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[Title] Squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal.

Squamous cell carcinoma ofthe anal canal represents 1.5% of all malignancies affectingthe gastrointestinal tract.

CLINICAL MANAGEMENT: Historically abdominoperineal resection had been the treatment of choice with local resection reserved for early stage disease.

Work by Nigro et al. has revolutionised how we currently manage carcinoma of the anal canal, demonstrating combined modality chemoradiotherapy as an appropriate alternative to surgical resection with the benefit of preserving sphincter function.

[MeSH-major] Anus Neoplasms / diagnosis. Anus Neoplasms / therapy. Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / diagnosis. Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / therapy

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(PMID = 19736891.001).

[ISSN] 1479-666X

[Journal-full-title] The surgeon : journal of the Royal Colleges of Surgeons of Edinburgh and Ireland

[ISO-abbreviation] Surgeon

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] Scotland

[Number-of-references] 57

   

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[Title] T2-weighted MRI of rectosigmoid carcinoma: comparison of respiratory-triggered fast spin-echo, breathhold fast-recovery fast spin-echo, and breathhold single-shot fast spin-echo sequences.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty patients (stage: pT0, 1; pTis-2, 15; pT3-4, 24) were included in the study.

All examinations were performed on a 1.5T magnet with a phased-array coil and the patients were studied in the prone position with per-anal air injection.

CONCLUSION: The BH-FRFSE sequence may be the first choice for rectosigmoid T2W imaging in the prone position with per-anal air injection for patients who can hold their breath stably.

[MeSH-major] Carcinoma / diagnosis. Magnetic Resonance Imaging / methods. Rectal Neoplasms / diagnosis. Respiration. Sigmoid Neoplasms / diagnosis

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(PMID = 17326094.001).

[ISSN] 1053-1807

[Journal-full-title] Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI

[ISO-abbreviation] J Magn Reson Imaging

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Clinical Trial; Comparative Study; Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

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Such situation arises when low-dimensional low-intensity multi-spectral image of the tumour in the early stage of development is represented by the SLMM, wherein tumour is spectrally similar to the surrounding tissue.

We demonstrate good performance of the method on both computational model and experimental low-intensity red-green-blue fluorescent image of the surface tumour (basal cell carcinoma).

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(PMID = 19282233.001).

[ISSN] 1361-8423

[Journal-full-title] Medical image analysis

[ISO-abbreviation] Med Image Anal

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Evaluation Studies; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Netherlands

   

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[Title] LIM only 4 is overexpressed in late stage pancreas cancer.

BACKGROUND: LIM-only 4 (LMO4), a member of the LIM-only (LMO) subfamily of LIM domain-containing transcription factors, was initially reported to have an oncogenic role in breast cancer.

If so, this could result in a better understanding of tumorigenesis in pancreatic cancer.

METHODS: We measured LMO4 mRNA levels in cultured cells, pancreatic bulk tissues and microdissected target cells (normal ductal cells; pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia-1B [PanIN-1B] cells; PanIN-2 cells; invasive ductal carcinoma [IDC] cells; intraductal papillary-mucinous adenoma [IPMA] cells; IPM borderline [IPMB] cells; and invasive and non-invasive IPM carcinoma [IPMC]) by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).

RESULTS: 9 of 14 pancreatic cancer cell lines expressed higher levels of LMO4 mRNA than did the human pancreatic ductal epithelial cell line (HPDE).

In bulk tissue samples, expression of LMO4 was higher in pancreatic carcinoma than in intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) or non-neoplastic pancreas (p < 0.0001 for both).

These results suggested that LMO4 is overexpressed at late stages in carcinogenesis of pancreatic cancer.

[MeSH-minor] Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing. Analysis of Variance. Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal / genetics. Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal / pathology. Carcinoma, Papillary / genetics. Carcinoma, Papillary / pathology. Cell Line, Tumor. Humans. LIM Domain Proteins. Neoplasm Staging. Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases / genetics. RNA, Messenger / genetics. RNA, Messenger / metabolism. Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

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(PMID = 19099607.001).

[ISSN] 1476-4598

[Journal-full-title] Molecular cancer

[ISO-abbreviation] Mol. Cancer

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; 0 / Homeodomain Proteins; 0 / LIM Domain Proteins; 0 / LMO4 protein, human; 0 / RNA, Messenger; 0 / Transcription Factors; EC 2.7.1.- / STK11 protein, human; EC 2.7.11.1 / Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2628350

   

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[Title] Circulating DNA level is negatively associated with the long-term survival of hepatocellular carcinoma patients.

AIM: To quantify the circulating DNA in plasma from patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and to evaluate its prognostic value.

The circulating DNA level was closely associated with tumor size (P = 0.008) and TNM stage (P = 0.040), negatively associated with the 3-year disease-free survival (DFS) (P = 0.017) and overall survival (OS) (P = 0.001).

[MeSH-major] Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / blood. Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / pathology. DNA, Neoplasm / blood. Liver Neoplasms / blood. Liver Neoplasms / pathology

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(PMID = 16804981.001).

[ISSN] 1007-9327

[Journal-full-title] World journal of gastroenterology

[ISO-abbreviation] World J. Gastroenterol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] China

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / DNA, Neoplasm

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC4087944

   

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[Title] Macrophage migration inhibitory factor anti-thrombin III complexes are decreased in bladder cancer patient serum: Complex formation as a mechanism of inactivation.

Serum MIF in bladder cancer patients (TCC stage II, n=50) was increased when compared to normal patients (n=50), while ATIII-MIF complexes were decreased in bladder cancer patient serum.

These data suggest that increased circulating levels of bioactive MIF are present in bladder cancer patient serum.

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[Copyright] Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.

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(PMID = 19762145.001).

[ISSN] 1872-7980

[Journal-full-title] Cancer letters

[ISO-abbreviation] Cancer Lett.

[Language] ENG

[Grant] United States / NIDDK NIH HHS / DK / R21 DK075059; United States / NIAID NIH HHS / AI / R01 AI042310-06; United States / NIDDK NIH HHS / DK / DK075059; United States / NIAID NIH HHS / AI / R01 AI042310; United States / NIDDK NIH HHS / DK / DK075059-02; United States / NIDDK NIH HHS / DK / R21 DK075059-02

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

[Publication-country] Ireland

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors; 0 / Multiprotein Complexes; 9000-94-6 / Antithrombin III

[Other-IDs] NLM/ NIHMS146096; NLM/ PMC2832085

   

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[Title] Anal carcinoma in mid-Norway 1970-2000.

The treatment of anal carcinoma changed from surgery to chemoradiotherapy 20-25 years ago.

The aim of this observational study was to compare surgery with chemoradiotherapy with regard to side effects, local recurrence and survival during and after the implementation of a new treatment policy for anal carcinoma.

The study includes all 111 patients with anal carcinoma diagnosed between 1970 and 2000 in mid-Norway.

Stage, age and treatment were all significant indicators of survival in uni- and multivariable analysis.

Late side effects were moderate after combined therapy; only one patient preferred getting a stoma due to radiation damage of the anal sphincter.

The change of strategy for anal cancer treatment from surgery to combined therapy has probably reduced local recurrence and improved survival.

[MeSH-major] Anus Neoplasms / therapy. Carcinoma / therapy. Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / diagnosis. Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / mortality

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(PMID = 17882558.001).

[ISSN] 0284-186X

[Journal-full-title] Acta oncologica (Stockholm, Sweden)

[ISO-abbreviation] Acta Oncol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Norway

   

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[Title] Patients with ovarian carcinoma excrete different altered levels of urine CD59, kininogen-1 and fragments of inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H4 and albumin.

BACKGROUND: Diagnosis of ovarian carcinoma is in urgent need for new complementary biomarkers for early stage detection.

Proteins that are aberrantly excreted in the urine of cancer patients are excellent biomarker candidates for development of new noninvasive protocol for early diagnosis and screening purposes.

In the present study, urine samples from patients with ovarian carcinoma were analysed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and the profiles generated were compared to those similarly obtained from age-matched cancer negative women.

RESULTS: Significant reduced levels of CD59, kininogen-1 and a 39 kDa fragment of inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H4 (ITIH4), and enhanced excretion of a 19 kDa fragment of albumin, were detected in the urine of patients with ovarian carcinoma compared to the control subjects.

CONCLUSION: CD59, kininogen-1 and fragments of ITIH4 and albumin may be used as complementary biomarkers in the development of new noninvasive protocols for diagnosis and screening of ovarian carcinoma.

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(PMID = 21083881.001).

[ISSN] 1477-5956

[Journal-full-title] Proteome science

[ISO-abbreviation] Proteome Sci

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] England

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2998473

   

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[Title] The diagnostic value of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) isoenzymes and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) measurement in the sera of colorectal cancer patients.

BACKGROUND: The activity of total alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and class I isoenzymes is significantly higher in colorectal cancer tissue than in healthy mucosa.

The activity of these enzymes in cancer cells is probably reflected in the sera and could thus be helpful for diagnosing colorectal cancer.

AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate a potential role of ADH and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) as tumor markers for colorectal cancer.

METHODS: Serum samples were taken from 182 patients with colorectal cancer before treatment and from 160 control subjects.

RESULTS: There was significant increase in the activity of ADH I isoenzyme and ADH total in the sera of colorectal cancer patients compared to the control.

The sensitivity and specificity of ADH I increased with the stage of the carcinoma.

CONCLUSION: The results suggest a potential role for ADH I as marker for colorectal cancer.

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(PMID = 20069455.001).

[ISSN] 1573-2568

[Journal-full-title] Digestive diseases and sciences

[ISO-abbreviation] Dig. Dis. Sci.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers; 0 / Isoenzymes; EC 1.1.1.1 / Alcohol Dehydrogenase; EC 1.2.1.3 / Aldehyde Dehydrogenase

   

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CASE: A 66-year-old female with stage IV ovarian papillary serous cystadenocarcinoma presented with perianal numbness and sphincter dysfunction.

On exam she had decreased anal tone with saddle anesthesia.

CONCLUSION: Ovarian cancer metastasizng to the cauda equina should be highly suspected based on the clinical presentation alone, even with unremarkable imaging studies.

[MeSH-major] Carcinoma, Papillary / pathology. Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous / pathology. Meningeal Carcinomatosis / pathology. Ovarian Neoplasms / pathology. Polyradiculopathy / pathology

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(PMID = 18433846.001).

[ISSN] 1095-6859

[Journal-full-title] Gynecologic oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] Gynecol. Oncol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

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[Title] Anal carcinoma occurring in Crohn's disease patients with chronic anal fistula.

This paper reports six patients with perianal Crohn's disease (CD), who developed anal cancer in chronic anal fistulas.

Tumors have been often diagnosed at an advanced stage and had a worse prognosis than cancers arising in the general population as tumor symptoms may mimic symptoms of CD, resulting in delay in diagnosis.

Patients with perianal CD should undergo a careful surveillance program for ano-rectal carcinoma, including routine biopsy of any suspected lesion.

[MeSH-major] Anus Neoplasms / etiology. Crohn Disease / complications. Rectal Fistula / complications

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(PMID = 16437885.001).

[ISSN] 2283-5423

[Journal-full-title] I supplementi di Tumori : official journal of Società italiana di cancerologia ... [et al.]

[ISO-abbreviation] Suppl Tumori

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] Italy

   

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[Title] Threshold in stage-specific embryonic glycotypes uncovered by a full portrait of dynamic N-glycan expression during cell differentiation.

We demonstrated that processes of dynamic cellular differentiation of mouse embryonic carcinoma cells, P19CL6 and P19C6, and mouse embryonic stem cells into cardiomyocytes or neural cells can be monitored and characterized quantitatively by profiling entire N-glycan structures of total cell glycoproteins.

[MeSH-major] Cell Differentiation. Embryonal Carcinoma Stem Cells / chemistry. Embryonic Stem Cells / chemistry. Glycoproteins / analysis. Myocytes, Cardiac / chemistry. Neurons / chemistry. Polysaccharides / analysis

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(PMID = 20008832.001).

[ISSN] 1535-9484

[Journal-full-title] Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP

[ISO-abbreviation] Mol. Cell Proteomics

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Glycoproteins; 0 / Polysaccharides

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2849713

   

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[Title] SMAD4--molecular gladiator of the TGF-beta signaling is trampled upon by mutational insufficiency in colorectal carcinoma of Kashmiri population: an analysis with relation to KRAS proto-oncogene.

BACKGROUND: The development and progression of colorectal cancer has been extensively studied and the genes responsible have been well characterized.

METHODS: We examined the paired tumor and normal tissue specimens of 86 CRC patients for the occurrence of aberrations in MCR region of SMAD4 and exon 1 of KRAS by PCR-SSCP and/or PCR-Direct sequencing.

CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that SMAD4 gene aberrations are the common event in CRC development but play a differential role in the progression of CRC in higher tumor grade (C+D) and its association with the KRAS mutant status suggest that these two molecules together are responsible for the progression of the tumor to higher/advanced stage.

[MeSH-major] Adenocarcinoma / genetics. Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / genetics. Colorectal Neoplasms / genetics. Mutation. Proto-Oncogene Proteins / genetics. Signal Transduction. Smad4 Protein / genetics. Transforming Growth Factor beta / metabolism. ras Proteins / genetics

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(PMID = 20565773.001).

[ISSN] 1471-2407

[Journal-full-title] BMC cancer

[ISO-abbreviation] BMC Cancer

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / KRAS protein, human; 0 / Proto-Oncogene Proteins; 0 / SMAD4 protein, human; 0 / Smad4 Protein; 0 / Transforming Growth Factor beta; EC 3.6.5.2 / ras Proteins

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2927996

   

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[Title] Results of surgical salvage after failed chemoradiation therapy for epidermoid carcinoma of the anal canal.

BACKGROUND: The standard treatment for epidermoid carcinoma of the anal canal consists of combined radiation and chemotherapy.

Factors that were not found to have an impact on survival included the presence of persistent versus recurrent disease, tumor (T) stage, and margin status of resection.

CONCLUSIONS: Long-term survival following salvage surgery for persistent or locally recurrent epidermoid carcinoma of the anal canal can be achieved in the majority of patients.

[MeSH-major] Anus Neoplasms / therapy. Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / therapy. Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / surgery. Neoplasm, Residual / surgery

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(PMID = 17103253.001).

[ISSN] 1068-9265

[Journal-full-title] Annals of surgical oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] Ann. Surg. Oncol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

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[Title] Transcriptional activation of integrin beta6 during the epithelial-mesenchymal transition defines a novel prognostic indicator of aggressive colon carcinoma.

We used a spheroid model of colon carcinoma to analyze integrin dynamics as a function of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process that provides a paradigm for understanding how carcinoma cells acquire a more aggressive phenotype.

This integrin enhances the tumorigenic properties of colon carcinoma, including activation of autocrine TGF-beta and migration on interstitial fibronectin.

Elevated receptor expression did not simply reflect increasing tumor stage, since log-rank analysis showed a more significant impact on the survival of patients with early-stage, as opposed to late-stage, disease.

These findings define the alphavbeta6 integrin as an important risk factor for early-stage disease and a novel therapeutic candidate for colorectal cancer.

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(PMID = 15668738.001).

[ISSN] 0021-9738

[Journal-full-title] The Journal of clinical investigation

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Clin. Invest.

[Language] ENG

[Grant] United States / NIDDK NIH HHS / DK / P30 DK034854; United States / NIDDK NIH HHS / DK / DK34854; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA107548; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA107548; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA 80789; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA080789

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / Integrin alpha5; 0 / Integrin beta Chains; 0 / Transforming Growth Factor beta; 0 / integrin beta6

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC544606

   

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[Title] [Clinical application of intersphincteric resection in the anal-preserving operation for ultra-low rectal carcinoma].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical application of intersphincter resection (ISR) combined with total mesorectal excision (TME) and colon-anal anastomosis in the treatment for ultra-low rectal carcinoma.

METHODS: To review and analyze retrospectively the data of 34 patients with ultra-low rectal carcinoma (without external anal sphincter involvement) who received treatment of ISR, TME and colon-anal anastomosis.

Reconstruction of digestive tract was done by manual colon-anal anastomosis.

The pathological types were as follows: 28 cases of adenocarcinoma (11 were well differentiated, 17 moderately differentiated), 1 case of papillary carcinoma and 5 cases of villous adenoma with malignant change.

The postoperative pathological stages were: Dukes stage A in 28 cases, stage B in 1 and stage C in 5 cases.

CONCLUSION: With strictly grasping indications, radical resection can be attained and anal sphincter preserved by ISR combined with TME and colon-anal anastomosis.

[MeSH-major] Adenocarcinoma / surgery. Anal Canal / surgery. Rectal Neoplasms / surgery. Rectum / surgery

[MeSH-minor] Adenoma, Villous / pathology. Adenoma, Villous / surgery. Adult. Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Anastomosis, Surgical. Carcinoma, Papillary / pathology. Carcinoma, Papillary / surgery. Female. Follow-Up Studies. Humans. Liver Neoplasms / secondary. Male. Middle Aged. Neoplasm Recurrence, Local. Neoplasm Staging. Retrospective Studies. Surgical Wound Dehiscence / etiology

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(PMID = 20193339.001).

[ISSN] 0253-3766

[Journal-full-title] Zhonghua zhong liu za zhi [Chinese journal of oncology]

[ISO-abbreviation] Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi

[Language] chi

[Publication-type] English Abstract; Evaluation Studies; Journal Article

[Publication-country] China

   

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[Title] Squamous-cell carcinoma of the anal canal: predictors of treatment outcome.

PURPOSE: The incidence of anal canal squamous-cell carcinoma is increasing.

METHODS: Using one database, we identified 131 Stages I-III patients treated for primary anal canal squamous-cell carcinoma at our institution from December 1986 to August 2006, with minimum six-month follow-up.

RESULTS: Of 131 patients (median age, 58.3 years; median follow-up, 2.9 (range, 0.6-11.2) years), 66 percent were females, 43.5 percent were Stage II, and 11 (8 percent) were HIV-positive.

Almost all patients undergoing radiotherapy (96.7 percent, 118/122) also had chemotherapy: 118 (100 percent, Stages I-III) had concurrent chemotherapy: (98 (83.8 percent) mitomycin/5-fluorouracil, 12 (10.2 percent) cisplatin/5-fluorouracil, 8 (6.8 percent) 5-fluorouracil alone); 35 of 46 (76 percent) Stage III patients received induction chemotherapy (34 (97.1 percent) cisplatin/5-fluorouracil, 1 (2.8 percent) 5-fluorouracil alone).

Many (44 percent Stages I/II, 48.9 percent Stage III) required dose adjustments.

Bivariate analyses demonstrated that T stage (P=0.0019), completion of radiotherapy, and total radiotherapy dose (P=0.03) were all significantly associated with treatment failure.

On multivariate analyses, disease stage (P=0.05) and completion of radiotherapy (P=0.01) remained significant predictors of relapse-free survival.

[MeSH-major] Anus Neoplasms / therapy. Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / therapy

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[ErratumIn] Dis Colon Rectum. 2008 May;51(5):620

(PMID = 18180997.001).

[ISSN] 0012-3706

[Journal-full-title] Diseases of the colon and rectum

[ISO-abbreviation] Dis. Colon Rectum

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

   

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[Title] Results of treatment of distal rectal carcinoma since the introduction of total mesorectal excision: a single unit experience, 1994-2003.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: This study reviewed the results of surgery for distal rectal cancer (where the tumour was within 6 cm of the anal verge) following the introduction of total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer in one institution.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: One hundred and fifty-three patients who had undergone elective curative surgical resection of rectal cancer within 6 cm of the anal verge were included.

On multivariate analysis type of surgery (P=0.025) and tumour stage (P=0.043), were associated with local recurrence, but only stage was a significant prognosticator of overall survival (P=0.0006).

CONCLUSION: With the practice of total mesorectal excision, APR was still necessary in 40% of patients with rectal cancer within 6 cm of the anal verge.

[MeSH-major] Carcinoma / surgery. Digestive System Surgical Procedures / methods. Postoperative Care / methods. Rectal Neoplasms / surgery

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(PMID = 15602647.001).

[ISSN] 0179-1958

[Journal-full-title] International journal of colorectal disease

[ISO-abbreviation] Int J Colorectal Dis

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Germany

   

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[Title] [Impact of meticulousness of pathologists on lymph node harvest after radical resection of invasive rectal carcinoma].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the impact of meticulousness of pathologists on the lymph node harvest after radical resection of invasive rectal carcinoma.

METHODS: From January 2008 to May 2009, the clinical data of rectal cancer patients undergone operation were reviewed retrospectively.

After multidisciplinary cooperation on rectal cancer, a new rule was applied to request the pathologists to find no less than 15 nodes in single colorectal specimen from January 2009.

Excluded criteria were recurrent colorectal tumor, Tis tumor, R(1) or R(2) resection, tumor resection transanally or endoscopically, the cases enrolled in other prospective research, synchronous diseases affecting the surgical procedure for the rectal cancer (familial adenomatous polyposis, synchronous colorectal carcinoma) and rectal cancer receiving neoadjuvant chemoradiation.

There were no significant differences in gender (46/76 vs 86/156, P=0.436), age (58.1+/-1.3 vs 59.2+/-1.1, P=0.527), distance from tumor to anal verge (7.4+/-0.4 vs 7.1+/-0.3, P=0.761), proportion of sphincter-sparing surgery (67/76 vs 140/156, P=0.715), ratio of well and moderate differentiated tumors (68/76 vs 125/156, P=0.074) and overall TNM stage (P=0.167) between the two groups.

The good performance of pathologists could produce adequate number of lymph nodes for rectal cancer without neoadjuvant chemoradiation.

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(PMID = 19921565.001).

[ISSN] 1671-0274

[Journal-full-title] Zhonghua wei chang wai ke za zhi = Chinese journal of gastrointestinal surgery

[ISO-abbreviation] Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi

[Language] chi

[Publication-type] English Abstract; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] China

   

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An automatic three-dimensional non-rigid registration scheme is proposed in this paper and applied to thoracic computed tomography (CT) data of patients with stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

[MeSH-major] Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / radiography. Imaging, Three-Dimensional / methods. Lung Neoplasms / radiography. Pattern Recognition, Automated / methods. Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / methods. Radiography, Thoracic / methods. Subtraction Technique

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(PMID = 15854844.001).

[ISSN] 1361-8415

[Journal-full-title] Medical image analysis

[ISO-abbreviation] Med Image Anal

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Clinical Trial; Controlled Clinical Trial; Journal Article

[Publication-country] England

   

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[Title] Involved-field, low-dose chemoradiotherapy for early-stage anal carcinoma.

PURPOSE: To report the results of patients with early-stage anal cancer treated using a low-dose, reduced-volume, involved-field chemoradiotherapy protocol.

All were considered to have Stage N0 disease radiologically.

CONCLUSION: The results of our study have shown that for patients with anal carcinoma who have residual microscopic or very-small-volume disease, a policy of low-dose, reduced-volume, involved-field chemoradiotherapy produces excellent local control and disease-free survival, with low rates of acute and late toxicity.

[MeSH-major] Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use. Anus Neoplasms / drug therapy. Anus Neoplasms / radiotherapy

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(PMID = 17919842.001).

[ISSN] 0360-3016

[Journal-full-title] International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics

[ISO-abbreviation] Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 50SG953SK6 / Mitomycin; U3P01618RT / Fluorouracil

   

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We evaluated the influence of diesel exhaust particulate matter on PAH-induced cytochrome P450 (CYP) activity, PAH-DNA adduct formation, expression of certain candidate genes and the frequency of tumor initiation in the two-stage Sencar mouse model.

The applied diesel particulate matter (SRM(1975)) altered the tumor initiating potency of DBP: a statistically significant decrease in overall tumor and carcinoma burden was observed following 25 weeks of promotion with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), compared with DBP exposure alone.

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(PMID = 18353537.001).

[ISSN] 0304-3835

[Journal-full-title] Cancer letters

[ISO-abbreviation] Cancer Lett.

[Language] ENG

[Grant] United States / NIEHS NIH HHS / ES / P30 ES00210; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA028825-21; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA028825-19; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA028825-21; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA028825; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA028825-19; United Kingdom / Cancer Research UK / / ; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA028825-23; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA028825-22; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA28825; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA028825-20; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA028825-20; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA028825-24; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA028825-22; United States / NIEHS NIH HHS / ES / T32 ES007060; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA028825-24; United States / NIEHS NIH HHS / ES / P30 ES000210; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA028825-23

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Ireland

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Benzopyrenes; 0 / Carcinogens; 0 / DNA Adducts; 0 / Particulate Matter; 0 / Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic; 0 / Vehicle Emissions; 0 / polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons-DNA adduct; 191-30-0 / dibenzo(a,l)pyrene; 3417WMA06D / Benzo(a)pyrene; EC 1.14.14.1 / Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; EC 1.14.14.1 / Cyp1b1 protein, mouse; EC 1.14.14.1 / Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1; EC 1.14.14.1 / Cytochrome P-450 CYP1B1; NI40JAQ945 / Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate

[Other-IDs] NLM/ NIHMS53855; NLM/ PMC2519885

   

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The data were collected on all AIDS- and not-AIDS-defined haematological malignancies and all AIDS- and not-AIDS-defined solid malignant tumors in HIV-positive patients, as well as on time of diagnosis of the malignancy, tumor stage, tumor treatment and response to treatment.

Of the 200 (52.6%) not-AIDS-defined malignant tumors 133 were 133 solid tumors, 40 of them anal carcinoma (20% of all not-AIDS-defined malignancies) and 67 haematological malignancies, 22 of these Hodgkin's lymphoma (11.0% of all not-AIDS-defined malignancies).

The incidence of anal carcinoma is estimated to be 34 (95% CI 24-470) per 100 000 patient-years, that of Hodgkin's lymphoma 19 (95% CI 12-28) per 100 000 patient-years.

Of special note is the high incidence of anal carcinoma and Hodgkin's lymphoma, compared with their incidence among the entire German population.

[MeSH-major] Anus Neoplasms / epidemiology. HIV Infections / complications. Hodgkin Disease / epidemiology. Neoplasms / epidemiology. Neoplasms / virology

[MeSH-minor] Carcinoma / epidemiology. Female. Germany / epidemiology. Humans. Incidence. Male. Retrospective Studies. Sex Factors. Surveys and Questionnaires

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(PMID = 16915544.001).

[ISSN] 0012-0472

[Journal-full-title] Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)

[ISO-abbreviation] Dtsch. Med. Wochenschr.

[Language] ger

[Publication-type] English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Germany

   

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[Title] Correlation of modified Gleason grading of prostate carcinoma with age, serum prostate specific antigen and tumor extent in needle biopsy specimens.

STUDY DESIGN: A total of 828 consecutive needle biopsy specimens of prostate carcinoma were collected from the years 1995 and 2000 (graded with conventional Gleason grading) and 2006 and 2007 (graded with modified Gleason grading).

RESULTS: Both conventional and modified Gleason grading correlated with age, serum PSA, percent positive biopsies and percent cancer length.

Serum PSA and percent positive cores were lower than in the 1995 and 2000 group, indicating a stage shift downward, but the Gleason scores were nevertheless higher.

CONCLUSION: Conventional and modified Gleason grading both correlated with age, serum PSA and cancer involvement in needle biopsies.

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(PMID = 18630837.001).

[ISSN] 0884-6812

[Journal-full-title] Analytical and quantitative cytology and histology

[ISO-abbreviation] Anal. Quant. Cytol. Histol.

[Language] ENG

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; EC 3.4.21.77 / Prostate-Specific Antigen

   

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[Title] Expression of cell adhesion molecules in oesophageal carcinoma and its prognostic value.

Oesophageal carcinoma remains a disease of poor prognosis.

Surgical cure rates are compromised by the fact that most patients are diagnosed at a late stage of disease because of the delayed onset of symptoms, by which time metastases and organ infiltration may have already occurred.

This review provides a brief description of five families of CAMs (cadherins, integrins, CD44, immunoglobulin superfamily, and selectins) and highlights their altered expression in relation both to prognosis and tumour behaviour in squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus.

[MeSH-minor] Adenocarcinoma / chemistry. Antigens, CD44 / analysis. Cadherins / analysis. Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / chemistry. Humans. Integrins / analysis. Neoplasm Metastasis. Prognosis. Selectins / analysis

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(PMID = 15790695.001).

[ISSN] 0021-9746

[Journal-full-title] Journal of clinical pathology

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Clin. Pathol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antigens, CD44; 0 / Cadherins; 0 / Cell Adhesion Molecules; 0 / Integrins; 0 / Selectins

[Number-of-references] 132

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC1770622

   

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[Title] Magnetic resonance imaging assessment of squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal before and after chemoradiation: can MRI predict for eventual clinical outcome?

PURPOSE: To describe the MRI appearances of squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal before and after chemoradiation and to assess whether MRI features predict for clinical outcome.

METHODS AND MATERIALS: Thirty-five patients (15 male, 20 female; mean age 60.8 years) with histologically proven squamous cell cancer of the anal canal underwent MRI before and 6-8 weeks after definitive chemoradiation.

Images were reviewed retrospectively by two radiologists in consensus blinded to clinical outcome: tumor size, signal intensity, extent, and TNM stage were recorded.

[MeSH-major] Anus Neoplasms / pathology. Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / pathology. Magnetic Resonance Imaging

[MeSH-minor] Anal Canal / pathology. Analysis of Variance. Female. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / pathology. Neoplasm Staging. Retrospective Studies. Treatment Outcome. Tumor Burden

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[Copyright] Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

(PMID = 20171812.001).

[ISSN] 1879-355X

[Journal-full-title] International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics

[ISO-abbreviation] Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Evaluation Studies; Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

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[Title] Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for rectal carcinoma: effects on anastomotic leak rate and postoperative bladder dysfunction after non-emergency sphincter-preserving anterior rectal resection. Results of the Quality Assurance in Rectal Cancer Surgery multicenter observational trial.

INTRODUCTION: Randomized trials have demonstrated a reduction in local recurrence rate in rectal cancer patients treated with preoperative chemoradiotherapy and total mesorectal excision (TME) compared to patients undergoing TME alone.

It was the aim of our analysis to investigate the influence of preoperative chemoradiotherapy on anastomotic leak rate and postoperative bladder dysfunction in rectal cancer patients using a representative data set from the Quality Assurance in Rectal Cancer Surgery multicenter observational trial.

METHOD: This is a retrospective analysis of data from the Quality Assurance in Rectal Cancer Surgery prospective multicenter observational trial.

Data of all patients undergoing curatively intended sphincter-preserving resection for UICC stage I through III rectal carcinoma between 01 Jan 2005 and 31 Dec 2007 with or without preoperative chemoradiotherapy (groups A and B, respectively) were included.

Significant differences were present between groups regarding age, sex, distance of the tumor from the anal verge, pT-stage, UICC stage, hepatic risk factors, and use of protective enterostomy by univariate analysis.

CONCLUSION: Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for rectal carcinoma does not increase the risk for anastomotic leakage or postoperative bladder dysfunction after curatively intended sphincter-preserving rectal resection.

[MeSH-major] Anal Canal / surgery. Anastomotic Leak / etiology. Neoadjuvant Therapy. Postoperative Complications / etiology. Quality Assurance, Health Care. Rectal Neoplasms / drug therapy. Rectal Neoplasms / radiotherapy. Rectum / surgery. Urinary Bladder Diseases / etiology

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(PMID = 20711786.001).

[ISSN] 1435-2451

[Journal-full-title] Langenbeck's archives of surgery

[ISO-abbreviation] Langenbecks Arch Surg

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article; Multicenter Study

[Publication-country] Germany

   

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Subsequently, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been used as a general name for conditions ranging from simple steatosis through steatohepatitis to end-stage liver disease (cirrhosis).

Longitudinal cohort studies have demonstrated that those patients with cirrhosis have a similar risk to develop hepatocellular carcinoma as those with other causes of cirrhosis.

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(PMID = 18442193.001).

[ISSN] 2219-2840

[Journal-full-title] World journal of gastroenterology

[ISO-abbreviation] World J. Gastroenterol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] China

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; 0 / Leptin; 0 / Lipids

[Number-of-references] 152

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2708357

   

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[Title] Anal carcinoma of the elderly treated with radiotherapy alone or with concomitant radio-chemotherapy.

PURPOSE: To analyse the results achieved with radio-chemotherapy (RTCT) or radiotherapy alone (RT) in elderly patients (pts) affected with squamous cell anal cancer.

There were 9 stage I, 29 stage II, 11 stage IIIa and 13 stage IIIb.

RESULTS: Stage II fared significantly better than stage III in terms of locoregional control (LRC) but not overall survival (OS).

[MeSH-major] Anus Neoplasms / drug therapy. Anus Neoplasms / radiotherapy. Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / drug therapy. Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / radiotherapy

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(PMID = 17085056.001).

[ISSN] 1040-8428

[Journal-full-title] Critical reviews in oncology/hematology

[ISO-abbreviation] Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] Ireland

   

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[Title] [Epidermoid carcinomas of anal canal treated with radiation therapy and concomitant chemotherapy (5-fluorouracil and cisplatin)].

[Transliterated title] Carcinomes épidermoïdes du canal anal traités par association concomitante de radiothérapie et de chimiothérapie. Evaluation des résultats fonctionnels.

PURPOSE: To evaluate our results after radiation therapy and concomitant chemotherapy in terms of local control, survival and toxicity in patients with anal cancer.

The T-stage according to the 2001 UICC classification were: 2 T1, 26 T2, 25 T3, and 7 T4.

LC rate with a good anal function scoring (score 0 and 1) was 70%.

Among 43 pts who preserved their anus, 98% had a good anal function scoring.

Late severe complication was observed in 3 pts: 2 pts with painful necrosis of the anus requiring colostomy and 1 pt with grade 3 rectal bleeding.

[MeSH-major] Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use. Anus Neoplasms / drug therapy. Anus Neoplasms / radiotherapy. Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / drug therapy. Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / radiotherapy

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Anal Canal / pathology. Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / administration & dosage. Brachytherapy. Cisplatin / administration & dosage. Combined Modality Therapy. Disease-Free Survival. Female. Fluorouracil / administration & dosage. Follow-Up Studies. HIV Seropositivity. Humans. Lymphatic Metastasis. Male. Middle Aged. Multivariate Analysis. Neoplasm Recurrence, Local. Neoplasm Staging. Prognosis. Radiotherapy Dosage. Time Factors. Treatment Outcome

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(PMID = 17110148.001).

[ISSN] 1278-3218

[Journal-full-title] Cancer radiothérapie : journal de la Société française de radiothérapie oncologique

[ISO-abbreviation] Cancer Radiother

[Language] fre

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; English Abstract; Evaluation Studies; Journal Article

[Publication-country] France

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; Q20Q21Q62J / Cisplatin; U3P01618RT / Fluorouracil

   

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However, its role in the curative treatment of invasive carcinoma is controversial.

The median tumour distance from the anal verge was 8 (range 1-16) cm.

Histological examination of carcinomas revealed pathological tumour (pT) stage 1 in 31 patients, pT2 in 17 and pT3 in four.

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[CommentIn] Br J Surg. 2007 Sep;94(9):1179; author reply 1179 [17701963.001]

(PMID = 17335125.001).

[ISSN] 0007-1323

[Journal-full-title] The British journal of surgery

[ISO-abbreviation] Br J Surg

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] England

   

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[Title] Simultaneous operation of ischemic heart disease, abdominal aortic aneurysm, and rectal cancer.

A 68-year-old man with ischemic heart disease, abdominal aortic aneurysm, and rectal cancer was referred.

Barium enema revealed stenosis 4 cm in length 5 cm inward from the anal verge, and an endoscopic finding was ulcerated type tumor with a clear margin and circumferential stenosis.

Histological examination of a biopsy specimen revealed adenocarcinoma, and the clinical stage in the Japanese classification of colorectal carcinoma was II according to other examinations.

Simultaneous operations were scheduled because of the jeopardized collaterals of the coronary arteries, rapid expansion of the aneurysm, and subileus due to the cancer.

The patient is doing well 12 months after the operation, without myocardial ischemic symptoms or recurrence of the cancer.

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[Cites] Tex Heart Inst J. 2000;27(1):19-23 [10830623.001]

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(PMID = 16025367.001).

[ISSN] 0910-8327

[Journal-full-title] Heart and vessels

[ISO-abbreviation] Heart Vessels

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Japan

   

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[Title] Management of anal cancer in 2010. Part 2: current treatment standards and future directions.

The treatment of anal squamous cell cancer with definitive chemoradiation is the gold-standard therapy for localized anal cancer, primarily because of its sphincter-saving and colostomy-sparing potential.

In the concluding part of this review, we consider the data on chemoradiation with 5-FU/mitomycin vs radiation alone, chemoradiation with 5-FU/mitomycin vs chemoradiation with 5-FU alone, neoadjuvant chemotherapy with cisplatin/5-FU followed by cisplatin/5-FU plus radiation vs mitomycin/5-FU plus radiation, the addition of induction or maintenance chemotherapy to chemoradiation, the effect of overall treatment time on tumor control, whether chemotherapy can be eliminated for early-stage anal cancer, and the impact of human immunodeficiency virus infection on treatment.

[MeSH-major] Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use. Anus Neoplasms / drug therapy. Anus Neoplasms / radiotherapy. Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / drug therapy. Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / radiotherapy

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[CommentIn] Oncology (Williston Park). 2010 Apr 30;24(5):427-30 [20480742.001]

[CommentIn] Oncology (Williston Park). 2010 Apr 30;24(5):424-7 [20480741.001]

(PMID = 20480740.001).

[ISSN] 0890-9091

[Journal-full-title] Oncology (Williston Park, N.Y.)

[ISO-abbreviation] Oncology (Williston Park, N.Y.)

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 50SG953SK6 / Mitomycin; Q20Q21Q62J / Cisplatin; U3P01618RT / Fluorouracil

[Number-of-references] 52

   

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[Title] The bottom line: outcomes after conservation treatment in anal cancer.

At the Department of Radiation Oncology, Westmead Hospital, between 1980 and 2000, 60 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of anal canal or margin (including 15 with Stage IIIA or IIIB) were treated radically; 55 received chemoradiation (89% were prescribed mitomycin C and 5-fluorouracil).

Most patients with anal cancer can expect to retain a functional sphincter after chemoradiation/radiation.

[MeSH-major] Anus Neoplasms / therapy. Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / therapy

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(PMID = 16499727.001).

[ISSN] 0004-8461

[Journal-full-title] Australasian radiology

[ISO-abbreviation] Australas Radiol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] Australia

[Chemical-registry-number] 50SG953SK6 / Mitomycin; U3P01618RT / Fluorouracil

   

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[Title] Patterns of failure and outcome in patients with carcinoma of the anal margin.

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the outcome of patients with carcinoma of anal margin in terms of recurrence, survival, and radiation toxicity.

METHODS: A series of 45 consecutive patients, with anal margin carcinoma treated between 1983 and 2006 with curative intent at two institutions, was retrospectively analyzed.

The overall anal conservation rate was 80% for the whole series.

There was no significant association between local recurrence and patient age, histological grade, tumor size, T stage, overall treatment time, RT dose, or chemotherapy.

[MeSH-major] Anus Neoplasms / therapy. Carcinoma, Basal Cell / therapy. Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / therapy

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Anal Canal / surgery. Combined Modality Therapy. Female. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / epidemiology. Radiotherapy, Adjuvant. Retrospective Studies. Survival Analysis. Treatment Failure. Treatment Outcome

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(PMID = 18231838.001).

[ISSN] 1534-4681

[Journal-full-title] Annals of surgical oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] Ann. Surg. Oncol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

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The aim of this study was to analyze the expression of ADAM15 and its potential ligand, integrin alpha(v)beta3 (CD51/CD61), in lung carcinoma cell lines and tissues.

Paraffin sections of pulmonary epithelial tumors, including SCLCs (n=26), squamous cell cancer (SCCs, n=27) and adenocarcinomas (ACs, n=17) were stained with antibodies to the ectosolic and cytosolic domain of ADAM15 and alpha(v)beta3 integrin complex.

Overall analysis of all tumor specimens and each tumor type revealed no significant correlation between tumor stage or degree of differentiation and ADAM15 ectosolic or cytosolic domain expression in tumor cells.

In summary, lung carcinoma cell lines and tissues were frequently ADAM15 positive.

[MeSH-major] Adenocarcinoma / metabolism. Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / metabolism. Integrin alphaVbeta3 / metabolism. Lung Neoplasms / metabolism. Membrane Proteins / metabolism. Metalloendopeptidases / metabolism

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(PMID = 15756594.001).

[ISSN] 0945-6317

[Journal-full-title] Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology

[ISO-abbreviation] Virchows Arch.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Germany

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Integrin alphaVbeta3; 0 / Membrane Proteins; 0 / RNA, Messenger; 0 / RNA, Neoplasm; EC 3.4.24.- / ADAM Proteins; EC 3.4.24.- / ADAM15 protein, human; EC 3.4.24.- / Metalloendopeptidases