with histologic evaluation or when no biopsy had been taken with a follow-up period of at least six months.

CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates that three-dimensional endosonography surpasses two-dimensional endosonography in the evaluation of patients with suspicion of local recurrence of anal cancer especially in combination with anoscopy and digital rectal examination.

[MeSH-major] Anal Canal / ultrasonography. Anus Neoplasms / ultrasonography. Endosonography / methods. Imaging, Three-Dimensional. Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / ultrasonography

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(PMID = 16988854.001).

[ISSN] 0012-3706

[Journal-full-title] Diseases of the colon and rectum

[ISO-abbreviation] Dis. Colon Rectum

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Evaluation Studies; Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] HPV in anal squamous cell carcinoma and anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN). Impact of HPV analysis of anal lesions on diagnosis and prognosis.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Majority of cases of anal squamous cell carcinoma are human papilloma virus (HPV)-induced and result from anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN).

This study was conducted to examine methods which may enable the routine diagnosis of HPV-induced changes in the anal rim and the consequences of such detection especially in view of a more sensitive diagnosis of AIN.

METHODS: The study included biopsy samples from 87 patients who had been diagnosed with the following disease patterns: 47 invasive anal carcinoma, 33 AIN of varying severity and seven condylomatous lesions.

In 52 of these cases, a tumour was clinically suspected.

RESULTS: In 38 of 47 cases of anal carcinoma, HPV DNA could be detected via PCR (80.9%), the majority of which were HPV 16 (33/38=86.8%).

DISCUSSION: In our series, the clinical diagnosis of the invasive anal carcinoma had a high sensitivity of 93.6%, with a specificity of 80%.

In this situation, especially with high-risk patients, our findings recommend anal HPV screening in combination with anal cytology and anoscopy.

CONCLUSION: Based on our results, we urgently recommend for any histological report on excision of anal lesions to include a statement whether histological markers of HPV infection were detected.

[MeSH-major] Alphapapillomavirus / genetics. Anus Neoplasms / virology. Carcinoma in Situ / virology. Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / virology. DNA, Viral / analysis

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Biopsy. Diagnosis, Differential. Female. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Polymerase Chain Reaction. Prognosis. Retrospective Studies

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[CommentIn] Int J Colorectal Dis. 2007 Oct;22(10):1289 [16703315.001]

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(PMID = 15864603.001).

[ISSN] 0179-1958

[Journal-full-title] International journal of colorectal disease

[ISO-abbreviation] Int J Colorectal Dis

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] Germany

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / DNA, Viral

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] [Results of surgical treatment of residual and recurrent anal tumors].

Radio- or chemotherapy is a modern standard of anal cancer treatment.

The study is aimed to evaluate the role of abdominoperineal resection in the treatment of residual and recurrent anal cancer.

The complete tumor regression after radiotherapy/radiochemotherapy was achieved in 74(61.1%) of 120 patients with cancer-specific survival rate of 81.7%.

Partial tumor regression was registered in 46 of 120 patients.

The abdominoperineal resection was performed in 39(84.8%) of patients with the residual tumor.

Thus, surgical treatment allowed secondary local tumor control in 76.9% of patients with the 5-year survival rates of 69.0%.

The locoregional tumor relapse was diagnosed in 10(13.74%) of 74 patients with the complete tumor regression.

The use of abdominoperineal resection allowed the secondary local tumor control and 5 year survival.

Thus, abdominoperineal resection remains the method of choice in the treatment of residual and recurrent anal tumors.

[MeSH-major] Digestive System Surgical Procedures / methods. Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / surgery. Rectal Neoplasms / surgery

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Endosonography. Female. Follow-Up Studies. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Neoplasm Staging. Prospective Studies. Russia / epidemiology. Survival Rate. Treatment Outcome

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(PMID = 18833142.001).

[ISSN] 0023-1207

[Journal-full-title] Khirurgiia

[ISO-abbreviation] Khirurgiia (Mosk)

[Language] rus

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Russia (Federation)

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Elevated anal squamous cell carcinoma risk associated with benign inflammatory anal lesions.

BACKGROUND: The association between benign anal lesions and anal cancer is still unclear.

METHODS: We conducted a register based retrospective cohort study including 45,186 patients hospitalised for inflammatory anal lesions (anal fissures, fistulas, and perianal abscesses) as well as 79,808 haemorrhoid patients, from 1965 to 2002.

Multiple record linkages identified all incident anal (squamous cell carcinoma only) and colorectal cancers through to 2002.

CONCLUSIONS: Inflammatory benign anal lesions are associated with a significantly increased long term risk of anal cancer.

[MeSH-major] Anus Neoplasms / complications. Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / complications

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Anus Diseases / complications. Anus Diseases / immunology. Female. Fissure in Ano / complications. Follow-Up Studies. Hemorrhoids / complications. Humans. Inflammation. Male. Middle Aged. Rectal Fistula / complications. Retrospective Studies. Risk Assessment

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(PMID = 16299038.001).

[ISSN] 0017-5749

[Journal-full-title] Gut

[ISO-abbreviation] Gut

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] England

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC1856114

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] [Anal intraepithelial neoplasia (NIA) and infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) in anoreceptive patients].

[Transliterated title] La neoplasia intraepitelial anal y la infección por virus del papiloma humano en pacientes anorreceptivos.

BACKGROUND: An association between human papilloma virus (HPV) infection and progression to anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) and epidermoid cancer has been established.

Patients who accepted anal citology and high definition anoscopy and biopsies with a follow-up not minor of 3 months were included.

Anal cytology showed inflammatory alterations in 21 patients (28%), low grade intraepithelial lesion in 23 (52%); there were not patients with high grade epithelial lesion.

[MeSH-major] Anus Neoplasms / complications. Carcinoma in Situ / complications. Papillomavirus Infections / complications. Sexual Behavior / statistics & numerical data

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Anal Canal / pathology. Biopsy. Disease Progression. Female. HIV Infections / complications. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Risk Factors. Young Adult

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(PMID = 19858007.001).

[ISSN] 0375-0906

[Journal-full-title] Revista de gastroenterología de México

[ISO-abbreviation] Rev Gastroenterol Mex

[Language] spa

[Publication-type] English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Mexico

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Preoperative therapy for lower rectal cancer and modifications in distance from anal sphincter.

Preoperative therapy can increase the rate of preserving surgery by shrinking the tumor and enhancing its distance from the anal sphincter.

The maximal size of the tumor and its distance from the anal sphincter were measured in millimeters before and after preoperative therapy.

RESULTS: Of the 90 cases, 82.5% showed tumor downsizing, varying from one-third to two-thirds or more of the original tumor mass.

The distance between the tumor and the anal sphincter increased in 60.2% of cases.

It was possible in nearly 30% of patients in whom the cancer had reached the anal sphincter before the preoperative therapy.

The distal margin was tumor free in these cases.

CONCLUSION: The results of our study have shown that in very low rectal cancer, preoperative therapy causes tumor downsizing in >80% of cases and in more than one-half enhances the distance between the tumor and anal sphincter.

[MeSH-major] Anal Canal / pathology. Rectal Neoplasms / pathology. Rectal Neoplasms / therapy

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use. Endosonography. Female. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Neoplasm Staging. Preoperative Care. Radiotherapy Dosage

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(PMID = 17524570.001).

[ISSN] 0360-3016

[Journal-full-title] International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics

[ISO-abbreviation] Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antineoplastic Agents

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] [Increasing incidence of anal cancer in the Netherlands].

Anal cancer is a rare malignancy with a rapidly rising incidence.

The most important risk factor for anal cancer is persistent infection with Human papillomavirus (HPV).

In the Netherlands, the incidence of anal cancer increased from 71 to 149 new patients each year over the period 1989-2006.

There has been a corresponding overall increase in mortality, although the exact level differs per year.

Not enough research has been done to date to clarify why the incidence of anal cancer is increasing.

[MeSH-major] Anus Neoplasms / epidemiology. Papillomavirus Infections / complications

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(PMID = 20456793.001).

[ISSN] 1876-8784

[Journal-full-title] Nederlands tijdschrift voor geneeskunde

[ISO-abbreviation] Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd

[Language] dut

[Publication-type] English Abstract; Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] Netherlands

[Number-of-references] 11

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Pedunculated polypoid lymphangioma of the anal canal.

Lymphangioma is a rare benign lesion of the gastrointestinal tract, in which the large intestine is the least commonly involved site.

To the authors' knowledge a lymphangioma of the anal canal has not been reported.

Described herein is a case of pedunculated polypoid lymphangioma of the right lateral wall on the transitional zone of the anal canal measuring 1.7 x 1.3 x 1 cm in a 40-year-old woman.

A pedicle does not exclude the endoscopic diagnosis of lymphangioma.

Lymphangioma must be included in the differential diagnosis of polypoid lesions of the anal canal.

[MeSH-major] Anus Neoplasms / pathology. Lymphangioma / pathology

[MeSH-minor] Adenocarcinoma / pathology. Adult. Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / pathology. Diagnosis, Differential. Female. Humans. Immunohistochemistry. Rectal Fistula / pathology

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(PMID = 18577114.001).

[ISSN] 1440-1827

[Journal-full-title] Pathology international

[ISO-abbreviation] Pathol. Int.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Australia

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] HIV-related and Epstein-Barr virus-associated anal Burkitt's lymphoma: report of a case.

PURPOSE: This article describes and discusses primary Burkitt's lymphoma of the anus which is an extremely rare site of origin.

METHODS AND RESULTS: A 38-year-old HIV+ Rwandan farmer had an 8-cm x 13-cm anal tumor.

CONCLUSIONS: Because of the AIDS epidemic and the increase of anal malignant pathologies, anal Burkitt's lymphoma may appear more frequently.

[MeSH-major] Anus Neoplasms / diagnosis. Burkitt Lymphoma / diagnosis. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / diagnosis

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Colostomy. Fatal Outcome. HIV Seropositivity / diagnosis. Herpesvirus 4, Human / isolation & purification. Humans. Male. Rectum / surgery

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(PMID = 16034658.001).

[ISSN] 0012-3706

[Journal-full-title] Diseases of the colon and rectum

[ISO-abbreviation] Dis. Colon Rectum

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Anal-rectal cytology: a review.

The incidence of invasive anal squamous cell carcinoma, a human papilloma virus (HPV) related cancer, is on the rise, especially in HIV positive men who have sex with men (MSM).

Like cervical cancer, anal cancer is associated with precursor lesions detectable on exfoliative cytology as squamous intraepithelial lesions and on biopsy as intraepithelial neoplasia.

Anal-rectal cytology screening programs, similar to cervical cytology screening programs, have been developed in an effort to detect and to eradicate precursor lesions prior to progression to invasive squamous cell carcinoma.

Either conventional or liquid-based anal-rectal cytology specimens are acceptable, but liquid-based specimens are preferred.

Sensitivity and specificity of a single anal-rectal cytology specimen is comparable with that of a single cervical cytology test, but cytological interpretations do not always correlate with lesion severity.

[MeSH-major] Anal Canal / pathology. Rectum / pathology

[MeSH-minor] Anus Neoplasms / diagnosis. Anus Neoplasms / epidemiology. Anus Neoplasms / pathology. Early Detection of Cancer. Humans. Papillomaviridae / physiology. Specimen Handling

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[Copyright] (c) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

(PMID = 19941374.001).

[ISSN] 1097-0339

[Journal-full-title] Diagnostic cytopathology

[ISO-abbreviation] Diagn. Cytopathol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review

[Publication-country] United States

[Number-of-references] 78

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Treatment of anal carcinoma in immune-compromised patients.

BACKGROUND: Immune-compromised populations show an increased incidence of anogenital tract neoplasms.

This study was undertaken to evaluate local control (LC), overall survival (OS) and toxicity in immune-compromised patients with anal carcinoma treated with radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy.

METHODS: We identified 25 patients with anal carcinoma and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection or history of solid-organ transplant on chronic medical immune-suppression.

One patient had metastatic disease at diagnosis.

Median radiation dose to the primary tumour was 50 Gy.

[MeSH-major] Anus Neoplasms / therapy. Carcinoma / therapy. Immunocompromised Host

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Colostomy / statistics & numerical data. Disease Progression. Female. Follow-Up Studies. HIV Seropositivity / complications. HIV Seropositivity / immunology. HIV-1 / immunology. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Registries. Salvage Therapy. Survival Analysis. Transplantation

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(PMID = 19776001.001).

[ISSN] 1699-3055

[Journal-full-title] Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico

[ISO-abbreviation] Clin Transl Oncol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Evaluation Studies; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Italy

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Gene expression reveals two distinct groups of anal carcinomas with clinical implications.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a major aetiological agent in anal carcinomas.

We here present a study of global gene expression using microarray hybridisation in a collection of anal carcinoma biopsies.

Unsupervised cluster analysis, based on global mRNA expression, divided the tumour biopsies into two distinct groups.

To investigate whether this distinction in gene expression had prognostic impact, we studied protein expression in an independent cohort of 55 anal carcinomas not included in the microarray study of two differentially expressed candidate genes, minichromosome maintenance complex component 7 (MCM7) and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A or p16).

CDKN2A (p16) mRNA was found significantly differentially expressed between the two tumour groups.

MCM7 is directly regulated by E2F and induced by HPV, and its mRNA was found differentially expressed between the two tumour groups.

High level of MCM7 protein was found to be associated with both improved relapse-free survival (RFS, P=0.02) and cancer-specific survival (CSS, P=0.03) in anal cancer patients treated with radiation with or without additional chemotherapy.

[MeSH-major] Anus Neoplasms / genetics. Anus Neoplasms / virology. Human papillomavirus 16 / genetics

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NCI CPTAC Assay Portal. NCI CPTAC Assay Portal .

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(PMID = 18349847.001).

[ISSN] 0007-0920

[Journal-full-title] British journal of cancer

[ISO-abbreviation] Br. J. Cancer

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Cell Cycle Proteins; 0 / DNA-Binding Proteins; 0 / Nuclear Proteins; 0 / Oncogene Proteins, Viral; 0 / Papillomavirus E7 Proteins; 0 / RNA, Messenger; 0 / oncogene protein E7, Human papillomavirus type 16; EC 3.6.4.12 / MCM7 protein, human; EC 3.6.4.12 / Minichromosome Maintenance Complex Component 7

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2359638

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] The frequency of high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia in anal/perianal warts is higher than previously recognized.

A retrospective review of the prevalence of intraepithelial neoplasia (IN) in surgically removed perianal/anal warts from December 1995 to December 2004 was undertaken in patients referred to the Sexual Health Clinic at Royal Perth Hospital.

Perianal/anal IN within the warts was found in 78% (52% high grade) of men with HIV infection.

Rates of IN within perianal/anal warts in men with or without HIV infection are higher than previously reported, and suggest the likelihood of a substantial increase in the future incidence of anal cancer.

[MeSH-major] Anus Neoplasms / epidemiology. Carcinoma in Situ / epidemiology. Condylomata Acuminata / epidemiology. HIV Infections / complications

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(PMID = 17686215.001).

[ISSN] 0956-4624

[Journal-full-title] International journal of STD & AIDS

[ISO-abbreviation] Int J STD AIDS

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] England

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Immunophenotypic characterization of anal gland carcinoma: loss of p63 and cytokeratin 5/6.

Anal gland carcinoma (AGC) is a rare perianal invasive cancer composed of tubular glands lined by cuboidal epithelium.

The clinical features and histogenesis of AGC are not well understood and its origin from anal glands is often difficult to prove.

Little is known about immunophenotypic features of AGC that could be useful in establishing the diagnosis.

This study evaluated the immunohistochemical profile of 2 cases of AGC in comparison to anal glands from 11 hemorrhoidectomy specimens.

In biopsies from this case, the neoplastic anal glands had a tubular pattern, whereas most glands in the resection specimen exhibited mucinous features.

Normal anal glands showed immunoreactivity for myoepithelial and basal cell markers CK5/6 and p63 in basal and parabasal cell layers and for CK7 in superficial cell layers.

Anal gland carcinoma shares negativity for CDX2 and CK7+/CK20- profile with normal anal glands.

No evidence of myoepithelial cells was found in normal or malignant anal glands.

These data may be useful in establishing the diagnosis of AGC.

[MeSH-major] Adenocarcinoma / pathology. Anus Neoplasms / pathology. Biomarkers, Tumor / metabolism. Keratin-5 / metabolism. Keratin-6 / metabolism. Membrane Proteins / metabolism

[MeSH-minor] Anal Canal / metabolism. Anal Canal / pathology. Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect. Hemorrhoids / pathology. Hemorrhoids / surgery. Humans. Immunoenzyme Techniques. Immunophenotyping. Male. Middle Aged

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[CommentIn] Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2008 Oct;132(10):1547-8 [18834205.001]

(PMID = 17683193.001).

[ISSN] 1543-2165

[Journal-full-title] Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine

[ISO-abbreviation] Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / CKAP4 protein, human; 0 / Keratin-5; 0 / Keratin-6; 0 / Membrane Proteins

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Current treatment for localized anal carcinoma.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Chemoradiation represents the standard of care for most patients with localized squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal.

This article reviews randomized trials and recent studies on chemoradiation for anal cancer.

Recent studies have started to evaluate intensity modulated radiation therapy for anal cancer, in an effort to reduce acute and long-term toxicity from radiotherapy.

SUMMARY: The role of cisplatin in anal cancer is not completely clear, although an ongoing randomized trial (Anal Cancer Trial II) may help clarify the role of cisplatin.

Studies on tumor biology and patient genetics are warranted to identify patients that are most likely to benefit from newer locoregional and systemic therapies.

Intensity modulated radiation therapy appears to be a promising approach for reducing treatment-related toxicity in anal cancer patients.

The Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) is conducting a phase II trial evaluating the multi-institutional feasibility of intensity modulated radiation therapy for anal cancer.

[MeSH-major] Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use. Anus Neoplasms / drug therapy. Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / drug therapy. Cisplatin / therapeutic use. Radiation-Sensitizing Agents / therapeutic use

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(PMID = 17545807.001).

[ISSN] 1040-8746

[Journal-full-title] Current opinion in oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] Curr Opin Oncol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antineoplastic Agents; 0 / Radiation-Sensitizing Agents; 50SG953SK6 / Mitomycin; Q20Q21Q62J / Cisplatin; U3P01618RT / Fluorouracil

[Number-of-references] 21

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Predictors and patterns of recurrence after definitive chemoradiation for anal cancer.

PURPOSE: To evaluate patterns of locoregional failure, and predictors of recurrence and survival in patients treated with chemoradiation for anal cancer.

METHODS AND MATERIALS: Between September 1992 and August 2004, 167 patients with nonmetastatic squamous cell anal carcinoma were treated with definitive chemoradiation.

RESULTS: The estimated 3-year rates of locoregional control, distant control, disease-free survival, and overall survival were 81%, 88%, 67%, and 84%, respectively.

Multivariate analysis showed that higher T stage and N stage independently predicted for a higher rate of locoregional failure; higher N stage and basaloid subtype independently predicted for a higher rate of distant metastasis; and higher N stage and positive human immunodeficiency virus status independently predicted for a lower rate of overall survival.

Among the patients who had locoregional failure, 18 (75%) had failure involving the anus or rectum, 5 (21%) had other pelvic recurrences, and 1 (4%) had inguinal recurrence.

CONCLUSIONS: Trials of more aggressive and innovative locoregional and systemic therapies are warranted in high-risk patients, based on their T and N stages.

The majority of locoregional failures involve the anus and rectum, whereas inguinal recurrences occur rarely.

[MeSH-major] Anus Neoplasms / mortality. Anus Neoplasms / therapy. Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / mortality. Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / therapy. Chemotherapy, Adjuvant / mortality. Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / mortality. Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / prevention & control. Radiotherapy, Adjuvant / mortality

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(PMID = 17379452.001).

[ISSN] 0360-3016

[Journal-full-title] International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics

[ISO-abbreviation] Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Clinical Trial; Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] The prevalence, and predictive value, of abnormal anal cytology to diagnose anal dysplasia in a population of HIV-positive men who have sex with men.

Due to the increasing incidence of anal cancer in HIV-positive men who have sex with men, and the potential to detect and treat high-grade anal dysplasia--the putative anal cancer precursor--we have introduced an anal cytology screening service.

Patients with abnormal anal cytology have follow-up high-resolution anoscopy (HRA) with biopsy of lesions clinically suspicious for high-grade dysplasia.

One hundred and sixty-four (67%) men had abnormal anal cytology, and 93 of them had follow-up HRA and anal biopsy.

The positive predictive value for any anal cytological abnormality to predict any degree of anal dysplasia was 95.7+/-2.1%, and for any anal cytological abnormality to predict high-grade anal dysplasia was 55.9+/-5.1%.

Abnormal anal cytology was highly predicative of anal dysplasia on biopsy.

[MeSH-major] Anal Canal / pathology. Anus Neoplasms. Carcinoma, Squamous Cell. HIV Infections / complications. Homosexuality, Male

[MeSH-minor] AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / diagnosis. AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / epidemiology. Adult. Aged. Biopsy. Cytological Techniques. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Predictive Value of Tests. Prevalence

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(PMID = 17331275.001).

[ISSN] 0956-4624

[Journal-full-title] International journal of STD & AIDS

[ISO-abbreviation] Int J STD AIDS

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] England

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Human papillomavirus genotypes in anal intraepithelial neoplasia and anal carcinoma as detected in tissue biopsies.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection strongly correlates with the development of anal intraepithelial neoplasias and carcinomas; however, few studies have characterized the distribution of the specific subtypes of the virus in the varying grades of dysplasia.

This report characterizes the distribution of HPV 16/18 in surgical specimens with anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) I-III and histological variants of anal carcinoma.

A total of 111 anal surgical specimens with no dysplasia (10), AIN I-III (53), and anal carcinomas (48) were evaluated for the presence of high-risk HPV infection and subtyped by nested PCR or the Invader Assay.

High-risk virus types were detected in progressively greater number of anal intraepithelial lesions from 56% in low grade to 88% in high grade.

The similarity in the prevalence of type 16 in high-grade dysplasia and squamous carcinomas suggests that anal intraepithelial lesion III is the true precursor of squamous carcinoma and warrants aggressive management.

Anal intraepithelial lesions II showed a virus distribution that was similar to low-grade dysplasia.

[MeSH-major] Anus Neoplasms / virology. Carcinoma in Situ / virology. Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / virology. Papillomavirus Infections / virology

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Aged, 80 and over. DNA, Viral / analysis. Female. Genotype. Human papillomavirus 16 / genetics. Human papillomavirus 18 / genetics. Humans. In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence. Male. Middle Aged. Neoplasm Staging. Polymerase Chain Reaction. Prevalence. Young Adult

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(PMID = 19838162.001).

[ISSN] 1530-0285

[Journal-full-title] Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc

[ISO-abbreviation] Mod. Pathol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / DNA, Viral

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] [Anal malignant melanoma. Case report and literature review].

[Transliterated title] Melanoma maligno anal. Reporte de casos y revisión de la literatura.

OBJECTIVE: To present two cases of anorectal malignant melanoma as due to its non specific presentation and rarity they are often misdiagnosed like hemorrhoids.

BACKGROUND: Anal melanomas are rare tumors that constitute less than 1% of the malignant colorectal tumors and represent both a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge to physicians.

Melanomas are often misdiagnosed by a lot of anorectal conditions and diagnosis must be suspected in patients with an anal mass.

CASE REPORT: We present two anorectal cases of malignant melanoma treated by wide local excision, the principal complain in both patients was the presence of an anal mass and bleeding.

CONCLUSIONS: Anal melanoma is a rare entity with a poor prognosis.

[MeSH-major] Anus Neoplasms / pathology. Melanoma / pathology

[MeSH-minor] Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Diagnosis, Differential. Female. Humans. Male

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(PMID = 19666318.001).

[ISSN] 0375-0906

[Journal-full-title] Revista de gastroenterología de México

[ISO-abbreviation] Rev Gastroenterol Mex

[Language] spa

[Publication-type] Case Reports; English Abstract; Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] Mexico

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Anal fissures associated with targeted therapies in ovarian cancer.

Anal fissures are a side effect of targeted therapies that can disrupt or stop treatment regimens.

Diagnosis and management of anal fissures by advanced practice nurses are crucial for maintaining the quality of life of patients with ovarian cancer.

[MeSH-major] Anus Diseases / etiology. Ovarian Neoplasms / therapy

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(PMID = 19948462.001).

[ISSN] 1538-067X

[Journal-full-title] Clinical journal of oncology nursing

[ISO-abbreviation] Clin J Oncol Nurs

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antineoplastic Agents

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] [Kaposi's sarcoma with colorectal and anal canal involvement].

[Transliterated title] Sarcoma de Kaposi con afectación colorrectal y del canal anal.

Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is a low-grade vascular tumor, with four main variants, one of which is fairly prevalent in HIV-infected patients.

The gastrointestinal tract is involved in 40% of patients, but rectal and anal canal involvement is exceptional.

We report the case of a 39-year-old HIV-infected man with an unusual presentation of KS with colorectal and anal canal involvement in the absence of cutaneous disease.

[MeSH-major] Anus Neoplasms. Colorectal Neoplasms. Neoplasms, Multiple Primary. Sarcoma, Kaposi

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[Copyright] .

(PMID = 20630624.001).

[ISSN] 0210-5705

[Journal-full-title] Gastroenterología y hepatología

[ISO-abbreviation] Gastroenterol Hepatol

[Language] spa

[Publication-type] Case Reports; English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Spain