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6. Okada S: [Recent advances and the treatment strategies of AIDS-related malignant lymphoma]. Rinsho Ketsueki; 2008 Oct;49(10):1490-8
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  • [Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  • [Title] [Recent advances and the treatment strategies of AIDS-related malignant lymphoma].
  • [MeSH-major] Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related
  • [MeSH-minor] Antibodies, Monoclonal / therapeutic use. Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived. Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / administration & dosage. Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use. Bleomycin / administration & dosage. Burkitt Lymphoma / therapy. Cyclophosphamide / administration & dosage. Doxorubicin / administration & dosage. Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. Hodgkin Disease / therapy. Humans. Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / therapy. Prednisone / administration & dosage. Rituximab. Transplantation, Autologous. Vincristine / administration & dosage

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  • (PMID = 18833933.001).
  • [ISSN] 0485-1439
  • [Journal-full-title] [Rinshō ketsueki] The Japanese journal of clinical hematology
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Rinsho Ketsueki
  • [Language] jpn
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Review
  • [Publication-country] Japan
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antibodies, Monoclonal; 0 / Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; 11056-06-7 / Bleomycin; 4F4X42SYQ6 / Rituximab; 5J49Q6B70F / Vincristine; 80168379AG / Doxorubicin; 8N3DW7272P / Cyclophosphamide; VB0R961HZT / Prednisone; ACVB protocol; CHOP protocol
  • [Number-of-references] 92
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7. Ojha J, Gupta A, Aziz N: Intraoral diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with Burkitt-like morphology in an HIV-positive patient--a diagnostic dilemma. J Oral Maxillofac Surg; 2010 Oct;68(10):2632-8
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  • [Title] Intraoral diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with Burkitt-like morphology in an HIV-positive patient--a diagnostic dilemma.
  • [MeSH-major] Burkitt Lymphoma / pathology. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / pathology. Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / pathology. Maxillary Neoplasms / pathology
  • [MeSH-minor] Diagnosis, Differential. Fatal Outcome. Humans. Male. Maxillary Sinus Neoplasms / pathology. Middle Aged

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  • (PMID = 20591554.001).
  • [ISSN] 1531-5053
  • [Journal-full-title] Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery : official journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
  • [ISO-abbreviation] J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg.
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article
  • [Publication-country] United States
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8. Bibas M, Antinori A: EBV and HIV-Related Lymphoma. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis; 2009;1(2):e2009032
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  • [Title] EBV and HIV-Related Lymphoma.
  • HIV-associated lymphoproliferative disorders represent a heterogeneous group of diseases, arising in the presence of HIV-associated immunodeficiency.
  • The overall prevalence of HIV-associated lymphoma is significantly higher compared to that of the general population and it continues to be relevant even after the wide availability of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) (1).
  • It has been largely implicated in the development of B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders as Burkitt lymphoma (BL), Hodgkin disease (HD), systemic non Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL), nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NC).
  • Virus-associated lymphomas are becoming of significant concern for the mortality of long-lived HIV immunocompromised patients, and therefore, research of advanced strategies for AIDS-related lymphomas is an important field in cancer chemotherapy.
  • Detailed understanding of the EBV lifecycle and related cancers at the molecular level is required for novel strategies of molecular-targeted cancer chemotherapy The linkage of HIV-related lymphoma with EBV infection of the tumor clone has several pathogenetic, prognostic and possibly therapeutic implications which are reviewed herein.

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  • (PMID = 21416008.001).
  • [ISSN] 2035-3006
  • [Journal-full-title] Mediterranean journal of hematology and infectious diseases
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article
  • [Publication-country] Italy
  • [Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC3033170
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9. Giacinti C, Giordano A: RB and cell cycle progression. Oncogene; 2006 Aug 28;25(38):5220-7
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  • [Title] RB and cell cycle progression.
  • The Rb protein is a tumor suppressor, which plays a pivotal role in the negative control of the cell cycle and in tumor progression.
  • It has been shown that Rb protein (pRb) is responsible for a major G1 checkpoint, blocking S-phase entry and cell growth.
  • Loss of pRb functions may induce cell cycle deregulation and so lead to a malignant phenotype.
  • Functional inactivation of pRb by viral oncoprotein binding is also shown in many neoplasias such as cervical cancer, mesothelioma and AIDS-related Burkitt's lymphoma.
  • [MeSH-major] Cell Cycle / genetics. Retinoblastoma Protein / genetics
  • [MeSH-minor] Cell Division / genetics. Chromosome Mapping. Chromosomes, Human, Pair 13. Genes, Tumor Suppressor. Humans. Transcription, Genetic. Tumor Suppressor Proteins / genetics

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  • (PMID = 16936740.001).
  • [ISSN] 0950-9232
  • [Journal-full-title] Oncogene
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Oncogene
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review
  • [Publication-country] England
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Retinoblastoma Protein; 0 / Tumor Suppressor Proteins
  • [Number-of-references] 86
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10. Capello D, Scandurra M, Poretti G, Rancoita PM, Mian M, Gloghini A, Deambrogi C, Martini M, Rossi D, Greiner TC, Chan WC, Ponzoni M, Moreno SM, Piris MA, Canzonieri V, Spina M, Tirelli U, Inghirami G, Rinaldi A, Zucca E, Favera RD, Cavalli F, Larocca LM, Kwee I, Carbone A, Gaidano G, Bertoni F: Genome wide DNA-profiling of HIV-related B-cell lymphomas. Br J Haematol; 2010 Jan;148(2):245-55
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  • [Title] Genome wide DNA-profiling of HIV-related B-cell lymphomas.
  • Non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) represent a frequent complication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.
  • To elucidate HIV-NHL pathogenesis, we performed a genome-wide DNA profiling based on a single nucleotide polymorphism-based microarray comparative genomic hybridization in 57 HIV-lymphomas and, for comparison, in 105 immunocompetent diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (IC-DLBCL).
  • HIV-Burkitt lymphoma showed a significantly lower number of lesions than HIV-DLBCL (P = 0.032), whereas the median number of copy number changes was significantly higher in Epstein-Barr virus negative (EBV-) HIV-DLBCL (42.5, range 8-153) compared to EBV+ cases (22; range 3-41; P = 0.029).
  • Fragile sites-associated genes, including FHIT (FRA3B), WWOX (FRA16D), DCC (FRA18B) and PARK2 (FRA6E) were frequently inactivated in HIV-NHL by interstitial deletions, and a significantly higher prevalence of FHIT alterations was observed in HIV-DLBCL compared to IC-DLBCL.
  • [MeSH-major] Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / genetics. Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / genetics. Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
  • [MeSH-minor] Burkitt Lymphoma / genetics. Chromosome Aberrations. DNA Methylation. Gene Frequency. Humans. Microarray Analysis. Polymerase Chain Reaction / methods

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  • (PMID = 19832807.001).
  • [ISSN] 1365-2141
  • [Journal-full-title] British journal of haematology
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Br. J. Haematol.
  • [Language] eng
  • [Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U01 CA114778; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U01 CA114778-05; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / UO1 CA 114778
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
  • [Publication-country] England
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11. Gormley RP, Madan R, Dulau AE, Xu D, Tamas EF, Bhattacharyya PK, LeValley A, Xue X, Kumar P, Sparano J, Ramesh KH, Pulijaal V, Cannizzaro L, Walsh D, Ioachim HL, Ratech H: Germinal center and activated b-cell profiles separate Burkitt lymphoma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in AIDS and non-AIDS cases. Am J Clin Pathol; 2005 Nov;124(5):790-8
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  • [Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  • [Title] Germinal center and activated b-cell profiles separate Burkitt lymphoma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in AIDS and non-AIDS cases.
  • Morphologic features of Burkitt lymphoma (BL) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) overlap.
  • We tested a panel of 8 germinal center (GC) and activated B-cell (ABC) markers for their ability to separate BL and DLBCL.
  • We diagnosed 16 BL and 39 DLBCL cases from 21 patients with AIDS and 34 without AIDS based on traditional morphologic criteria, Ki-67 proliferative index, and c-myc rearrangement (fluorescence in situ hybridization).
  • Hierarchical clustering yielded 2 major clusters significantly associated with morphologic diagnosis (P < .001).
  • This revealed a high-GC/low-ABC group and a low-GC/high-ABC group that were associated significantly with morphologic diagnosis (P < .001).
  • [MeSH-major] B-Lymphocytes / immunology. Burkitt Lymphoma / pathology. Germinal Center / immunology. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / pathology. Lymphoma, B-Cell / pathology. Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / pathology
  • [MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Aged. Child. Child, Preschool. Diagnosis, Differential. Female. Humans. Immunohistochemistry. Lymphocyte Activation. Male. Middle Aged. Retrospective Studies



12. Nyirenda M, Latham T, Glover S: Ward round--Recurrent anemia and infection in an HIV-positive woman. Burkitt's lymphoma. Malawi Med J; 2009 Jun;21(2):86, 88-9
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  • [Title] Ward round--Recurrent anemia and infection in an HIV-positive woman. Burkitt's lymphoma.
  • [MeSH-major] Anemia / complications. Burkitt Lymphoma / complications. HIV Infections / complications. HIV Seropositivity / complications. Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / complications
  • [MeSH-minor] Adult. Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / administration & dosage. Dexamethasone / administration & dosage. Female. Humans. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / therapy. Palliative Care / methods. Prognosis. Recurrence



13. Mwakigonja AR, Kaaya EE, Mgaya EM: Malignant lymphomas (ML) and HIV infection in Tanzania. J Exp Clin Cancer Res; 2008;27:9
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  • BACKGROUND: HIV infection is reported to be associated with some malignant lymphomas (ML) so called AIDS-related lymphomas (ARL), with an aggressive behavior and poor prognosis.
  • The ML frequency, pathogenicity, clinical patterns and possible association with AIDS in Tanzania, are not well documented impeding the development of preventive and therapeutic strategies.
  • METHODS: Sections of 176 archival formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded biopsies of ML patients at Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH)/Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS), Tanzania from 1996-2001 were stained for hematoxylin and eosin and selected (70) cases for expression of pan-leucocytic (CD45), B-cell (CD20), T-cell (CD3), Hodgkin/RS cell (CD30), histiocyte (CD68) and proliferation (Ki-67) antigen markers.
  • RESULTS: The proportion of ML out of all diagnosed tumors at MNH during the 6 year period was 4.2% (176/4200) comprising 77.84% non-Hodgkin (NHL) including 19.32% Burkitt's (BL) and 22.16% Hodgkin's disease (HD).
  • Supra-diaphragmatic presentation was commonest and histological sub-types were mostly aggressive B-cell lymphomas however, no clear cases of primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) and primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) were diagnosed.
  • CONCLUSION: Malignant lymphomas apparently, increased significantly among diagnosed tumors at MNH between 1996 and 2001, predominantly among the young, HIV infected and AIDS patients.
  • The frequent aggressive clinical and histological presentation as well as the dominant B-immunophenotype and the HIV serology indicate a pathogenic association with AIDS.
  • Therefore, routine HIV screening of all malignant lymphoma patients at MNH is necessary to enable comprehensive ARL diagnosis and formulation of preventive and therapeutic protocols.
  • [MeSH-major] HIV Infections / complications. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / epidemiology
  • [MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Burkitt Lymphoma / epidemiology. Burkitt Lymphoma / etiology. Burkitt Lymphoma / virology. Child. Child, Preschool. Female. HIV Seropositivity. Hodgkin Disease / epidemiology. Hodgkin Disease / etiology. Hodgkin Disease / virology. Humans. Immunohistochemistry. Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / epidemiology. Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / etiology. Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / virology. Male. Middle Aged. Tanzania / epidemiology



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4. Grogg KL, Miller RF, Dogan A: HIV infection and lymphoma. J Clin Pathol; 2007 Dec;60(12):1365-72
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  • [Title] HIV infection and lymphoma.
  • The incidence of lymphoma in patients with HIV infection greatly exceeds that of the general population.
  • The increased risk for lymphoma appears related to multiple factors, including the transforming properties of the retrovirus itself, the immunosuppression and cytokine dysregulation that results from the disease, and, most importantly, opportunistic infections with other lymphotrophic herpes viruses such as Epstein-Barr virus and human herpesvirus 8.
  • However, following the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy, the risk for developing lymphoma in the context of HIV infection has decreased and the clinical outcome has improved.
  • [MeSH-major] Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / pathology
  • [MeSH-minor] Burkitt Lymphoma / immunology. Burkitt Lymphoma / pathology. Burkitt Lymphoma / virology. Hodgkin Disease / immunology. Hodgkin Disease / pathology. Hodgkin Disease / virology. Humans. Immunocompetence. Immunocompromised Host. Lymphoma, B-Cell / immunology. Lymphoma, B-Cell / pathology. Lymphoma, B-Cell / virology

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  • (PMID = 18042692.001).
  • [ISSN] 1472-4146
  • [Journal-full-title] Journal of clinical pathology
  • [ISO-abbreviation] J. Clin. Pathol.
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Review
  • [Publication-country] England
  • [Number-of-references] 80
  • [Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2095580
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15. Kaaya EE, Castaños-Velez E, Ekman M, Mwakigonja A, Carneiro P, Lema L, Kitinya J, Linde A, Biberfeld P: AIDS and non AIDS-related malignant lymphoma in Tanzania. Afr Health Sci; 2006 Jun;6(2):69-75
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  • [Title] AIDS and non AIDS-related malignant lymphoma in Tanzania.
  • BACKGROUND: Malignant lymphoma (ML) in HIV patients, are second in frequency to Kaposi's sarcoma (AKS) as AIDS-defining tumors.
  • In Africa the frequency of AIDS-related lymphoma (ARL) is rare and the findings are controversial.
  • Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) lesions are now causally associated with KSHV/HHV-8 but whether African ARL shows this association is not clear.
  • Both retrospective and prospective lymphoma cases were classified according to the revised European-American (REAL) classification.
  • OBJECTIVES: To determine the frequency and type of AIDS and non-AIDS related malignant lymphoma in Tanzania and a possible co-association with KSHV/HHV-8 and EBV.
  • The tumors were classified as Burkitt's (6), diffuse large cell (10), precursor-B lymphoblastic (1) and Hodgkin's disease (5) from HIV positive and negative patients.
  • Ten (40%) high grade ML and three Hodgkin's lymphoma from HIV patients had HHV-8 DNA.
  • These findings were not related to age, sex or type of lymphoma.
  • There was no association of HHV-8 with the lymphoma cells.
  • CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests an overall increased frequency of ML patients infected with HHV-8 in Tanzania particularly in HIV patients which may result from the well established high HHV-8 prevalence in the general population, but HHV-8 was not associated with ARL pathogenesis as reflected by lack of tumor cell infection.
  • [MeSH-major] Lymphoma / epidemiology. Lymphoma / pathology. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / epidemiology
  • [MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Aged. Biopsy, Needle. Burkitt Lymphoma / epidemiology. Burkitt Lymphoma / pathology. Child. Child, Preschool. Developing Countries. Female. Herpesvirus 4, Human / isolation & purification. Herpesvirus 8, Human / isolation & purification. Hodgkin Disease / epidemiology. Hodgkin Disease / pathology. Humans. Immunohistochemistry. In Situ Hybridization. Incidence. Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / epidemiology. Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / pathology. Male. Middle Aged. Polymerase Chain Reaction. Registries. Retrospective Studies. Risk Assessment. Sarcoma, Kaposi / epidemiology. Sarcoma, Kaposi / pathology. Sarcoma, Kaposi / virology. Survival Analysis. Tanzania / epidemiology. Young Adult

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  • (PMID = 16916294.001).
  • [ISSN] 1729-0503
  • [Journal-full-title] African health sciences
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Afr Health Sci
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • [Publication-country] Uganda
  • [Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC1831982
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16. Poh KK, Cury RC, Solis J, Fischman AJ, Wood MJ: Images in cardiovascular medicine. Complementary role of multimodality imaging in the evaluation of intracardiac lymphoma in an HIV-infected man. Circulation; 2007 Mar 27;115(12):e339-41
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  • [Title] Images in cardiovascular medicine. Complementary role of multimodality imaging in the evaluation of intracardiac lymphoma in an HIV-infected man.
  • [MeSH-major] Burkitt Lymphoma / diagnosis. Heart Neoplasms / diagnosis. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / diagnosis

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  • (PMID = 17389272.001).
  • [ISSN] 1524-4539
  • [Journal-full-title] Circulation
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Circulation
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article
  • [Publication-country] United States
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17. Berk DR, Cheng A, Lind AC, Bayliss SJ: Burkitt lymphoma with cutaneous involvement. Dermatol Online J; 2008;14(2):14
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  • [Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  • [Title] Burkitt lymphoma with cutaneous involvement.
  • [MeSH-major] Burkitt Lymphoma / pathology. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / pathology. Skin / pathology
  • [MeSH-minor] AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / etiology. Adult. Axilla. Candidiasis / etiology. Cellulitis / diagnosis. Diagnostic Errors. Disease Progression. Fatal Outcome. Fungemia / etiology. Humans. Male

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  • (PMID = 18700117.001).
  • [ISSN] 1087-2108
  • [Journal-full-title] Dermatology online journal
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Dermatol. Online J.
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article
  • [Publication-country] United States
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18. Corti M, Villafañe MF, Souto L, Schtirbu R, Narbaitz M, Soler Mde D: Burkitt's lymphoma of the duodenum in a patient with AIDS. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop; 2007 May-Jun;40(3):338-40
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  • [Title] Burkitt's lymphoma of the duodenum in a patient with AIDS.
  • Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of B-cell type is the second most common neoplasm after Kaposi's sarcoma, among patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection.
  • Most non-Hodgkin's lymphoma cases that are associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome involve extranodal sites, especially the digestive tract and the central nervous system.
  • We report a case of primary lymphoma of the duodenum in a patient with AIDS.
  • A complete diagnostic study including histological, immunohistochemical and virological analyses showed high-grade B-cell Burkitt's lymphoma.
  • [MeSH-major] Burkitt Lymphoma / diagnosis. Duodenal Neoplasms / diagnosis. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / diagnosis

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  • (PMID = 17653472.001).
  • [ISSN] 0037-8682
  • [Journal-full-title] Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article
  • [Publication-country] Brazil
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19. Gobbato PL, Pereira Filho Ade A, de David G, Faria Mde B, de David F, Aleixo PB, Barra MB, Ferreira NP: Primary meningeal Burkitt-type lymphoma presenting as the first clinical manifestation of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Arq Neuropsiquiatr; 2006 Jun;64(2B):511-5
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  • [Title] Primary meningeal Burkitt-type lymphoma presenting as the first clinical manifestation of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
  • The purpose of this study is to report a rare case of primary meningeal high grade Burkitt-type lymphoma presenting as the first clinical manifestation of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
  • Some hours after the surgery, the patient developed hemispheric cerebral edema and intracranial hypertension syndrome.
  • Screening blood tests diagnosed human immunodeficiency virus infection.
  • Pathological studies diagnosed Burkitt-type lymphoma.
  • [MeSH-major] Burkitt Lymphoma / diagnosis. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / diagnosis. Meningeal Neoplasms / diagnosis

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  • (PMID = 16917629.001).
  • [ISSN] 0004-282X
  • [Journal-full-title] Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Arq Neuropsiquiatr
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article
  • [Publication-country] Brazil
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20. Mutalima N, Molyneux EM, Johnston WT, Jaffe HW, Kamiza S, Borgstein E, Mkandawire N, Liomba GN, Batumba M, Carpenter LM, Newton R: Impact of infection with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV) on the risk of cancer among children in Malawi - preliminary findings. Infect Agent Cancer; 2010;5:5
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  • [Title] Impact of infection with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV) on the risk of cancer among children in Malawi - preliminary findings.
  • METHODS: Only children with a cancer diagnosis were included.
  • Odds ratios (OR) for being HIV positive were estimated for each cancer type (with adjustment for age (<5 years, >/= 5 years) and sex) using children with other cancers and non-malignant conditions as a comparison group (excluding the known HIV-associated cancers, Kaposi sarcoma and lymphomas, as well as children with other haematological malignancies or with confirmed non-cancer diagnoses).
  • Infection with HIV was associated with Kaposi sarcoma (29 cases; OR = 93.5, 95% CI 26.9 to 324.4) and with non-Burkitt, non-Hodgkin lymphoma (33 cases; OR = 4.4, 95% CI 1.1 to 17.9) but not with Burkitt lymphoma (269 cases; OR = 2.2, 95% CI 0.8 to 6.4).
  • CONCLUSIONS: In this study, only Kaposi sarcoma and non-Burkitt, non-Hodgkin lymphoma were associated with HIV infection.
  • The endemic form of Burkitt lymphoma, which is relatively frequent in Malawi, was not significantly associated with HIV.
  • While the relatively small numbers of children with other cancers, together with possible limitations of diagnostic testing may limit our conclusions, the findings may suggest differences in the pathogenesis of HIV-related malignancies in different parts of the world.

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  • (PMID = 20152034.001).
  • [ISSN] 1750-9378
  • [Journal-full-title] Infectious agents and cancer
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Infect. Agents Cancer
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article
  • [Publication-country] England
  • [Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2831850
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26. Lim ST, Levine AM: Recent advances in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related lymphoma. CA Cancer J Clin; 2005 Jul-Aug;55(4):229-41; 260-1, 264
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  • [Title] Recent advances in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related lymphoma.
  • Human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients are at an increased risk for developing both Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma when compared with the general population.
  • With the remarkable decrease in the incidence of opportunistic infections since the availability of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), acquired immune deficiency syndrome-related lymphoma (ARL) is now the second most common cancer associated with human immunodeficiency virus after Kaposi sarcoma.
  • Apart from the contribution of HAART, this improvement in prognosis can also be attributed to new initiatives in treatment of these patients, such as the use of effective infusional regimens, the feasibility of high-dose therapy with peripheral stem cell rescue for relapsed or refractory disease, and better supportive care.
  • Nonetheless, several controversial issues persist, including the optimal timing of HAART with combination chemotherapy, the role of rituximab when incorporated into treatment regimens, and the optimal therapy for patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related Burkitt lymphoma.
  • [MeSH-major] Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / drug therapy. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / physiopathology
  • [MeSH-minor] AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections. Drug Administration Schedule. Humans. Incidence. Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation. Prevalence. Prognosis

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  • (PMID = 16020424.001).
  • [ISSN] 0007-9235
  • [Journal-full-title] CA: a cancer journal for clinicians
  • [ISO-abbreviation] CA Cancer J Clin
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Review
  • [Publication-country] United States
  • [Number-of-references] 52
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27. Fluri S, Ammann R, Lüthy AR, Hirt A, Aebi C, Duppenthaler A, Leibundgut K: High-dose therapy and autologous stem cell transplantation for children with HIV-associated non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Pediatr Blood Cancer; 2007 Dec;49(7):984-7
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  • [Title] High-dose therapy and autologous stem cell transplantation for children with HIV-associated non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
  • In contrast to adults, autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) as part of the salvage strategy after high-dose chemo/radiotherapy in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) related Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is not yet established for children.
  • We report on a 13-year patient with congenital HIV infection and refractory Burkitt lymphoma, who was successfully treated by high-dose therapy (HDT) including rituximab followed by ASCT.
  • [MeSH-major] Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use. Burkitt Lymphoma / therapy. Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / therapy. Transplantation Conditioning



28. Biggar RJ, Chaturvedi AK, Goedert JJ, Engels EA, HIV/AIDS Cancer Match Study: AIDS-related cancer and severity of immunosuppression in persons with AIDS. J Natl Cancer Inst; 2007 Jun 20;99(12):962-72
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  • [Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  • [Title] AIDS-related cancer and severity of immunosuppression in persons with AIDS.
  • BACKGROUND: The incidence of Kaposi sarcoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and cervical cancer has been declining among persons with AIDS.
  • We investigated the association between cancer risk and CD4 cell count among such persons.
  • METHODS: Data from US AIDS registries were linked to local cancer registry data.
  • Cancer incidence per 100,000 person-years was determined for the 4-27 months from the onset of AIDS from January 1, 1990, through December 31, 1995--before highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) became available--and from January 1, 1996, through December 31, 2002.
  • The relationships between CD4 count at AIDS onset and cancer incidence were assessed by proportional hazards models.
  • RESULTS: Among 325,516 adults with AIDS, the incidence of Kaposi sarcoma was lower in 1996-2002 (334.6 cases per 100,000 person-years) than in 1990-1995 (1838.9 cases per 100,000 person-years), and the incidence of non-Hodgkin lymphoma followed a similar pattern (i.e., 390.1 cases per 100,000 person-years in 1996-2002 and 1066.2 cases per 100,000 person-years in 1990-1995).
  • In 1996-2002, for each decline in CD4 cell count of 50 cells per microliter of blood, increased risks were found for Kaposi sarcoma (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.40, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.33 to 1.50), for central nervous system non-Hodgkin lymphoma subtypes (HR = 1.85, 95% CI = 1.58 to 2.16), and for non-central nervous system diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (HR = 1.12, 95% CI = 1.04 to 1.20) but not for non-central nervous system Burkitt lymphoma (HR = 0.93, 95% CI = 0.81 to 1.06).
  • After adjustment for age, race, and sex or mode of HIV exposure, the risks for Kaposi sarcoma (RR = 0.22, 95% CI = 0.20 to 0.24) and for non-Hodgkin lymphoma (RR = 0.40, 95% CI = 0.36 to 0.44) were lower in the period of 1996-2002 than in 1990-1995.
  • CONCLUSIONS: Both before and after HAART was available, CD4 count was strongly associated with risks for Kaposi sarcoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma but not for cervical cancer and Burkitt lymphoma.
  • The decreasing incidences of most AIDS-associated cancers in persons with AIDS during the 1990s are consistent with improving CD4 counts after HAART introduction in 1996.
  • [MeSH-major] Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / immunology. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / immunology. Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / immunology. Sarcoma, Kaposi / immunology
  • [MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active. Burkitt Lymphoma / epidemiology. Burkitt Lymphoma / immunology. Burkitt Lymphoma / virology. CD4 Lymphocyte Count. CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology. Female. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / epidemiology. Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / immunology. Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / virology



29. Cornejo-Juárez P, Volkow-Fernández P, Avilés-Salas A, Calderón-Flores E: AIDS and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Experience at an oncological center in Mexico. Rev Invest Clin; 2008 Sep-Oct;60(5):375-81
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  • [Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  • [Title] AIDS and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Experience at an oncological center in Mexico.
  • BACKGROUND: Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) associated with HIV became an AIDS-defining condition early in the epidemic and remains the second most common malignancy in patients with AIDS.
  • With the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), the incidence and mortality of AIDS-related opportunistic infections and Kaposi's sarcoma has fallen dramatically, this trend is not observed so clearly for NHL.
  • Our objective was to review the clinical spectrum of patients with AIDS-associated NHL and to analyze the impact of HAART on survival at an oncological tertiary center.
  • MATERIAL AND METHODS: We reviewed all medical records and histopathologic tissue of patients with HIV-associated NHL seen from January 1990 to September 2007 at the Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia in Mexico City.
  • Survival or follow-up time was calculated from date of diagnosis to death, or to the date on which the patient was last seen.
  • RESULTS: Eighty seven HIV-positive patients were diagnosed with NHL (diffuse large B-cell lymphoma n=69; Burkitt-like n=8; pleomorphic large cell n=7; low-grade n=2, and angiocentric n=1).
  • Overall, 38 patients (43.7%) achieved complete response to NHL therapy, including only 14.3% patients in the non-HAART compared with 57.6% in the HAART group (p < or = 0.0001).
  • Two patients (7.1%) in the non-HAART were alive compared with 37 (63.8%) in the HAART group (p < or = 0.0001).
  • [MeSH-major] Cancer Care Facilities / statistics & numerical data. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / epidemiology. Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / epidemiology. Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / epidemiology
  • [MeSH-minor] Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / drug therapy. Adult. Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use. Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active. Female. Follow-Up Studies. Humans. Kaplan-Meier Estimate. Male. Mexico / epidemiology. Middle Aged. Retrospective Studies. Young Adult

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  • (PMID = 19227434.001).
  • [ISSN] 0034-8376
  • [Journal-full-title] Revista de investigación clínica; organo del Hospital de Enfermedades de la Nutrición
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Rev. Invest. Clin.
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article
  • [Publication-country] Mexico
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30. Hishima T, Oyaizu N, Fujii T, Tachikawa N, Ajisawa A, Negishi M, Nakamura T, Iwamoto A, Hayashi Y, Matsubara D, Sasao Y, Kimura S, Kikuchi Y, Teruya K, Yasuoka A, Oka S, Saito K, Mori S, Funata N, Sata T, Katano H: Decrease in Epstein-Barr virus-positive AIDS-related lymphoma in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. Microbes Infect; 2006 Apr;8(5):1301-7
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  • [Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  • [Title] Decrease in Epstein-Barr virus-positive AIDS-related lymphoma in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy.
  • Recent introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is reported to have reduced the incidence of lymphoma among HIV-infected individuals.
  • A clinicopathological study was performed on 86 AIDS-related lymphoma patients who were treated in Tokyo area from 1987 to 2005.
  • The incidence of lymphoma detected by autopsy was 27% (53 cases/198 autopsies).
  • Diffuse large B cell lymphoma was the most predominant histological subtype throughout the period (78%).
  • Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) increased from 2% in the pre-HAART era (before end-1997) to 13% in the HAART era, whereas incidence of BL did not vary between HAART users and non-users.
  • Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive lymphoma decreased from 88% in the pre-HAART era to 58% in the HAART era, but did not differ significantly between HAART users (73%) and non-users (74%).
  • Nodal involvement of lymphoma increased from 14% in the pre-HAART era to 50% in the HAART era; however, central nervous system involvement decreased from 62 to 38%.
  • Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection was rare (4%) among all cases.
  • These data suggest that HAART might play a partial role in these changes, and the alteration in immunological backgrounds, such as EBV prevalence, is suggested as another leading cause of these changes in Japanese AIDS-related lymphoma.



31. Danilov AV, Pilichowska M, Danilova OV, Sprague KA: AIDS-related Burkitt lymphoma--a heterogeneous disease? Leuk Res; 2008 Dec;32(12):1939-41
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  • [Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  • [Title] AIDS-related Burkitt lymphoma--a heterogeneous disease?
  • [MeSH-major] Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / complications. Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use. Burkitt Lymphoma / diagnosis. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / diagnosis. Submandibular Gland Neoplasms / diagnosis

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  • (PMID = 18472158.001).
  • [ISSN] 0145-2126
  • [Journal-full-title] Leukemia research
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Leuk. Res.
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Case Reports; Letter
  • [Publication-country] England
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / RNA, Messenger; 0 / RNA, Viral; 5J49Q6B70F / Vincristine; 7S5I7G3JQL / Dexamethasone; 80168379AG / Doxorubicin; 8N3DW7272P / Cyclophosphamide; CVAD protocol
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32. Freudenberg S, Palma P, Grobholz R, Ngendahayo L, Post S: HIV-related and Epstein-Barr virus-associated anal Burkitt's lymphoma: report of a case. Dis Colon Rectum; 2005 Aug;48(8):1656-9
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  • [Title] HIV-related and Epstein-Barr virus-associated anal Burkitt's lymphoma: report of a case.
  • PURPOSE: This article describes and discusses primary Burkitt's lymphoma of the anus which is an extremely rare site of origin.
  • Histopathology and immunohistology provided evidence of an Epstein-Barr virus-associated Burkitt's lymphoma.
  • CONCLUSIONS: Because of the AIDS epidemic and the increase of anal malignant pathologies, anal Burkitt's lymphoma may appear more frequently.
  • Adequate treatment is available for only a small percentage of patients.
  • [MeSH-major] Anus Neoplasms / diagnosis. Burkitt Lymphoma / diagnosis. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / diagnosis
  • [MeSH-minor] Adult. Colostomy. Fatal Outcome. HIV Seropositivity / diagnosis. Herpesvirus 4, Human / isolation & purification. Humans. Male. Rectum / surgery



33. Tanabe Y, Muraoka A, Ryu T, Saito T: [Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome associated with Burkitt's leukemia diagnosed by ileus]. Nihon Naika Gakkai Zasshi; 2008 Jan 10;97(1):150-2
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  • [Title] [Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome associated with Burkitt's leukemia diagnosed by ileus].
  • [MeSH-major] Burkitt Lymphoma / diagnosis. Ileus / etiology. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / diagnosis

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  • (PMID = 18283903.001).
  • [ISSN] 0021-5384
  • [Journal-full-title] Nihon Naika Gakkai zasshi. The Journal of the Japanese Society of Internal Medicine
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Nippon Naika Gakkai Zasshi
  • [Language] jpn
  • [Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article
  • [Publication-country] Japan
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34. Subirá D, Górgolas M, Castañón S, Serrano C, Román A, Rivas F, Tomás JF: Advantages of flow cytometry immunophenotyping for the diagnosis of central nervous system non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in AIDS patients. HIV Med; 2005 Jan;6(1):21-6
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  • [Title] Advantages of flow cytometry immunophenotyping for the diagnosis of central nervous system non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in AIDS patients.
  • Central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma should always be considered because it is an important cause of morbidity and mortality.
  • The description of an aberrant immunophenotype was the criterion used to define the malignant nature of any CSF cell population.
  • RESULTS: FCI and cytology gave concordant results for 48 of the 56 CSF samples studied: 37 were negative for malignancy and 11 had evidence of CNS lymphoma.
  • This advantage suggests that, in case of negative flow cytometry results, disorders other than non-Hodgkin's lymphoma should be strongly considered.
  • [MeSH-major] Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / diagnosis. Meningeal Neoplasms / diagnosis
  • [MeSH-minor] Adult. Burkitt Lymphoma / cerebrospinal fluid. Burkitt Lymphoma / diagnosis. Diagnosis, Differential. Female. Flow Cytometry / methods. Humans. Immunophenotyping / methods. Male. Middle Aged. Reproducibility of Results. Sensitivity and Specificity

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  • (PMID = 15670248.001).
  • [ISSN] 1464-2662
  • [Journal-full-title] HIV medicine
  • [ISO-abbreviation] HIV Med.
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Evaluation Studies; Journal Article
  • [Publication-country] England
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35. Montoto S, Wilson J, Shaw K, Heath M, Wilson A, McNamara C, Orkin C, Nelson M, Johnson M, Bower M, Cwynarski K: Excellent immunological recovery following CODOX-M/IVAC, an effective intensive chemotherapy for HIV-associated Burkitt's lymphoma. AIDS; 2010 Mar 27;24(6):851-6
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  • [Title] Excellent immunological recovery following CODOX-M/IVAC, an effective intensive chemotherapy for HIV-associated Burkitt's lymphoma.
  • OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN: : To retrospectively describe the recovery of cellular immunity and the clinical outcome of 30 patients with HIV-associated Burkitt's lymphoma (HIV-BL), who were treated with the intensive chemotherapy CODOX-M/IVAC and HAART as part of their standard care.
  • The median CD4 cell count at diagnosis of HIV-BL was 171/ml (range: 4-848) and the plasma HIV viral load was undetectable in five of 29 patients.
  • Viral load was undetectable in 88% and CD4 cell count more than 200/ml in 58% of patients assessed 6 months after completing chemotherapy, and in 87 and 80% at 12 months, respectively.
  • CONCLUSION: : The intensive regimen CODOX-M/IVAC, a feasible and effective chemotherapy, is associated with an excellent immunological recovery in patients with HIV-BL on HAART.
  • [MeSH-major] Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / administration & dosage. Burkitt Lymphoma / drug therapy. HIV Infections / drug therapy. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / drug therapy



36. Butt FM, Chindia ML, Rana F, Machigo FG: Pattern of head and neck malignant neoplasms in HIV-infected patients in Kenya. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg; 2008 Oct;37(10):907-11
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  • The most commonly reported neoplasms of the head and neck region include Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL).
  • There is also an increased risk of oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).
  • A descriptive cross-sectional study including HIV-infected patients with neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions was conducted.
  • The prevalence of neoplastic lesions in this study was 27%; 37 (68%) patients had KS, 9 (17%) had SCC, 7 (13%) had NHL and 1 (2%) had Burkitt's lymphoma.
  • In this study, the most common malignant neoplasms were KS, SCC and NHL, manifesting in a younger age group than in the non-HIV group of patients.
  • [MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Age Factors. Burkitt Lymphoma / epidemiology. Candidiasis, Oral / epidemiology. Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / epidemiology. Cheilitis / epidemiology. Cross-Sectional Studies. Female. Humans. Kenya / epidemiology. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / epidemiology. Male. Middle Aged. Mouth Neoplasms / epidemiology. Prevalence. Sarcoma, Kaposi / epidemiology. Sex Factors. Stomatitis, Aphthous / epidemiology. Young Adult



37. Mbulaiteye SM, Anderson WF, Bhatia K, Rosenberg PS, Linet MS, Devesa SS: Trimodal age-specific incidence patterns for Burkitt lymphoma in the United States, 1973-2005. Int J Cancer; 2010 Apr 1;126(7):1732-9
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  • [Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  • [Title] Trimodal age-specific incidence patterns for Burkitt lymphoma in the United States, 1973-2005.
  • Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is a unique B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma with 3 established clinical-epidemiological variants: endemic, sporadic and AIDS-related BL.
  • Therefore, we examined population-based BL incidence patterns in the United States to determine age-related risk.
  • The tri/bimodal incidence pattern was present in sensitivity analyses excluding registries with many HIV/AIDS cases and in period-specific, cohort-specific analyses.
  • [MeSH-major] Burkitt Lymphoma / epidemiology

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  • [Copyright] (c) 2009 UICC.
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  • (PMID = 19810101.001).
  • [ISSN] 1097-0215
  • [Journal-full-title] International journal of cancer
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Int. J. Cancer
  • [Language] eng
  • [Grant] United States / Intramural NIH HHS / / Z01 CP010176-07; United States / Intramural NIH HHS / / ZIA CP010176-08
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
  • [Publication-country] United States
  • [Other-IDs] NLM/ NIHMS146203; NLM/ PMC2818154
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38. Lim ST, Karim R, Nathwani BN, Tulpule A, Espina B, Levine AM: AIDS-related Burkitt's lymphoma versus diffuse large-cell lymphoma in the pre-highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and HAART eras: significant differences in survival with standard chemotherapy. J Clin Oncol; 2005 Jul 1;23(19):4430-8
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  • [Title] AIDS-related Burkitt's lymphoma versus diffuse large-cell lymphoma in the pre-highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and HAART eras: significant differences in survival with standard chemotherapy.
  • PURPOSE: To compare outcomes of patients with HIV-Burkitt's lymphoma (HIV-BL) and HIV-diffuse large-cell lymphoma (HIV-DLCL) after treatment with CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone) or M-BACOD (methotrexate, bleomycin, cyclophosphamide, etoposide) in pre-highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) versus HAART eras.
  • PATIENTS AND METHODS: Three hundred sixty-three patients with AIDS-related lymphoma diagnosed from 1982 to 2003 were reviewed retrospectively, including 262 in the pre-HAART (HIV-BL, 117; HIV-DLCL, 145) and 101 in the HAART era (HIV-BL, 18; HIV-DLCL, 83).
  • RESULTS: There were no significant differences between groups in terms of age, sex, history of injection drug use, prior AIDS, lactate dehydrogenase level, and disease stage at diagnosis.
  • Compared with HIV-BL, HIV-DLCL was associated with significantly lower CD4 counts in the pre-HAART but not the HAART era.
  • [MeSH-major] Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use. Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active. Bleomycin / therapeutic use. Burkitt Lymphoma / mortality. Cyclophosphamide / therapeutic use. Dexamethasone / therapeutic use. Doxorubicin / therapeutic use. Leucovorin / therapeutic use. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / mortality. Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / mortality. Methotrexate / therapeutic use. Prednisone / therapeutic use. Vincristine / therapeutic use



39. Dinh MH, Matkowskyj KA, Stosor V: Colorectal lymphoma in the setting of HIV: case report and review of the literature. AIDS Patient Care STDS; 2009 Apr;23(4):227-30
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  • [Title] Colorectal lymphoma in the setting of HIV: case report and review of the literature.
  • The incidence of Burkitt's lymphoma, a rare and aggressive form of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, remains unaffected by immune reconstitution in HIV-infected individuals.
  • A flexible sigmoidoscopy with biopsy of the rectum and peripheral blood smear with bone marrow examination revealed immunophenotypic and cytogenic findings diagnostic of Burkitt's lymphoma of the rectum.
  • [MeSH-major] Burkitt Lymphoma / diagnosis. Colorectal Neoplasms / diagnosis. HIV Infections / complications. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / diagnosis



40. Vaghefi P, Martin A, Prévot S, Charlotte F, Camilleri-Broët S, Barli E, Davi F, Gabarre J, Raphael M, Poirel HA: Genomic imbalances in AIDS-related lymphomas: relation with tumoral Epstein-Barr virus status. AIDS; 2006 Nov 28;20(18):2285-91
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  • [Title] Genomic imbalances in AIDS-related lymphomas: relation with tumoral Epstein-Barr virus status.
  • BACKGROUND: The pathologic heterogeneity of AIDS related lymphomas (ARL) reflects several pathogenic mechanisms: chronic antigenic stimulation, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, and genomic abnormalities.
  • Genetic abnormalities, known to play a major role in lymphomas of non-immunocompromised patients, are not well characterized in ARL.
  • Most chromosomal regions affected in HIV-related lymphoma were similar to those already reported in HIV-negative lymphomas.
  • CONCLUSION: This CGH study allowed the identification of non-random chromosomal alterations in ARL.
  • The results suggested an inverse relationship between EBV infection (latency II/III), associated with deep acquired immune suppression, and the number of chromosomal alterations which may be explained by a direct role of viral proteins in lymphomagenesis by activation of signalling pathways without needing several genomic alterations.
  • [MeSH-major] Epstein-Barr Virus Infections / genetics. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / genetics
  • [MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Burkitt Lymphoma / complications. Burkitt Lymphoma / genetics. Burkitt Lymphoma / immunology. CD4 Lymphocyte Count. CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology. Chromosome Aberrations. Chromosomes, Human / genetics. Clone Cells / immunology. DNA, Viral / genetics. Female. Genes, Viral / genetics. Genes, Viral / immunology. Humans. Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / complications. Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / genetics. Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / immunology. Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral / complications. Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral / genetics. Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral / immunology. Male. Middle Aged. Nucleic Acid Hybridization / methods

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  • (PMID = 17117014.001).
  • [ISSN] 0269-9370
  • [Journal-full-title] AIDS (London, England)
  • [ISO-abbreviation] AIDS
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • [Publication-country] England
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / DNA, Viral
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41. Corti M, Carolis LD, Solari R, Villafañe MF, Schtirbu R, Lewi D, Narbaitz M: Non Hodgkin's lymphoma with cutaneous involvement in AIDS patients: report of five cases and review of the literature. Braz J Infect Dis; 2010 Jan-Feb;14(1):81-5
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  • [Title] Non Hodgkin's lymphoma with cutaneous involvement in AIDS patients: report of five cases and review of the literature.
  • Cutaneous B cell lymphoma (CBCL) is a lymphoproliferative disorder of neoplastic B cell of the skin with a wide range of clinical manifestations.
  • Skin is one of the common sites for extra-nodal lymphomas in patients with AIDS and B cell type is less common than T cell type.
  • Only recently, the existence of B cell lymphomas presenting clinically in the skin without evidence of extra-cutaneous involvement has been accepted as primary CBCL.
  • Here, we are presenting 5 patients with cutaneous involvement in the setting of HIV/AIDS disease.
  • Two of them were primary cutaneous non-Hodgkin lymphomas.
  • All were CBCL; 3 were immunoblastic, 1 was plasmablastic, and the other was a Burkitt lymphoma.
  • [MeSH-major] Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / diagnosis. Skin Neoplasms / diagnosis

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  • (PMID = 20428660.001).
  • [ISSN] 1678-4391
  • [Journal-full-title] The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases : an official publication of the Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Braz J Infect Dis
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article
  • [Publication-country] Brazil
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 5J49Q6B70F / Vincristine; 80168379AG / Doxorubicin; 8N3DW7272P / Cyclophosphamide; VB0R961HZT / Prednisone; CHOP protocol
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42. Nyagol J, De Falco G, Lazzi S, Luzzi A, Cerino G, Shaheen S, Palummo N, Bellan C, Spina D, Leoncini L: HIV-1 Tat mimetic of VEGF correlates with increased microvessels density in AIDS-related diffuse large B-cell and Burkitt lymphomas. J Hematop; 2008 Jul;1(1):3-10
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  • [Title] HIV-1 Tat mimetic of VEGF correlates with increased microvessels density in AIDS-related diffuse large B-cell and Burkitt lymphomas.
  • In some subtypes of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, higher local vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression correlates with increased microvessel density.
  • We evaluated the role of HIV-1 Tat in regulating the level of VEGF expression and microvessel density in the AIDS-related diffuse large B-cell (DLBCL) and Burkitt lymphomas (BL).
  • Reduced VEGF protein expression in primary HIV-1 positive BL and DLBCL, compared to the negative cases, supported the findings of promoter downregulation from the cell lines.
  • Thus, targeting Tat protein itself and stabilizing transient silencing of VEGF expression or use of monoclonal antibodies against their receptors in the AIDS-associated tumors will open a window for future explorable pathways in the management of angiogenic phenotypes in the AIDS-associated non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.

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  • (PMID = 19669199.001).
  • [ISSN] 1868-9256
  • [Journal-full-title] Journal of hematopathology
  • [ISO-abbreviation] J Hematop
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article
  • [Publication-country] Germany
  • [Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2712328
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43. Gasperini P, Barbierato M, Martinelli C, Rigotti P, Marchini F, Masserizzi G, Leoncini F, Chieco-Bianchi L, Schulz TF, Calabrò ML: Use of a BJAB-derived cell line for isolation of human herpesvirus 8. J Clin Microbiol; 2005 Jun;43(6):2866-75
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  • [Title] Use of a BJAB-derived cell line for isolation of human herpesvirus 8.
  • Establishment of latently infected cell lines from primary effusion lymphomas (PEL) presently is the most efficient system for the propagation of clinical strains of human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) in culture.
  • A BJAB-derived B-cell line, BBF, was found to retain HHV-8 longer, to support the latent and lytic replication programs, and to produce transmissible virus.
  • BBF cells can be used to propagate HHV-8 from different biological samples as well as to clarify important issues related to virus-cell interactions in a context distinct from endothelial and PEL-derived cell lines.
  • [MeSH-minor] Burkitt Lymphoma. Cell Line, Tumor. Humans. Saliva / virology. Virus Cultivation. Virus Latency. Virus Replication



44. Rochford R, Feuer G, Orem J, Banura C, Katongole-Mbidde E, Mwanda WO, Moormann A, Harrington WJ, Remick SC: Strategies to overcome myelotoxic therapy for the treatment of Burkitt's and AIDS-related non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. East Afr Med J; 2005 Sep;82(9 Suppl):S155-60
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  • [Title] Strategies to overcome myelotoxic therapy for the treatment of Burkitt's and AIDS-related non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
  • BACKGROUND: Strategies to circumvent or lessen the myelotoxicity associated with combination chemotherapy may improve the overall outcome of the management of patients particularly in resource poor settings.
  • OBJECTIVES: To develop effective non-myelotoxic therapies for Burkitt's Lymphoma (BL) and AIDS-related non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
  • CONCLUSION: Myelotoxic death rates using multi-agent induction chemotherapy approach 25% for endemic Burkitt's lymphoma and range between 20% to 60% for AIDS-related malignancy.
  • Investigations and alternative approaches that lessen or circumvent myelotoxicity of traditional cytotoxic chemotherapy for the management of Burkitt's lymphoma and AIDS-related non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in the resource-constrained setting are warranted.
  • This can be achieved by developing targeted anti-viral and other strategies, such as the use of bryostatin 1 and vincristine, and by developing a preclinical mouse model to frame the clinical rationale for a pilot trial of metronomic therapy for the treatment of Burkitt's and AIDS-related lymphoma.
  • [MeSH-major] Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use. Burkitt Lymphoma / drug therapy. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / drug therapy. Macrolides / therapeutic use. Vincristine / therapeutic use

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  • (PMID = 16619692.001).
  • [ISSN] 0012-835X
  • [Journal-full-title] East African medical journal
  • [ISO-abbreviation] East Afr Med J
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Review
  • [Publication-country] Kenya
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antineoplastic Agents; 0 / Bryostatins; 0 / Macrolides; 37O2X55Y9E / bryostatin 1; 5J49Q6B70F / Vincristine
  • [Number-of-references] 38
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45. Mounier N, Spina M, Gisselbrecht C: Modern management of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in HIV-infected patients. Br J Haematol; 2007 Mar;136(5):685-98
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  • [Title] Modern management of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in HIV-infected patients.
  • Patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are at greater risk of developing non-Hodgkin lymphoma than the general population and aggressive B-cell lymphoma has become one of the most common of the initial acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-defining illnesses.
  • This review considers the prognostic factors and new approaches to the treatment of patients with AIDS-related lymphoma (ARL).
  • Both developments can also be attributed to new treatment strategies for ARL, such as the use of effective infusional regimens, Rituximab combinations and high-dose therapy with autologous stem-cell transplantation for relapsed disease.
  • However, unresolved issues persist, such as the optimal therapy for patients with Burkitt ARL or central nervous system involvement.
  • [MeSH-major] Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / drug therapy. Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / drug therapy
  • [MeSH-minor] Antibodies, Monoclonal / administration & dosage. Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived. Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / administration & dosage. Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active. Burkitt Lymphoma / drug therapy. Dose-Response Relationship, Drug. Drug Administration Schedule. Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. Humans. Prognosis. Rituximab

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  • (PMID = 17229246.001).
  • [ISSN] 0007-1048
  • [Journal-full-title] British journal of haematology
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Br. J. Haematol.
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Review
  • [Publication-country] England
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antibodies, Monoclonal; 0 / Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; 4F4X42SYQ6 / Rituximab
  • [Number-of-references] 83
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46. Kelemen K, Braziel RM, Gatter K, Bakke TC, Olson S, Fan G: Immunophenotypic variations of Burkitt lymphoma. Am J Clin Pathol; 2010 Jul;134(1):127-38
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  • [Title] Immunophenotypic variations of Burkitt lymphoma.
  • Burkitt lymphoma (BL) exhibits a characteristic immunophenotype that is positive for pan-B-cell antigens and CD10 and expresses clonal surface immunoglobulins (SIgs).
  • We evaluated 35 BLs and identified atypical immunophenotypes in 4 including SIg light chain negativity in 4, negativity for B-cell antigens in 2, lack of CD10 in 1, and CD4 expression in 1.
  • The 4 BL cases included 1 girl, 2 men with HIV/AIDS, and a third man with a history of heart transplantation.
  • Two patients died shortly after diagnosis; the other 2 completed hyperfractionated cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, and dexamethasone with highly active antiretroviral therapy and achieved complete remission.
  • If the immunophenotype is interpreted in isolation, the diagnosis could be missed.
  • Recognizing the variability of immunophenotype is essential for establishing an accurate diagnosis of BL.
  • [MeSH-major] Burkitt Lymphoma / immunology. Immunophenotyping. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / immunology

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  • (PMID = 20551277.001).
  • [ISSN] 1943-7722
  • [Journal-full-title] American journal of clinical pathology
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Am. J. Clin. Pathol.
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article
  • [Publication-country] United States
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains
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47. Miralles P, Berenguer J, Ribera JM, Rubio R, Mahillo B, Téllez MJ, Lacruz J, Valencia E, Santos J, Rodríguez-Arrondo F, Pintado V, Grupo de Estudio del SIDA Register of Systemic AIDS-Related Lymphomas: Prognosis of AIDS-related systemic non-Hodgkin lymphoma treated with chemotherapy and highly active antiretroviral therapy depends exclusively on tumor-related factors. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr; 2007 Feb 1;44(2):167-73
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  • [Title] Prognosis of AIDS-related systemic non-Hodgkin lymphoma treated with chemotherapy and highly active antiretroviral therapy depends exclusively on tumor-related factors.
  • OBJECTIVES: To assess complete remission (CR) and survival in patients with systemic AIDS-related non-Hodgkin lymphoma (ARL) receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).
  • METHODS: We analyzed the Grupo de Estudio del SIDA register of systemic ARL, which started in Jan 1994, to collect cases diagnosed at 15 institutions prospectively and with active follow-up every 6 months.
  • Histologic subtypes were diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLCL; n = 153 [72.9%]), Burkitt and atypical Burkitt/Burkitt-like lymphoma (BL; n = 40 [19.0%]), T-cell lymphoma (TC; n = 8 [3.8%]), and miscellaneous (n = 9 [4.3%]).
  • Factors independently associated with CR were histologic subtype and International Prognostic Index (IPI) score.
  • Factors independently associated with improved overall length of survival (OS) were CR, low IPI score, and histologic subtype.
  • The single factor independently associated with disease-free survival was Ann Arbor stage.
  • CONCLUSIONS: In patients with ARL treated with HAART, CR was associated exclusively with tumor-related factors.
  • OS was independently associated with CR, IPI score, and the histologic subtype.
  • [MeSH-major] Anti-HIV Agents / therapeutic use. Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols. Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / drug therapy. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / pathology
  • [MeSH-minor] Adult. Burkitt Lymphoma / drug therapy. Burkitt Lymphoma / pathology. Combined Modality Therapy. Disease-Free Survival. Female. Humans. Longitudinal Studies. Lymphoma, B-Cell / drug therapy. Lymphoma, B-Cell / pathology. Lymphoma, T-Cell / drug therapy. Lymphoma, T-Cell / pathology. Male. Middle Aged. Prognosis. Remission Induction. Statistics as Topic. Survival Analysis

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  • (PMID = 17117144.001).
  • [ISSN] 1525-4135
  • [Journal-full-title] Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
  • [ISO-abbreviation] J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr.
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • [Publication-country] United States
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Anti-HIV Agents
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48. Corti M, de Dios Soler M, Bare P, Villafañe MF, De Tezanos Pinto M, Perez Bianco R, Narbaitz M: [AIDS related lymphomas: Histopathological subtypes and association with Epstein Barr virus and Human Herpes virus type-8]. Medicina (B Aires); 2010;70(2):151-8
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  • [Title] [AIDS related lymphomas: Histopathological subtypes and association with Epstein Barr virus and Human Herpes virus type-8].
  • [Transliterated title] Linfomas asociados con la infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana: subtipos histológicos y asociación con los virus de Epstein Barr y Herpes-8.
  • Non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) of the B-cell type are the second most common neoplasm among patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and AIDS.
  • Here, we evaluated 48 cases of AIDS-related lymphomas (ARL) diagnosed at the Histopathological Division of the Instituto de Investigaciones Hematológicas of the National Academy of Medicine.
  • Five were females and 43 were males with a median of age of 37 years at the time of the diagnosis.
  • All were fenotype B cell lymphomas with an aggressive course and advanced neoplasm disease at the time of diagnosis.
  • Virological findings showed the strong association between EBV and AIDS-related NHL.
  • According to the histopathological subtype, the EBV genome was detected in 16/21 (76%) diffuse large B cell lymphomas, 1/3 Burkitt lymphoma and 3/4 (75%) of primary central nervous system lymphomas.
  • Hodgkin lymphoma were more frequent in males 18/20 (90%), with an aggressive clinical course and a significant predominance of the subtypes associated with worse prognosis (90% of cases).
  • We consider that all cases of AIDS related lymphomas should be assessed for the presence of EBV because its presence may play a role in the prognosis.
  • [MeSH-major] DNA, Viral / analysis. Herpesvirus 4, Human / genetics. Hodgkin Disease / virology. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / virology. Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / virology

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  • (PMID = 20447898.001).
  • [ISSN] 0025-7680
  • [Journal-full-title] Medicina
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Medicina (B Aires)
  • [Language] spa
  • [Publication-type] English Abstract; Journal Article
  • [Publication-country] Argentina
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / DNA, Viral
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49. Bellan C, Lazzi S, Hummel M, Palummo N, de Santi M, Amato T, Nyagol J, Sabattini E, Lazure T, Pileri SA, Raphael M, Stein H, Tosi P, Leoncini L: Immunoglobulin gene analysis reveals 2 distinct cells of origin for EBV-positive and EBV-negative Burkitt lymphomas. Blood; 2005 Aug 1;106(3):1031-6
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  • [Title] Immunoglobulin gene analysis reveals 2 distinct cells of origin for EBV-positive and EBV-negative Burkitt lymphomas.
  • The normal counterpart of the neoplastic B cells in Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is still unclear.
  • However, most of these studies rely on cell lines or on a small series of cases.
  • To help clarify the cell of origin of BL, semi-nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to amplify the VDJ rearrangements of the immunoglobulin heavy chain (V(H)) genes, and the resultant amplificates were sequenced for comparison with known germline V(H) segments.
  • The results of this approach revealed that all cases (15 endemic BL [eBL], 10 sporadic BL [sBL], and 6 AIDS-related BL) harbor mutated V(H) genes, with different mutation ranges among the 3 types of BL.
  • The eBL and AIDS-related forms showed considerably higher mutation rates than the sBL form (5.1%, 5.4%, and 1.5%, respectively).
  • The mutations in eBL and AIDS-related BL also showed signs of antigen selection, whereas no signs of antigen selection were found in sBL.
  • Given that one of the main differences between eBL and AIDS-related BL on the one hand and sBL on the other hand is the association with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), we compared EBV-positive and EBV-negative BLs independently of their geographic origin and HIV status.
  • The different types of C-MYC translocation reported in BL may also be related to the different stages of B-cell maturation.
  • [MeSH-major] Burkitt Lymphoma / pathology. Burkitt Lymphoma / virology. Genes, Immunoglobulin. Herpesvirus 4, Human
  • [MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Aged. B-Lymphocytes / pathology. Child. Child, Preschool. Gene Rearrangement. Germinal Center / pathology. Humans. Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains / genetics. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / genetics. Middle Aged. Mutation. Polymerase Chain Reaction. Sequence Analysis, DNA

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  • (PMID = 15840698.001).
  • [ISSN] 0006-4971
  • [Journal-full-title] Blood
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Blood
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • [Publication-country] United States
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains
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50. Lan K, Murakami M, Bajaj B, Kaul R, He Z, Gan R, Feldman M, Robertson ES: Inhibition of KSHV-infected primary effusion lymphomas in NOD/SCID mice by gamma-secretase inhibitor. Cancer Biol Ther; 2009 Nov;8(22):2136-43
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  • Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is a common cancer in AIDS patients closely associated with Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV).
  • Previously, we showed that KSHV latency associated nuclear antigen (LANA) stabilizes intracellular activated Notch1 (ICN) involved in maintenance of the malignant phenotype of KSHV infected PEL cells in vitro.
  • The gamma-secretase inhibitor (GSI) which specifically blocks the production of ICN slows down the proliferation of the KSHV infected PEL cell lines BCBL1, BC3 as well as JSC1 in vitro.
  • We observed that the onset of tumorigenesis of KSHV infected PELs was significantly delayed in GSI treated SCID mice harboring the PEL cell lines.
  • We also found that GSI treatment resulted in necrosis as well as apoptosis in tumors generated by the xenotransplanted KSHV positive PEL cell lines.
  • In contrast, GSI had no effect on mice harboring BJAB cells, a KSHV negative Burkitt's lymphoma cell line where ICN levels were negligible.
  • Our study provides further evidence to suggest that targeted downregulation of abnormal Notch signaling has therapeutic potential for KSHV related primary effusion lymphomas.
  • [MeSH-major] Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases / antagonists & inhibitors. Dipeptides / therapeutic use. Herpesviridae Infections. Herpesvirus 8, Human / pathogenicity. Lymphoma, Primary Effusion / drug therapy. Neoplasm Proteins / antagonists & inhibitors. Receptor, Notch1 / antagonists & inhibitors. Tumor Virus Infections
  • [MeSH-minor] Animals. Antigens, Viral / physiology. Apoptosis. Burkitt Lymphoma / pathology. Cell Line, Tumor / transplantation. Herpesvirus 4, Human / isolation & purification. Herpesvirus 4, Human / pathogenicity. Mice. Mice, Inbred NOD. Mice, SCID. Necrosis. Nuclear Proteins / physiology. Random Allocation. Signal Transduction / drug effects. Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms. Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

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  • [CommentIn] Cancer Biol Ther. 2009 Nov;8(22):2144-6 [20068386.001]
  • (PMID = 19783901.001).
  • [ISSN] 1555-8576
  • [Journal-full-title] Cancer biology & therapy
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Cancer Biol. Ther.
  • [Language] eng
  • [Grant] United States / PHS HHS / / A1067037; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA091792; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA108461; United States / NIDCR NIH HHS / DE / DE017338
  • [Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • [Publication-country] United States
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antigens, Viral; 0 / Dipeptides; 0 / N-(N-(3,5-difluorophenacetyl)alanyl)phenylglycine tert-butyl ester; 0 / Neoplasm Proteins; 0 / Notch1 protein, mouse; 0 / Nuclear Proteins; 0 / Receptor, Notch1; 0 / latency-associated nuclear antigen; EC 3.4.- / Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases
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51. Pagès F, Galon J, Karaschuk G, Dudziak D, Camus M, Lazar V, Camilleri-Broët S, Lagorce-Pagès C, Lebel-Binay S, Laux G, Fridman WH, Henglein B: Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen 2 induces interleukin-18 receptor expression in B cells. Blood; 2005 Feb 15;105(4):1632-9
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  • We show here that the EBV nuclear antigen EBNA2 induces expression of the 2 chains of the interleukin-18 receptor (IL-18R) in Burkitt lymphoma (BL) cell lines and in nontransformed B cells.
  • It occurs in the absence of any other viral protein but requires de novo synthesis of cellular proteins.
  • We report that EBNA2 expression is associated with IL-18R expression in vivo in EBV-positive B-lymphomas from AIDS patients.
  • [MeSH-minor] Burkitt Lymphoma / immunology. Burkitt Lymphoma / metabolism. Burkitt Lymphoma / virology. Cell Line, Transformed. Cell Line, Tumor. Gene Expression Regulation, Viral / immunology. Genes, Viral. Herpesvirus 4, Human / genetics. Humans. Interleukin-18 Receptor alpha Subunit. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / immunology. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / metabolism. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / virology. Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / immunology. Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / metabolism. Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / virology. Protein Subunits / biosynthesis. Protein Subunits / metabolism. Receptors, Interleukin-18. Viral Proteins. Viral Structural Proteins / genetics

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  • (PMID = 15498855.001).
  • [ISSN] 0006-4971
  • [Journal-full-title] Blood
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Blood
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • [Publication-country] United States
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / EBNA-2 protein, Human herpesvirus 4; 0 / Epstein-Barr Virus Nuclear Antigens; 0 / IL18R1 protein, human; 0 / Interleukin-18 Receptor alpha Subunit; 0 / Protein Subunits; 0 / Receptors, Interleukin; 0 / Receptors, Interleukin-18; 0 / Viral Proteins; 0 / Viral Structural Proteins
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52. Ambinder RF, Bhatia K, Martinez-Maza O, Mitsuyasu R: Cancer biomarkers in HIV patients. Curr Opin HIV AIDS; 2010 Nov;5(6):531-7
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  • PURPOSE OF REVIEW: In this review, we update investigations related to cancer biomarkers in HIV-infected populations.
  • RECENT FINDINGS: CD4 lymphocyte count is associated with primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL), systemic non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) (except perhaps for Burkitt lymphoma), Kaposi's sarcoma, cervical cancer, and anal cancer.
  • HIV load is associated with Burkitt lymphoma and systemic NHL (but not PCNSL), with Kaposi's sarcoma and with anal cancer.
  • CD40 ligand incorporated into the HIV envelope and expression of activation-induced cytidine deaminase may help explain the relationship between HIV load and Burkitt lymphoma.
  • Genetic polymorphisms have been identified that are linked to lymphoma in HIV patients.
  • B-cell activation as manifest in immunoglobulin light chain production may be an important marker for NHL risk.
  • Cytokines and related molecules (IL10, sCD30) may identify patients at high risk for NHL.
  • EBV and Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) have not yet emerged as especially promising markers of risk for either lymphoma or Kaposi's sarcoma.
  • SUMMARY: CD4 lymphocyte count, HIV load, germline genetic polymorphisms, cytokine and related molecules, and immunoglobulin light chains all show increasing promise as biomarkers of malignancy in HIV patients.

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  • (PMID = 20978397.001).
  • [ISSN] 1746-6318
  • [Journal-full-title] Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Curr Opin HIV AIDS
  • [Language] ENG
  • [Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U01 CA121947-05; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA096888-05S2; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / UO1 CA 121947; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / P50 CA096888-05S2; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U01 CA121947; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / P50 CA096888
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Review
  • [Publication-country] United States
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor
  • [Other-IDs] NLM/ NIHMS274983; NLM/ PMC3055562
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53. Oriol A, Ribera JM, Bergua J, Giménez Mesa E, Grande C, Esteve J, Brunet S, Moreno MJ, Escoda L, Hernandez-Rivas JM, Hoelzer D: High-dose chemotherapy and immunotherapy in adult Burkitt lymphoma: comparison of results in human immunodeficiency virus-infected and noninfected patients. Cancer; 2008 Jul 1;113(1):117-25
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  • [Title] High-dose chemotherapy and immunotherapy in adult Burkitt lymphoma: comparison of results in human immunodeficiency virus-infected and noninfected patients.
  • BACKGROUND: It has been recognized that cure is possible for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients with Burkitt lymphoma/leukemia (BL) if appropriate chemotherapy is used.
  • [MeSH-major] Antibodies, Monoclonal / administration & dosage. Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use. Burkitt Lymphoma / drug therapy. HIV Infections / drug therapy. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / drug therapy

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  • [Copyright] (Copyright) 2008 American Cancer Society.
  • (PMID = 18457327.001).
  • [ISSN] 0008-543X
  • [Journal-full-title] Cancer
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Cancer
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Clinical Trial; Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • [Publication-country] United States
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antibodies, Monoclonal; 0 / Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; 4F4X42SYQ6 / Rituximab
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54. Singh AS, Dave DJ, Thanvi S, Atre DA, Parikh P, Patel NH: Fatal secondary pulmonary hypertension due to cardiac involvement in AIDS-associated Burkitt's lymphoma. Indian J Med Sci; 2006 Sep;60(9):380-4
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  • [Title] Fatal secondary pulmonary hypertension due to cardiac involvement in AIDS-associated Burkitt's lymphoma.
  • Primary cardiac lymphomas are rare lesions in children with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
  • Most of them are high-grade Burkitt's or Burkitt-like lymphomas.
  • The clinical profile and operative and pathological findings of a 4-year-old boy with AIDS-associated Burkitt's lymphoma of the heart presenting with acute right heart failure and fatal secondary pulmonary hypertension is reported.
  • [MeSH-major] Burkitt Lymphoma / complications. Heart Neoplasms / complications. Hypertension, Pulmonary / etiology. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / complications



55. Just PA, Fieschi C, Baillet G, Galicier L, Oksenhendler E, Moretti JL: 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography in AIDS-related Burkitt lymphoma. AIDS Patient Care STDS; 2008 Sep;22(9):695-700
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  • [Title] 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography in AIDS-related Burkitt lymphoma.
  • This study aims to describe 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) findings in patients with AIDS-related Burkitt lymphoma, at various times of treatment, and to define its utility for a better patient management.
  • We retrospectively studied 13 consecutive HIV-positive patients with Burkitt lymphoma who underwent one or more PET/CT.
  • Lymph node involvement, which is known to be uncommon in endemic or sporadic Burkitt lymphoma, was present in 54% of patients.
  • Additionally, in 3 patients, Burkitt lymphoma was predominantly located in parotid lymph nodes, which is also an unusual finding.
  • A negative scan was encountered in 3 of 10 patients imaged during treatment and in 1 of 4 patients imaged after treatment completion and was always associated with lasting complete remission.
  • Presence of residual area of uptake was related to both favorable and unfavorable outcome whether performed during treatment (5/7 and 2/7, respectively) or after (1/3 and 2/3, respectively).
  • Areas of increased uptake could be observed in lung (4 cases) or esophagus (3 cases), and were clinically related to pneumonia or esophagitis.
  • We recommend PET/CT for accurate initial staging of patients with AIDS-related Burkitt lymphoma.
  • Furthermore, PET/CT appears to have prognostic value, as a negative scan was always associated with a favorable outcome.
  • [MeSH-major] Burkitt Lymphoma / diagnosis. Fluorodeoxyglucose F18. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / diagnosis. Radiopharmaceuticals



56. Vega MI, Huerta-Yepez S, Jazirehi AR, Garban H, Bonavida B: Rituximab (chimeric anti-CD20) sensitizes B-NHL cell lines to Fas-induced apoptosis. Oncogene; 2005 Dec 8;24(55):8114-27
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  • [Title] Rituximab (chimeric anti-CD20) sensitizes B-NHL cell lines to Fas-induced apoptosis.
  • Rituximab (chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies) is currently being used in the treatment of B non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL).
  • We have recently reported that rituximab triggers and modifies various intracellular signaling pathways in NHL B-cell lines, resulting in reverting the chemoresistant phenotype to a sensitive phenotype.
  • Treatment of the Fas-resistant NHL cell lines (2F7, Ramos and Raji) with rituximab sensitized the cells to CH-11 (FasL agonist mAb)-induced apoptosis and synergy was achieved.
  • [MeSH-major] Antibodies, Monoclonal / pharmacology. Antigens, CD95 / immunology. Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology. Apoptosis / drug effects. Lymphoma, B-Cell / pathology
  • [MeSH-minor] Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived. Antigens, CD20 / immunology. Burkitt Lymphoma / pathology. Cell Line, Tumor. Cell Survival / drug effects. Enzyme Inhibitors / pharmacology. Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic. Humans. Imidazoles / pharmacology. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related. NF-kappa B / pharmacology. Pyridines / pharmacology. Rituximab. Transcription, Genetic / drug effects. p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / metabolism

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  • (PMID = 16103877.001).
  • [ISSN] 0950-9232
  • [Journal-full-title] Oncogene
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Oncogene
  • [Language] eng
  • [Grant] United States / NIAID NIH HHS / AI / AI28697; United States / FIC NIH HHS / TW / D43 TW00013-14
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • [Publication-country] England
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antibodies, Monoclonal; 0 / Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; 0 / Antigens, CD20; 0 / Antigens, CD95; 0 / Antineoplastic Agents; 0 / Enzyme Inhibitors; 0 / Imidazoles; 0 / NF-kappa B; 0 / Pyridines; 0 / SB 203580; 4F4X42SYQ6 / Rituximab; EC 2.7.11.24 / p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
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57. Magrath I: Lessons from clinical trials in African Burkitt lymphoma. Curr Opin Oncol; 2009 Sep;21(5):462-8
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  • [Title] Lessons from clinical trials in African Burkitt lymphoma.
  • PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The center of gravity of the AIDS epidemic has moved - in 2007, 67% of all persons living with HIV infection and 72% of all deaths from AIDS occurred in Africa.
  • The present review focuses on the treatment of an AIDS-defining malignancy, Burkitt lymphoma, since the discovery of the tumor in 1958 to provide a backdrop to the increasing necessity of dealing with AIDS-associated Burkitt lymphoma in Africa.
  • RECENT FINDINGS: In Africa, it appears that AIDS-associated Burkitt lymphoma is increasing, but although treatment outcome is presently poor, the demonstration that highly active antiretroviral therapy permits the same treatment results to those in AIDS-unassociated Burkitt lymphoma provides hope for the future.
  • SUMMARY: In the 1960s, the extraordinary response of Burkitt lymphoma to chemotherapy provided considerable encouragement to pioneer oncologists.
  • Within little more than a decade, the most active drugs, the value of combination chemotherapy, and the need for intrathecal treatment, as well as the risk of tumor lysis syndrome had been demonstrated, providing a platform on which further advances could be made in resource-rich countries.
  • The impact of the HIV epidemic on the epidemiology and treatment of African Burkitt lymphoma will receive increasing focus in the coming years.
  • [MeSH-major] Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / complications. Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use. Burkitt Lymphoma / drug therapy. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / drug therapy

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  • (PMID = 19620863.001).
  • [ISSN] 1531-703X
  • [Journal-full-title] Current opinion in oncology
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Curr Opin Oncol
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Review
  • [Publication-country] United States
  • [Number-of-references] 64
  •  go-up   go-down



58. Pantanowitz L, Pihan G, Carbone A, Dezube BJ: Differentiating HIV-associated non-Hodgkin's lymphomas with similar plasmacellular differentiation. J HIV Ther; 2009 Jun;14(2):24-33
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  • [Title] Differentiating HIV-associated non-Hodgkin's lymphomas with similar plasmacellular differentiation.
  • [MeSH-major] Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / pathology. Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / pathology. Plasma Cells / pathology
  • [MeSH-minor] Burkitt Lymphoma / pathology. Cell Differentiation. Herpesvirus 4, Human / isolation & purification. Herpesvirus 8, Human / isolation & purification. Humans. Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / pathology. Lymphoproliferative Disorders / pathology

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  • (PMID = 19839364.001).
  • [ISSN] 1462-0308
  • [Journal-full-title] Journal of HIV therapy
  • [ISO-abbreviation] J HIV Ther
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review
  • [Publication-country] England
  • [Number-of-references] 123
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59. Chang CM, Yu KJ, Mbulaiteye SM, Hildesheim A, Bhatia K: The extent of genetic diversity of Epstein-Barr virus and its geographic and disease patterns: a need for reappraisal. Virus Res; 2009 Aug;143(2):209-21
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  • Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous, gamma-1 lymphotrophic virus etiologically linked to nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), endemic to Southern China, and Burkitt lymphoma (BL), endemic to equatorial Africa, both of which are rare elsewhere in the world.
  • Why EBV is associated with different malignancies in different geographic regions remains puzzling and may be related to EBV genotypic variability through specific disease and geographic associations.
  • [MeSH-minor] Africa / epidemiology. Burkitt Lymphoma / epidemiology. Burkitt Lymphoma / virology. Carcinoma / epidemiology. Carcinoma / virology. China / epidemiology. Epstein-Barr Virus Nuclear Antigens / genetics. Genotype. Geography. Humans. Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms / epidemiology. Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms / virology. Trans-Activators / genetics. Viral Matrix Proteins / genetics

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  • (PMID = 19596032.001).
  • [ISSN] 1872-7492
  • [Journal-full-title] Virus research
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Virus Res.
  • [Language] eng
  • [Grant] United States / Intramural NIH HHS / / Z99 CA999999
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Review
  • [Publication-country] Netherlands
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / BZLF1 protein, Herpesvirus 4, Human; 0 / EBV-associated membrane antigen, Epstein-Barr virus; 0 / EBV-encoded nuclear antigen 1; 0 / Epstein-Barr Virus Nuclear Antigens; 0 / Trans-Activators; 0 / Viral Matrix Proteins
  • [Number-of-references] 160
  • [Other-IDs] NLM/ NIHMS132135; NLM/ PMC2731007
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60. Jacobs SL, Rozenblit A: HIV-associated hypervascular primary Burkitt's lymphoma of the liver. Clin Radiol; 2006 May;61(5):453-5
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  • [Title] HIV-associated hypervascular primary Burkitt's lymphoma of the liver.
  • [MeSH-major] Burkitt Lymphoma / radiography. Liver Neoplasms / radiography. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / radiography



61. Noy A: Controversies in the treatment of Burkitt lymphoma in AIDS. Curr Opin Oncol; 2010 Sep;22(5):443-8
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  • [Title] Controversies in the treatment of Burkitt lymphoma in AIDS.
  • Increasingly then, the risks of HIV associated cancers become paramount.
  • Burkitt lymphoma is one of the cancer subtypes highly disproportionately affecting HIV infected patients.
  • RECENT FINDINGS: Recent conference proceedings appear to corroborate early reports that intensive therapy of HIV-Burkitt lymphoma is feasible and effective.
  • An optimal approach is not defined due to the small numbers of patients in current trials and the absence of comparison studies.
  • Moreover, as breakthroughs in the pathogenesis of lymphoma in general and Burkitt lymphoma in particular suggest that HIV infection plays a significant role, the opportunity for targeted therapy based on differences in biology are wholly untapped.
  • SUMMARY: Advances are being made in HIV-Burkitt lymphoma, but future studies need to incorporate our expanding understanding of biology to improve efficacy and reduce toxicity, preferably by integrating a biologic approach to this curable disease.

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  • (PMID = 20683266.001).
  • [ISSN] 1531-703X
  • [Journal-full-title] Current opinion in oncology
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Curr Opin Oncol
  • [Language] ENG
  • [Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA121947-03S4; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U01 CA121947; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U01 CA121947-03S4
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review
  • [Publication-country] United States
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Anti-Retroviral Agents
  • [Other-IDs] NLM/ NIHMS237420; NLM/ PMC3415038
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62. Crosswell HE, Bergsagel DJ, Yost R, Lew G: Successful treatment with modified CHOP-rituximab in pediatric AIDS-related advanced stage Burkitt lymphoma. Pediatr Blood Cancer; 2008 Apr;50(4):883-5
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  • [Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  • [Title] Successful treatment with modified CHOP-rituximab in pediatric AIDS-related advanced stage Burkitt lymphoma.
  • Burkitt lymphoma is the most common AIDS-related lymphoma (ARL) in childhood.
  • We present a case of advanced stage Burkitt lymphoma in an 8-year-old female with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), who was successfully treated with a 3 month course of modified CHOP-R (cyclophosphamide, daunorubicin, vincristine, prednisone, and rituximab) and HAART therapy.
  • The combination of rituximab and chemotherapy with HAART therapy may be well-tolerated and effective in HIV/AIDS patients with Burkitt lymphoma.
  • [MeSH-major] Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / complications. Antibodies, Monoclonal / therapeutic use. Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use. Burkitt Lymphoma / drug therapy. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / drug therapy

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  • Hazardous Substances Data Bank. RITUXIMAB .
  • Hazardous Substances Data Bank. DOXORUBICIN .
  • Hazardous Substances Data Bank. CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE .
  • Hazardous Substances Data Bank. PREDNISONE .
  • Hazardous Substances Data Bank. VINCRISTINE .
  • NCI CPTC Antibody Characterization Program. NCI CPTC Antibody Characterization Program .
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  • [Copyright] (c) 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
  • (PMID = 17278123.001).
  • [ISSN] 1545-5017
  • [Journal-full-title] Pediatric blood & cancer
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Pediatr Blood Cancer
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article
  • [Publication-country] United States
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antibodies, Monoclonal; 0 / Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; 4F4X42SYQ6 / Rituximab; 5J49Q6B70F / Vincristine; 80168379AG / Doxorubicin; 8N3DW7272P / Cyclophosphamide; VB0R961HZT / Prednisone; CHOP protocol
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63. Lehmann C, Wyen C, Hoffmann C, Fätkenheuer G: Successful administration of aggressive chemotherapy concomitant to tuberculostatic and highly active antiretroviral therapy in a patient with AIDS-related Burkitt's lymphoma. HIV Med; 2005 Jan;6(1):51-3
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  • [Title] Successful administration of aggressive chemotherapy concomitant to tuberculostatic and highly active antiretroviral therapy in a patient with AIDS-related Burkitt's lymphoma.
  • Treatment of AIDS-related malignant lymphoma (ARL) remains a therapeutic challenge.
  • We report the case of a 38-year-old man with advanced HIV-1 infection, pulmonary tuberculosis and Burkitt's lymphoma.
  • Six months later, the patient achieved not only a complete remission of Burkitt's lymphoma and sustained viral suppression, but also a full recovery from tuberculosis.
  • [MeSH-major] Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use. Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active. Antitubercular Agents / therapeutic use. Burkitt Lymphoma / drug therapy. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / drug therapy
  • [MeSH-minor] AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / complications. AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / drug therapy. Adult. Humans. Male. Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / complications. Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / drug therapy

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  • (PMID = 15670254.001).
  • [ISSN] 1464-2662
  • [Journal-full-title] HIV medicine
  • [ISO-abbreviation] HIV Med.
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article
  • [Publication-country] England
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antitubercular Agents
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64. Stebbing J, Powles T, Mandalia S, Nelson M, Gazzard B, Bower M: Use of antidepressants and risk of cancer in individuals infected with HIV. J Clin Oncol; 2008 May 10;26(14):2305-10
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  • PURPOSE: Preclinical and cohort studies suggest that certain antidepressants are associated with a predisposition to cancer whereas others decrease the risk.
  • We aimed to assess whether different classes of antidepressants were associated with changes in cancer incidence in a population of HIV-1 infected individuals, based on duration of exposure.
  • METHODS: Antidepressant exposure was measured from date of first prescription of the antidepressant until the date of last follow-up or cancer diagnosis.
  • Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to establish the risk of AIDS-related cancers and non-AIDS-related cancers according to whether patients were receiving selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants, or other medicines for depression.
  • There were no significant associations between any class of antidepressant and any type of cancer (P = .19), in either the pre-HAART or HAART era (P = .23), and use of serotonin reuptake inhibitors did not alter the risk of Burkitt lymphoma.

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  • (PMID = 18467722.001).
  • [ISSN] 1527-7755
  • [Journal-full-title] Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology
  • [ISO-abbreviation] J. Clin. Oncol.
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article
  • [Publication-country] United States
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antidepressive Agents; 0 / Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; 0 / Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors
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65. Navarro WH, Kaplan LD: AIDS-related lymphoproliferative disease. Blood; 2006 Jan 1;107(1):13-20
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  • [Title] AIDS-related lymphoproliferative disease.
  • Not long after the recognition of HIV as the causative agent of AIDS, it was evident that individuals infected with HIV developed lymphoma at a greater rate than the population at large.
  • Approximately two thirds of AIDS-related lymphoma (ARL) cases are categorized as diffuse large B-cell type, with Burkitt lymphomas comprising 25% and other histologies a much smaller proportion.
  • For patients with relapses, solid evidence points to the safety and utility of hematopoietic-cell transplantation as a salvage modality.
  • Coinfection with other viruses such as Epstein-Barr virus and Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus have led to the genesis of previously rare or unrecognized lymphoma subtypes such as plasmablastic and primary effusion lymphomas.
  • [MeSH-major] Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / therapy
  • [MeSH-minor] Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use. Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active. Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. Humans. Lymphoproliferative Disorders / therapy. Treatment Outcome

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  • (PMID = 16099881.001).
  • [ISSN] 0006-4971
  • [Journal-full-title] Blood
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Blood
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Review
  • [Publication-country] United States
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antineoplastic Agents
  • [Number-of-references] 100
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66. Bahl S, Theis B, Nishri D, Marrett LD: Changing incidence of AIDS-related Kaposi sarcoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma in Ontario, Canada. Cancer Causes Control; 2008 Dec;19(10):1251-8
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  • [Title] Changing incidence of AIDS-related Kaposi sarcoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma in Ontario, Canada.
  • OBJECTIVE: To examine the influence of the AIDS epidemic on the incidence of Kaposi sarcoma (KS) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in Ontario.
  • AIDS cases were extracted from Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care reports.
  • CONCLUSIONS: The AIDS epidemic, the introduction of antiretroviral therapies, and the decrease in HIV infection rates explain the rise and decline of KS incidence in Ontario.
  • NHL incidence trends are more complex, although the AIDS epidemic explains the trends observed in younger men (in whom AIDS is more common), and for the AIDS-related subtypes.
  • [MeSH-major] Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / epidemiology. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / epidemiology. Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / epidemiology. Population Surveillance. Sarcoma, Kaposi / epidemiology
  • [MeSH-minor] Adult. Burkitt Lymphoma / epidemiology. Humans. Incidence. Logistic Models. Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / epidemiology. Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Immunoblastic / epidemiology. Male. Ontario / epidemiology. Registries / statistics & numerical data. Retrospective Studies



67. Behler CM, Kaplan LD: Advances in the management of HIV-related non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Curr Opin Oncol; 2006 Sep;18(5):437-43
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  • [Title] Advances in the management of HIV-related non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
  • PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Human immunodeficiency virus infection is associated with an increased risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
  • Even with a decrease in AIDS-defining illnesses after the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy, HIV-associated non-Hodgkin lymphoma remains an important problem.
  • RECENT FINDINGS: Low CD4+ T-lymphocyte count, disease stage, performance status, serum lactate dehydrogenase, and number of extranodal sites of disease are all important prognostic factors for HIV-non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
  • Recent studies have examined the role of infusional chemotherapy, as well as immunotherapy, in the treatment of aggressive HIV-non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and autologous stem cell transplantation for relapsed or refractory HIV-non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
  • New developments in the association of viral infection and pathogenesis of certain subtypes of HIV-non-Hodgkin lymphoma have also recently been reported.
  • SUMMARY: Outcomes of HIV-non-Hodgkin lymphoma are improving with the routine use of highly active antiretroviral therapy and combination chemotherapy.
  • For aggressive HIV-non-Hodgkin lymphoma, infusional chemotherapy regimens are well tolerated and lead to complete response in about 50-75% of cases and a 2-3 years overall survival of 40-60%.
  • HIV-associated Burkitt lymphoma should be treated with an intensive regimen rather than standard cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone-like chemotherapy.
  • Autologous stem cell transplantation should be considered for selected patients with relapsed or refractory HIV-non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
  • [MeSH-major] Anti-Retroviral Agents / therapeutic use. Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / therapy. Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / therapy. Stem Cell Transplantation

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  • (PMID = 16894290.001).
  • [ISSN] 1040-8746
  • [Journal-full-title] Current opinion in oncology
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Curr Opin Oncol
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Review
  • [Publication-country] United States
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Anti-Retroviral Agents
  • [Number-of-references] 65
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68. Nogueira MV, Vidal L, Terra B, Pagot T, Salluh JI, Soares M: Hemophagocytic syndrome associated with cytomegalovirus infection in a severely immunocompromised AIDS patient: case report. Braz J Infect Dis; 2009 Feb;13(1):72-3
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  • [Title] Hemophagocytic syndrome associated with cytomegalovirus infection in a severely immunocompromised AIDS patient: case report.
  • Hemophagocytic syndrome is a clinical condition characterized by the infiltration of the bone marrow and reticuloendothelial system by macrophages and activated histiocytes, leading to uncontrolled phagocytosis of platelets, erythrocytes, lymphocytes and precursor cells.
  • This syndrome is classified as familial or acquired; the latter is more frequent and is associated with diverse conditions, such as infections, malignancies and rheumatic diseases.
  • We report a case of HLH associated with cytomegalovirus infection in a patient with acquired-immunodeficiency syndrome and Burkitt's lymphoma.
  • [MeSH-major] AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / diagnosis. Cytomegalovirus Infections / diagnosis. Immunocompromised Host. Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic / diagnosis
  • [MeSH-minor] Adult. Burkitt Lymphoma / complications. Humans. Male. Severity of Illness Index

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  • (PMID = 19578635.001).
  • [ISSN] 1678-4391
  • [Journal-full-title] The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases : an official publication of the Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Braz J Infect Dis
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article
  • [Publication-country] Brazil
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69. Boué F, Gabarre J, Gisselbrecht C, Reynes J, Cheret A, Bonnet F, Billaud E, Raphael M, Lancar R, Costagliola D: Phase II trial of CHOP plus rituximab in patients with HIV-associated non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. J Clin Oncol; 2006 Sep 1;24(25):4123-8
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  • [Title] Phase II trial of CHOP plus rituximab in patients with HIV-associated non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
  • PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of rituximab adjunction to the cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP) regimen in patients with newly diagnosed AIDS-related non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
  • PATIENTS AND METHODS: HIV-seropositive patients with high-grade lymphoma of B-cell origin were eligible if they had no more than one of the following characteristics: CD4 cell count less than 100/microL, prior AIDS, or performance status less than 2.
  • Characteristics of patients were median age, 41 years; median CD4 cells, 172/microL; histology, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (n = 42), immunoblastic (n = 2), Burkitt lymphoma (n = 16), and plasmablastic (n = 1); 42 patients with stage III to IV; International Prognostic Index 0 to 1 (n=31), and 2 to 3 (n = 27).
  • Eighteen patients died: 16 as a result of lymphoma, one as a result of infection, and one as a result of encephalitis.
  • CONCLUSION: Rituximab adjunction to CHOP produced a CR rate of 77% and a 2-year survival rate of 75% in patients with AIDS-related non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, without increasing the risk of life-threatening infections.
  • [MeSH-major] Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use. Hodgkin Disease / drug therapy. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / drug therapy

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  • [CommentIn] J Clin Oncol. 2007 Feb 20;25(6):e6 [17308260.001]
  • [CommentIn] J Clin Oncol. 2007 Feb 20;25(6):e7 [17308261.001]
  • (PMID = 16896005.001).
  • [ISSN] 1527-7755
  • [Journal-full-title] Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology
  • [ISO-abbreviation] J. Clin. Oncol.
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Clinical Trial, Phase II; Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • [Publication-country] United States
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antibodies, Monoclonal; 0 / Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; 4F4X42SYQ6 / Rituximab; 5J49Q6B70F / Vincristine; 80168379AG / Doxorubicin; 8N3DW7272P / Cyclophosphamide; VB0R961HZT / Prednisone; CHOP protocol
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70. Carbone A, Cesarman E, Spina M, Gloghini A, Schulz TF: HIV-associated lymphomas and gamma-herpesviruses. Blood; 2009 Feb 5;113(6):1213-24
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  • [Title] HIV-associated lymphomas and gamma-herpesviruses.
  • Among the most common HIV-associated lymphomas are Burkitt lymphoma (BL) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) with immunoblastic-plasmacytoid differentiation (also involving the central nervous system).
  • Lymphomas occurring specifically in HIV-positive patients include primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) and its solid variants, plasmablastic lymphoma of the oral cavity type and large B-cell lymphoma arising in Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV)-associated multicentric Castleman disease.
  • These lymphomas together with BL and DLBCL with immunoblastic-plasmacytoid differentiation frequently carry EBV infection and display a phenotype related to plasma cells.
  • EBV infection occurs at different rates in different lymphoma types, whereas KSHV is specifically associated with PEL, which usually occurs in the setting of profound immunosuppression.
  • The current knowledge about HIV-associated lymphomas can be summarized in the following key points:.
  • (2) AIDS lymphomas fall in a spectrum of B-cell differentiation where those associated with EBV or KSHV commonly exhibit plasmablastic differentiation; and (3) prognosis for patients with lymphomas and concomitant HIV infection could be improved using better combined chemotherapy protocols incorporating anticancer treatments and antiretroviral drugs.
  • [MeSH-major] Gammaherpesvirinae / pathogenicity. HIV-1 / pathogenicity. Herpesviridae Infections / virology. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / virology



71. Guech-Ongey M, Simard EP, Anderson WF, Engels EA, Bhatia K, Devesa SS, Mbulaiteye SM: AIDS-related Burkitt lymphoma in the United States: what do age and CD4 lymphocyte patterns tell us about etiology and/or biology? Blood; 2010 Dec 16;116(25):5600-4
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  • [Title] AIDS-related Burkitt lymphoma in the United States: what do age and CD4 lymphocyte patterns tell us about etiology and/or biology?
  • Trimodal or bimodal age-specific incidence rates for Burkitt lymphoma (BL) were observed in the United States general population, but the role of immunosuppression could not be excluded.
  • Incidence rates, rate ratios, and 95% confidence intervals for BL and other non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), by age and CD4 lymphocyte count categories, were estimated using Poisson regression models using data from the United States HIV/AIDS Cancer Match study (1980-2005).
  • BL incidence was 22 cases per 100 000 person-years and 586 for non-BL NHL.
  • Adjusted BL incidence rate ratio among males was 1.6× that among females and among non-Hispanic blacks, 0.4× that among non-Hispanic whites, but unrelated to HIV-transmission category.
  • Non-BL NHL incidence increased from childhood to adulthood; in contrast, 2 age-specific incidence peaks during the pediatric and adult/geriatric years were observed for BL.
  • Non-BL NHL incidence rose steadily with decreasing CD4 lymphocyte counts; in contrast, BL incidence was lowest among people with ≤ 50 CD4 lymphocytes/μL versus those with ≥ 250 CD4 lymphocytes/μL (incidence rate ratio 0.3 [95% confidence interval = 0.2-0.6]).
  • The bimodal peaks for BL, in contrast to non-BL NHL, suggest effects of noncumulative risk factors at different ages.

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  • (PMID = 20813897.001).
  • [ISSN] 1528-0020
  • [Journal-full-title] Blood
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Blood
  • [Language] ENG
  • [Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / N01CO12400; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CP / N02CP31003; United States / Intramural NIH HHS / /
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
  • [Publication-country] United States
  • [Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC3031406
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72. Stefan DC, Van Toorn R, Andronikou S: Spinal compression due to Burkitt lymphoma in a newly diagnosed HIV-infected child. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol; 2009 Apr;31(4):252-5
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  • [Title] Spinal compression due to Burkitt lymphoma in a newly diagnosed HIV-infected child.
  • We describe a newly diagnosed HIV-infected child, without prior history of AIDS-defining disease, who presented with Burkitt lymphoma-related cauda equina syndrome that rapidly progressed to a flaccid paraplegia.
  • Diagnosis was confirmed on biopsy and magnetic resonance imaging of the spine showed multiple epidural masses with involvement of several vertebral bodies, cord edema and compression of the cord and cauda equina.
  • The patient is the first reported case of Burkitt lymphoma-related spinal cord compression as an initial AIDS-defining illness, in a 10-year-old child.
  • The outcome of the case highlights the importance of early diagnosis and prompt treatment of this aggressive tumor to avoid permanent neurologic deficits.
  • [MeSH-major] Burkitt Lymphoma / complications. HIV Infections / complications. Polyradiculopathy / etiology. Spinal Cord Compression / etiology. Spinal Cord Neoplasms / complications

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  • (PMID = 19346875.001).
  • [ISSN] 1536-3678
  • [Journal-full-title] Journal of pediatric hematology/oncology
  • [ISO-abbreviation] J. Pediatr. Hematol. Oncol.
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article
  • [Publication-country] United States
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73. Gujral S, Shet TM, Kane SV: Morphological spectrum of AIDS-related plasmablastic lymphomas. Indian J Pathol Microbiol; 2008 Jan-Mar;51(1):121-4
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  • [Title] Morphological spectrum of AIDS-related plasmablastic lymphomas.
  • We have had a recent spurt in cases of AIDS-related lymphoma (ARL) at our centre.
  • Most of these cases are aggressive mature B cell lymphomas, mainly plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).
  • Diagnosis was based on morphology, immunohistochemistry, proliferation index, HIV positive status and its preference to extranodal sites (mostly mucosa based).
  • We classified PBL into three morphological subtypes (immunoblastic - 25, Burkitt's - 7, plasmacytic - 2).
  • [MeSH-major] Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / complications. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / pathology
  • [MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Aged. Antigens, CD20 / analysis. Antigens, CD45 / analysis. Burkitt Lymphoma / pathology. Child. Female. Humans. Immunoglobulin Light Chains / analysis. Leukemia, Plasma Cell / pathology. Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Immunoblastic / pathology. Male. Middle Aged. Syndecan-1 / analysis

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  • (PMID = 18417882.001).
  • [ISSN] 0377-4929
  • [Journal-full-title] Indian journal of pathology & microbiology
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Indian J Pathol Microbiol
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article
  • [Publication-country] India
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antigens, CD20; 0 / Immunoglobulin Light Chains; 0 / SDC1 protein, human; 0 / Syndecan-1; EC 3.1.3.48 / Antigens, CD45
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74. Couitchéré GL, Niangué-Beugré NM, Effi B, Ankotché A, Cissé L, Enoh J, Andoh J: [AIDS-related Burkitt's lymphoma in a black African child]. Arch Pediatr; 2005 Apr;12(4):473-4
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  • [Title] [AIDS-related Burkitt's lymphoma in a black African child].
  • [Transliterated title] Lymphome de Burkitt VIH-induit chez un enfant noir africain.
  • [MeSH-major] Burkitt Lymphoma / diagnosis. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / diagnosis

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  • (PMID = 15808442.001).
  • [ISSN] 0929-693X
  • [Journal-full-title] Archives de pédiatrie : organe officiel de la Sociéte française de pédiatrie
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Arch Pediatr
  • [Language] fre
  • [Publication-type] Case Reports; Letter
  • [Publication-country] France
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75. Deffenbacher KE, Iqbal J, Liu Z, Fu K, Chan WC: Recurrent chromosomal alterations in molecularly classified AIDS-related lymphomas: an integrated analysis of DNA copy number and gene expression. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr; 2010 May 1;54(1):18-26
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  • [Title] Recurrent chromosomal alterations in molecularly classified AIDS-related lymphomas: an integrated analysis of DNA copy number and gene expression.
  • HIV-infected individuals have a significantly increased risk of developing an aggressive B-cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma relative to HIV(-) persons.
  • Due to their aggressive nature, AIDS-related lymphomas (ARL) can also be more difficult to classify.
  • To aid in case classification and identify key pathogenetic events in ARL, we analyzed gene expression data and somatic DNA copy number changes by high-resolution array comparative genomic hybridization in tumors from 20 B-cell derived ARL (B-ARL) patients.
  • Gene expression-based predictors robustly classified the B-ARL cases, distinguishing Burkitt lymphoma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and identifying activated B-cell like and germinal center B-cell like molecular subtypes of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.
  • [MeSH-major] Chromosome Aberrations. Gene Dosage. Gene Expression. HIV Infections / complications. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / diagnosis. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / pathology
  • [MeSH-minor] Adult. Burkitt Lymphoma / diagnosis. Burkitt Lymphoma / pathology. Comparative Genomic Hybridization. Diagnosis, Differential. Female. Humans. Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / diagnosis. Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / pathology. Male. Middle Aged. Young Adult

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  • (PMID = 20216076.001).
  • [ISSN] 1944-7884
  • [Journal-full-title] Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
  • [ISO-abbreviation] J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr.
  • [Language] eng
  • [Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / 5U01/CA114778; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / 5U01/CA114778-02S1; United States / NCRR NIH HHS / RR / P20 RR016469; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U01/CA84967
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • [Publication-country] United States
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76. Mwanda WO, Whalen C, Remick SC: Burkitt's lymphoma and emerging therapeutic strategies for EBV and AIDS-associated lymphoproliferative diseases in East Africa. East Afr Med J; 2005 Sep;82(9 Suppl):S133-4
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  • [Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  • [Title] Burkitt's lymphoma and emerging therapeutic strategies for EBV and AIDS-associated lymphoproliferative diseases in East Africa.
  • [MeSH-major] AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / drug therapy. Burkitt Lymphoma / drug therapy. Epstein-Barr Virus Infections / drug therapy. Herpesvirus 4, Human / isolation & purification. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / drug therapy. Lymphoproliferative Disorders / drug therapy

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  • (PMID = 16619688.001).
  • [ISSN] 0012-835X
  • [Journal-full-title] East African medical journal
  • [ISO-abbreviation] East Afr Med J
  • [Language] eng
  • [Grant] United States / PHS HHS / / A136219; United States / FIC NIH HHS / TW / TW00011
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • [Publication-country] Kenya
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77. Hill QA, Owen RG: CNS prophylaxis in lymphoma: who to target and what therapy to use. Blood Rev; 2006 Nov;20(6):319-32
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  • [Title] CNS prophylaxis in lymphoma: who to target and what therapy to use.
  • The purpose of this article is to review the current data on the risk of CNS relapse in patients with lymphoma and the efficacy of CNS directed prophylactic therapy.
  • CNS relapse occurred in 30-50% of those with Burkitt lymphoma and acute lymphoblastic leukaemia/lymphoma prior to the introduction of intensified regimens that include CNS prophylaxis.
  • Most patients with AIDS-related-lymphoma receive a short course of intrathecal prophylaxis but a re-evaluation of type and targeting of CNS prophylaxis is needed.
  • Patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) have a 5% overall risk of CNS relapse but a high risk sub-population can be identified on the basis of raised LDH and >1 extranodal site, testicular or primary breast involvement.
  • [MeSH-major] Central Nervous System Neoplasms / complications. Central Nervous System Neoplasms / prevention & control. Lymphoma / complications. Lymphoma / prevention & control

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  • (PMID = 16884838.001).
  • [ISSN] 0268-960X
  • [Journal-full-title] Blood reviews
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Blood Rev.
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Review
  • [Publication-country] Scotland
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antineoplastic Agents
  • [Number-of-references] 151
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78. Northup JK, Gadre SA, Ge Y, Lockhart LH, Velagaleti GV: Do cytogenetic abnormalities precede morphologic abnormalities in a developing malignant condition? Eur J Haematol; 2007 Feb;78(2):152-6
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  • The first case is that of a lymph node sample from a 40-yr-old non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) patient sent for determination of disease progress.
  • Cytogenetic studies of lymph node showed multiple clonal abnormalities, most notably a der(18) from a t(14;18) which is associated with high-grade NHL.
  • After two cycles of chemotherapy with fludarabine, the patient did not show any clinical response, suggesting possible progression to high-grade lymphoma.
  • The second case is of a patient with a history of human immunodeficiency virus and blastic natural killer leukemia/lymphoma.
  • Hematologic studies of ascitic fluid classified the patient as having pleural effusion lymphoma whereas bone marrow analysis showed no malignancy.
  • Bone marrow cytogenetic studies showed multiple clonal abnormalities including a t(8;14), which is commonly associated with Burkitt's lymphoma (BL).
  • To our knowledge, this is the first case wherein a morphologically normal bone marrow showed presence of clonal abnormalities consistent with BL or Pleural effusion lymphoma.
  • [MeSH-major] Burkitt Lymphoma / genetics. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / genetics. Lymphoma, Follicular / genetics. Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / genetics. Translocation, Genetic

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  • (PMID = 17313561.001).
  • [ISSN] 0902-4441
  • [Journal-full-title] European journal of haematology
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Eur. J. Haematol.
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article
  • [Publication-country] Denmark
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antibodies, Monoclonal; 0 / Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; 4F4X42SYQ6 / Rituximab; 5J49Q6B70F / Vincristine; 80168379AG / Doxorubicin; 8N3DW7272P / Cyclophosphamide; FA2DM6879K / Vidarabine; P2K93U8740 / fludarabine; VB0R961HZT / Prednisone; CHOP protocol
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79. Spina M, Simonelli C, Talamini R, Tirelli U: Patients with HIV with Burkitt's lymphoma have a worse outcome than those with diffuse large-cell lymphoma also in the highly active antiretroviral therapy era. J Clin Oncol; 2005 Nov 1;23(31):8132-3; author reply 8133-4
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  • [Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  • [Title] Patients with HIV with Burkitt's lymphoma have a worse outcome than those with diffuse large-cell lymphoma also in the highly active antiretroviral therapy era.
  • [MeSH-major] Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use. Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active. Burkitt Lymphoma / mortality. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / mortality. Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / mortality



80. Hoffmann C, Wolf E, Wyen C, Fätkenheuer G, Van Lunzen J, Stellbrink HJ, Stoehr A, Plettenberg A, Jaeger H, Noppeney R, Hentrich M, Goekbuget N, Hoelzer D, Horst HA: AIDS-associated Burkitt or Burkitt-like lymphoma: short intensive polychemotherapy is feasible and effective. Leuk Lymphoma; 2006 Sep;47(9):1872-80
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  • [Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  • [Title] AIDS-associated Burkitt or Burkitt-like lymphoma: short intensive polychemotherapy is feasible and effective.
  • The objective was to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of a short-term, multi-agent and dose intensive regimen in AIDS patients with Burkitt or Burkitt-like lymphoma (BL/BLL) and to compare its efficacy with that of a conventional regimen.
  • In a multi-variable Cox regression analysis, treatment according to the GMALL protocol was significantly associated with prolonged survival with a relative hazard rate of 0.13 (95% CI 0.03 - 0.63, P = 0.01).
  • In conclusion, the short and intensive GMALL protocol for B-ALL/NHL is feasible in patients with AIDS-BL/BLL.
  • [MeSH-major] Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use. Burkitt Lymphoma / drug therapy. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / drug therapy

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  • (PMID = 17065000.001).
  • [ISSN] 1042-8194
  • [Journal-full-title] Leukemia & lymphoma
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Leuk. Lymphoma
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Multicenter Study
  • [Publication-country] England
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 04079A1RDZ / Cytarabine; 5J49Q6B70F / Vincristine; 80168379AG / Doxorubicin; 8N3DW7272P / Cyclophosphamide; 9PHQ9Y1OLM / Prednisolone; E7WED276I5 / 6-Mercaptopurine; VB0R961HZT / Prednisone; ZS7284E0ZP / Daunorubicin; CHOP protocol
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81. StatBite: Lymphoma incidence in HIV patients vs. general population. J Natl Cancer Inst; 2010 Jul 21;102(14):1003
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  • [Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  • [Title] StatBite: Lymphoma incidence in HIV patients vs. general population.
  • [MeSH-major] Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / epidemiology. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / virology
  • [MeSH-minor] Burkitt Lymphoma / epidemiology. Burkitt Lymphoma / virology. Central Nervous System Neoplasms / epidemiology. Central Nervous System Neoplasms / virology. HIV Infections / complications. Hodgkin Disease / epidemiology. Hodgkin Disease / virology. Humans. Incidence. Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / epidemiology. Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / virology. Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / epidemiology. Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / virology

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  • (PMID = 20616355.001).
  • [ISSN] 1460-2105
  • [Journal-full-title] Journal of the National Cancer Institute
  • [ISO-abbreviation] J. Natl. Cancer Inst.
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article
  • [Publication-country] United States
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82. Zoufaly A, Stellbrink HJ, Heiden MA, Kollan C, Hoffmann C, van Lunzen J, Hamouda O, ClinSurv Study Group: Cumulative HIV viremia during highly active antiretroviral therapy is a strong predictor of AIDS-related lymphoma. J Infect Dis; 2009 Jul 1;200(1):79-87
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  • [Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  • [Title] Cumulative HIV viremia during highly active antiretroviral therapy is a strong predictor of AIDS-related lymphoma.
  • BACKGROUND: AIDS-related lymphoma contributes to significant morbidity and mortality among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).
  • We assessed the predictive role of cumulative HIV viremia and other risk factors in the development of AIDS-related non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
  • RESULTS: In the Cox model, which comprised 6022 patients and 27,812 patient-years of follow-up while patients were receiving HAART from 1999 through 2006, cumulative HIV viremia was found to be independently associated with the risk of lymphoma (hazard ratio, [HR], 1.67 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.27-2.20]) (P < .001]).
  • This association differed markedly between lymphoma subtypes.
  • Although the association was more pronounced for Burkitt-type lymphoma (HR, 3.45 [95% CI, 1.52-7.85]) (P = .003), there was no association between cumulative HIV viremia and the incidence of primary central nervous system lymphoma (HR, 1.00 [95% CI, 0.39-2.57]) (P = .997).
  • Other risk factors associated with an increased risk in a multivariable analysis included the latest CD4 T cell count as well as age per 10-year increment.
  • CONCLUSIONS: Cumulative HIV viremia is an independent and strong predictor of AIDS-related lymphoma among patients receiving HAART.
  • The influence of cumulative HIV viremia may differ between lymphoma subtypes.
  • [MeSH-major] Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active. HIV Infections / complications. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / epidemiology. Viremia / complications

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  • [CommentIn] J Infect Dis. 2009 Jul 1;200(1):8-10 [19476436.001]
  • (PMID = 19476437.001).
  • [ISSN] 0022-1899
  • [Journal-full-title] The Journal of infectious diseases
  • [ISO-abbreviation] J. Infect. Dis.
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article
  • [Publication-country] United States
  • [Investigator] Kuehne A; Arastéh K; Kowol S; Bergmann F; Warnke M; Brockmeyer N; Mühlbächer N; Rockstroh J; Wasmuth J; Oette M; Blondin C; Esser S; Schenk-Westkamp P; Plettenberg A; Lorenzen T; Walther I; Adam A; Weitner L; Schewe K; Goey H; Fenske S; Buhk T; Gellerman H; Wassmuss K; Stoll M; Gerschmann S; Horst H; Fätkenheuer G; Kümmerle T; Gillor D; Bogner J; Sonntag B; Salzberger B; Fritzsche C
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83. Oriol A, Ribera JM, Brunet S, del Potro E, Abella E, Esteve J: Highly active antiretroviral therapy and outcome of AIDS-related Burkitt's lymphoma or leukemia. Results of the PETHEMA-LAL3/97 study. Haematologica; 2005 Jul;90(7):990-2
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  • [Title] Highly active antiretroviral therapy and outcome of AIDS-related Burkitt's lymphoma or leukemia. Results of the PETHEMA-LAL3/97 study.
  • Short, intensive cycles of chemotherapy have resulted in improved survival in BurkittOs lymphoma/leukemia (BL) in adults.
  • The prognosis of patients with immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated BL is considered to be poor, but these patients have seldom been treated with BL-specific protocols.
  • [MeSH-major] Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use. Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active. Leukemia / drug therapy. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / drug therapy
  • [MeSH-minor] Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / complications. Adult. Aged. Cyclophosphamide / therapeutic use. Cytarabine / therapeutic use. Dexamethasone / therapeutic use. Disease-Free Survival. Etoposide / therapeutic use. Female. Follow-Up Studies. Humans. Ifosfamide / therapeutic use. Leucovorin / therapeutic use. Male. Methotrexate / therapeutic use. Middle Aged. Prednisone / therapeutic use. Treatment Outcome. Vincristine / therapeutic use



84. Blinder VS, Chadburn A, Furman RR, Mathew S, Leonard JP: Improving outcomes for patients with Burkitt lymphoma and HIV. AIDS Patient Care STDS; 2008 Mar;22(3):175-87
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  • [Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  • [Title] Improving outcomes for patients with Burkitt lymphoma and HIV.
  • Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is a highly aggressive B-cell malignancy that occurs with increased frequency among patients infected with HIV.
  • However, the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and the mounting evidence that less intensive lymphoma regimens are ineffective in BL have led investigators to treat HIV-positive patients with the same chemotherapy now established as the standard of care for immunocompetent patients.
  • [MeSH-major] Antibodies, Monoclonal / therapeutic use. Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use. Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active. Burkitt Lymphoma. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / physiopathology

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  • (PMID = 18290753.001).
  • [ISSN] 1557-7449
  • [Journal-full-title] AIDS patient care and STDs
  • [ISO-abbreviation] AIDS Patient Care STDS
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Review
  • [Publication-country] United States
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antibodies, Monoclonal; 0 / Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; 0 / Antineoplastic Agents; 4F4X42SYQ6 / Rituximab; 5J49Q6B70F / Vincristine; 80168379AG / Doxorubicin; 8N3DW7272P / Cyclophosphamide; VB0R961HZT / Prednisone; CHOP protocol
  • [Number-of-references] 46
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85. Fallo A, De Matteo E, Preciado MV, Cerqueiro MC, Escoms S, Chabay P, López E: Epstein-Barr virus associated with primary CNS lymphoma and disseminated BCG infection in a child with AIDS. Int J Infect Dis; 2005 Mar;9(2):96-103
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  • [Title] Epstein-Barr virus associated with primary CNS lymphoma and disseminated BCG infection in a child with AIDS.
  • BACKGROUND: AIDS patients are at increased risk of developing concurrent infections with viral, parasitic, fungal or mycobacterial organisms.
  • They can present constitutional symptoms of fever and weight loss, either due to infections or an underlying lymphoma which may coexist.
  • CASE REPORT: A child with HIV-AIDS and mild encephalopathy is reported, who during the course of a confirmed disseminated mycobacterial disease developed neurological impairment.
  • Post-mortem examination revealed disseminated BCG infection and Epstein-Barr associated primary CNS lymphoma.
  • Only isolated cases of primary CNS lymphoma occurring in HIV-infected children have been reported, and a striking association with EBV infection has been demonstrated.
  • [MeSH-major] Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / complications. BCG Vaccine / adverse effects. Brain Neoplasms / etiology. Burkitt Lymphoma / etiology. Tuberculosis / etiology
  • [MeSH-minor] AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections. Child, Preschool. Fatal Outcome. Female. Humans



86. Corti M, Villafañe Fioti MF, Lewi D, Schtirbu R, Narbaitz M, de Dios Soler M: [Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas of the digestive tract and anexal glands in AIDS patients]. Acta Gastroenterol Latinoam; 2006 Dec;36(4):190-6
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  • [Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  • [Title] [Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas of the digestive tract and anexal glands in AIDS patients].
  • [Transliterated title] Linfomas del tubo digestivo y glándulas anexas en pacientes con SIDA. Serie de casos.
  • BACKGROUND: Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is the second most common neoplasm among patients with AIDS.
  • One of the major clinical characteristics of AIDS-associated NHL is the high frequency of extra-nodal involvement, including the gastrointestinal tract, at initial presentation.
  • METHODS: From January 1997 to December 2004, 8 cases of NHL of the digestive tract and anexal glands (liver and parotid gland) were observed at the HIV/AIDS division of the Infectious Diseases FJ Muñiz Hospital from Buenos Aires, Argentina.
  • The median age was 42 years and the median CD4 T cell count was 87 cells/uL at the time of the diagnosis of neoplasm.
  • No patient was receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) at lymphoma diagnosis.
  • The global incidence of AIDS-associated lymphomas (central nervous system lymphomas, non-Hodgkin lymphomas and Hodgkin lymphoma) during the time of study was 2,9% (54 cases); 17 patients (32%) had diagnosis of systemic NHL; 10 (58,8%) of them were extranodal at the onset of clinical symptoms and 8 (80%) involvement the digestive tract and anexal glands (parotid gland, cavum, esophagus, stomach, duodenum, the right colon in 2 patients and the liver), as primary NHL of high grade and "B" phenotype.
  • All patients presented "B" symptoms at the time of diagnosis.
  • Primary duodenal lymphoma was the only Burkitt lymphoma of this serie and we detected the Epstein-Barr virus genome in the biopsy smears of this tumor and in the hepatic lymphoma.
  • Four patients were treated with systemic chemotherapy with granulocitic growth factor support plus highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART); 2 of them (cavum and one of the colon) had a prolonged survival with immune reconstitution during 5 and 6 years, respectively, after the diagnosis.
  • CONCLUSION: NHL of the gastrointestinal tract is a severe complication of advanced HIV/AIDS disease.
  • Early diagnosis followed by chemotherapy plus HAART are necessary to improve the prognosis and the survival of these patients.
  • [MeSH-major] Gastrointestinal Neoplasms / diagnosis. Liver Neoplasms / diagnosis. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / diagnosis. Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / diagnosis. Parotid Neoplasms / diagnosis



87. Carbone A, Gloghini A: AIDS-related lymphomas: from pathogenesis to pathology. Br J Haematol; 2005 Sep;130(5):662-70
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  • [Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  • [Title] AIDS-related lymphomas: from pathogenesis to pathology.
  • Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated lymphomas include:.
  • The vast majority of these lymphomas are high-grade B-cell lymphomas: Burkitt lymphoma (BL), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) with centroblastic (CB) features and DLBCL with immunoblastic (IBL) features;.
  • (2) unusual lymphomas occurring more specifically in HIV-positive patients and include two rare entities, namely 'primary effusion lymphoma' (PEL) and 'plasmablastic lymphoma' of the oral cavity.
  • The pathological heterogeneity of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-associated non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (AIDS-NHL) reflects the heterogeneity of their associated molecular lesions.
  • In AIDS-BL, the molecular lesions involve activation of cMYC, inactivation of P53, and infection with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV).
  • AIDS-IBL infected with EBV are characterised by frequent expression of latent membrane protein 1--an EBV oncoprotein.
  • The biological heterogeneity of AIDS-NHL is highlighted by their histogenetic differences.
  • Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus/human herpesvirus 8 (KSHV/HHV8)-associated lymphomas, which often develop in persons with advanced AIDS, present predominantly as PEL.
  • The KSHV/HHV8-associated solid lymphomas are (1) unusual lymphomas that occur more specifically in HIV-positive patients;.
  • (2) extracavitary and arise in nodal and/or extranodal sites; and (3) histologically, they usually display a PEL-like morphology and plasma cell-related phenotype.
  • [MeSH-major] HIV-1. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related. Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin. Sarcoma, Kaposi
  • [MeSH-minor] Diagnosis, Differential. Herpesvirus 8, Human. Humans



88. El-Salem M, Raghunath PN, Marzec M, Liu X, Kasprzycka M, Robertson E, Wasik MA: Activation of mTORC1 signaling pathway in AIDS-related lymphomas. Am J Pathol; 2009 Aug;175(2):817-24
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  • [Title] Activation of mTORC1 signaling pathway in AIDS-related lymphomas.
  • Using immunohistochemistry with antibodies against the phosphoserine residues in both S6rp and 4E binding protein 1, we identified the activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTORC)1 pathway in 29 cases of AIDS-related lymphoma.
  • These cases represented a diverse spectrum of histological types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (24 cases) and classic Hodgkin lymphoma (five cases).
  • mTORC1 was also activated in the hyperplastic but not involuted follicles of HIV-associated lymphadenopathy in eight cases, supporting the notion that mTORC1 activation is a common feature of transformed lymphocytes irrespective of either their reactive or malignant phenotype.
  • We also found that in B-cell lines that represent diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma, Epstein-Barr virus-infected lymphocytes, and human herpesvirus 8-positive primary effusion lymphoma, inhibitors of Syk, MEK, and, seemingly, phosphoinositide 3 kinases suppressed mTORC1 activation, in particular when these inhibitors were used in combination.
  • These findings indicate that AIDS-related lymphoma and other histologically similar types of lymphomas that are derived from transformed B lymphocytes may display clinical responses to inhibitors that directly target mTORC1 or, possibly, upstream activators of the mTORC1 pathway.

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  • (PMID = 19608873.001).
  • [ISSN] 1525-2191
  • [Journal-full-title] The American journal of pathology
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Am. J. Pathol.
  • [Language] ENG
  • [Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA089194; United States / NIDCR NIH HHS / DE / R01 DE017337; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01-CA89194; United States / NIDCR NIH HHS / DE / R01-DE-017337
  • [Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • [Publication-country] United States
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antibodies, Phospho-Specific; 0 / Multiprotein Complexes; 0 / Proteins; 0 / Transcription Factors; 0 / mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1; 17885-08-4 / Phosphoserine; EC 2.7.1.1 / TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases
  • [Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2716976
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89. Suzuki K, Nakazato T, Sanada Y, Mihara A, Tachikawa N, Kurai H, Yoshimura Y, Hayashi H, Yoshida S, Kakimoto T: [Successful treatment with hyper-CVAD and highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) for AIDS-related Burkitt lymphoma]. Rinsho Ketsueki; 2010 Mar;51(3):207-12
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  • [Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  • [Title] [Successful treatment with hyper-CVAD and highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) for AIDS-related Burkitt lymphoma].
  • Colonoscopy was performed and histological examination of the colon tumor revealed Burkitt's lymphoma (BL).
  • In the HAART era, the survival of patients with AIDS-related diffuse large cell lymphoma (DLCL) improved dramatically, whereas the survival of similarly treated patients with AIDS-related BL remained poor.
  • Our case suggests that intensive chemotherapy with hyper-CVAD/MTX-Ara-C combined with HAART may be well tolerated and effective in AIDS-related BL.
  • [MeSH-major] Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active. Burkitt Lymphoma / drug therapy. Colonic Neoplasms / drug therapy. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / drug therapy

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  • (PMID = 20379116.001).
  • [ISSN] 0485-1439
  • [Journal-full-title] [Rinshō ketsueki] The Japanese journal of clinical hematology
  • [ISO-abbreviation] Rinsho Ketsueki
  • [Language] jpn
  • [Publication-type] Case Reports; English Abstract; Journal Article
  • [Publication-country] Japan
  • [Chemical-registry-number] 04079A1RDZ / Cytarabine; 5J49Q6B70F / Vincristine; 6PLQ3CP4P3 / Etoposide; 7S5I7G3JQL / Dexamethasone; 80168379AG / Doxorubicin; 8N3DW7272P / Cyclophosphamide; VB0R961HZT / Prednisone; YL5FZ2Y5U1 / Methotrexate; CVAD protocol; EPOCH protocol
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90. Stebbing J, Mandalia S, Palmieri C, Nelson M, Gazzard B, Bower M: Burkitt's lymphoma and previous AIDS-defining illnesses are not prognostic factors in AIDS-related non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. J Clin Oncol; 2005 Nov 20;23(33):8538-40; author reply 8540-1
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  • [Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  • [Title] Burkitt's lymphoma and previous AIDS-defining illnesses are not prognostic factors in AIDS-related non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
  • [MeSH-major] Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active. Burkitt Lymphoma / drug therapy. Burkitt Lymphoma / mortality. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / drug therapy. Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / mortality

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  • [CommentOn] J Clin Oncol. 2005 Jul 1;23(19):4430-8 [15883411.001]
  • (PMID = 16293885.001).
  • [ISSN] 0732-183X
  • [Journal-full-title] Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology
  • [ISO-abbreviation] J. Clin. Oncol.
  • [Language] eng
  • [Publication-type] Comment; Letter
  • [Publication-country] United States
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