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[Title] [Spatial delimitation of low grade oligodendrogliomas].

[Transliterated title] Délimitation spatiale des oligodendrogliomes de bas grade.

Image-guided surgery is the central element of therapeutic management of low grade gliomas and consequently, a precise preoperative definition of their spatial extension is necessary.

The question of the present work is: do the imaging abnormalities delineate the real spatial development of low grade oligodendrogliomas?

Moreover, mathematical models and histological studies suggest that MRI does not indicate the actual spatial extension of low grade oligodendrogliomas.

This study focused on histological analysis of biopsy samples performed outside MRI imaging abnormalities in patients who harboured a low grade oligodendroglioma.

Thus, conventional imaging findings, including MRI on T2-weighted and FLAIR sequences, are not able to provide the real spatial development and boundaries of low grade oligodendrogliomas.

[MeSH-major] Brain Neoplasms / pathology. Neoplasm Invasiveness. Oligodendroglioma / pathology

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Biopsy. Brain / pathology. Brain / surgery. Female. Humans. Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. Male. Middle Aged. Neoplasm Staging. Preoperative Care. Radiopharmaceuticals. Retrospective Studies. Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi

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(PMID = 16292169.001).

[ISSN] 0028-3770

[Journal-full-title] Neuro-Chirurgie

[ISO-abbreviation] Neurochirurgie

[Language] fre

[Publication-type] English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] France

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Radiopharmaceuticals; 971Z4W1S09 / Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi

   

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[Title] High rate of deletion of chromosomes 1p and 19q in insular oligodendroglial tumors.

It has been reported recently that oligodendroglial tumors arising in the insula rarely harbor co-deletions of chromosomes 1p and 19q, a molecular signature which is associated with a good prognosis and increased responsiveness to radiation and chemotherapy compared with tumors in which 1p and/or 19q is intact.

In the context of this claim, we analyzed a series of insular oligodendroglial tumors in order to determine the frequency of 1p/19q co-deletion in tumors arising in this region.

Four (50%) of eight oligodendrogliomas and four (67%) of six oligoastrocytomas demonstrated 1p/19q co-deletions.

Seven of the eight tumors with co-deletion of 1p/19q were WHO grade II gliomas.

There were no statistical differences between tumors with 1p/19q co-deletion compared to those with 1p and/or 19q intact in terms of age, preoperative KPS, presenting symptoms, left versus right lateralization, tumor location (purely insular versus extension into frontal or temporal lobe), preoperative tumor size.

In contradistinction to previous reports, loss of 1p/19q occurs commonly in insular oligodendroglial tumors.

With respect to 1p/19q, insular gliomas do not appear to be distinct from gliomas arising elsewhere in the brain.

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(PMID = 20035368.001).

[ISSN] 1573-7373

[Journal-full-title] Journal of neuro-oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Neurooncol.

[Language] ENG

[Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA115729-04; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / P50CA127001; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA115729; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / P50 CA127001; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA115729-04

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Other-IDs] NLM/ NIHMS172388; NLM/ PMC2891585

   

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[Title] Molecular analysis of chromosome 1, 10 and 19 abnormalities in human oligodendroglial tumors: relationship between frequency of LOH grade, age and gender.

BACKGROUND: Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on 1p and 19q is observed in most oligodendroglial tumors.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: We reviewed 14 patients with oligodendroglial tumors (10 low-grade and 4 anaplastic oligodendroglioma) to evaluate the frequency of LOH on 1p, 10q and 19q and correlate it with tumor grade and patients' age and gender; 5 loci on 1p and 5 on 19q as well as 4 on 10q were analyzed for LOH using PCR techniques.

RESULTS: LOH on 1p together with 19q was detected in 6 tumors, 1 tumor showed deletion of 19q accompanied with deletion on 10q.

Grade II oligodendrogliomas predominated among younger patients (p < 0.01) while grade III oligodendrogliomas predominated among women (p < 0.005).

No association between LOH on 1p nor 19q and tumor grade or patients' gender was found.

CONCLUSION: Our study provides several clinically interesting findings and further supports the hypothesis of chromosome 1p and 19q involvement in the oligodendroglial cancerogenesis.

[MeSH-major] Brain Neoplasms / genetics. Brain Neoplasms / pathology. Chromosome Aberrations. DNA, Neoplasm / genetics. Oligodendroglioma / genetics

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Age Factors. Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1 / genetics. Chromosomes, Human, Pair 10 / genetics. Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19 / genetics. Female. Humans. Loss of Heterozygosity. Male. Middle Aged. Sex Factors

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(PMID = 16465770.001).

[ISSN] 0722-5091

[Journal-full-title] Clinical neuropathology

[ISO-abbreviation] Clin. Neuropathol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Germany

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / DNA, Neoplasm

   

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[Title] Immunohistochemical detection of phosphorylated JAK-2 and STAT-5 proteins and correlation with erythropoietin receptor (EpoR) expression status in human brain tumors.

Phosphorylated (activated) forms of Janus Kinase 2 (pJAK-2) and STAT-5 transcription factor (pSTAT-5), which are preferentially expressed after binding of erythropoietin (Epo) to its receptor EpoR, are known to be implicated in the molecular mechanisms controlling brain development.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression of these proteins (pJAK-2, pSTAT-5, and EpoR) in human brain tumors compared with normal brain.

Using specific antibodies and immunohistochemistry on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded semi-serial tissue sections a total of 87 human brain tumors and samples from normal brain tissue were studied. pJAK-2/pSTAT-5 nuclear co-expression was detected in 39% of astrocytomas, 43% of oligodendrogliomas, 50% of ependymomas, and in all (100%) of the medulloblastomas examined.

Oligodendrogliomas and medulloblastomas were EpoR immunonegative.

Tumor vessels exhibited EpoR, pJAK-2, and pSTAT-5 immunoreactivity.

In normal brain tissue, EpoR immunoreactivity was detected in neurons and vessels whereas pSTAT-5 and pJAK-2 immunoreactivity was limited to some neurons and a few glial cells, respectively.

These results indicate the existence of ligand (other than Epo)-dependent or independent JAK-2 activation that leads to constitutive activation of STAT-5 in most human brain tumors.

Given the oncogenic potential of the JAK/STAT pathway, detection of different pJAK-2 and pSTAT-5 expression profiles between groups of tumors may reflect differences in the biological behavior of the various human brain tumors.

[MeSH-major] Brain Neoplasms / metabolism. Janus Kinase 2 / biosynthesis. Receptors, Erythropoietin / biosynthesis. STAT5 Transcription Factor / biosynthesis

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Child. Child, Preschool. Gene Expression Profiling. Humans. Immunohistochemistry. Middle Aged. Phosphorylation. Signal Transduction / physiology. Young Adult

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(PMID = 20336349.001).

[ISSN] 1573-7373

[Journal-full-title] Journal of neuro-oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Neurooncol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Receptors, Erythropoietin; 0 / STAT5 Transcription Factor; EC 2.7.10.2 / JAK2 protein, human; EC 2.7.10.2 / Janus Kinase 2

   

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[Transliterated title] Facteurs pronostiques et prédictifs de réponse des gliomes cérébraux de l'adulte.

Malignant gliomas are the most prevalent type of primary brain tumor in adults.

They are then classified according to their degree of malignancy into low-grade gliomas (I and II) and high-grade gliomas (III an IV) according to WHO classification.

Because patients with a same histologic diagnosis have variable outcomes, there is a need to develop better prognostic markers to predict tumor behaviour and response to therapy.

For patients with low-grade gliomas, several clinical parameters affect prognosis and therapeutic options: histological type, tumor measurements, young age, performance status.

For high-grade tumors, prognostic and predictive molecular markers have been identified.

The combined loss of 1p and 19q is strongly correlated with the oligodendroglial phenotype and is associated with both chemotherapeutic response and prolonged overall survival in anaplastic (grade III) oligodendrogliomas treated with PCV chemotherapy and probably with temozolomide.

[MeSH-major] Brain Neoplasms. Glioma

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Age Factors. Biomarkers, Tumor / metabolism. Chromosome Deletion. Humans. PTEN Phosphohydrolase / metabolism. Predictive Value of Tests. Prognosis. Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor / antagonists & inhibitors. Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor / metabolism. Treatment Outcome. Tumor Burden

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(PMID = 19357011.001).

[ISSN] 1769-6917

[Journal-full-title] Bulletin du cancer

[ISO-abbreviation] Bull Cancer

[Language] fre

[Publication-type] English Abstract; Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] France

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; EC 2.7.10.1 / Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor; EC 3.1.3.48 / PTEN protein, human; EC 3.1.3.67 / PTEN Phosphohydrolase

[Number-of-references] 52

   

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[Title] Apparent diffusion coefficient histograms may predict low-grade glioma subtype.

The purpose of this work was to investigate whether apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) histograms of untreated low-grade astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas exhibit different characteristics due to their biological differences, and whether a diagnosis of tumour subtype can be made at presentation using the histogram alone, which, if possible, would have an impact on clinical practise.

Fifteen patients with astrocytoma (AC) [11 male (mean age +/- standard deviation) 40 +/- 11 years], nine with oligodendroglioma (OD) (four male, 45 +/- 13 years) and three with oligoastrocytoma (OA) (two male, 60 +/- 11 years) were recruited and diffusion-weighted images (b = 0 and 1000 s mm(-2)) were acquired every 6 months to date or until malignant transformation.

ADC histogram analysis may aid non-invasive sub-classification of low-grade glioma histological subtypes.

[MeSH-major] Brain Neoplasms / pathology. Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging / methods. Glioma / pathology

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Astrocytoma / classification. Astrocytoma / pathology. Brain Diseases / pathology. Calcinosis / pathology. Cysts / pathology. Data Display. Discriminant Analysis. Disease Progression. Female. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Oligodendroglioma / classification. Oligodendroglioma / pathology

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(PMID = 16986106.001).

[ISSN] 0952-3480

[Journal-full-title] NMR in biomedicine

[ISO-abbreviation] NMR Biomed

[Language] eng

[Grant] United Kingdom / Multiple Sclerosis Society / / 748

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Evaluation Studies; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] England

   

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[Title] The tumour-associated carbonic anhydrases CA II, CA IX and CA XII in a group of medulloblastomas and supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumours: an association of CA IX with poor prognosis.

BACKGROUND: Medulloblastomas (MBs) and supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumours (PNETs) are the most common highly aggressive paediatric brain tumours.

Our aim was to investigate whether carbonic anhydrases (CAs), enzymes commonly overexpressed in various tumours including glioblastomas and oligodendrogliomas, are present in MBs and PNETs, and whether their expression can be correlated with patient prognosis.

METHODS: We determined the expression of the tumour-associated carbonic anhydrases CA II, CA IX and CA XII in a series of MB/PNET specimens (n = 39) using immunohistochemistry.

RESULTS: Endothelial CA II, cytoplasmic CA II, CA IX and CA XII were expressed in 49%, 73%, 23% and 11% of the tumours, respectively.

CA II was detected in the neovessel endothelium and the tumour cell cytoplasm.

[MeSH-major] Antigens, Neoplasm / analysis. Biomarkers, Tumor / analysis. Carbonic Anhydrase II / analysis. Carbonic Anhydrases / analysis. Cerebellar Neoplasms / enzymology. Medulloblastoma / enzymology. Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive / enzymology. Supratentorial Neoplasms / enzymology

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Aged. Apoptosis. Chi-Square Distribution. Child. Child, Preschool. Cytoplasm / enzymology. Endothelial Cells / enzymology. Female. Finland. Humans. Immunohistochemistry. Infant. Infant, Newborn. Kaplan-Meier Estimate. Male. Middle Aged. Odds Ratio. Proportional Hazards Models. Time Factors. Treatment Outcome. Young Adult

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(PMID = 20398423.001).

[ISSN] 1471-2407

[Journal-full-title] BMC cancer

[ISO-abbreviation] BMC Cancer

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antigens, Neoplasm; 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; EC 4.2.1.- / Carbonic Anhydrase II; EC 4.2.1.1 / CA9 protein, human; EC 4.2.1.1 / Carbonic Anhydrases; EC 4.2.1.1 / carbonic anhydrase XII

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2874782

   

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[Title] Fluid-attenuated inversion-recovery MR imaging in assessment of intracranial oligodendrogliomas.

This retrospective study consisted of 17 consecutive patients with oligodendrogliomas.

We qualitatively and quantitatively assessed the diagnostic value of fluid-attenuated inversion-recovery (FLAIR) images compared with T2-weighted fast spin-echo (FSE) images for evaluating intracranial oligodendrogliomas.

Qualitative evaluations of signal intensity, tumor conspicuity, definition of tumor margin, distinction between solid and cystic-like parts within tumor, and calcification were performed.

Quantitative criteria comparing FLAIR to T2-weighted FSE images included tumor-to-background contrast and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and tumor-to-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) contrast and CNR.

Our results demonstrate that the FLAIR sequence can replace the T2-weighted FSE sequence for evaluating oligodendrogliomas.

[MeSH-major] Brain Neoplasms / diagnosis. Magnetic Resonance Imaging / methods. Oligodendroglioma / diagnosis

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Aged. Female. Humans. Image Enhancement. Male. Middle Aged. Retrospective Studies. United States

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(PMID = 15890255.001).

[ISSN] 0895-6111

[Journal-full-title] Computerized medical imaging and graphics : the official journal of the Computerized Medical Imaging Society

[ISO-abbreviation] Comput Med Imaging Graph

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

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[Title] Extent of surgical resection is independently associated with survival in patients with hemispheric infiltrating low-grade gliomas.

OBJECTIVE: It remains unknown whether the extent of surgical resection affects survival or disease progression in patients with supratentorial low-grade gliomas.

Our main outcome measures were OS, PFS, and malignant degeneration-free survival (conversion to high-grade glioma).

RESULTS: One hundred thirty-two primary and 38 revision resections were performed for low-grade astrocytomas (n = 93) or oligodendrogliomas (n = 77).

After GTR, NTR, and STR, median time to tumor progression was 7.0, 4.0, and 3.5 years, respectively.

CONCLUSION: GTR was associated with a delay in tumor progression and malignant degeneration as well as improved OS independent of age, degree of disability, histological subtype, or revision versus primary resection.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / surgery. Neoplasm, Residual / diagnosis. Oligodendroglioma / surgery. Supratentorial Neoplasms / surgery

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Cohort Studies. Disease Progression. Disease-Free Survival. Female. Humans. Karnofsky Performance Status. Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Male. Middle Aged. Neoplasm Invasiveness. Neurosurgical Procedures. Proportional Hazards Models. Retrospective Studies. Survival Rate. Time Factors. Young Adult

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(PMID = 18981880.001).

[ISSN] 1524-4040

[Journal-full-title] Neurosurgery

[ISO-abbreviation] Neurosurgery

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

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[Title] Glioblastomatous recurrence of oligodendroglioma remote from the original site: a case report.

BACKGROUND: As in all diffuse gliomas, recurrence is an inherent feature of oligodendrogliomas, either as the same or higher grade neoplasm at the primary site.

The rate of remote recurrence after surgery for the primary tumor cannot be estimated from the scarce literature, but delayed treatment of the primary tumor and genetic alterations may be associated with this phenomenon.

A magnetic resonance imaging scan disclosed a right frontal mass lesion showing features of a low-grade glioma for which he refused any treatment.

Seven months after diagnosis upon uncontrollable seizures, he underwent a stereotactic biopsy, which was followed by a right frontal craniotomy, both of which confirmed the lesion as a grade 2 oligodendroglioma.

CONCLUSION: Recurrence of a frontal lobe oligodendroglioma remote from the primary site as a GBM is a rare occurrence.

As the genetic analysis suggests, conversion of oligodendroglioma to GBM may be associated with gain of chromosome 7, loss of chromosome 10, and other genetic markers that may represent late events in the oncogenesis of oligodendroglial tumors.

[MeSH-major] Brain Neoplasms / pathology. Frontal Lobe / pathology. Glioblastoma / pathology. Oligodendroglioma / pathology

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Chromosome Deletion. Chromosomes, Human, Pair 10 / genetics. Chromosomes, Human, Pair 7 / genetics. Craniotomy. Humans. Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Male. Monosomy / diagnosis. Monosomy / genetics. Neoplasm Invasiveness / pathology. Neoplasm Recurrence, Local. Radiosurgery / instrumentation. Seizures / diagnosis. Seizures / etiology. Trisomy / diagnosis. Trisomy / genetics

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(PMID = 17145331.001).

[ISSN] 0090-3019

[Journal-full-title] Surgical neurology

[ISO-abbreviation] Surg Neurol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

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Gliomas are the most common tumors of the central nervous system.

Gene PAX6, which encodes a transcription factor that plays an important role in the development of the central nervous system, was recently recognized as a tumor suppressor in gliomas.

The objective of the present study was to analyze the mutational status of the coding and regulating regions of PAX6 in 94 gliomas: 81 astrocytomas (11 grade I, 23 grade II, 8 grade III, and 39 grade IV glioblastomas), 5 oligodendrogliomas (3 grade II, and 2 grade III), and 8 ependymomas (5 grade II, and 3 grade III).

Therefore, we conclude that the tumor suppressor role of PAX6, reported in previous studies on gliomas, is not due to mutation in its coding and regulating regions, suggesting the involvement of epigenetic mechanisms in the silencing of PAX6 in these tumors.

[MeSH-major] Central Nervous System Neoplasms / genetics. Eye Proteins / genetics. Glioma / genetics. Homeodomain Proteins / genetics. Mutation. Paired Box Transcription Factors / genetics. Repressor Proteins / genetics

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Aged. Astrocytoma / genetics. Base Sequence. Child. Child, Preschool. DNA Mutational Analysis. DNA Primers / genetics. DNA, Neoplasm / genetics. Ependymoma / genetics. Epigenesis, Genetic. Female. Gene Silencing. Humans. Infant. Male. Middle Aged. Oligodendroglioma / genetics. Polymerase Chain Reaction

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(PMID = 18273794.001).

[ISSN] 1676-5680

[Journal-full-title] Genetics and molecular research : GMR

[ISO-abbreviation] Genet. Mol. Res.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Brazil

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / DNA Primers; 0 / DNA, Neoplasm; 0 / Eye Proteins; 0 / Homeodomain Proteins; 0 / PAX6 protein; 0 / Paired Box Transcription Factors; 0 / Repressor Proteins

   

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[Title] Challenging diagnosis: oligodendroglioma versus extraventricular neurocytoma.

Diagnosis of oligodendroglioma from other clear cell neoplasms of central nervous system (CNS) is still challenging despite advances in neuroradiology and molecular diagnostic tools.

Herein, we present a 44-year-old male patient who had a diagnosis of right parietal oligodendroglioma grade II in 1994 which recurred in 2002.

He presented with intratumoral hemorrhage and he underwent radical resection of tumor in 2003.

Histopathological examination of the recurrent tumor showed anaplastic progression with confusing immunohistochemical (IHC) results; the tumor was positive for NeuN and synaptophysin staining.

The question arisen was whether the recurrent tumor was an oligodendroglioma with neuronal differentiation or an extraventricular neurocytoma initially misdiagnosed as oligodendroglioma.

Chromosomal analysis revealed 1p/19q deletion, which led to the diagnosis ofanaplastic oligodendroglioma grade III.

Accurate diagnosis of oligodendroglioma is crucial due to recent advances and promises in its treatment.

Current diagnostic methods of oligodendroglial tumors are discussed in context of differentiating oligodendrogliomas from other clear cell neoplasms of CNS, especially from extraventricular neurocytomas.

[MeSH-major] Brain Neoplasms / pathology. Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / pathology. Neurocytoma / pathology. Oligodendroglioma / pathology

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Chromosome Deletion. Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1 / genetics. Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19 / genetics. Diagnosis, Differential. Humans. Immunohistochemistry. In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence. Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Male. Nerve Tissue Proteins / biosynthesis. Synaptophysin / biosynthesis

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(PMID = 16167546.001).

[ISSN] 0722-5091

[Journal-full-title] Clinical neuropathology

[ISO-abbreviation] Clin. Neuropathol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Germany

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Nerve Tissue Proteins; 0 / Synaptophysin

   

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[Title] Caveolin-1 expression is variably displayed in astroglial-derived tumors and absent in oligodendrogliomas: concrete premises for a new reliable diagnostic marker in gliomas.

The distribution of caveolae within the normal brain and in brain tumors is controversial.

In the present study, we describe the expression of caveolin-1 (cav-1) in 64 brain tumors of different grade, of either astroglial or oligodendroglial origin.

All studied astrocitomas of any grade (from II to IV) were cav-1 positive, displaying staining patterns and intensity specifically associated to the different tumor grades.

In anaplastic astrocytomas, a less intense membrane staining or a cytoplasmic dotlike immunoreactivity were present, the latter being almost the exclusive pattern observed in diffuse astrocitomas grade II.

In contrast to astroglial tumors, the striking totality of grade II oligodendrogliomas and the large majority of grade III were lacking cav-1 expression.

In conclusion, among astroglial tumors cav-1 expression varies in distribution, pattern, and intensity specifically according to tumor types and grades.

The association between tumor progression and a more structured membranous pattern of cav-1 expression could suggest the hypothesis of a neoplastic shift towards a mesenchymal phenotype, whose behavioral and biologic significance worth further studies.

Finally, the lack of cav-1 immunoreactivity in oligodendrogliomas suggests its concrete application as a useful diagnostic marker.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytes / metabolism. Biomarkers, Tumor / metabolism. Brain Neoplasms / metabolism. Caveolin 1 / metabolism. Glioblastoma / metabolism. Oligodendroglioma / metabolism

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Cell Count. Cell Line, Tumor. Cell Separation. Chromosome Deletion. Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1 / genetics. Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19 / genetics. Disease Progression. Flow Cytometry. Humans. Immunohistochemistry. Middle Aged. Neoplasm Staging

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(PMID = 17460461.001).

[ISSN] 0147-5185

[Journal-full-title] The American journal of surgical pathology

[ISO-abbreviation] Am. J. Surg. Pathol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / Caveolin 1

   

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[Title] Toward improved grading of malignancy in oligodendrogliomas using metabolomics.

In spite of having been the object of considerable attention, the histopathological grading of oligodendrogliomas is still controversial.

Therefore the metabolome of 34 human brain biopsies, histopathologically classified as low-grade (LGO, N = 10) and high-grade (HGO, N = 24) oligodendrogliomas, was studied using high-resolution magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (HRMAS NMR) and multivariate statistical analysis.

The statistical model was then used to study biopsy samples that were classified as intermediate oligodendrogliomas (N = 6) and glioblastomas (GBMs) (N = 30) by histopathology.

The results revealed a gradient of tumoral hypoxia increasing in the following direction: LGOs, intermediate oligodendrogliomas, HGOs, and GBMs.

[MeSH-major] Brain Neoplasms / metabolism. Brain Neoplasms / pathology. Glioblastoma / metabolism. Glioblastoma / pathology. Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / methods. Neoplasm Staging / methods. Oligodendroglioma / metabolism. Oligodendroglioma / pathology

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Female. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Models, Statistical. Prospective Studies

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[Copyright] (c) 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

(PMID = 18429037.001).

[ISSN] 0740-3194

[Journal-full-title] Magnetic resonance in medicine

[ISO-abbreviation] Magn Reson Med

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

   

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[Title] Analysis of the IDH1 codon 132 mutation in brain tumors.

We analyzed the genomic region spanning wild type R132 of IDH1 by direct sequencing in 685 brain tumors including 41 pilocytic astrocytomas, 12 subependymal giant cell astrocytomas, 7 pleomorphic xanthoastrocytomas, 93 diffuse astrocytomas, 120 adult glioblastomas, 14 pediatric glioblastomas, 105 oligodendrogliomas, 83 oligoastrocytomas, 31 ependymomas, 58 medulloblastomas, 9 supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumors, 17 schwannomas, 72 meningiomas and 23 pituitary adenomas.

A total of 221 somatic IDH1 mutations were detected and the highest frequencies occurred in diffuse astrocytomas (68%), oligodendrogliomas (69%), oligoastrocytomas (78%) and secondary glioblastomas (88%).

The very high frequency of IDH1 mutations in WHO grade II astrocytic and oligodendroglial gliomas suggests a role in early tumor development.

[MeSH-major] Brain Neoplasms / genetics. Isocitrate Dehydrogenase / genetics. Mutation

[MeSH-minor] Astrocytoma / genetics. Astrocytoma / pathology. Base Sequence. DNA Mutational Analysis. Disease Progression. Gene Frequency. Glioblastoma / genetics. Glioblastoma / pathology. Glioma / etiology. Glioma / pathology. Humans. Oligodendroglioma / genetics. Oligodendroglioma / pathology. Polymerase Chain Reaction

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(PMID = 18985363.001).

[ISSN] 1432-0533

[Journal-full-title] Acta neuropathologica

[ISO-abbreviation] Acta Neuropathol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Germany

[Chemical-registry-number] EC 1.1.1.41 / Isocitrate Dehydrogenase

   

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[Title] Carbonic anhydrase IX in oligodendroglial brain tumors.

METHODS: This study was set out to investigate the role of CA IX in a series of 86 oligodendroglial brain tumors (71 primary and 15 recurrent; 48 pure oligodendrogliomas and 40 mixed oligoastrocytomas).

In Cox multivariate analysis CA IX expression, patient age and histological component (pure oligodendroglioma vs. mixed oligoastrocytoma) showed independent prognostic values (p = 0.009, p = 0.003 and p = 0.022, respectively), CA IX positivity predicting poorer outcome.

CONCLUSION: CA IX was proved to be an independent prognostic indicator in oligodendroglial brain tumors, and it also correlates reversely with cell proliferation.

It may have a role in the biology of oligodendrogliomas, and most interestingly, as it is mainly expressed in tumor tissue, CA IX could serve as a target molecule for anticancer treatments.

[MeSH-major] Antigens, Neoplasm / metabolism. Brain Neoplasms / enzymology. Carbonic Anhydrases / metabolism. Oligodendroglioma / enzymology

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Cell Proliferation. Follow-Up Studies. Humans. Survival Rate

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(PMID = 18173856.001).

[ISSN] 1471-2407

[Journal-full-title] BMC cancer

[ISO-abbreviation] BMC Cancer

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antigens, Neoplasm; EC 4.2.1.1 / CA9 protein, human; EC 4.2.1.1 / Carbonic Anhydrases

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2245965

   

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[Title] Correlation among pathology, genetic and epigenetic profiles, and clinical outcome in oligodendroglial tumors.

Recent studies have revealed a correlation between specific genetic changes, such as loss of chromosome 1p and 19q, and sensitivity of oligodendroglial neoplasm to radiotherapy and chemotherapy; epigenetic changes also play an important role in some tumors.

In this retrospective study, we analyzed chromosomal alterations in 17 loci and promoter methylation status of 8 tumor-related genes in 49 oligodendroglial tumors (29 WHO grade II and 11 WHO grade III oligodendrogliomas; 7 WHO grade II and 2 WHO grade III oligoastrocytomas) using quantitative microsatellite analysis and methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction and correlated this information with clinical data.

Our findings suggest that the frequent deletion and hypermethylation of tumor-related genes may represent a mechanism of tumor development and progression and emphasize the importance of defining new molecular markers for predicting prognosis, tumor recurrence and therapeutic response in cancer management.

[MeSH-major] Brain Neoplasms / genetics. Chromosome Aberrations. Chromosomes, Human / genetics. Epigenesis, Genetic. Neoplasm Proteins / genetics. Oligodendroglioma / genetics. Oligodendroglioma / pathology

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Cell Proliferation. Child. Child, Preschool. DNA Methylation. DNA Modification Methylases / genetics. DNA Modification Methylases / metabolism. DNA Repair Enzymes / genetics. DNA Repair Enzymes / metabolism. DNA, Neoplasm / genetics. Female. Humans. Immunoenzyme Techniques. Ki-67 Antigen / metabolism. Male. Microsatellite Repeats. Middle Aged. Neoplasm Staging. Polymerase Chain Reaction. Promoter Regions, Genetic / genetics. Retrospective Studies. Survival Rate. Tumor Suppressor Proteins / genetics. Tumor Suppressor Proteins / metabolism. Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases / genetics. Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases / metabolism. Young Adult

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[Copyright] Copyright 2008 UICC.

[ErratumIn] Int J Cancer. 2009 Sep 1;125(5):1241

(PMID = 19330828.001).

[ISSN] 1097-0215

[Journal-full-title] International journal of cancer

[ISO-abbreviation] Int. J. Cancer

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / DNA, Neoplasm; 0 / Ki-67 Antigen; 0 / Neoplasm Proteins; 0 / Tumor Suppressor Proteins; EC 2.1.1.- / DNA Modification Methylases; EC 2.1.1.63 / MGMT protein, human; EC 6.3.2.19 / MIB1 ligase, human; EC 6.3.2.19 / Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases; EC 6.5.1.- / DNA Repair Enzymes

   

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[Title] Comparison of magnetic resonance spectroscopy and perfusion-weighted imaging in presurgical grading of oligodendroglial tumors.

OBJECTIVE: Oligodendroglial tumors form an uncommon, but distinct, subgroup of gliomas with longer survival, better treatment response, and characteristic genetic alterations.

Noninvasive grading of oligodendroglial tumors using functional and metabolic magnetic resonance imaging may be helpful in guiding the treatment approach and predicting malignant transformation of these tumors.

We used perfusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) to predict the oligodendroglioma grade.

METHODS: Twenty-four patients with pathologically confirmed oligodendrogliomas underwent dynamic contrast-enhanced perfusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and/or proton MRSI before surgery.

We assessed the ability of tumor contrast enhancement, normalized cerebral blood volume, normalized choline, and the presence of either lactate or lipid metabolites to correctly predict the World Health Organization tumor grade.

The accuracy of tumor grading using each method was also compared.

RESULTS: Tumor contrast enhancement (P = 0.069) and normalized cerebral blood volume (P = 0.181) were not significantly different between low and high-grade oligodendrogliomas.

The MRSI measurement of normalized choline was significantly higher in high-grade (2.82 +/- 0.64) than in low-grade (1.62 +/- 0.46) oligodendrogliomas (P < 0.001), and the presence of lactate or lipid metabolites also correctly predicted high-grade tumors (P = 0.014).

The maximum accuracy of contrast enhancement, normalized cerebral blood volume, normalized choline, and lactate or lipid metabolites in grading oligodendroglioma was 71, 83, 90, and 85%, respectively.

CONCLUSION: MRSI measurements are more accurate than perfusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging or conventional contrast enhancement in differentiating oligodendroglial tumor grade.

[MeSH-major] Brain Neoplasms / diagnosis. Brain Neoplasms / surgery. Magnetic Resonance Imaging / methods. Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / methods. Oligodendroglioma / diagnosis. Oligodendroglioma / surgery

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Aged. Female. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Observer Variation. Preoperative Care. Reproducibility of Results. Retrospective Studies

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(PMID = 15854239.001).

[ISSN] 1524-4040

[Journal-full-title] Neurosurgery

[ISO-abbreviation] Neurosurgery

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

   

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[Title] Olig2 and CD99 are useful negative markers for the diagnosis of brain tumors.

In the neoplastic condition, Olig2 is widely expressed in astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas, but its expression in ependymomas remains poorly documented.

A total of 59 brain tumors including 16 ependymomas, 32 astrocytomas, and 11 oligodendrogliomas were immunohistochemically studied for the expression of Olig2 as well as other markers including epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) and CD99.

In general, the Olig2-positive nuclei were only sparsely distributed in ependymomas; in contrast, they were very numerous in astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas.

A quantitative study showed that the Olig2-positive nuclei were much fewer in ependymomas than in astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas.

In our preliminary experiment, we noted the absence of CD99-immunoreactivity in a fraction of brain tumors with clear cell morphology, including oligodendroglioma, clear cell ependymoma, and pilocytic astrocytoma (the oligodendroglioma-like component).

Thus, we investigated the expression of CD99 in an additional series of brain tumors with clear cell morphology, including oligoastrocytoma (7 cases), central neurocytoma (6), and dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor (9).

We found that the absence of CD99-immunoreactivity was dependent on clear cell morphology rather than on tumor entities.

The CD99-immunohistochemistry is unique in that it is helpful for the diagnosis of clear cell brain tumors through the visualization of CD99-negative clear cells.

[MeSH-major] Antigens, CD / genetics. Antigens, CD / metabolism. Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors / genetics. Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors / metabolism. Biomarkers, Tumor / analysis. Brain Neoplasms / diagnosis. Brain Neoplasms / metabolism. Cell Adhesion Molecules / genetics. Cell Adhesion Molecules / metabolism. Nerve Tissue Proteins / genetics. Nerve Tissue Proteins / metabolism

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Aged. Brain / pathology. Cell Nucleus / chemistry. Child. Child, Preschool. Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted. Female. Humans. Immunohistochemistry. Infant. Male. Middle Aged. Mucin-1 / analysis. Phenotype

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(PMID = 18552083.001).

[ISSN] 0722-5091

[Journal-full-title] Clinical neuropathology

[ISO-abbreviation] Clin. Neuropathol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] Germany

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antigens, CD; 0 / Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors; 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / CD99 protein, human; 0 / Cell Adhesion Molecules; 0 / Mucin-1; 0 / Nerve Tissue Proteins; 0 / OLIG2 protein, human

   

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[Title] Perfusion magnetic resonance imaging predicts patient outcome as an adjunct to histopathology: a second reference standard in the surgical and nonsurgical treatment of low-grade gliomas.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) can predict patient outcome, specifically tumor progression, in low-grade gliomas (LGGs) and thus provide a second reference standard in the surgical and postsurgical management of LGGs.

METHODS: Thirty-five patients with histologically diagnosed LGGs (21 low-grade astrocytomas and 14 low-grade oligodendrogliomas and low-grade mixed oligoastrocytomas) were studied with dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced perfusion magnetic resonance imaging.

Tumor volumes and CBV measurements were obtained at the initial examination and again at follow-up to determine the association of rCBV with tumor volume progression.

Lesions with low baseline rCBV (< 1.75) demonstrated stable tumor volumes when followed up over time, and lesions with high baseline rCBV (> 1.75) demonstrated progressively increasing tumor volumes over time.

CONCLUSION: Dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced perfusion magnetic resonance imaging may be used to identify LGGs that are either high-grade gliomas, misdiagnosed because of sampling error at pathological examination or that have undergone angiogenesis in the progression toward malignant transformation.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / therapy. Brain Neoplasms / therapy. Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Oligodendroglioma / therapy

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Blood Volume. Cerebrovascular Circulation. Child. Child, Preschool. Disease Progression. Female. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Predictive Value of Tests. Reference Standards. Survival Analysis. Treatment Outcome

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[CommentIn] Radiology. 2008 Mar;246(3):989 [18309030.001]

(PMID = 16723889.001).

[ISSN] 1524-4040

[Journal-full-title] Neurosurgery

[ISO-abbreviation] Neurosurgery

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Duplicate Publication; Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

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[Title] [Functional MR imaging and oligodendrogliomas].

The localization of functional areas obtained from functional MRI (fMRI) is useful for patients suffering from tumors contiguous to eloquent brain areas. fRMI is an efficient tool in the strategy of treatment of low grade oligodendroglioamas in the rolandic area in intact or slightly impaired patients.

Direct integration of fMRI data into neuronavigation enables to better visualize and preserve eloquent brain areas.

[MeSH-major] Brain Neoplasms / physiopathology. Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Motor Cortex / physiopathology. Oligodendroglioma / physiopathology

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Feasibility Studies. Female. Humans. Intraoperative Care. Neurosurgical Procedures. Preoperative Care. Temporal Lobe / physiopathology. Temporal Lobe / radionuclide imaging. Temporal Lobe / surgery. Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon

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(PMID = 16292176.001).

[ISSN] 0028-3770

[Journal-full-title] Neuro-Chirurgie

[ISO-abbreviation] Neurochirurgie

[Language] fre

[Publication-type] Case Reports; English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] France

   

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[Title] Treatment of newly diagnosed symptomatic pure low-grade oligodendrogliomas with PCV chemotherapy.

Based on studies relating to anaplastic oligodendroglioma (OG) chemosensitivity and benefit of time to progression or overall survival, chemotherapy for pure OG has been proposed.

Several studies have reported the efficacy of various chemotherapeutic agents in a small number of patients with low-grade gliomas, e.g. pure astrocytomas, OG or mixed histologies.

We report the outcome of 33 consecutive patients with pure low-grade OG diagnosed between 1990 and 2006 systematically treated for residual or non-removable tumor with PCV chemotherapy regimen as the front-line treatment after surgery.

All the tumors were low grade (grade II) pure OG according to the WHO classification.

Response was evaluated by clinical assessment and brain magnetic resonance imaging.

Up-front chemotherapy with PCV regimen is a good treatment for symptomatic pure low-grade OG, as it increases the number of progression-free patients and time to progression.

[MeSH-major] Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use. Brain Neoplasms / drug therapy. Oligodendroglioma / drug therapy

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Disease Progression. Disease-Free Survival. Female. Humans. Lomustine / therapeutic use. Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Male. Middle Aged. Procarbazine / therapeutic use. Treatment Outcome. Vincristine / therapeutic use

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(PMID = 17388986.001).

[ISSN] 1468-1331

[Journal-full-title] European journal of neurology

[ISO-abbreviation] Eur. J. Neurol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Clinical Trial; Journal Article

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 35S93Y190K / Procarbazine; 5J49Q6B70F / Vincristine; 7BRF0Z81KG / Lomustine; PCV protocol

   

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[Title] The role of radiotherapy in the treatment of newly diagnosed supratentorial low-grade oligodendrogliomas: comparative analysis with immediate radiotherapy versus surgery alone.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of immediate postoperative radiotherapy (RT) in adult patients with a low-grade oligodendroglioma (LODG).

All patients were closely observed until tumor progression or death with frequent work-ups including neurological examinations and MRI.

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[Cites] Lancet. 2005 Sep 17-23;366(9490):985-90 [16168780.001]

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(PMID = 19809562.001).

[ISSN] 1598-2998

[Journal-full-title] Cancer research and treatment : official journal of Korean Cancer Association

[ISO-abbreviation] Cancer Res Treat

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] Korea (South)

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2757663

[Keywords] NOTNLM ; Brain neoplasms / Oligodendroglioma / Radiotherapy

   

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[Title] Glioblastomas: correlation between oligodendroglial components, genetic abnormalities, and prognosis.

It has been demonstrated that a small percentage (approximately 15%) of glioblastomas (GBM) presents an oligodendroglial component with a variable frequency of chromosome 1p and 19q deletions, the genetic alteration related to chemotherapy response and longer survival in oligodendrogliomas.

A series of 88 GBMs was investigated regarding 1p and/or 19q losses, 24 with oligodendroglioma-like areas, using quantitative microsatellite analysis and/or fluorescent in situ hybridization.

When present, the oligodendroglial and astrocytic components were independently investigated.

Tumors with oligodendroglial components showed three cases each of 1p or 19q loss and one with combined 1p/19q loss.

No difference in 1p or 19q status was observed between the oligodendroglial and astrocytic components.

Deletions at 1p and/or 19q were infrequent in GBMs with oligodendroglial components.

[MeSH-major] Brain Neoplasms / genetics. Brain Neoplasms / pathology. Gene Deletion. Glioblastoma / genetics. Glioblastoma / pathology. Oligodendroglia / pathology

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Astrocytes / pathology. Child. Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1 / genetics. Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19 / genetics. Female. Genotype. Humans. Kaplan-Meier Estimate. Male. Microsatellite Repeats / genetics. Middle Aged. Phenotype. Prognosis. Retrospective Studies

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(PMID = 18351387.001).

[ISSN] 0945-6317

[Journal-full-title] Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology

[ISO-abbreviation] Virchows Arch.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Germany

   

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[Title] Intravascular thrombosis in central nervous system malignancies: a potential role in astrocytoma progression to glioblastoma.

Intravascular thrombosis is a frequent finding in glioblastoma [GBM; World Health Organization (WHO) grade IV] specimens and could potentially be involved in astrocytoma progression to GBM or represent a surrogate marker of GBM histology.

We investigated whether intravascular thrombosis was more frequent or prominent in GBM than other central nervous system (CNS) malignancies and considered its prognostic significance in anaplastic astrocytoma (AA; WHO grade III), which lacks necrosis.

Histologic sections were examined for thrombosis, necrosis and microvascular hyperplasia from each of 297 CNS tumors, including 103 GBMs, 46 AAs, 20 diffuse astrocytoma (DAs; WHO grade II), eight anaplastic oligodendrogliomas (AOs; WHO grade III), 20 oligodendrogliomas (ODs; WHO grade II), 49 metastatic carcinomas (METs), 31 primary central nervous system lymphomas (PCNSLs) and 20 medulloblastomas (MBs).

Among newly diagnosed tumors, thrombosis was present in 92% of GBM resections, significantly greater than other types of CNS malignancies.

Thus, intravascular thrombosis is more frequent in GBM than other CNS malignancies.

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(PMID = 18093251.001).

[ISSN] 1015-6305

[Journal-full-title] Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland)

[ISO-abbreviation] Brain Pathol.

[Language] ENG

[Grant] United States / NINDS NIH HHS / NS / NS053727-01; United States / NINDS NIH HHS / NS / R01 NS053727; United States / NINDS NIH HHS / NS / NS053727; United States / NINDS NIH HHS / NS / R01 NS053727-01

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

[Publication-country] Switzerland

[Other-IDs] NLM/ NIHMS82090; NLM/ PMC2610479

   

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Gliomas are the most frequent primary brain tumors and comprise a group of morphologically, biologically and clinically heterogeneous neoplasms.

The different glioma types are associated with distinct genetic aberrations, which may provide useful information for tumor classification as well as prediction of prognosis and response to therapy.

To facilitate the molecular classification of gliomas, we established a genomic microarray that consists of bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) and P1-derived artificial chromosome (PAC) clones representing tumor suppressor genes, proto-oncogenes and chromosomal regions frequently gained or lost in gliomas.

Furthermore, molecular classification based on matrix CGH data closely paralleled histological classification and was able to distinguish with few exceptions between diffuse astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas, anaplastic astrocytomas and anaplastic oligodendrogliomas, anaplastic oligodendrogliomas and glioblastomas, as well as primary and secondary glioblastomas.

[MeSH-major] Brain Neoplasms / classification. DNA, Neoplasm / analysis. Glioma / classification. Nucleic Acid Hybridization

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Chromosome Aberrations. Chromosome Mapping. Chromosomes, Artificial, Bacterial. Chromosomes, Human. Female. Gene Amplification. Genome, Human. Genomic Library. Humans. Male. Microarray Analysis. Middle Aged. Polymerase Chain Reaction

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[Copyright] Copyright (c) 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

(PMID = 15880582.001).

[ISSN] 0020-7136

[Journal-full-title] International journal of cancer

[ISO-abbreviation] Int. J. Cancer

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / DNA, Neoplasm

   

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[Title] Polysomy for chromosomes 1 and 19 predicts earlier recurrence in anaplastic oligodendrogliomas with concurrent 1p/19q loss.

PURPOSE: Loss of chromosome arms 1p and 19q is a molecular feature of oligodendroglial tumors characterized by responsiveness to chemotherapy and a favorable prognosis.

EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We analyzed 64 anaplastic oligodendrogliomas with 1p/19q loss or maintenance diagnosed at Massachusetts General Hospital and Brigham and Women's Hospital from 1996 to 2005; fluorescence in situ hybridization for 1p/19q and Ki-67 immunohistochemistry was done.

In agreement with previous studies, the group of anaplastic oligodendrogliomas with 1p/19q loss had significantly better progression-free survival and overall survival than anaplastic oligodendrogliomas with 1p/19q maintenance (P = 0.0009 and P < 0.0003, respectively).

Among anaplastic oligodendrogliomas with 1p/19q loss, those with polysomy showed shorter progression-free survival than those with 1p/19q loss without polysomy (P = 0.0048).

CONCLUSION: The presence of polysomy in anaplastic oligodendrogliomas with deletion of 1p/19q is a marker of earlier recurrence.

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(PMID = 19808867.001).

[ISSN] 1078-0432

[Journal-full-title] Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research

[ISO-abbreviation] Clin. Cancer Res.

[Language] ENG

[Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA057683-16; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA057683; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA057683-16

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Other-IDs] NLM/ NIHMS160000; NLM/ PMC2818514

   

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PURPOSE: Many characteristics of malignant brain tumors (increased vascular permeability, vasodilatation, neovascularisation and free radical injury to the tumor and adjacent normal tissues) are believed to be mediated by nitric oxide (NO) synthetized by endothelial NO synthase (eNOS).

Overexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is associated with several central nervous system (CNS) diseases and tumors.

Our aim was to study immunohistochemically the coexpression of eNOS and VEGF in astrocytic tumors and to analyse their possible correlation with tumor grade, angiogenesis and proliferation index.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sections from 120 randomly selected patients with supratentorial astrocytic tumors [38 glioblastomas (GB), 22 anaplastic astrocytomas (AA) and 20 low-grade astrocytomas (LA)], also including oligodendrogliomas (n=20) and mixed oligoastrocytomas (n=20), were immunostained with monoclonal antibodies for eNOS and VEGF using the avidin-biotin method.

The proliferative potential was assessed as the MIB-1 staining index for tumor cells.

RESULTS: There was positive correlation between eNOS and VEGF expressions and histological grade (p<0.05) in terms of intensity and extent of immunoreactivity distribution.

Oligodendrogliomas showed significantly less VEGF and eNOS immunoreactivity compared to pure astrocytomas (p<0.05).

CONCLUSION: Overexpressions of eNOS and VEGF in astrocytic tumors were significantly correlated with histological grade, proliferative potential and malignant transformation.

The expression of VEGF in a necrotic and ischemic tumor such as GB is more intense and diffuse than low-grade astrocytomas.

These findings suggest that eNOS overexpression in tumor vasculature would be precipitated by transformation into an angiogenic phenotype in the process of neovascularisation in astrocytic tumors.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / metabolism. Brain Neoplasms / metabolism. Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / biosynthesis. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / biosynthesis

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Humans. Immunohistochemistry. Middle Aged. Neovascularization, Pathologic / metabolism. Neovascularization, Pathologic / pathology

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(PMID = 17318973.001).

[ISSN] 1107-0625

[Journal-full-title] Journal of B.U.ON. : official journal of the Balkan Union of Oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] J BUON

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] Greece

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; EC 1.14.13.39 / Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III

   

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[Title] Role of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in differentiating oligodendrogliomas from astrocytomas.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Preoperative differentiation of astrocytomas from oligodendrogliomas is clinically important, as oligodendrogliomas are more sensitive to chemotherapy.

The purpose of this study was to assess the role of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in distinguishing astrocytomas from oligodendrogliomas.

METHODS: Forty-six patients [astrocytomas (n= 17) and oligodendrogliomas (n= 29)] underwent magnetic resonance imaging and multi voxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging before treatment.

The average metabolite/Cr ratios from these voxels were then compared between astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas.

RESULTS: A significant difference in mI/Cr was observed between astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas (.50 +/- .18 vs. 0.66 +/- 0.20, P < .05).

Using a threshold value of .56 for mI/Cr ratio, it was possible to differentiate oligodendrogliomas from astrocytomas with a sensitivity of 72.4% and specificity of 76.4%.

CONCLUSION: These results suggest that mI/Cr might aid in distinguishing oligodendrogliomas from astrocytomas.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / diagnosis. Brain Neoplasms / diagnosis. Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / methods. Oligodendroglioma / diagnosis. Protons

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Brain / metabolism. Brain / pathology. Diagnosis, Differential. Female. Humans. Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Male. Middle Aged. ROC Curve. Sensitivity and Specificity. Young Adult

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(PMID = 19021846.001).

[ISSN] 1552-6569

[Journal-full-title] Journal of neuroimaging : official journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging

[ISO-abbreviation] J Neuroimaging

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Protons

   

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[Title] Neuronal features of oligodendrogliomas--an ultrastructural and immunohistochemical study.

AIMS: To assess neuronal differentiation in oligodendrogliomas (ODGs).

[MeSH-major] Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / pathology. Central Nervous System Neoplasms / pathology. Neurons / pathology. Oligodendroglioma / pathology

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Biomarkers, Tumor / analysis. Biomarkers, Tumor / genetics. DNA, Neoplasm / analysis. Female. Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Direct. Humans. Immunoenzyme Techniques. In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence. Male. Microscopy, Electron, Transmission. Middle Aged

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(PMID = 17543079.001).

[ISSN] 0309-0167

[Journal-full-title] Histopathology

[ISO-abbreviation] Histopathology

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / DNA, Neoplasm

   

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PURPOSE: 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and 11C-methionine (MET) PET imaging studies allow the investigation of metabolism and amino acid transport in brain tumours.

Their (relative) usefulness and prognostic value in suspected recurrence or progression of primary brain tumours after previous therapy is an issue of debate.

METHODS: Cerebral uptake of FDG and MET was determined sequentially on the same day in 30 patients (21 males, nine females; age 40.4+/-15.6 years), on average 4.0 years (range 0.1-18) after therapy for a primary brain tumour (23 grade II-IV astrocytomas, four oligodendrogliomas and three mixed oligo-astrocytomas).

CONCLUSION: FDG and MET PET studies provide complementary prognostic information in patients with suspected brain tumour recurrence or progression after primary therapy.

[MeSH-major] Brain Neoplasms / diagnostic imaging. Brain Neoplasms / mortality. Fluorodeoxyglucose F18. Glioma / diagnostic imaging. Glioma / mortality. Methionine. Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / diagnostic imaging. Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / mortality

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Aged. Belgium / epidemiology. Child. Female. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Observer Variation. Positron-Emission Tomography / methods. Positron-Emission Tomography / statistics & numerical data. Prevalence. Prognosis. Radiopharmaceuticals. Reproducibility of Results. Retrospective Studies. Risk Assessment / methods. Risk Factors. Sensitivity and Specificity. Survival Analysis

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(PMID = 15309329.001).

[ISSN] 1619-7070

[Journal-full-title] European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging

[ISO-abbreviation] Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Evaluation Studies; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Validation Studies

[Publication-country] Germany

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Radiopharmaceuticals; 0Z5B2CJX4D / Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; 58576-49-1 / carbon-11 methionine; AE28F7PNPL / Methionine

   

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In order to define specific markers for histogenesis of three well-characterized subgroups of human gliomas (pilocytic astrocytomas, glioblastoma multiforme and oligodendrogliomas), we studied the expression of relevant markers that characterize gliomagenesis, by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization.

Finally, in oligodendrogliomas, intermediate filament proteins are generally not observed whereas Olig2 was found in almost all tumour cells nuclei while only a subpopulation of tumour cells expressed Nkx2.2 and Sox10.

[MeSH-major] Brain Neoplasms / genetics. Glioma / genetics. Intermediate Filaments / genetics. Transcription Factors / genetics

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors / genetics. Biomarkers, Tumor. Child. Child, Preschool. DNA-Binding Proteins / genetics. Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / biosynthesis. Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / genetics. High Mobility Group Proteins / genetics. Homeodomain Proteins / genetics. Humans. Immunohistochemistry. In Situ Hybridization. Intermediate Filament Proteins / biosynthesis. Intermediate Filament Proteins / genetics. Middle Aged. Nerve Tissue Proteins / biosynthesis. Nerve Tissue Proteins / genetics. Nestin. SOXE Transcription Factors. Vimentin / biosynthesis. Vimentin / genetics

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(PMID = 17442061.001).

[ISSN] 0305-1846

[Journal-full-title] Neuropathology and applied neurobiology

[ISO-abbreviation] Neuropathol. Appl. Neurobiol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors; 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / DNA-Binding Proteins; 0 / Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; 0 / High Mobility Group Proteins; 0 / Homeodomain Proteins; 0 / Intermediate Filament Proteins; 0 / NES protein, human; 0 / Nerve Tissue Proteins; 0 / Nestin; 0 / Nkx-2.2 homedomain protein; 0 / OLIG2 protein, human; 0 / SOX10 protein, human; 0 / SOXE Transcription Factors; 0 / Transcription Factors; 0 / Vimentin

   

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[Title] [Expression of epidermal growth factor receptor and PTEN in malignancy brain tumors].

OBJECTIVE: To detect and analysis epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) in different malignancy brain tumors, and to evaluate their prognostic significance.

METHODS: Using immunohistochemistry to detect the expression of EGFR and PTEN and adopting confocal technology to verify their location in the specimens of 25 respectively glioblastoma multiformes, medulloblastomas, anaplastic oligodendrogliomas, and anaplastic ependymomas.

However amplification of EGFR and deletion of PTEN were relatively low in other malignancy brain tumors.

They were 36% and 8% in medulloblastomas, and 28% and 8% in anaplastic oligodendrogliomas, and 24% and 4% in anaplastic ependymomas.

PTEN mutation and EGFR overexpression are rare in medulloblastoma, anaplastic oligodendroglioma, and anaplastic ependymoma, so the EGFR or PTEN targeted antitumor approaches may be useful in glioblastoma multiformes but the other 3 tumors.

[MeSH-major] Brain Neoplasms / genetics. Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic. PTEN Phosphohydrolase / metabolism. Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor / genetics

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Aged. Child. Female. Follow-Up Studies. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Prognosis. Young Adult

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(PMID = 17236582.001).

[ISSN] 1672-173X

[Journal-full-title] Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition

[ISO-abbreviation] Sichuan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban

[Language] chi

[Publication-type] English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] China

[Chemical-registry-number] EC 2.7.10.1 / Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor; EC 3.1.3.67 / PTEN Phosphohydrolase

   

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[Title] Correlation of chromosomes 1p and 19q status and expressions of O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT), p53 and Ki-67 in diffuse gliomas of World Health Organization (WHO) grades II and III: a clinicopathological study.

AIMS: The objective of the present study was to verify the correlation of chromosomes 1p and 19q status and expressions of O(6)-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT), p53 and Ki-67 in diffuse gliomas of World Health Organization grades II and III.

METHODS: A series of 146 diffuse gliomas, including 45 oligodendrogliomas, 42 oligoastrocytomas and 59 astrocytomas, were analysed by denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography for 1p and 19q status and by immunohistochemistry for MGMT, p53 and Ki-67 expression patterns.

RESULTS: Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on 1p, combined LOH on 1p and 19q, low MGMT expression and high Ki-67 expression were associated with oligodendroglial tumours, whereas high p53 expression was associated with astrocytic and mixed tumours.

LOH on 1p and low MGMT expression were associated with grade II oligodendroglial tumours, whereas high expressions of p53 and Ki-67 were associated with grade III oligodendroglial tumours.

In addition, high Ki-67 expression was associated with grade III astrocytomas.

LOH on 1p and LOH on 19q were associated with nontemporal oligodendroglial tumours.

CONCLUSIONS: The present study revealed significant interrelationships of the investigated molecular alterations and clinicopathological characteristics in diffuse gliomas of World Health Organization grades II and III, which support a promising role of molecular markers in the diagnostic assessment of these neoplasms.

[MeSH-major] Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1. Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19. DNA Modification Methylases / metabolism. DNA Repair Enzymes / metabolism. Glioma / genetics. Ki-67 Antigen / metabolism. Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / metabolism. Tumor Suppressor Proteins / metabolism

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Aged. Astrocytoma / genetics. Astrocytoma / metabolism. Brain Neoplasms / genetics. Brain Neoplasms / metabolism. Child. Female. Gene Expression. Humans. Loss of Heterozygosity. Male. Middle Aged. Neoplasm Staging. Oligodendroglioma / genetics. Oligodendroglioma / metabolism

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(PMID = 19019173.001).

[ISSN] 1365-2990

[Journal-full-title] Neuropathology and applied neurobiology

[ISO-abbreviation] Neuropathol. Appl. Neurobiol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Ki-67 Antigen; 0 / Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; 0 / Tumor Suppressor Proteins; EC 2.1.1.- / DNA Modification Methylases; EC 2.1.1.63 / MGMT protein, human; EC 6.5.1.- / DNA Repair Enzymes

   

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[Title] Progressive low-grade oligodendrogliomas: response to temozolomide and correlation between genetic profile and O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase protein expression.

BACKGROUND: Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on chromosomes 1p and 19q has been associated with chemosensitivity and improved prognosis in patients with oligodendrogliomas.

Recent studies demonstrated that temozolomide (TMZ), an oral alkylating agent, has efficacy in the treatment of patients with progressive, low-grade oligodendroglioma (LGO).

METHODS: Adult patients with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and/or clinical deterioration compatible with progressive LGO were eligible for the study if they were radiotherapy-naive.

Clinical and MRI data were used to evaluate outcomes, and Kaplan-Meier estimates were used to assess the median time to tumor progression (TTP).

The 1p/19q status was analyzed from paired tumor-blood DNA samples using polymerase chain reaction-based microsatellite analysis.

MGMT protein expression was estimated semiquantitatively by immunohistochemistry using paraffin embedded tumor sections.

RESULTS: There were 28 patients who received treatment, and the median time from diagnosis to tumor progression was 33.5 months.

The authors suggest the possible use of MGMT immunostaining as a surrogate marker for predicting tumor chemosensitivity.

[MeSH-major] Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating / therapeutic use. Brain Neoplasms / drug therapy. Dacarbazine / analogs & derivatives. Loss of Heterozygosity. O(6)-Methylguanine-DNA Methyltransferase / analysis. Oligodendroglioma / drug therapy

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Aged. Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1 / genetics. Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19 / genetics. DNA Repair. Disease Progression. Female. Humans. Immunohistochemistry. Male. Middle Aged

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[Copyright] 2006 American Cancer Society

(PMID = 16541434.001).

[ISSN] 0008-543X

[Journal-full-title] Cancer

[ISO-abbreviation] Cancer

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; 7GR28W0FJI / Dacarbazine; 85622-93-1 / temozolomide; EC 2.1.1.63 / O(6)-Methylguanine-DNA Methyltransferase

   

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[Title] In vivo uptake and metabolism of alpha-[11C]methyl-L-tryptophan in human brain tumors.

Abnormal metabolism of tryptophan has been implicated in modulation of tumor cell proliferation and immunoresistance. alpha-[(11)C]Methyl-L-tryptophan (AMT) is a PET tracer to measure cerebral tryptophan metabolism in vivo.

In the present study, we have measured tumor tryptophan uptake in 40 patients with primary brain tumors using AMT PET and standard uptake values (SUV).

All grade II to IV gliomas and glioneuronal tumors showed increased AMT SUV, including all recurrent/residual tumors.

Gadolinium enhancement on MRI was associated with high VD' values, suggesting impaired blood-brain barrier, while k(3)' values were not related to contrast enhancement.

Low-grade astrocytic gliomas showed increased tryptophan metabolism, as measured by k(3)'.

In contrast, oligodendrogliomas showed high VD' values but lower k(3)' as compared with normal cortex.

In astrocytic tumors, low grade was associated with high k(3)' and lower VD', while high-grade tumors showed the reverse pattern.

Increased AMT uptake can be due to increased metabolism of tryptophan and/or high volume of distribution, depending on tumor type and grade.

High tryptophan metabolic rates in low-grade tumors may indicate activation of the kynurenine pathway, a mechanism regulating tumor cell growth.

AMT PET might be a useful molecular imaging method to guide therapeutic approaches aimed at controlling tumor cell proliferation by acting on tryptophan metabolism.

[MeSH-major] Brain Neoplasms / metabolism. Cerebral Cortex / metabolism. Tryptophan / analogs & derivatives

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Aged. Carbon Radioisotopes. Child. Child, Preschool. Electroencephalography / methods. Electroencephalography / standards. Female. Gadolinium. Glucose / metabolism. Humans. Infant. Magnetic Resonance Imaging / methods. Magnetic Resonance Imaging / standards. Male. Middle Aged. Neoplasm Staging. Positron-Emission Tomography / methods. Positron-Emission Tomography / standards. Seizures / metabolism. Sensitivity and Specificity

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(PMID = 16079785.001).

[ISSN] 0271-678X

[Journal-full-title] Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Carbon Radioisotopes; 13510-08-2 / alpha-methyltryptophan; 8DUH1N11BX / Tryptophan; AU0V1LM3JT / Gadolinium; IY9XDZ35W2 / Glucose

   

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[Title] MRS of oligodendroglial tumors: correlation with histopathology and genetic subtypes.

BACKGROUND: Oligodendroglial neoplasms with combined loss of chromosomes 1p and 19q may have a good prognosis and respond to procarbazine-lomustine (CCNU)-vincristine (PCV) chemotherapy.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether single voxel magnetic resonance spectroscopy (SV-MRS) obtained through routine clinical practice distinguishes between histopathologic and genetic subtypes of oligodendroglial tumors.

METHODS: Forty-eight patients with oligodendroglial tumors (19 oligodendrogliomas and 29 oligoastrocytomas) underwent molecular genetic analysis to determine allelic imbalance in chromosomes 1p36 and 19q13.

SV-MRS was obtained pretherapy to determine tumor metabolite ratios.

RESULTS: Grade III oligodendroglial tumors had higher choline (Mann-Whitney; p = 0.002), methyl lipid (Mann-Whitney; p = 0.002), and combined methylene lipid and lactate ratios (Mann-Whitney; p < 0.001) than grade II tumors.

Lactate did not distinguish between tumor types (Fisher exact test; p = 0.342) or grade (Fisher exact test; p = 0.452).

CONCLUSION: As a noninvasive diagnostic tool used in routine clinical practice, SV-MRS has the potential benefit of determining oligodendroglial tumor grade but not subtypes classified by histopathology or molecular genetics.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / diagnosis. Brain Neoplasms / diagnosis. Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1 / genetics. Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19 / genetics. Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / standards. Oligodendroglioma / diagnosis

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Allelic Imbalance / genetics. Choline / metabolism. DNA Mutational Analysis. Diagnosis, Differential. Female. Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / genetics. Genetic Testing. Genotype. Humans. Lactic Acid / metabolism. Lipids / analysis. Male. Middle Aged. Predictive Value of Tests

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(PMID = 15985578.001).

[ISSN] 1526-632X

[Journal-full-title] Neurology

[ISO-abbreviation] Neurology

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Lipids; 33X04XA5AT / Lactic Acid; N91BDP6H0X / Choline

   

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[Title] The proneural molecular signature is enriched in oligodendrogliomas and predicts improved survival among diffuse gliomas.

Despite the richness of TCGA GBM data, the absence of lower grade gliomas in this data set prevents analysis genes related to progression and the uncovering of predictive signatures.

A complementary dataset exists in the form of the NCI Repository for Molecular Brain Neoplasia Data (Rembrandt), which contains molecular and clinical data for diffuse gliomas across the full spectrum of histologic class and grade.

We demonstrate that the proneural signature predicts improved clinical outcome among 176 Rembrandt gliomas that includes all histologies and grades, including GBMs (log rank test p = 1.16e-6), but also among 75 grade II and grade III samples (p  =  2.65e-4).

This gene expression signature was enriched in tumors with oligodendroglioma histology and also predicted improved survival in this tumor type (n =  43, p  =  1.25e-4).

Thus, expression signatures identified in the TCGA analysis of GBMs also have intrinsic prognostic value for lower grade oligodendrogliomas, and likely represent important differences in tumor biology with implications for treatment and therapy.

Integrated DNA and RNA analysis of low-grade and high-grade proneural gliomas identified increased expression and gene amplification of several genes including GLIS3, TGFB2, TNC, AURKA, and VEGFA in proneural GBMs, with corresponding loss of DLL3 and HEY2.

This demonstrates that the expression signatures identified in the TCGA analysis of GBMs also have intrinsic prognostic value for low-grade oligodendrogliomas, and likely represent important differences in tumor biology with implications for treatment and therapy.

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(PMID = 20838435.001).

[ISSN] 1932-6203

[Journal-full-title] PloS one

[ISO-abbreviation] PLoS ONE

[Language] ENG

[Grant] United States / PHS HHS / / S09-094; United States / NIBIB NIH HHS / EB / P20 EB000591; United States / NCATS NIH HHS / TR / UL1 TR000454; United States / NCRR NIH HHS / RR / UL1 RR025008; United States / NLM NIH HHS / LM / R01 LM011119

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2933229

   

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Members of group E and group D of the Sox gene family function as important transcriptional regulators of glial development in the central nervous system.

SOX5, SOX9 and SOX10 were generally expressed at levels similar to or below those in adult brain tissue.

In contrast, many oligodendrogliomas exhibited upregulation of SOX6, SOX8 and SOX13.

Low-grade astrocytomas, but not glioblastomas, also showed elevated SOX8 transcript levels.

Taken together, the expression pattern of Sox genes in gliomas is heterogeneous and overall compatible with the less differentiated state of glioma cells as compared with their normal adult counterparts.

Despite their restricted expression in astrocytes and oligodendrocytes during normal development, none of the Sox genes was selectively expressed in tumours of the oligodendroglial or astrocytic lineage.

[MeSH-major] Brain Neoplasms / metabolism. Gene Expression. Glioma / metabolism. Sex-Determining Region Y Protein / biosynthesis

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Blotting, Western. Humans. RNA, Messenger / analysis. Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

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(PMID = 17961134.001).

[ISSN] 0305-1846

[Journal-full-title] Neuropathology and applied neurobiology

[ISO-abbreviation] Neuropathol. Appl. Neurobiol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / RNA, Messenger; 0 / Sex-Determining Region Y Protein

   

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[Title] Quantitative PCR analysis of the expression profile of genes related to multiple drug resistance in tumors of the central nervous system.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate and compare the profile of expression of genes related to drug resistance in brain tumors and to analyze the impact of the increased expression of these genes on overall survival.

METHODS: Eighty microdissected brain tumor samples from 79 patients were analyzed by RQ-PCR for the genes MDR1, MRP1, MRP3, LRP and BCRP.

Pediatric cases (0 to 20 years): 46 (17F:29M, median age 7.3 +/- 5.9 years); adult tumors: 33 (17F:16M, median age 46.6 +/- 14.5 years).

Histological diagnoses: 21 astrocytomas I and II, 28 astrocytomas III and glioblastomas, 17 medulloblastomas, 8 ependymomas, and 6 oligodendrogliomas.

Low-grade astrocytomas expressed high MDR1 (P = 0.001), MRP3 (P = 0.01) and LRP (P = 0.02) levels.

The increased expression of resistance genes had no impact on the overall survival of patients with medulloblastomas/PNET and high grade gliomas.

[MeSH-major] Central Nervous System Neoplasms / genetics. Drug Resistance, Multiple / genetics. Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / genetics. Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / genetics. Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / physiology. Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / methods

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Aged. Brain Neoplasms / drug therapy. Brain Neoplasms / genetics. Brain Neoplasms / mortality. Calibration. Child. Child, Preschool. DNA Primers. Female. Gene Expression Profiling. Glioma / drug therapy. Glioma / genetics. Glioma / mortality. Humans. Immunohistochemistry. Infant. Male. Medulloblastoma / drug therapy. Medulloblastoma / genetics. Medulloblastoma / mortality. Middle Aged. RNA, Neoplasm / biosynthesis. RNA, Neoplasm / genetics. Survival Analysis

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(PMID = 17429576.001).

[ISSN] 0167-594X

[Journal-full-title] Journal of neuro-oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Neurooncol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / DNA Primers; 0 / RNA, Neoplasm

   

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[Title] IDH1 mutations are early events in the development of astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas.

IDH1 mutations were frequent in low-grade diffuse astrocytomas (88%) and in secondary glioblastomas that developed through progression from low-grade diffuse or anaplastic astrocytoma (82%).

Similarly, high frequencies of IDH1 mutations were found in oligodendrogliomas (79%) and oligoastrocytomas (94%).

IDH1 mutations were co-present with TP53 mutations in 63% of low-grade diffuse astrocytomas and with loss of heterozygosity 1p/19q in 64% of oligodendrogliomas; they were rare in pilocytic astrocytomas (10%) and primary glioblastomas (5%) and absent in ependymomas.

[MeSH-major] Astrocytoma / genetics. Brain Neoplasms / genetics. Isocitrate Dehydrogenase / genetics. Oligodendroglioma / genetics

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Age Factors. Biomarkers, Tumor / genetics. Female. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Mutation. Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational. Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / genetics

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(PMID = 19246647.001).

[ISSN] 1525-2191

[Journal-full-title] The American journal of pathology

[ISO-abbreviation] Am. J. Pathol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; EC 1.1.1.41 / Isocitrate Dehydrogenase

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2671348

   

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Anaplastic oligodendrogliomas and oligoastrocytomas share the same, better prognosis than anaplastic astrocytomas.

Hypermethylation of the O(6)-methylguanine DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter (HR = 0.59; 95% CI, 0.36 to 1.0), mutations of the isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH1) gene (HR = 0.48; 95% CI, 0.29 to 0.77), and oligodendroglial histology (HR = 0.33; 95% CI, 0.2 to 0.55) reduced the risk of progression.

[MeSH-major] Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating / administration & dosage. Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / administration & dosage. Brain Neoplasms / drug therapy. Brain Neoplasms / radiotherapy. Dacarbazine / analogs & derivatives. Glioma / drug therapy. Glioma / radiotherapy

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Chemotherapy, Adjuvant. DNA Methylation. DNA Modification Methylases / genetics. DNA Repair Enzymes / genetics. Disease Progression. Disease-Free Survival. Drug Administration Schedule. Female. Humans. Isocitrate Dehydrogenase / genetics. Kaplan-Meier Estimate. Lomustine / administration & dosage. Lomustine / adverse effects. Male. Middle Aged. Mutation. Procarbazine / administration & dosage. Procarbazine / adverse effects. Promoter Regions, Genetic. Proportional Hazards Models. Radiotherapy, Adjuvant / adverse effects. Risk Assessment. Risk Factors. Time Factors. Treatment Failure. Tumor Suppressor Proteins / genetics. Vincristine / administration & dosage. Vincristine / adverse effects. Young Adult

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[CommentIn] J Clin Oncol. 2009 Dec 10;27(35):5861-2 [19901101.001]

[ErratumIn] J Clin Oncol. 2010 Feb 1;28(4):708

(PMID = 19901110.001).

[ISSN] 1527-7755

[Journal-full-title] Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Clin. Oncol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Clinical Trial, Phase III; Comparative Study; Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; 0 / Tumor Suppressor Proteins; 35S93Y190K / Procarbazine; 5J49Q6B70F / Vincristine; 7BRF0Z81KG / Lomustine; 7GR28W0FJI / Dacarbazine; 85622-93-1 / temozolomide; EC 1.1.1.41 / Isocitrate Dehydrogenase; EC 1.1.1.42. / IDH1 protein, human; EC 2.1.1.- / DNA Modification Methylases; EC 2.1.1.63 / MGMT protein, human; EC 6.5.1.- / DNA Repair Enzymes; PCV protocol

   

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[Title] Histological growth patterns and genotype in oligodendroglial tumours: correlation with MRI features.

Oligodendroglial neoplasms with the -1p/-19q genotype are more indolent with longer survival and increased therapeutic responsiveness than those with intact 1p/19q, but the biological basis for these clinical differences is unclear.

Recent research suggests that oligodendrogliomas with and without the -1p/-19q genotype may be distinguished by their magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) appearance, suggesting possible differences in growth characteristics.

This study examined the relationship between genotype and histological growth patterns of oligodendroglial neoplasms in association with MR imaging characteristics.

Thirty-three oligodendrogliomas (25 with 1p/19q loss) and 53 oligoastrocytomas (18 with 1p/19q loss) were investigated.

Solid, mixed or infiltrative growth patterns were seen in grade II and grade III tumours with or without 1p/19q loss, but infiltrative growth was more common in tumours with intact 1p/19q (chi2: P = 0.029).

Grade III tumours were more likely to have a solid growth pattern (chi2: P = 0.046) associated with contrast enhancement (chi2: P = 0.011).

This study identified a group of oligodendroglial tumours with intact 1p/19q displaying distinctive MR imaging features that were unrelated to the histopathology characteristics.

[MeSH-major] Brain Neoplasms / genetics. Brain Neoplasms / pathology. Oligodendroglioma / genetics. Oligodendroglioma / pathology

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Allelic Imbalance. Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1 / genetics. Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19 / genetics. Female. Genotype. Humans. Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / methods. Magnetic Resonance Imaging / methods. Male. Middle Aged

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(PMID = 16670176.001).

[ISSN] 1460-2156

[Journal-full-title] Brain : a journal of neurology

[ISO-abbreviation] Brain

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] England

   

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Here, we investigate the cytogenetic patterns of intratumoral clonal evolution of gliomas and their impact on tumor histopathology and patient survival.

Cytogenetic analysis of 90 gliomas was performed in individual tumor cells (>200 cells/tumor) using multicolor (N = 16 probes) interphase-FISH.

Virtually, all cases (99%) showed >or=2 tumor cell clones, with higher numbers among high- versus low-grade gliomas (p = 0.001).

Nine different cytogenetic patterns were found in the ancestral tumor clones.

Conversely, early tetraploidization was associated with low-grade astrocytomas-2/3 pilocytic and 3/6 grade II diffuse astrocytomas-and combined loss of 1p36/19q13 with oligodendrogliomas, respectively; both aberrations were associated with a better patient outcome (p = 0.03).

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Chromosome Aberrations. Female. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Survival Rate. Young Adult

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(PMID = 19760258.001).

[ISSN] 1364-6753

[Journal-full-title] Neurogenetics

[ISO-abbreviation] Neurogenetics

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

   

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[Title] [Metabolic imaging for supratentorial oligodendrogliomas].

Only a few publications have yet reported its use in oligodendroglial tumors.

These findings and partial results obtained in ongoing work, suggest some preliminary conclusions: 11C-MET (L-methyl-methionine) is a more appropriate tracer than 18F-FDG (fluoro-deoxy-glucose), in terms of both specificity and sensitivity, for the assessment of patients with this category of tumor.

PET/MET allows differentiation between grade II and grade III oligodendrogliomas; better targeting for stereotactic biopsy; more accurate assessment of the post-operative residual tumor; identification of progression from low-grade to anaplastic grade during the disease course; differentiation between recurrence and a post-radiation processes.

[MeSH-major] Brain. Oligodendroglioma / metabolism. Positron-Emission Tomography. Supratentorial Neoplasms / metabolism

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Amino Acids / metabolism. Female. Glucose / metabolism. Glycolysis. Humans. Imaging, Three-Dimensional. Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Male. Methionine / analogs & derivatives. Methionine / pharmacokinetics. Radioactive Tracers. Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Hazardous Substances Data Bank. GLUCOSE .

Hazardous Substances Data Bank. (L)-Methionine .

NCI CPTAC Assay Portal. NCI CPTAC Assay Portal .

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(PMID = 16292175.001).

[ISSN] 0028-3770

[Journal-full-title] Neuro-Chirurgie

[ISO-abbreviation] Neurochirurgie

[Language] fre

[Publication-type] Case Reports; English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] France

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Amino Acids; 0 / Radioactive Tracers; AE28F7PNPL / Methionine; BN630929UL / methionine methyl ester; IY9XDZ35W2 / Glucose