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[Title] Mechanisms of disease: high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia and other proposed preneoplastic lesions in the prostate.

High-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) is the most likely precursor of prostatic adenocarcinoma according to virtually all available evidence.

This lesion is characterized by cellular proliferations within pre-existing ducts and acini, with nuclear and nucleolar enlargements similar to those seen in prostate cancer, although unlike cancer HGPIN retains a basal-cell layer.

The recognition of HGPIN is clinically important because of the strong association between this disease and prostatic carcinoma.

The predictive value for cancer of an initial diagnosis of HGPIN on needle biopsy has substantially declined, with values falling from 36% to 21%.

Other possible findings in the prostate might indicate premalignant disease (low-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, atrophy, malignancy-associated changes, and atypical adenomatous hyperplasia or adenosis), but the data for these premalignant diseases are much less convincing than those for HGPIN.

[MeSH-major] Precancerous Conditions. Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia / diagnosis. Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia / pathology. Prostatic Neoplasms / diagnosis. Prostatic Neoplasms / pathology

[MeSH-minor] Adenocarcinoma / diagnosis. Adenocarcinoma / pathology. Biopsy, Needle. Humans. Male. Predictive Value of Tests

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(PMID = 17551536.001).

[ISSN] 1743-4289

[Journal-full-title] Nature clinical practice. Urology

[ISO-abbreviation] Nat Clin Pract Urol

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] United States

[Number-of-references] 78

   

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We reviewed the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center experience with these tumors to better understand their histology, time to diagnosis, treatment, and outcome.

PROCEDURE: A retrospective review was performed on all patients 21 years of age or younger at diagnosis, treated for primary epithelial lung malignancies at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center between 1980 and 2001.

The median age at diagnosis was 19 (range: 12-21) years.

The most common radiographic abnormality was a mass (55%) on chest imaging.

Seven patients (64%) were initially diagnosed as having pneumonia which contributed to a delay in diagnosis.

Final pathologic diagnoses included adenocarcinoma (four), carcinoid tumor (three typical, one atypical), basaloid carcinoma (two), and mucoepidermoid carcinoma (one).

A majority of patients presented with advanced disease (two stage III, four stage IV).

Patients with localized disease were treated with surgical resection and all but one remains disease free with a median follow-up of 60 months (range: 13-286).

Patients with either advanced locoregional or distant metastatic disease were treated with multimodal therapy and a majority had rapid progression of disease.

CONCLUSIONS: When children and adolescents present with primary epithelial lung malignancy a majority will have advanced disease and experience a delay in diagnosis.

Patients with carcinoid tumors seem to have the best prognosis, followed by adenocarcinoma.

[MeSH-major] Carcinoma / diagnosis. Lung Neoplasms / diagnosis

[MeSH-minor] Adenocarcinoma / diagnosis. Adenocarcinoma / pathology. Adolescent. Adult. Carcinoid Tumor / diagnosis. Carcinoid Tumor / pathology. Carcinoma, Basal Cell / diagnosis. Carcinoma, Basal Cell / pathology. Child. Diagnostic Errors. Female. Humans. Male. Pneumonia / diagnosis

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(PMID = 15714450.001).

[ISSN] 1545-5009

[Journal-full-title] Pediatric blood & cancer

[ISO-abbreviation] Pediatr Blood Cancer

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

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[Title] AlphaB-crystallin: a novel marker of invasive basal-like and metaplastic breast carcinomas.

Basal-like tumors are a newly recognized estrogen receptor (ER) negative and HER2 negative breast cancer subtype that express basal epithelial genes and are associated with poor survival.

Metaplastic carcinomas are thought to belong within the basal-like group.

We have recently demonstrated that the small heat shock protein alphaB-crystallin is commonly expressed in basal-like tumors and contributes to their aggressive phenotype.

The current study examined the rates and patterns of alphaB-crystallin expression in whole tissue sections of human breast, including normal tissue, proliferative lesions, in situ and invasive carcinomas (ER positive, HER2 positive, basal-like, and metaplastic cancers).

In normal breast tissue, proliferative lesions and in situ carcinomas, alphaB-crystallin expression was restricted to the myoepithelial cell compartment of ductal and lobular units.

Most basal-like and metaplastic carcinomas demonstrated cytoplasmic expression of alphaB-crystallin (81% and 86%, respectively).

Taken together, our results indicate that alphaB-crystallin is a sensitive (81%) and specific (100%) marker for basal-like breast carcinomas.

Moreover, the high rates of expression of alphaB-crystallin in metaplastic breast carcinomas (86%) suggest that these tumors may represent a histologically distinctive subset of basal-like breast tumors with a similar underlying molecular etiology.

[MeSH-major] Adenocarcinoma / metabolism. Biomarkers, Tumor / metabolism. Breast Neoplasms / metabolism. Neoplasm Proteins / metabolism. alpha-Crystallin B Chain / metabolism

[MeSH-minor] Breast Cyst / metabolism. Breast Cyst / pathology. Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating / metabolism. Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating / pathology. Cell Proliferation. Female. Fibrocystic Breast Disease / metabolism. Fibrocystic Breast Disease / pathology. Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect. Humans. Immunoenzyme Techniques. Metaplasia. Neoplasm Invasiveness. Predictive Value of Tests

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(PMID = 18164413.001).

[ISSN] 1092-9134

[Journal-full-title] Annals of diagnostic pathology

[ISO-abbreviation] Ann Diagn Pathol

[Language] eng

[Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / P50CA89018; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01CA097198

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / Neoplasm Proteins; 0 / alpha-Crystallin B Chain

   

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In addition, 82 (67.2%) showed patchy to negative distribution of basal cells.

Compounding this problem, focal lack of basal cells may be seen.

However, the AMACR staining pattern of partial atrophy is usually comparable to that of adjacent benign glands and substantially different from adenocarcinoma.

[MeSH-minor] Adenocarcinoma / enzymology. Adenocarcinoma / pathology. Adult. Aged. Atrophy / enzymology. Atrophy / pathology. Biomarkers / metabolism. Biopsy, Needle. Humans. Immunoenzyme Techniques. Male. Middle Aged. Prostatic Neoplasms / enzymology. Prostatic Neoplasms / pathology

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(PMID = 17074684.001).

[ISSN] 0002-9173

[Journal-full-title] American journal of clinical pathology

[ISO-abbreviation] Am. J. Clin. Pathol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers; EC 5.1.- / Racemases and Epimerases; EC 5.1.99.4 / alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase

   

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[Title] Targeting protein kinase C (PKC) and telomerase by phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) sensitizes PC-3 cells towards chemotherapeutic drug-induced apoptosis.

Telomerase, a reverse transcriptase, is highly activated in prostate cancer cells.

The present study investigates the effects of natural isothiocyanate phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) in modulating the activities of PKC and telomerase in the androgen-independent human prostate adenocarcinoma (PC-3) cell line.

Basal level of PKC delta, a proapoptotic form, was very poor and its modulation was not significant.

Studies were conducted to measure the degree of apoptotic cell death induced either by PEITC alone or in combination with adriamycin or etoposide.

PEITC exhibited remarkable efficacy in sensitizing PC-3 cells to undergo cell death by adriamycin and etoposide, which might prove to be of considerable value in synergistic therapy of cancer.

[MeSH-minor] Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / pharmacology. Biomarkers, Tumor / metabolism. Caspases / metabolism. Cell Line, Tumor. Cytochromes c / metabolism. Down-Regulation / drug effects. Doxorubicin / pharmacology. Drug Resistance, Neoplasm. Etoposide / pharmacology. Humans. Male

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(PMID = 20102325.001).

[ISSN] 2162-6537

[Journal-full-title] Journal of environmental pathology, toxicology and oncology : official organ of the International Society for Environmental Toxicology and Cancer

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Environ. Pathol. Toxicol. Oncol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antineoplastic Agents; 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / Isothiocyanates; 6PLQ3CP4P3 / Etoposide; 6U7TFK75KV / phenethyl isothiocyanate; 80168379AG / Doxorubicin; 9007-43-6 / Cytochromes c; EC 2.7.11.13 / Protein Kinase C; EC 2.7.7.49 / Telomerase; EC 3.4.22.- / Caspases

   

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[Title] [Well-differentiated basal cell adenocarcinoma of the lacrimal sac: a case report].

[Transliterated title] Adenocarcinoma de células basales del saco lacrimal bien diferenciado. A propósito de un caso.

Basal cell adenocarcinoma is a rare tumor first considered to be a separate entity by the WHO in 1991.

We present a case of adenocarcinoma of the lacrimal sac diagnosed at histological study.

We discuss the differential diagnosis and treatment for this tumor.

[MeSH-major] Adenocarcinoma / diagnosis. Lacrimal Apparatus

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(PMID = 17524341.001).

[ISSN] 0033-8338

[Journal-full-title] Radiología

[ISO-abbreviation] Radiologia

[Language] spa

[Publication-type] Case Reports; English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Spain

   

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Adenocarcinomas are today the most frequent lung cancers.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A xenograft system was used: cells from the A549 cell line were injected subcutaneously into SCID mice.

The histological study showed that these tumours faithfully reproduced the morphological features of adenocarcinoma, and developed an intratumoral neovascularization.

RESULTS: The basal expression of cleaved caspase-3 in untreated tumours (23%) increased after cryotherapy.

The increase was maximal eight hours after treatment (up to 47% of positive cells) and was less important with the first protocol, suggesting a lesser efficiency in the induction of apoptosis.

[MeSH-major] Adenocarcinoma / therapy. Cryotherapy. Lung Neoplasms / therapy. Neoadjuvant Therapy. Neoplasms, Experimental / therapy

[MeSH-minor] Animals. Cell Line, Tumor / transplantation. Humans. Male. Mice. Mice, SCID. Neoplasm Transplantation. Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

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(PMID = 15850952.001).

[ISSN] 0369-8114

[Journal-full-title] Pathologie-biologie

[ISO-abbreviation] Pathol. Biol.

[Language] fre

[Publication-type] English Abstract; Evaluation Studies; Journal Article

[Publication-country] France

   

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BACKGROUND: External esophageal perfusion (EEP) with the idea that esophageal perfusion can be controlled with a single ingredient at a constant rate and concentration, might be used to dissect the injurious role of gastro-duodenal secretions for the progression from esophagitis to Barrett's esophagus (BE) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC).

Histological changes, cell proliferation, apoptosis, 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG) and Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) were observed after perfusion and compared.

RESULTS: The bile perfusion for 1 week, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks induced mucosa infiltration of inflammatory cells, basal cell hyperproliferation, and papillae hypertrophy in all animals.

Further studies are needed to induce Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma.

[MeSH-minor] Animals. Apoptosis. Cell Division. Deoxyguanosine / analogs & derivatives. Deoxyguanosine / analysis. Gastric Juice / chemistry. Hypertrophy. Immunohistochemistry. In Situ Nick-End Labeling. Mucous Membrane / pathology. Rats. Rats, Sprague-Dawley. Superoxide Dismutase / analysis. Time Factors

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(PMID = 15921698.001).

[ISSN] 0022-4804

[Journal-full-title] The Journal of surgical research

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Surg. Res.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 88847-89-6 / 8-oxo-7-hydrodeoxyguanosine; EC 1.15.1.1 / Superoxide Dismutase; G9481N71RO / Deoxyguanosine

   

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[Transliterated title] Carcinome adénoïde kystique vaginal: à propos d'un cas.

Differential diagnosis includes adenoid basal carcinoma, polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma and basaloid squamous cell carcinoma.

Histological examination revealed nests of cells with peripheral palisading organisation and glandular lumina containing material produced by the tumor cells.

[MeSH-minor] Actins / analysis. Epithelial Cells / pathology. Female. Humans. Middle Aged. Papillomavirus Infections / pathology

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(PMID = 18675169.001).

[ISSN] 0242-6498

[Journal-full-title] Annales de pathologie

[ISO-abbreviation] Ann Pathol

[Language] fre

[Publication-type] Case Reports; English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] France

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Actins

   

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RESULTS: Since the introduction of the Gleason grading system more than 40 years ago many aspects of prostate cancer have changed, including prostate specific antigen testing, transrectal ultrasound guided prostate needle biopsy with greater sampling, immunohistochemistry for basal cells that changed the classification of prostate cancer and new prostate cancer variants.

The grading of variants and subtypes of acinar adenocarcinoma of the prostate, including cancer with vacuoles, foamy gland carcinoma, ductal adenocarcinoma, pseudohyperplastic carcinoma and small cell carcinoma have also been modified.

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[Copyright] Copyright 2010 American Urological Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

(PMID = 20006878.001).

[ISSN] 1527-3792

[Journal-full-title] The Journal of urology

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Urol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] United States

[Number-of-references] 43

   

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[Title] Basal cell-like (triple-negative) breast cancer, a predictor of distant metastasis in African American women.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of the basal cell-like molecular breast cancer subtype with respect to locoregional recurrence and distant metastasis in African American women treated for breast cancer.

Compared with the other molecular subtypes the basal cell-like subtype showed a statistically significant association to distant metastasis: 15 (42.9%) vs 13 (37.1%), 4 (11.4%), and 3 (8.6%) (P < .001), respectively, for luminal A, Her-2/neu, and luminal B subtypes.

The basal cell-like subtype was an independent predictor of distant metastasis (odds ratio, 5.8; 95% confidence interval, 1.5-22.0, P = .009).

The molecular subtypes showed no statistically significant difference with respect to locoregional treatment administered and tumor stage at time of diagnosis.

CONCLUSIONS: The basal cell-like molecular breast cancer subtype is an independent predictor of distant metastasis in African American women.

[MeSH-major] Adenocarcinoma / ethnology. Adenocarcinoma / secondary. African Americans / genetics. Breast Neoplasms / ethnology. Breast Neoplasms / genetics. Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / genetics

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(PMID = 18083134.001).

[ISSN] 1879-1883

[Journal-full-title] American journal of surgery

[ISO-abbreviation] Am. J. Surg.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

   

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[Title] Met induces diverse mammary carcinomas in mice and is associated with human basal breast cancer.

We describe a knockin mouse with mutationally activated Met (Met(mut)) that develops a high incidence of diverse mammary tumors with basal characteristics, including metaplasia, absence of progesterone receptor and ERBB2 expression, and expression of cytokeratin 5.

With gene expression and tissue microarray analysis, we show that high MET expression in human breast cancers significantly correlated with estrogen receptor negative/ERBB2 negative tumors and with basal breast cancers.

Few treatment options exist for breast cancers of the basal or trastuzumab-resistant ERBB2 subtypes.

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(PMID = 19567831.001).

[ISSN] 1091-6490

[Journal-full-title] Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

[ISO-abbreviation] Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

[Language] ENG

[Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / F32 CA105748; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U01 CA114722; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / F32CA105748

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Receptors, Progesterone; EC 2.7.10.1 / ERBB2 protein, human; EC 2.7.10.1 / Erbb2 protein, mouse; EC 2.7.10.1 / Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met; EC 2.7.10.1 / Receptor, ErbB-2

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2722304

   

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[Title] Intracellular zinc increase inhibits p53(-/-) pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell growth by ROS/AIF-mediated apoptosis.

We show that treatment with non-toxic doses of zinc in association to the ionophore compound pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) inhibits p53(-/-) pancreatic cancer cell growth much more efficiently than gemcitabine, the gold standard chemotherapeutic agent for pancreatic cancer.

Both the metal chelator N,N,N',N'-tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine and the radical scavenger N-acetyl-l-cysteine are able to recover cell growth inhibition by Zn/PDTC, demonstrating that this effect depends on the increased levels of intracellular zinc and of reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Zn/PDTC treatment induces a strong apoptotic cell death that is associated to ROS-dependent nuclear translocation of the mitochondrial factor AIF, but not to the regulation of apoptotic genes and caspase activation.

Primary fibroblasts are more resistant than pancreatic cancer cells to Zn/PDTC treatment and exhibit a lower basal and Zn/PDTC-induced enhancement of intracellular zinc.

[MeSH-major] Adenocarcinoma / pathology. Apoptosis. Apoptosis Inducing Factor / metabolism. Pancreatic Neoplasms / pathology. Reactive Oxygen Species / metabolism. Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / deficiency. Zinc / metabolism

[MeSH-minor] Caspases / metabolism. Cell Line, Tumor. Cell Nucleus / drug effects. Cell Nucleus / metabolism. Cell Proliferation / drug effects. Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor. Enzyme Activation / drug effects. Ethylenediamines / pharmacology. Fibroblasts / cytology. Fibroblasts / drug effects. Humans. Intracellular Space / drug effects. Intracellular Space / metabolism. Leupeptins / pharmacology. Mitochondria / drug effects. Mitochondria / enzymology. Models, Biological. Protein Transport / drug effects. Pyrrolidines / pharmacology. Thiocarbamates / pharmacology

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(PMID = 18951928.001).

[ISSN] 0006-3002

[Journal-full-title] Biochimica et biophysica acta

[ISO-abbreviation] Biochim. Biophys. Acta

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Netherlands

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Apoptosis Inducing Factor; 0 / Ethylenediamines; 0 / Leupeptins; 0 / Pyrrolidines; 0 / Reactive Oxygen Species; 0 / Thiocarbamates; 0 / Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; 133407-82-6 / benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde; 16858-02-9 / N,N,N',N'-tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine; 25769-03-3 / pyrrolidine dithiocarbamic acid; EC 3.4.22.- / Caspases; J41CSQ7QDS / Zinc

   

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[Title] Basal cell adenoma of the parotid gland. Case report and review of the literature.

Basal cell adenoma of the salivary glands is an uncommon type of monomorphous adenoma.

Histologically, isomorphic cells in nests and interlaced trabecules with a prominent basal membrane are observed.

In contrast to pleomorphic adenoma, it tends to be multiple and its recurrence rate after surgical excision is high.

Due to prognostic implications, differential diagnosis with basal cell adenocarcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma and basaloid squamous cell carcinoma is mandatory.

We describe a case of basal cell adenoma of the parotid gland.

We also review the literature and discuss the diagnosis and management of this rare entity.

[MeSH-major] Adenoma / pathology. Parotid Neoplasms / pathology

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(PMID = 16505803.001).

[ISSN] 1698-6946

[Journal-full-title] Medicina oral, patología oral y cirugía bucal

[ISO-abbreviation] Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal

[Language] eng; spa

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] Spain

[Number-of-references] 21

   

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[Title] Tissue transglutaminase induces the release of apoptosis inducing factor and results in apoptotic death of pancreatic cancer cells.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal malignant disease with poor long-term survival rates.

Major reason for poor disease outcome is the profound intrinsic resistance of PDAC cells to currently available treatment regimens.

We recently found that a great majority of PDAC tumors and tumor cell lines express high basal level of tissue transglutaminase (TG2), a multifunctional protein implicated in apoptosis, cell attachment, cell survival, and cell motility functions.

Based on these observations, we hypothesized that activation of endogenous TG2 can induce spontaneous apoptosis in PDAC cells.

The results obtained suggested that activation of endogenous TG2 by calcium ionophore A23187 induced rapid and spontaneous apoptosis in PDAC cells.

The release of AIF from mitochondria led to its translocation to the nucleus and subsequent apoptosis of PDAC cells in caspase-independent manner.

In conclusion, our results provide first evidence that TG2 can induce apoptosis in PDAC cells in an AIF-dependent and caspase-independent manner.

[MeSH-minor] Calcimycin / pharmacology. Calcium Channels / metabolism. Cell Death. Cell Differentiation. Deoxycytidine / analogs & derivatives. Deoxycytidine / pharmacology. Disease Progression. GTP-Binding Proteins. Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic. Humans. Ionophores / pharmacology. Models, Biological. Tumor Cells, Cultured

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(PMID = 17440814.001).

[ISSN] 1360-8185

[Journal-full-title] Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death

[ISO-abbreviation] Apoptosis

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / AIFM1 protein, human; 0 / Apoptosis Inducing Factor; 0 / Calcium Channels; 0 / Ionophores; 0W860991D6 / Deoxycytidine; 37H9VM9WZL / Calcimycin; B76N6SBZ8R / gemcitabine; EC 2.3.2.- / transglutaminase 2; EC 2.3.2.13 / Transglutaminases; EC 3.6.1.- / GTP-Binding Proteins

   

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We conducted this study to determine whether the basal characteristics and survival of young patients undergoing surgical resection of lung cancer differ from those of elderly patients.

The patients' medical records were reviewed with respect to age, gender, histological diagnosis, coexisting diseases, smoking history, postoperative staging, type of operation, and postoperative morbidity, mortality, and survival results.

However, the 5-year survival rates for patients who underwent surgery for non-small cell lung cancer did not differ between groups 1 and 2, at 33.3% versus 21.3%, respectively (P = 0.09).

CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of adenocarcinoma was higher in the young patients, whose prognosis was slightly better than that of the elderly patients.

[MeSH-major] Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / mortality. Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / surgery. Carcinoma, Small Cell / mortality. Carcinoma, Small Cell / surgery. Lung Neoplasms / mortality. Lung Neoplasms / surgery

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(PMID = 16175462.001).

[ISSN] 0941-1291

[Journal-full-title] Surgery today

[ISO-abbreviation] Surg. Today

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Japan

   

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The designed agents were potent inhibitors of rhodamine 123 efflux in cultured cancer cell lines that display high levels of P-gp expression at the cell surface and in transfected cells expressing P-gp.

Further studies revealed that Q2 inhibited the efflux of a range of fluorescent substrates (rhodamine 123, doxorubicin, mitoxantrone, and BODIPY-FL-prazosin) from MCF-7/DX1 cells.

The reversibility of the tether was confirmed in experiments showing that Q2 was readily hydrolyzed by esterases in vitro (t(1/2) approximately 20 h) while demonstrating high resistance to nonenzymatic hydrolysis in cell culture media (t(1/2) approximately 21 days).

In addition, low concentrations of Q2 stimulated basal P-gp ATPase levels.

Finally, Q2 was shown to inhibit the transport of radiolabeled paclitaxel (Taxol) in MCF-7/DX1 cells, and it completely reversed the P-gp-mediated paclitaxel resistance phenotype.

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(PMID = 18945821.001).

[ISSN] 1521-0111

[Journal-full-title] Molecular pharmacology

[ISO-abbreviation] Mol. Pharmacol.

[Language] ENG

[Grant] United States / NEI NIH HHS / EY / R21 EY018481; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / 2P30-CA23168; United States / NEI NIH HHS / EY / EY018481

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Affinity Labels; 0 / Fluorescent Dyes; 0 / P-Glycoprotein; 1N3CZ14C5O / Rhodamine 123; 80168379AG / Doxorubicin; A7V27PHC7A / Quinine; CJ0O37KU29 / Verapamil; EC 3.6.1.- / Adenosine Triphosphatases; P88XT4IS4D / Paclitaxel; XM03YJ541D / Prazosin

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2685053

   

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[Title] Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma: two case reports.

Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) is a rare and aggressive variant of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) that occurs preferentially in the upper aerodigestive tract.

BSCC of the head and neck should be distinguished from adenoid cystic carcinoma, small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, basal cell adenocarcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, spindle cell squamous carcinoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, and adenoid cystic carcinoma.

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(PMID = 20062602.001).

[ISSN] 1757-1626

[Journal-full-title] Cases journal

[ISO-abbreviation] Cases J

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] England

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2804002

   

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To investigate the expression of AQP3 in normal and neoplastic lung tissues, we studied a series of 149 lung carcinoma tissues and 2 cell lines by immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction.

In normal lung tissues, immunohistochemical expression of AQP3 was demonstrated in bronchial basal cells, alveolar type II cells, bronchiolar epithelial cells, and secretory cells of submucosal glands.

In lung carcinomas, AQP3 expression was observed in 59 (70.2%) of 84 adenocarcinomas.

Squamous cell carcinoma and large cell carcinoma had rather low positive ratios (35.8% and 13.4%, respectively).

No AQP3 expression was demonstrated in small cell carcinoma, pleomorphic carcinoma, or metastatic colon adenocarcinoma.

In adenocarcinomas, AQP3 was detected in all tumors of bronchioloalveolar subtype.

Papillary subtype also showed a higher positive ratio of AQP3 compared with that in acinar and solid with mucin subtypes.

In addition, AQP3 expression was related to tumor differentiation and clinical stage in adenocarcinomas.

Western blotting and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analyses confirmed the expression of AQP3 protein and messenger RNA in cell lines and tissues of lung adenocarcinoma.

In addition, lung carcinomas, especially adenocarcinomas, can produce AQP3, possibly in connection with their functional and/or biological nature, although the detailed mechanism of AQP3 expression in lung carcinomas remains to be clarified.

[MeSH-minor] Adenocarcinoma / genetics. Adenocarcinoma / metabolism. Adenocarcinoma / pathology. Blotting, Western. Cell Line, Tumor. Female. Gene Expression. Humans. Immunohistochemistry. Male. Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

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(PMID = 17056099.001).

[ISSN] 0046-8177

[Journal-full-title] Human pathology

[ISO-abbreviation] Hum. Pathol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 158801-98-0 / Aquaporin 3

   

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[Title] Activation of thromboxane receptor alpha induces expression of cyclooxygenase-2 through multiple signaling pathways in A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells.

Human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells stably transfected with TPalpha (A549-TPalpha) were used to study agonist I-BOP-induced expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and the related mechanisms of induced expression.

I-BOP, a TP agonist, induced a time- and dose-dependent expression of COX-2 in A549-TPalpha cells.

Distal NF-kappaB site is essential for the basal induction of the COX-2 transcription, whereas CRE and proximal NF-kappaB sites are important for the induced transcription.

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(PMID = 17632087.001).

[ISSN] 1873-2968

[Journal-full-title] Biochemical pharmacology

[ISO-abbreviation] Biochem. Pharmacol.

[Language] ENG

[Grant] United States / NHLBI NIH HHS / HL / HL046296-11; United States / NHLBI NIH HHS / HL / R01 HL046296-07; United States / NHLBI NIH HHS / HL / R01 HL046296; United States / NHLBI NIH HHS / HL / HL046296-06; United States / NHLBI NIH HHS / HL / HL046296-07; United States / NHLBI NIH HHS / HL / HL-46296; United States / NHLBI NIH HHS / HL / R01 HL046296-09; United States / NHLBI NIH HHS / HL / HL046296-08; United States / NHLBI NIH HHS / HL / R01 HL046296-11; United States / NHLBI NIH HHS / HL / R01 HL046296-08; United States / NHLBI NIH HHS / HL / HL046296-09; United States / NHLBI NIH HHS / HL / R01 HL046296-10; United States / NHLBI NIH HHS / HL / HL046296-10; United States / NHLBI NIH HHS / HL / R01 HL046296-06

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; 0 / Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; 0 / Protein Isoforms; 0 / Receptors, Thromboxane; 0 / Receptors, Thromboxane A2, Prostaglandin H2; 124924-85-2 / 7-(3-(3-hydroxy-4-(4'-iodophenoxy)-1-butenyl)-7-oxabicyclo(2.2.1)heptan-2-yl)-5-heptenoic acid; EC 1.14.99.1 / Cyclooxygenase 2

[Other-IDs] NLM/ NIHMS28713; NLM/ PMC1995664

   

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[Title] [Loss of differentiation of a prostate adenocarcinoma after hormone therapy: the example of a metastasis in the spongy body of the penis].

Metastases in the penis only occur at an advanced state of the tumour and with a high dedifferentiation, e. g., ductal adenocarcinoma.

Changes in the morphology of the prostate carcinoma are specially known for the occurrence of small-cell neuroendocrine and undifferentiated carcinomas.

At this state of the disease, there is only the possibility of a palliative therapy with a poor prognosis.

[MeSH-major] Adenocarcinoma / secondary. Androgen Antagonists / therapeutic use. Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / therapeutic use. Carcinoma, Basal Cell / secondary. Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / secondary. Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / pathology. Diphosphonates / therapeutic use. Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / antagonists & inhibitors. Neoplasms, Multiple Primary / drug therapy. Penile Neoplasms / secondary. Prostatic Neoplasms / drug therapy

[MeSH-minor] Aged. Biomarkers, Tumor / analysis. Biopsy. Bone Neoplasms / drug therapy. Bone Neoplasms / pathology. Bone Neoplasms / secondary. Bone Neoplasms / surgery. Combined Modality Therapy. Cystectomy. Diagnosis, Differential. Disease Progression. Humans. Lymphatic Metastasis. Male. Neoplasm Staging. Penis / pathology. Penis / surgery. Prostate / pathology. Prostate / surgery. Prostatectomy

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(PMID = 18798127.001).

[ISSN] 0001-7868

[Journal-full-title] Aktuelle Urologie

[ISO-abbreviation] Aktuelle Urol

[Language] ger

[Publication-type] Case Reports; English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Germany

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Androgen Antagonists; 0 / Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / Diphosphonates; 33515-09-2 / Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone

   

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[Title] Oxytocin stimulates expression of a noncoding RNA tumor marker in a human neuroblastoma cell line.

AIMS: A noncoding RNA, metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1), is upregulated in several malignant tumors.

The aim of this study is to clarify how MALAT1 gene expression is altered by extracellular signals in the SK-N-SH neuroblastoma cell line and to define its proximal promoter in order to study the mechanism of MALAT1 gene expression.

Although the expression of immediate early genes returned to basal levels after 3h, MALAT1 transcript levels peaked 6-24h after stimulation.

SIGNIFICANCE: The expression of the tumor marker MALAT1 ncRNA is sensitive to cell surface receptor activation by oxytocin in a neuroblastoma cell line.

[MeSH-major] Biomarkers, Tumor / biosynthesis. Oxytocin / pharmacology. RNA, Neoplasm / biosynthesis

[MeSH-minor] Brain Neoplasms / metabolism. Calcium / metabolism. Cell Line, Tumor. Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein / biosynthesis. Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein / genetics. Humans. Informatics. Neuroblastoma / metabolism. Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis. Receptors, Oxytocin / agonists. Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

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[Copyright] Copyright (c) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

(PMID = 20149803.001).

[ISSN] 1879-0631

[Journal-full-title] Life sciences

[ISO-abbreviation] Life Sci.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Netherlands

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; 0 / RNA, Neoplasm; 0 / Receptors, Oxytocin; 50-56-6 / Oxytocin; SY7Q814VUP / Calcium

   

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[Title] Somatostatin inhibits colon cancer cell growth through cyclooxygenase-2 downregulation.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is expressed in colonic neoplasms, where it supports cell proliferation via prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) production.

This study investigated the effects of somatostatin-14 on COX-2 expression, PGE(2) production and proliferation in colon cancer cells.

EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: Human colon adenocarcinoma cell lines Caco-2, HT-29 and HCT116 were used.

The following techniques were employed: colourimetric assay for cell growth; 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine assay for DNA synthesis; enzyme immunoassay for PGE(2); COX-2 mRNA silencing; RT-PCR or Western blot for somatostatin receptor subtypes, cyclooxygenase isoforms, phosphorylated-ERK-1/ERK-2 and phosphorylated-Akt.

KEY RESULTS: HT-29 and Caco-2 cells expressed COX-2 and somatostatin receptors (sst(3/4/5) and sst(3/5), respectively).

HCT116 cells did express somatostatin receptors (sst(2/3/5)), but not COX-2.

Somatostatin-14 inhibited basal COX-2 expression, PGE(2) production, DNA synthesis and growth in Caco-2 cells and these effects were prevented by BN81658 (sst(3) receptor antagonist).

Basal proliferation of HT-29, HCT116 and COX-2-silenced Caco-2 cells was not affected by somatostatin-14.

Stimulation of HT-29 cells with gastrin-17 elicited increments of ERK-1/ERK-2 and Akt phosphorylation, COX-2 expression, PGE(2) production, DNA synthesis and cell growth, which were all counteracted by somatostatin-14.

CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Somatostatin decreases COX-2 expression and function in colon cancer cells via activation of sst(3) or sst(5) receptors, and these effects contribute to the inhibitory action of somatostatin on cell proliferation.

[MeSH-major] Cell Proliferation / drug effects. Colonic Neoplasms / pathology. Cyclooxygenase 2 / metabolism. Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors / pharmacology. Somatostatin / pharmacology

[MeSH-minor] Caco-2 Cells. Colon / pathology. Down-Regulation / drug effects. Down-Regulation / physiology. Gastrins / metabolism. HT29 Cells. Humans. Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / metabolism. Oligopeptides / metabolism. Protein Kinase C / metabolism. Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases / metabolism

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(PMID = 18587421.001).

[ISSN] 0007-1188

[Journal-full-title] British journal of pharmacology

[ISO-abbreviation] Br. J. Pharmacol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / BIM 23056; 0 / Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; 0 / Gastrins; 0 / Oligopeptides; 51110-01-1 / Somatostatin; 60748-06-3 / gastrin 17; EC 1.14.99.1 / Cyclooxygenase 2; EC 2.7.11.13 / Protein Kinase C; EC 2.7.11.24 / Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; EC 3.1.3.48 / Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2538699

   

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CD43, a sialoglycoprotein expressed on hematopoietic cells, has only rarely been reported in nonhematopoietic tumors, mostly of colon.

CD43 immunoreactivity with 2 different antibodies was detected mainly in ACC but also 1 membranous type basal cell adenocarcinoma and 1 colonic adenocarcinoma.

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(PMID = 18227725.001).

[ISSN] 1541-2016

[Journal-full-title] Applied immunohistochemistry & molecular morphology : AIMM

[ISO-abbreviation] Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol.

[Language] ENG

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antigens, CD43; 0 / RNA, Messenger; 0 / UN1 sialoglycoprotein, human

   

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The external ear can be the site of development of squamous carcinomas and basal-cell carcinomas; the middle ear and inner ear can host metastatic deposits, and primary squamous carcinomas and adenocarcinomas.

Most auricular malignant diseases occur in adulthood; only the rhabdomyosarcomas of the middle ear arise in children.

Most malignant diseases of the auricular apparatus are treated by a combination of surgery (commonly including radical excision of temporal bone), radiotherapy, and chemotherapy.

[MeSH-major] Ear Neoplasms / diagnosis. Ear Neoplasms / therapy. Ear, External. Skull Neoplasms / diagnosis. Skull Neoplasms / therapy. Temporal Bone

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(PMID = 15925819.001).

[ISSN] 1470-2045

[Journal-full-title] The Lancet. Oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] Lancet Oncol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] England

[Number-of-references] 76

   

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[Title] Aberrant diffuse expression of p63 in adenocarcinoma of the prostate on needle biopsy and radical prostatectomy: report of 21 cases.

Aberrant diffuse expression of p63 in prostate carcinoma cells is a rare and poorly understood phenomenon.

The presence of p63 positive atypical glands with an infiltrative pattern and perineural invasion on radical prostatectomy confirmed the needle biopsy diagnosis of carcinoma.

Rarely, prostate cancer can aberrantly express diffuse p63 staining in a nonbasal cell distribution leading to the erroneous diagnosis of atrophy or atypical basal cell proliferation.

The diagnosis of prostate cancer is based on the morphology and confirmed by the absence of high molecular weight cytokeratin staining and positivity for alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase in the atypical glands.

Pathologists need to be aware of this rare and unusual phenomenon, which is a potential pitfall in prostate cancer diagnosis.

[MeSH-major] Adenocarcinoma / chemistry. Biopsy, Needle. Membrane Proteins / analysis. Prostatectomy. Prostatic Neoplasms / chemistry

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(PMID = 18300803.001).

[ISSN] 0147-5185

[Journal-full-title] The American journal of surgical pathology

[ISO-abbreviation] Am. J. Surg. Pathol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / CKAP4 protein, human; 0 / Membrane Proteins

   

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[Title] Radiation-induced effects on telomerase in gynecological cancer cell lines with different radiosensitivity and repair capacity.

PURPOSE: Telomerase activation in response to irradiation might enhance the radioresistance of cells.

Thus, we have investigated radiation-induced effects on telomerase in six gynecological cancer cell lines, with different intrinsic radiosensitivity and capacity for sublethal damage repair (SLDR).

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three endometrial adenocarcinoma (UM-EC-1, UT-EC-2B and UT-EC-3) and three vulvar squamous cell carcinoma (A431, UM-SCV-2 and UM-SCV-7) cell lines were irradiated with doses of 5, 10 and 25 Gy and the effects on telomerase were evaluated at 0.5, 6, 24 and 48 h post-irradiation.

RESULTS: The most radioresistant cell line A431 had the strongest stimulatory effects (approximately 2.0 - 2.5-fold) on telomerase activity 24 and 48 h post-irradiation with the highest radiation doses.

In contrast to that, telomerase activities in the highly radiosensitive cell line UT-EC-2B remained below the basal level throughout the 48-h period of post-irradiation with the highest doses, and even a decline to approximately 50% of the basal level was found 24 h after exposure.

In other cell lines being either moderately or highly radiation resistant, telomerase activity levels in response to irradiation remained mainly at the basal level or gradually increased.

However, no correlation was found between the radiation-induced effects on telomerase and the sublethal damage repair capacity of the cells.

[MeSH-major] DNA Repair. DNA, Neoplasm / radiation effects. Genital Neoplasms, Female / enzymology. Genital Neoplasms, Female / genetics. Radiation Tolerance. Telomerase / metabolism. Telomerase / radiation effects

[MeSH-minor] Cell Line, Tumor. DNA Damage. Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation. Enzyme Activation / radiation effects. Female. Humans. Radiation Dosage

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(PMID = 17178626.001).

[ISSN] 0955-3002

[Journal-full-title] International journal of radiation biology

[ISO-abbreviation] Int. J. Radiat. Biol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / DNA, Neoplasm; EC 2.7.7.49 / Telomerase

   

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Weanling rats fed basal diets supplemented with whole red pepper at concentrations up to 5.0% for up to 8 weeks had no pathology of the large intestines, livers, and kidneys, but destruction of the taste buds and keratinization and erosion of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract were noted in groups fed 0.5% to 5.0% red pepper.

A rabbit skin irritation test of Capsicum Annuum Fruit Extract at concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 1.0% produced no irritation, but Capsicum Frutescens Fruit Extract induced concentration-dependent (at 25 to 500 microg/ml) cytotoxicity in a human buccal mucosa fibroblast cell line.

Adenocarcinoma of the abdomen was observed in 7/20 mice fed 100 mg red chilies per day for 12 months; no tumors were seen in control animals.

Other feeding studies evaluated the effect of red chili peppers on the incidence of stomach tumors produced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, finding that red pepper had a promoting effect.

Capsaicin inhibits protein synthesis in Vero kidney cells and human neuroblastoma SHSY-5Y cells in vitro, and inhibits growth of E. coli, Pseudomonas solanacearum, and Bacillus subtilis bacterial cultures, but not Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

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(PMID = 17365137.001).

[ISSN] 1091-5818

[Journal-full-title] International journal of toxicology

[ISO-abbreviation] Int. J. Toxicol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Cosmetics; 0 / Plant Extracts; 0 / Resins, Plant; S07O44R1ZM / Capsaicin

[Number-of-references] 462

   

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[Title] CD95 and TRAF2 promote invasiveness of pancreatic cancer cells.

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma represents a tumor type with extremely poor prognosis.

High apoptosis resistance and a strong invasive and early metastatic potential contribute to its highly malignant phenotype.

Using immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis we found TRAF2 overexpressed in 34 of 36 pancreatic tumor samples as well as in pancreatic tumor cell lines resistant to CD95-mediated apoptosis.

Introduction of a TRAF2 expression vector in CD95-sensitive Colo357 cells resulted in (i) resistance to CD95-induced apoptosis;.

(ii) increased constitutive NF-kappaB and AP-1 activity; and (iii) higher basal secretion of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA), and IL-8, leading to increased invasiveness.

Stimulation of TRAF2-overexpressing cells with CD95 ligand led to induction of NF-kappaB and AP-1, enhanced IL-8- and uPA-secretion, and a further increased invasiveness.

[MeSH-major] Adenocarcinoma / pathology. Antigens, CD95 / physiology. Neoplasm Invasiveness. Pancreatic Neoplasms / pathology. TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 2 / physiology

[MeSH-minor] Apoptosis. Cell Line, Tumor. Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay. Gene Expression. Humans. In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence. Interleukin-8 / analysis. Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases / metabolism. NF-kappa B / physiology. Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction. Signal Transduction. Transfection. Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator / analysis

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(PMID = 15670977.001).

[ISSN] 1530-6860

[Journal-full-title] FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology

[ISO-abbreviation] FASEB J.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antigens, CD95; 0 / Interleukin-8; 0 / NF-kappa B; 0 / TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 2; EC 2.7.12.2 / Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases; EC 3.4.21.73 / Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator

   

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[Title] [Morphological parameters of prostatic adenocarcinoma].

The following histologic changes are associated with prostatic carcinomas. prostatic acini are close to one another and present with linear infiltrates in the fibromuscular tissue; cells lining the acini often consist of a single layer, and the basal cell layer is absent; prominent large eosinophilic nucleoli are usually present in malignant cells; nuclear hyperchromatism is rare and it depends on the quality of the tissue fixation; perineural invasion is often observed.

Immunohistochemistry is widely used in pathology and clinical diagnosis of prostatic carcinoma, metastases of prostatic origin in staging malignant tumors and in the prognosis.

[MeSH-major] Adenocarcinoma / pathology. Prostatic Neoplasms / pathology

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(PMID = 18666594.001).

[ISSN] 0025-8105

[Journal-full-title] Medicinski pregled

[ISO-abbreviation] Med. Pregl.

[Language] srp

[Publication-type] English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Serbia

   

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METHODS: Twenty-eight prostatic adenocarcinomas and 16 prostate hyperplasias were included in this retrospective study.

The M30 antibody was used to identify preapoptotic and apoptotic cells.

BAG-1 showed the same specific basal cell localization as BCL-2 in hyperplastic and normal glands.

BAG-1 in association with BCL-2 inhibits apoptosis and may prolong the life of neoplastic cells and give them a chance to gain new oncogenic features in early carcinogenesis.

[MeSH-major] Adenocarcinoma / chemistry. Biomarkers, Tumor / analysis. DNA-Binding Proteins / analysis. Prostatic Hyperplasia / metabolism. Prostatic Neoplasms / chemistry. Receptors, Androgen / analysis. Transcription Factors / analysis

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(PMID = 16457154.001).

[ISSN] 0300-8916

[Journal-full-title] Tumori

[ISO-abbreviation] Tumori

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / BCL2-associated athanogene 1 protein; 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / DNA-Binding Proteins; 0 / Receptors, Androgen; 0 / Transcription Factors

   

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Here, maspin expression was examined on tissue microarrays containing lung carcinoma (n=155) and adjacent noncancerous tissue (n=20) and also 4 lung carcinoma cell lines (LC-1/Sq, LC-IF, PC-14, and AoI) by immunohistochemistry.

Maspin expression showed positive nuclear staining in basal cells, LC-IF, and PC-14 cell lines, and also cytoplasmic immunoreactivity in secretory and ciliated cells, LC-1/Sq cell line.

Cytoplasmic staining was the lowest in adenocarcinoma (AD) and the highest in squamous cell carcinoma as compared with other types of lung carcinoma (P<0.05), and positively correlated with expression of p53 and caspase-3 (P<0.05).

The nuclear maspin expression gradually increased through squamous cell carcinoma, AD, large cell carcinoma to small cell carcinoma (P<0.05) and was also positively associated with the levels of vascular epithelial growth factor and extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer expression (P<0.05).

Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that the cytoplasmic or nuclear maspin expression was not a good prognostic marker for lung carcinomas overall (P>0.05), but the cytoplasmic pattern pointed to good survival for AD cases (P<0.05).

The cytoplasmic maspin may play an important role in lung carcinomas by regulating apoptosis and thus is a favorable prognostic marker for AD patients, whereas the nuclear location may be linked to promotion of angiogenesis.

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(PMID = 18665036.001).

[ISSN] 1533-4058

[Journal-full-title] Applied immunohistochemistry & molecular morphology : AIMM

[ISO-abbreviation] Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol.

[Language] ENG

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / SERPIN-B5; 0 / Serpins

   

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Commonly included in this group of cancers are Bowen's disease (intraepithelial squamous cell cancer), perianal Paget's disease (intraepithelial adenocarcinoma), invasive squamous cell cancer, basal cell cancer, and malignant melanoma.

Proper diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion on the part of the surgeon.

Innocent local irritations will resolve in a short time with appropriate therapy; those that persist must be biopsied for tissue diagnosis.

All have met with a fair amount of success in controlling local disease; however, the number of patients treated in each instance is small, making it difficult to design an evidence-based treatment strategy.

Invasion and metastasis are relatively rare in this group of neoplasms; perianal Paget's disease has the highest risk of associated underlying neoplasm.

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[Cites] Dis Colon Rectum. 2008 Dec;51(12):1842-5 [18584248.001]

[Cites] J Am Acad Dermatol. 2007 Aug;57(2 Suppl):S36-7 [17637368.001]

[Cites] Dermatol Surg. 2007 Apr;33(4):427-31; discussion 431-2 [17430376.001]

[Cites] Br J Dermatol. 2007 Jan;156(1):11-21 [17199561.001]

[Cites] Dermatol Surg. 2001 Jun;27(6):587-90 [11442599.001]

[Cites] Dis Colon Rectum. 1997 Oct;40(10):1187-94 [9336114.001]

[Cites] Br J Dermatol. 1995 Jun;132(6):970-2 [7662577.001]

[Cites] Dis Colon Rectum. 2003 May;46(5):612-6 [12792436.001]

[Cites] Dis Colon Rectum. 2004 Oct;47(10):1655-60; discussion 1660-1 [15540295.001]

(PMID = 20436838.001).

[ISSN] 1530-9681

[Journal-full-title] Clinics in colon and rectal surgery

[ISO-abbreviation] Clin Colon Rectal Surg

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2780245

[Keywords] NOTNLM ; Anal margin cancer / diagnosis / local excision / radiation therapy / treatment options

   

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RESULTS: There were 53 (17.8%) inflammatory conditions, 212 (71.4%) benign eyelid tumors and 32 (10.8%) malignant eyelid tumors.

These 32 malignant eyelid tumors included 13 sebaceous gland carcinomas, 12 basal cell carcinomas, 3 malignant melanomas, 2 squamous cell carcinomas, 1 apocrine adenocarcinoma and 1 metastatic carcinoma.

CONCLUSION: The majority of eyelid lesions were benign eyelid tumors while malignant eyelid tumors contributed 10.8% of the total eyelid lesions.

[MeSH-major] Carcinoma, Basal Cell / epidemiology. Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / epidemiology. Eyelid Neoplasms / epidemiology. Sebaceous Gland Neoplasms / epidemiology

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Adult. Age Distribution. Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Biopsy, Needle. Child. Child, Preschool. Female. Humans. Immunohistochemistry. Incidence. Male. Middle Aged. Neoplasm Staging. Prognosis. Retrospective Studies. Risk Assessment. Sex Distribution. Thailand / epidemiology

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(PMID = 16681045.001).

[ISSN] 0125-2208

[Journal-full-title] Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand = Chotmaihet thangphaet

[ISO-abbreviation] J Med Assoc Thai

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] Thailand

   

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[Title] Overexpression of transforming growth factor β1 in malignant prostate cells is partly caused by a runaway of TGF-β1 auto-induction mediated through a defective recruitment of protein phosphatase 2A by TGF-β type I receptor.

OBJECTIVES: To elucidate the mechanism of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 overexpression in prostate cancer cells.

METHODS: Malignant (PC3, DU145) and benign (RWPE1, BPH1) prostate epithelial cells were used.

Blockade of TGF-β1 signaling in cells was accomplished either by using TGF-β-neutralizing monoclonal antibody or by transduction of a dominant negative TGF-β type II receptor retroviral vector.

RESULTS: Basal levels of TGF-β1 in malignant cells were significantly higher than those in benign cells.

Blockade of TGF-β signaling resulted in a significant decrease in TGF-β1 expression in malignant cells, but not in benign cells.

Upon TGF-β1 treatment (10 ng/mL), TGF-β1 expression was increased in malignant cells, but not in benign cells.

This differential TGF-β1 auto-induction between benign and malignant cells correlated with differential activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK).

Following TGF-β1 treatment, the activity of serine/threonine phosphatase and recruitment of PP2A-Bα by TβRI increased in benign cells, but not in malignant cells.

Inhibition of PP2A in benign cells resulted in an increase in ERK activation and in TGF-β1 auto-induction after TGF-β1 (10 ng/mL) treatment.

CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that TGF-β1 overexpression in malignant cells is caused, at least in part, by a runaway of TGF-β1 auto-induction through ERK activation because of a defective recruitment of PP2A-Bα by TβRI.

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[Copyright] Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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(PMID = 21030067.001).

[ISSN] 1527-9995

[Journal-full-title] Urology

[ISO-abbreviation] Urology

[Language] ENG

[Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA090386-06A2; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / P50 CA090386; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / P50 CA090386-06A2; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / P50CA90386

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Neoplasm Proteins; 0 / PPP2R2A protein, human; 0 / RNA, Messenger; 0 / RNA, Neoplasm; 0 / Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta; 0 / Transforming Growth Factor beta1; EC 2.7.1.11 / TGF-beta type I receptor; EC 2.7.11.1 / Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases; EC 2.7.11.24 / Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; EC 2.7.11.24 / Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; EC 3.1.3.16 / Protein Phosphatase 2

[Other-IDs] NLM/ NIHMS194313; NLM/ PMC2997920

   

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This neoplasm is often located on the limbs.

The histopathological diagnosis is difficult, mainly because this tumour is exceptional.

The aggregations of neoplastic cells were interconnected and varied in size and shape.

The cells were arranged in solid nests or tubular structures.

In the lumina of tubules, some papillary protrusion of basophilic cells was seen.

The ductal elements were lined by cuboidal or cylindric cells with images of decapitation secretion.

The nuclei of the neoplastic cells were pleomorphic.

Differential diagnoses, including cutaneous metastasis of adenocarcinoma, adenoid basal cell carcinoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma, are discussed.

[MeSH-major] Adenocarcinoma / pathology. Apocrine Glands / pathology. Sweat Gland Neoplasms / pathology

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic / diagnosis. Carcinoma, Basal Cell / diagnosis. Diagnosis, Differential. Humans. Male. Treatment Outcome

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(PMID = 16115058.001).

[ISSN] 0303-6987

[Journal-full-title] Journal of cutaneous pathology

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Cutan. Pathol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Denmark

   

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[Title] Src activation of Stat3 is an independent requirement from NF-kappaB activation for constitutive IL-8 expression in human pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells.

Human pancreatic tumors often overexpress the angiogenesis-promoting factor Interleukin 8 (IL-8), in part due to overexpression of NF-kappaB, a frequent occurrence in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Pharmacologic inhibition of NF-kappaB activity significantly reduced basal IL-8 expression and tumor necrosis factor-induced IL-8 expression (P < 0.05 for both), yet NF-kappaB activity was not dependent on Src.

We therefore suggest that Src activation, through phosphorylation of STAT3, and NF-kappaB are all required for expression of IL-8 a critical angiogenic-promoting factor in pancreatic adenocarcinomas.

[MeSH-major] Adenocarcinoma / metabolism. Interleukin-8 / metabolism. NF-kappa B / metabolism. Pancreatic Neoplasms / metabolism. Proto-Oncogene Proteins pp60(c-src) / metabolism. STAT3 Transcription Factor / metabolism

[MeSH-minor] Cell Line, Tumor. Genes, Reporter. Humans. Immunohistochemistry. Luciferases / metabolism. Microscopy, Confocal. Phosphorylation. RNA, Small Interfering / metabolism

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(PMID = 16871430.001).

[ISSN] 0969-6970

[Journal-full-title] Angiogenesis

[ISO-abbreviation] Angiogenesis

[Language] eng

[Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / 2R01-1 CA65527; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / T32 CA 09599; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / U54 CA 090810-01

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

[Publication-country] Netherlands

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Interleukin-8; 0 / NF-kappa B; 0 / RNA, Small Interfering; 0 / STAT3 Transcription Factor; EC 1.13.12.- / Luciferases; EC 2.7.10.2 / Proto-Oncogene Proteins pp60(c-src)

   

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[Title] Role of CDK8 and beta-catenin in colorectal adenocarcinoma.

Colorectal adenocarcinoma is a major cause of morbidity and mortality.

CDK8 is a cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) member of the mediator complex that couples transcriptional regulators to the basal transcriptional machinery, and is implicated in the transcriptional regulation of key pathways involved in colon cancers.

To determine the relationship between CDK8 and beta-catenin expressions, a population-based study was conducted for immunohistochemical staining analysis of tumor tissues, and Western blot analysis and CDK8 interference studies of colon cancer cell lines.

However, beta-catenin expression was not completely suppressed by CDK8 interference in the colon cancer cell lines HCT-116, HT-29 and SNU-C5.

[MeSH-major] Adenocarcinoma / metabolism. Colorectal Neoplasms / metabolism. Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 8 / physiology. beta Catenin / physiology

[MeSH-minor] Case-Control Studies. Drug Evaluation, Preclinical. Female. HCT116 Cells. HT29 Cells. Humans. Male. Prognosis. RNA, Small Interfering / pharmacology. Survival Analysis. Tumor Cells, Cultured

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(PMID = 20514474.001).

[ISSN] 1791-2431

[Journal-full-title] Oncology reports

[ISO-abbreviation] Oncol. Rep.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Greece

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / RNA, Small Interfering; 0 / beta Catenin; EC 2.7.11.22 / CDK8 protein, human; EC 2.7.11.22 / Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 8

   

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[Title] Precursor lesions to prostatic adenocarcinoma.

High-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) is the one well-documented precursor to adenocarcinoma of the prostate.

Benign lesions that may be confused with high-grade PIN, including central zone histology, clear cell cribriform hyperplasia, and basal cell hyperplasia are described and illustrated.

High-grade PIN is also differentiated from invasive acinar (usual) and ductal adenocarcinoma.

[MeSH-major] Adenocarcinoma / pathology. Precancerous Conditions / pathology. Prostatic Neoplasms / pathology

[MeSH-minor] Diagnosis, Differential. Humans. Male. Prostatic Hyperplasia / diagnosis. Prostatic Hyperplasia / pathology. Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia / diagnosis. Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia / pathology. Risk Factors

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(PMID = 19048290.001).

[ISSN] 0945-6317

[Journal-full-title] Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology

[ISO-abbreviation] Virchows Arch.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Review

[Publication-country] Germany

[Number-of-references] 85

   

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BACKGROUND: Triple negative (TN) breast cancer is defined as a subtype that is negative for estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PgR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2).

Of these, the most prevalent (53.8%) was a hormone-responsive subtype with ER positive/PgR positive/HER2 negative, followed by TN subtype (15.5%).

RESULTS: The proportion of postmenopausal patients was relatively high in the TN subtype.

Morphologically, the TN subtype was more frequently classified as solid-tubular carcinoma.

Mucinous, tubular, or secretary carcinomas were frequently found in the hormone receptor positive/HER2 negative subtype, while squamous cell carcinoma, spindle cell carcinoma, and metaplastic carcinoma with bone/cartilage metaplasia were very frequently found in the TN group.

CONCLUSIONS: Although TN types are similar to basal-like breast tumor, as determined by gene profiling, their diagnosis needs verification by determination of the level of epidermal growth factor receptor or cytokeratin 5/6 expression.

[MeSH-minor] Adenocarcinoma / metabolism. Adenocarcinoma / pathology. Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous / metabolism. Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous / pathology. Adult. Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use. Biomarkers, Tumor / metabolism. Carcinoma / metabolism. Carcinoma / pathology. Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating / metabolism. Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating / pathology. Carcinoma, Lobular / metabolism. Carcinoma, Lobular / pathology. Female. Humans. Japan. Middle Aged. Prognosis. Receptor, ErbB-2 / metabolism. Registries. Societies, Medical / statistics & numerical data. Young Adult

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(PMID = 19466512.001).

[ISSN] 1880-4233

[Journal-full-title] Breast cancer (Tokyo, Japan)

[ISO-abbreviation] Breast Cancer

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Japan

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; 0 / Receptors, Estrogen; 0 / Receptors, Progesterone; EC 2.7.10.1 / Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor; EC 2.7.10.1 / Receptor, ErbB-2

   

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OBJECTIVE: To investigate and analyze the expression of fascin and CK14 in multiple histological types of cancer and to explore the potential value of the two proteins as markers in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of various cancer types.

METHODS: Tissue microarray containing esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), lung SCC, larynx SCC, uterine cervical SCC, SCC of external genital organs, lung adenocarcinoma, gastric adenocarcinoma, colorectal adenocarcinoma, heptocellular carcinoma, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, breast infiltrating ductal carcinoma, thyroid papillary carcinoma, uterine endometrioid adenocarcinoma, ovarian serous adenocarcinoma and renal clear cell carcinoma, 30 cases each, as well as corresponding normal controls was constructed.

RESULTS: In normal esophagus, bronchus, larynx, uterine cervix and skin, fascin was mainly expressed in the basal cells or reserve cells, but the expression was diffuse in esophageal SCC, lung SCC, larynx SCC, uterine cervical SCC and SCC of external genital organs, with a positive rate of 90.0%, 90.0%, 96.7%, 78.6% and 89.7%, respectively.

In lung adenocarcinoma, gastric adenocarcinoma, colorectal adenocarcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, breast infiltrating dutal adenocarcinoma, thyroid papillary carcinoma, uterine endometrioid adenocarcinoma, ovarian serous adenocarcinoma and renal clear cell carcinoma, the positive rates were 38.0%, 23.3%, 14.3%, 10.3%, 73.3%, 13.3%, 6.7%, 60.0%, 66.7% and 10.0%, respectively.

CK14 was mainly expressed in the basal cells, reserve cells or myoepithelia of normal tissues.

It was weak and focal in lung adenocarcinoma, gastric adenocarcinoma, colorectal adenocarcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, breast infiltrating dutal adenocarcinoma, thyroid papillary carcinoma, uterine endometrioid adenocarcinoma, ovarian serous adenocarcinoma, and renal clear cell carcinoma, with a positive rate of 13.3%, 13.3%, 20.7%, 41.4%, 46.7%, 6.7%, 40.0%, 13.3%, 20.0% and 6.7%, respectively.

Combination of fascin and CK14 should be a valuable marker in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of carcinoma.

[MeSH-major] Adenocarcinoma / metabolism. Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / metabolism. Carrier Proteins / metabolism. Keratin-14 / metabolism. Laryngeal Neoplasms / metabolism. Microfilament Proteins / metabolism

[MeSH-minor] Breast Neoplasms / metabolism. Breast Neoplasms / pathology. Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / metabolism. Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / pathology. Colorectal Neoplasms / metabolism. Colorectal Neoplasms / pathology. Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous / metabolism. Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous / pathology. Diagnosis, Differential. Esophageal Neoplasms / metabolism. Esophageal Neoplasms / pathology. Female. Humans. Liver Neoplasms / metabolism. Liver Neoplasms / pathology. Lung Neoplasms / metabolism. Lung Neoplasms / pathology. Male. Ovarian Neoplasms / metabolism. Ovarian Neoplasms / pathology. Stomach Neoplasms / metabolism. Stomach Neoplasms / pathology. Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / metabolism. Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / pathology

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(PMID = 21223690.001).

[ISSN] 0253-3766

[Journal-full-title] Zhonghua zhong liu za zhi [Chinese journal of oncology]

[ISO-abbreviation] Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi

[Language] chi

[Publication-type] English Abstract; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] China

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Carrier Proteins; 0 / Keratin-14; 0 / Microfilament Proteins; 146808-54-0 / fascin

   

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After stimulation of prostate epithelial cell proliferation by a sequential regimen of cyproterone acetate followed by testosterone propionate, male Wistar-Unilever rats received a single i.v. injection of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) followed by chronic androgen stimulation via subcutaneous implantation of testosterone pellets.

At 1 week post-MNU, groups of carcinogen-treated rats (39-44/group) were fed either a basal diet or a basal diet supplemented with l-selenomethionine (3 or 1.5 mg/kg diet; study 1), dl-alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E, 4,000 or 2,000 mg/kg diet; study 2), l-selenomethionine + vitamin E (3 + 2,000 mg/kg diet or 3 + 500 mg/kg diet; study 3), or selenized yeast (target selenium levels of 9 or 3 mg/kg diet; study 4).

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(PMID = 20145190.001).

[ISSN] 1940-6215

[Journal-full-title] Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.)

[ISO-abbreviation] Cancer Prev Res (Phila)

[Language] ENG

[Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CN / N01-CN-95113; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / P30 CA016087; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CN / N01 CN095113; United States / NIEHS NIH HHS / ES / P30-ES-00260; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CN / N01 CN065120; United States / NIEHS NIH HHS / ES / P30 ES000260; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / P30-CA-16087; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / N01 CN35566; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CN / CN35566-02; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CN / N01-CN-65120; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CN / N01 CN35566-02; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CN / N01-CN-35566-02

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Alkylating Agents; 0 / Androgens; 0 / Antioxidants; 0 / Selenium Compounds; 1406-18-4 / Vitamin E; 3XMK78S47O / Testosterone; 4KM2BN5JHF / Cyproterone Acetate; 684-93-5 / Methylnitrosourea; 964MRK2PEL / Selenomethionine; H4N855PNZ1 / alpha-Tocopherol

[Other-IDs] NLM/ NIHMS161245; NLM/ PMC2945242

   

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The 5 leading eyelid malignant tumors were basal cell carcinoma, sebaceous gland carcinoma, lymphoma, squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma.

The mean age at diagnosis was 61 years for basal cell carcinoma and sebaceous gland carcinoma, 57 years and 52 years for squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma, respectively, and 48 years for lymphoma.

There was no significant sex predilection in basal cell carcinoma and sebaceous gland carcinoma.

Melanoma and lymphoma occurred more commonly in women, whereas squamous cell carcinoma occurred more commonly in men.

CONCLUSIONS: Basal cell carcinoma and sebaceous gland carcinoma were the most common malignant eyelid tumors, and lymphoma ranked third and had an increasing trend.

The malignant tumors occurred predominantly in the elderly of 60 years and above.

[MeSH-major] Adenocarcinoma, Sebaceous / pathology. Carcinoma, Basal Cell / pathology. Eyelid Neoplasms / pathology. Lymphoma / pathology

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(PMID = 18510241.001).

[ISSN] 0412-4081

[Journal-full-title] [Zhonghua yan ke za zhi] Chinese journal of ophthalmology

[ISO-abbreviation] Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi

[Language] chi

[Publication-type] English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] China

   

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[Title] Malignant salivary gland tumors and cyclo-oxygenase-2: a histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis with implications on histogenesis.

The classification system for malignant salivary gland tumors (MST) is largely dependent on its histogenesis.

The histogenesis is uncertain but the "bicellular theory of origin" has been accepted by most and states that malignant transformation of reserve cells from either the intercalated or excretory duct are responsible for the development of MST.

Fifty six primary major and minor gland MST were stained with anti-cox-2 antibody and rated with a combined score that added a scale of intensity to the percentage of tumor cells that overexpressed the cox-2 protein.

Strong cox-2 overexpression was noted in all MST of proposed excretory duct origin: salivary duct carcinoma (100%), mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) (92%), and adenocarcinoma nos (AdC nos) (83%).

Primary squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) was the exception.

Negative expression was noted in all tumors of proposed intercalated duct origin (adenoid cystic carcinoma, basal cell adenocarcinoma and acinic cell carcinoma) with the exception of one case of polymorphous low grade adenocarcinoma.

Strong cox-2 overexpression was noted in the epidermoid cells of MEC, abluminal duct cells surrounding the duct-like structures and ductal cells of AdC nos and salivary duct carcinoma.

Myoepithelial and acinar cells were unreactive.

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(PMID = 19729335.001).

[ISSN] 1879-0593

[Journal-full-title] Oral oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] Oral Oncol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers, Tumor; EC 1.14.99.1 / Cyclooxygenase 2

   

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Examination of normal lung tissue and tumors from 51 Gprc5a(+/+) (adenoma incidence, 9.8%; adenocarcinoma, 0%) and 38 Gprc5a(-/-) mice (adenoma, 63%; adenocarcinoma, 21%) revealed macrophage infiltration into lungs of 45% of the Gprc5a(-/-) mice and 8% of Gprc5a(+/+) mice and the direct association of macrophages with 42% of adenomas and 88% of adenocarcinomas in the knockout mice.

Studies with epithelial cells cultured from tracheas of Gprc5a(-/-) and Gprc5a(+/+) mice revealed that Gprc5a loss is associated with increased cell proliferation, resistance to cell death in suspension, and increased basal, tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced, and lipopolysaccharide-induced NF-kappaB activation, which were reversed partially in Gprc5a(-/-) adenocarcinoma cells by reexpression of Gprc5a.

Compared with Gprc5a(+/+) cells, the Gprc5a(-/-) cells produced higher levels of chemokines and cytokines and their conditioned medium induced more extensive macrophage migration.

Silencing Gprc5a and the p65 subunit of NF-kappaB in Gprc5a(+/+) and Gprc5a(-/-) cells, respectively, reversed these effects.

Thus, Gprc5a loss enhances NF-kappaB activation in lung epithelial cells, leading to increased autocrine and paracrine interactions, cell autonomy, and enhanced inflammation, which may synergize in the creation of a tumor-promoting microenvironment.

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Guide to Pharmacology. gene/protein/disease-specific - Class C Orphans - overview and references .

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[Copyright] (c) 2010 AACR.

[CommentIn] Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2010 Apr;3(4):403-5 [20354166.001]

(PMID = 20354164.001).

[ISSN] 1940-6215

[Journal-full-title] Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.)

[ISO-abbreviation] Cancer Prev Res (Phila)

[Language] ENG

[Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / P30 CA016672; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / P30 CA16672

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / NF-kappa B; 0 / RNA, Messenger; 0 / RNA, Small Interfering; 0 / Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled

   

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MATERIALS AND METHODS: DeltaNp63 protein expression was studied in a variety of 127 cases of uterine cervical lesions (20 non-neoplastic cervices, 43 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia [CIN], 54 squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs), 40 adenocarcinomas, and 13 other histologic types) and 30 endometrioid type of endometrial adenocarcinomas by using immunohistochemistry.

One SCC cell line (ME-180) and one adenocarcinoma cell line (HeLa) were also included.

RESULTS: In uterine cervix, the expression of DeltaNp63 was increased with progression of CIN, and positive in all SCCs, transitional cell carcinomas, and adenoid basal carcinoma, but negative in all adenocarcinomas.

Adenosquamous cell carcinoma and mixed neuroendocrine and squamous cell carcinoma were positive in squamous component, but not in adenocarcinoma and neuroendocrine carcinoma components.

ME-180 cell line was positive, whereas HeLa cell line was negative.

Endometrioid type of endometrial adenocarcinomas showed a positive staining in glandular (26.7%) and squamous component.

[MeSH-major] Adenocarcinoma / metabolism. Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / metabolism. DNA-Binding Proteins / biosynthesis. Endometrial Neoplasms / metabolism. Trans-Activators / biosynthesis. Tumor Suppressor Proteins / biosynthesis. Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / metabolism

[MeSH-minor] Antigens, Differentiation / biosynthesis. Cell Line, Tumor. Cervix Uteri / cytology. Cervix Uteri / metabolism. Female. HeLa Cells. Humans. Immunohistochemistry. Transcription Factors

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International Agency for Research on Cancer - Screening Group. diagnostics - Histopathology and cytopathology of the uterine cervix - digital atlas .

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[Cites] Gynecol Oncol. 2001 Jan;80(1):24-9 [11136565.001]

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(PMID = 16804722.001).

[ISSN] 0171-5216

[Journal-full-title] Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Germany

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antigens, Differentiation; 0 / DNA-Binding Proteins; 0 / TP63 protein, human; 0 / Trans-Activators; 0 / Transcription Factors; 0 / Tumor Suppressor Proteins

   

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[Title] Modification of alternative splicing of Mcl-1 pre-mRNA using antisense morpholino oligonucleotides induces apoptosis in basal cell carcinoma cells.

Myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1, Mcl-1L) is an anti-apoptotic protein of the Bcl-2 family that acts as a critical molecule in apoptosis control.

In this study, we found an imbalance between the expression levels of Mcl-1L and Mcl-1S in the skin basal cell carcinoma (BCC) cell line when compared with primary keratinocytes.

We showed that overexpression of Mcl-1S induces apoptosis in BCC cells.

This shift increases the level of pro-apoptotic Mcl-1S and reduces the level of anti-apoptotic Mcl-1L, which induces apoptosis in BCC cells and AGS cells, a human gastric adenocarcinoma epithelial cell line.

[MeSH-major] Alternative Splicing / drug effects. Apoptosis / drug effects. Carcinoma, Basal Cell / pathology. Oligonucleotides, Antisense / pharmacology. Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / genetics. RNA, Messenger / genetics. Skin Neoplasms / pathology

[MeSH-minor] Adenocarcinoma / metabolism. Adenocarcinoma / pathology. Cell Line, Tumor. Humans. Keratinocytes / metabolism. Keratinocytes / pathology. Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein. Stomach Neoplasms / metabolism. Stomach Neoplasms / pathology

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(PMID = 19369967.001).

[ISSN] 1523-1747

[Journal-full-title] The Journal of investigative dermatology

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Invest. Dermatol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein; 0 / Oligonucleotides, Antisense; 0 / Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; 0 / RNA, Messenger

   

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[Title] [Effects of ICI182780 (Faslodex) on proliferation and apoptosis induced by 17beta-estradiol in endometrial carcinoma cells].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the influence of estrogen receptor, ICI182780, on proleferation, cell cycle progression and apoptosis in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive and ER-poor endometrial carcinoma cells and to explore the possible preliminary value of ICI182780 treating endometrial carcinoma.

METHODS: The effects of ICI182780 on proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle distribution of endometrial cancer cells costimulated with 10(-6) mol/L E2 was detected by monotetrazolium (MTT) assay and fluorescence-activated cell sorting technique.

Cell cycle distribution analysis revealed that percentage of Ishikawa cells at G0-G1 phase decreased and percentage at S phase increased significantly, whereas that of HEC-1A cells did not show significant alteration.

In cotreatment of endometrial cancer cells with ICI182780, values of OD 570 nm and numbers of apoptotic cells of Ishikawa cells decreased to basal levels, G0-G1 phase proportion increased, percentage of S phase increased in a time or time-dependent manner.

But there was no such alteration in HEC-1A cells.

CONCLUSION: The specific ER antagonist, ICI182780, can inhibit Ishikawa cell propagation induced by E2, make cells apoptosis and block Ishikawa cells at the G1/S transition.

[MeSH-major] Apoptosis / drug effects. Cell Proliferation / drug effects. Estradiol / analogs & derivatives. Estradiol / pharmacology

[MeSH-minor] Adenocarcinoma / pathology. Adenocarcinoma / physiopathology. Cell Cycle / drug effects. Cell Line, Tumor. Cell Survival / drug effects. Dose-Response Relationship, Drug. Endometrial Neoplasms / pathology. Endometrial Neoplasms / physiopathology. Estrogen Antagonists / pharmacology. Female. Flow Cytometry. Humans

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(PMID = 17068616.001).

[ISSN] 1671-167X

[Journal-full-title] Beijing da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Peking University. Health sciences

[ISO-abbreviation] Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao

[Language] chi

[Publication-type] English Abstract; Journal Article

[Publication-country] China

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Estrogen Antagonists; 22X328QOC4 / fulvestrant; 4TI98Z838E / Estradiol

   

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[Title] Inflammation-associated gene expression is altered between normal human ovarian surface epithelial cells and cell lines derived from ovarian adenocarcinomas.

The process of ovulation is synonymous with inflammation and inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1alpha (IL-1alpha) have recently been shown to induce both inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses in human OSE (HOSE) cells.

In this study we directly compared levels of IL-1alpha-induced gene expression by analysing the levels of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11betaHSD) types 1 (11betaHSD-1) and 2 (11betaHSD-2), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), IL-1 receptor (IL-1R) and glucocorticoid receptor alpha (GRalpha) mRNA between normal HOSE cells and cell lines derived from poorly differentiated (SKOV-3, BG-1, PEO-4) and well-differentiated (PEO-14) ovarian adenocarcinoma.

In HOSE cell cultures, and to a lesser extent PEO-14 cells, the basal mRNA levels of COX-2 and 11betaHSD-1 were relatively high and further shown to be induced in response to IL-1alpha (for HOSE cells; >20-fold, P<0.05 and PEO-14 cells; >3fold, P<0.05).

However, whereas HOSE cells expressed a low level of 11betaHSD-2 mRNA that was only mildly responsive to IL-1alpha (1.3-fold, P<0.001), all cell lines exhibited a higher basal level of 11betaHSD-2 mRNA that was in some cases further stimulated in PEO-4 cells (five-fold; P<0.05) or suppressed in SKOV-3 cells (two-fold; P<0.01) in response to IL-1alpha.

All cells tested expressed IL-1R and, with the exception of BG-1, GRalpha.

These results indicate that cell lines derived from ovarian cancers have lost the ability to respond normally to inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1alpha.

The finding that normal OSE cells, in contrast to cell lines derived from patients with ovarian adenocarcinoma, abundantly express 11betaHSD-1 mRNA but are essentially devoid of 11betaHSD-2 mRNA supports the concept that the pattern of 11betaHSD isoform gene expression is a defining feature of neoplastic cellular transformation, which might have particular relevance to the ovary.

[MeSH-major] Adenocarcinoma / genetics. Adenocarcinoma / immunology. Cytokines / biosynthesis. Cytokines / genetics. Gene Expression Regulation. Inflammation. Ovarian Neoplasms / genetics. Ovarian Neoplasms / immunology

[MeSH-minor] 11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases / biosynthesis. Cell Differentiation. Cell Transformation, Neoplastic. Cyclooxygenase 2. Epithelial Cells. Female. Humans. Interleukin-1 / pharmacology. Membrane Proteins. Ovulation. Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / biosynthesis. Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

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(PMID = 15870720.001).

[ISSN] 0007-0920

[Journal-full-title] British journal of cancer

[ISO-abbreviation] Br. J. Cancer

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Cytokines; 0 / Interleukin-1; 0 / Membrane Proteins; EC 1.1.1.146 / 11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases; EC 1.14.99.1 / Cyclooxygenase 2; EC 1.14.99.1 / PTGS2 protein, human; EC 1.14.99.1 / Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2361768