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: Effective gene therapy for β-thalassemia major (β-TM) requires consistent, high expression of human β-globin (hβ-globin) in red blood cells (RBCs).

Several groups have now shown that lentiviral (LV) vectors stably transmit the hβ/hγ-globin genes and large elements of the locus control region, resulting in correction of the murine thalassemia intermedia (TI) phenotype and survival of mice with the TM phenotype.

We observed a consistent twofold-higher hβ expression from insulated vectors in single-copy mouse erythroleukemia cell clones, an increase that resulted from reduced position effect variegation (PEV) and increased probability of expression from individual integrants.

These studies have important implications for vector design for clinical trials for gene therapy for hemoglobinopathies.

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[Copyright] Copyright © 2007 The American Society of Gene Therapy. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

(PMID = 28182916.001).

[ISSN] 1525-0024

[Journal-full-title] Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy

[ISO-abbreviation] Mol. Ther.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Effect of PEL exopolysaccharide on the wspF mutant phenotypes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14.

Here, we characterized the role of cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) and EPS (PEL) overproduction in the wspF mutant phenotypes of P. aeruginosa PA14 (wrinkly appearance, hyperadherence, impaired motilities, and reduced virulence in acute infections).

We confirmed that the elevated c-di-GMP level plays a key role in all the wspF mutant phenotypes listed above, as assessed by ectopic expression of a c-di-GMP-degrading phophodiesterase (PvrR) in the wspF mutant.

In contrast, PEL EPS, which is overproduced in the wspF mutant, was necessary for wrinkly appearance and hyperadherence, but not for the impaired flagellar motilities and the attenuated virulence of the wspF mutant.

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(PMID = 18667850.001).

[ISSN] 1017-7825

[Journal-full-title] Journal of microbiology and biotechnology

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Microbiol. Biotechnol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Korea (South)

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Bacterial Proteins; 0 / Polysaccharides, Bacterial; 61093-23-0 / bis(3',5')-cyclic diguanylic acid; EC 3.1.- / Esterases; H2D2X058MU / Cyclic GMP

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Cysteine residues in the large extracellular loop (EC2) are essential for the function of the stress-regulated glycoprotein M6a.

Gpm6a was identified as a stress-responsive gene in the hippocampal formation.

This gene is down-regulated in the hippocampus of both socially and physically stressed animals, and this effect can be reversed by antidepressant treatment.

Previously we showed that the stress-regulated protein M6a is a key modulator for neurite outgrowth and filopodium/spine formation.

In the present work, mutational analysis was used to characterize the action of M6a at the molecular level.

The presence of cysteines 162 and 202 is essential for the efficient cell surface expression of the M6a protein.

In contrast, cysteines 174 and 192, which form a disulfide bridge as shown by biochemical analysis, are not required for the efficient surface expression of M6a.

Their mutation to alanine does not interfere with the localization of M6a to filopodial protrusions in primary hippocampal neurons.

In non-permeabilized cells, these mutant proteins are not recognized by a function-blocking monoclonal antibody directed to M6a.

Taken together, this study demonstrates that cysteines in the EC2 domain are critical for the role of M6a in filopodium outgrowth and synaptogenesis.

Gene Ontology. gene/protein/disease-specific - Gene Ontology annotations from this paper .

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(PMID = 19737934.001).

[ISSN] 1083-351X

[Journal-full-title] The Journal of biological chemistry

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Biol. Chem.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Gpm6a protein, rat; 0 / Membrane Glycoproteins; 0 / Nerve Tissue Proteins; K848JZ4886 / Cysteine

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2797278

   

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[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] M6a is expressed in the murine neural retina and regulates neurite extension.

PURPOSE: Glycoprotein m6a (M6a) is a cell-surface glycoprotein that belongs to the myelin proteolipid protein family.

M6a is expressed mainly in the nervous system, and its expression and function in mammalian retina have not been described.

Using proteomics analysis of mouse retinal membrane fractions, we identified M6a as a retinal membrane protein that is strongly expressed at embryonic stages.

Our aim was to reveal the function of M6a in development of mouse retina in this work.

METHODS: Detailed expression pattern of M6a was examined by immunostaining using frozen sections of mouse retina obtained at various developmental stages.

For functional analysis of M6a in mouse retinal development, we performed retorovirus-mediated overexpression of M6a in mouse retinal explant culture.

RESULTS: M6a transcripts were strongly expressed in embryonic retina.

After completion of retinal differentiation, the level of expression decreased as mouse development progressed.

Immunohistochemistry showed that in the immature mouse retina, M6a was strongly expressed in the axons of retinal ganglion cells.

After birth, M6a expression was confined to the inner plexiform layer, and finally, to the inner and outer plexiform layers of adult mouse retina.

M6a expression was completely paralleled by that of the synaptic marker, synaptophysin.

Mouse retinal progenitor cells that overexpressed M6a following retrovirus-mediated gene transfer were subjected to in vitro explant or monolayer cultures.

The neurite outgrowth of M6a-overexpressing retinal cells was strikingly enhanced, although M6a did not affect differentiation and proliferation.

CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that M6a plays a role in retinal development by regulating neurites, and it may also function to modulate synaptic activities in the adult retina.

[MeSH-minor] Animals. Biomarkers / metabolism. Cell Differentiation. Cell Lineage. Cell Proliferation. Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental. Mice. Mice, Inbred ICR. Mitosis. Protein Transport. Stem Cells / cytology. Stem Cells / metabolism. Synapses / metabolism

Gene Ontology. gene/protein/disease-specific - Gene Ontology annotations from this paper .

KOMP Repository. gene/protein/disease-specific - KOMP Repository (subscription/membership/fee required).

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(PMID = 18776950.001).

[ISSN] 1090-0535

[Journal-full-title] Molecular vision

[ISO-abbreviation] Mol. Vis.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Biomarkers; 0 / Gpm6a protein, mouse; 0 / Membrane Glycoproteins; 0 / Nerve Tissue Proteins

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2529470

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] An acute myeloid leukemia M6b blast crisis with giant proerythroblasts in chronic myeloid leukemia.

The case of a 12 yr old female with bcr-abl positive chronic myeloid leukemia who subsequently developed a fatal AML-M6b (pure erythroleukemia) blast crisis is presented.

The case is unique for its rarity of occurrence and for the striking resemblance that the circulating proerythroblasts showed to the giant cells characteristically seen in Parvovirus B19-induced acute pure red cell aplasia.

This is, to the best of our knowledge, the first description of such cells in a blast crisis of chronic myeloid leukemia.

[MeSH-major] Blast Crisis / pathology. Erythroblasts / pathology. Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute / pathology. Neoplasms, Multiple Primary / pathology

Genetic Alliance. consumer health - Chronic Myeloid Leukemia.

Genetic Alliance. consumer health - Leukemia, Myeloid.

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(PMID = 19262253.001).

[ISSN] 1536-3678

[Journal-full-title] Journal of pediatric hematology/oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Pediatr. Hematol. Oncol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antineoplastic Agents; X6Q56QN5QC / Hydroxyurea

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Membrane glycoprotein M6A promotes mu-opioid receptor endocytosis and facilitates receptor sorting into the recycling pathway.

The interaction of mu-opioid receptor (MOPr) with the neuronal membrane glycoprotein M6a is known to facilitate MOPr endocytosis in human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells.

To further study the role of M6a in the post-endocytotic sorting of MOPr, we investigated the agonist-induced co-internalization of MOPr and M6a and protein targeting after internalization in HEK293 cells that co-expressed HA-tagged MOPr and Myc-tagged M6a.

We found that M6a, MOPr, and Rab 11, a marker for recycling endosomes, co-localized in endocytotic vesicles, indicating that MOPr and M6a are primarily targeted to recycling endosomes after endocytosis.

Furthermore, co-expression of M6a augmented the post-endocytotic sorting of delta-opioid receptors into the recycling pathway, indicating that M6a might have a more general role in opioid receptor post-endocytotic sorting.

The enhanced post-endocytotic sorting of MOPr into the recycling pathway was accompanied by a decrease in agonist-induced receptor down-regulation of M6a in co-expressing cells.

We tested the physiological relevance of these findings in primary cultures of cortical neurons and found that co-expression of M6a markedly increased the translocation of MOPrs from the plasma membrane to intracellular vesicles at steady state and significantly enhanced both constitutive and agonist-induced receptor endocytosis.

In conclusion, our results strongly indicate that M6a modulates MOPr endocytosis and post-endocytotic sorting and has an important role in receptor regulation.

NCI CPTC Antibody Characterization Program. NCI CPTC Antibody Characterization Program .

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(PMID = 18574501.001).

[ISSN] 1748-7838

[Journal-full-title] Cell research

[ISO-abbreviation] Cell Res.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] China

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Membrane Glycoproteins; 0 / OPRM1 protein, human; 0 / Receptors, Opioid, mu; EC 2.1.1.- / Methyltransferases; EC 2.1.1.62 / METTL3 protein, human; EC 3.6.1.- / rab GTP-Binding Proteins; EC 3.6.1.- / rab11 protein

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] [Professor Pel and 'glandular fever'].

[Transliterated title] Professor Pel en 'klierkoorts'.

Pieter Klaesz Pel (1852-1919) was professor of internal medicine at the University of Amsterdam, for more than 35 years.

It is contested whether the patients in question had Hodgkin's disease.

[MeSH-major] Hodgkin Disease / history

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(PMID = 20051175.001).

[ISSN] 1876-8784

[Journal-full-title] Nederlands tijdschrift voor geneeskunde

[ISO-abbreviation] Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd

[Language] dut

[Publication-type] Biography; English Abstract; Historical Article; Journal Article; Portraits

[Publication-country] Netherlands

[Personal-name-as-subject] Pel PK

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Expression of the axonal membrane glycoprotein M6a is regulated by chronic stress.

The present study shows that chronic stress also regulates expression of M6a, a glycoprotein which is localised in axonal membranes.

We have previously demonstrated that M6a is a component of glutamatergic axons.

The present data reveal that it is the splice variant M6a-Ib, not M6a-Ia, which is strongly expressed in the brain.

Chronic stress in male rats (3 weeks daily restraint) has regional effects: quantitative in situ hybridization demonstrated that M6a-Ib mRNA in dentate gyrus granule neurons and in CA3 pyramidal neurons is downregulated, whereas M6a-Ib mRNA in the medial prefrontal cortex is upregulated by chronic stress.

Enhanced M6a-Ib expression in the medial prefrontal cortex (in areas prelimbic and infralimbic cortex) might be interpreted as a compensatory mechanism in response to changes in axonal projections from the hippocampus.

[MeSH-major] Axons / metabolism. Brain / metabolism. Gene Expression Regulation. Membrane Glycoproteins / genetics. Nerve Tissue Proteins / genetics. Stress, Physiological / physiology

[MeSH-minor] Animals. Down-Regulation. Gene Expression. In Situ Hybridization. Kidney / metabolism. Male. Neurons / metabolism. Protein Isoforms. RNA, Messenger / metabolism. Rats. Rats, Sprague-Dawley. Restraint, Physical

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(PMID = 19180239.001).

[ISSN] 1932-6203

[Journal-full-title] PloS one

[ISO-abbreviation] PLoS ONE

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Gpm6a protein, rat; 0 / Membrane Glycoproteins; 0 / Nerve Tissue Proteins; 0 / Protein Isoforms; 0 / RNA, Messenger

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2629568

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] First case of bacteremia due to chromosome-encoded CfxA3-beta-lactamase-producing Capnocytophaga sputigena in a pediatric patient with acute erythroblastic leukemia.

Bacteremia due to Capnocytophaga sputigena occurred in a 4-year and 9-month-old Japanese girl patient with acute erythroblastic leukemia in Shinshu University Hospital, Japan.

The causative Capnocytophaga sputigena isolate was found to be a beta-lactamase-producer demonstrating to possess cfxA3 gene.

The gene responsible for the production of CfxA3-beta-lactamase was proved to be chromosome-encoded, by means of southern hybridization analysis.

[MeSH-major] Bacteremia / microbiology. Capnocytophaga / isolation & purification. Chromosomes, Bacterial. Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute / complications. beta-Lactamases / biosynthesis

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(PMID = 18499560.001).

[ISSN] 0949-2321

[Journal-full-title] European journal of medical research

[ISO-abbreviation] Eur. J. Med. Res.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Germany

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Anti-Bacterial Agents; EC 3.5.2.6 / beta-Lactamases

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Clinicopathological characteristics of erythroblast-rich RAEB and AML M6a in children.

The distinction between RAEB, RAEB-T and AML M6a is difficult when erythroblasts in the bone marrow (BM) exceed 50%.

We analyzed 19 children (2 RAEB, 13 RAEB-T and 4 AML M6a) enrolled in a prospective pathological central review in Japan and divided them into two groups according to the myeloblasts percentage among non-erythroid cells in BM: group A (n = 8), 5-19% myeloblasts; group B (n = 11), 20% or more myeloblasts.

Six with group A and seven with group B treated with AML type chemotherapy achieved complete remission.

Five with group A and seven with group B undergoing SCT are alive at a median of 3 years after diagnosis.

Erythroblast-rich RAEB and AML M6a in children have similar characteristics and may belong to a single disease entity.

[MeSH-major] Anemia, Refractory, with Excess of Blasts / pathology. Erythroblasts / pathology. Granulocyte Precursor Cells / pathology. Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / pathology

[MeSH-minor] Adolescent. Child. Child, Preschool. Female. Humans. Infant. Japan. Leukocyte Count. Male. Prospective Studies. Remission Induction. Stem Cell Transplantation. Time Factors. Transplantation, Homologous

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(PMID = 18951200.001).

[ISSN] 1865-3774

[Journal-full-title] International journal of hematology

[ISO-abbreviation] Int. J. Hematol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Multicenter Study

[Publication-country] United States

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Glycoprotein M6a is present in glutamatergic axons in adult rat forebrain and cerebellum.

Glycoprotein M6a is a neuronally expressed member of the proteolipid protein (PLP) family of tetraspans.

In vitro studies suggested a potential role in neurite outgrowth and spine formation and previous investigations have identified M6a as a stress-regulated gene.

To investigate whether the distribution of M6a correlates with neuronal structures susceptible to alterations in response to stress, we localized M6a expression in neurons of hippocampal formation, prefrontal cortex and cerebellum using in situ hybridization and confocal immunofluorescence microscopy.

In situ hybridization confirmed that M6a is expressed in dentate gyrus and cerebellar granule neurons and in hippocampal and cortical pyramidal neurons.

Confocal microscopy localized M6a immunoreactivity to distinct sites within axonal membranes, but not in dendrites or neuronal somata.

Moreover, M6a colocalized with synaptic markers of glutamatergic, but not GABAergic nerve terminals.

M6a expression in the adult brain is particularly strong in unmyelinated axonal fibers, i.e. cerebellar parallel and hippocampal mossy fibers.

In contrast, myelinated axons exhibit only minimal M6a immunoreactivity localized exclusively to terminal regions.

The present neuroanatomical data demonstrate that M6a is an axonal component of glutamatergic neurons and that it is localized to distinct sites of the axonal plasma membrane of pyramidal and granule cells.

[MeSH-minor] Animals. Fluorescent Antibody Technique. Gene Expression. Glutamine. In Situ Hybridization. Male. Microscopy, Confocal. RNA, Messenger / analysis. Rats. Rats, Sprague-Dawley. Vesicular Glutamate Transport Proteins / metabolism

Hazardous Substances Data Bank. Glutamine .

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(PMID = 18241840.001).

[ISSN] 0006-8993

[Journal-full-title] Brain research

[ISO-abbreviation] Brain Res.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] Netherlands

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Membrane Glycoproteins; 0 / Nerve Tissue Proteins; 0 / RNA, Messenger; 0 / Vesicular Glutamate Transport Proteins; 0RH81L854J / Glutamine

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Filopodial protrusions induced by glycoprotein M6a exhibit high motility and aids synapse formation.

M6a is a neuronal membrane glycoprotein whose expression diminishes during chronic stress.

M6a overexpression in rat primary hippocampal neurons induces the formation of filopodial protrusions that could be spine precursors.

As the filopodium and spine motility has been associated with synaptogenesis, we analysed the motility of M6a-induced protrusions by time-lapse imaging.

Our data demonstrate that the motile protrusions formed by the neurons overexpressing M6a were more abundant and moved faster than those formed in control cells.

When different putative M6a phosphorylation sites were mutated, the neurons transfected with a mutant lacking intracellular phosphorylation sites bore filopodia, but these protrusions did not move as fast as those formed by cells overexpressing wild-type M6a.

This suggests a role for M6a phosphorylation state in filopodium motility.

Furthermore, we show that M6a-induced protrusions could be stabilized upon contact with presynaptic region.

The behavior of filopodia from M6a-overexpressing cells and control cells was alike.

Thus, M6a-induced protrusions may be spine precursors that move to reach presynaptic membrane.

We suggest that M6a is a key molecule for spine formation during development.

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(PMID = 20074218.001).

[ISSN] 1460-9568

[Journal-full-title] The European journal of neuroscience

[ISO-abbreviation] Eur. J. Neurosci.

[Language] eng

[Grant] United States / Howard Hughes Medical Institute / /

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] France

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Gpm6a protein, rat; 0 / Membrane Glycoproteins; 0 / Nerve Tissue Proteins; 0 / Recombinant Fusion Proteins

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

: e14592 Background: During the process of malignant transformation, the tumor cell adopts a new form of metabolism, characterized by aerobic glycolysis and altered TCA cycle flux, that enable it to meet the energetic and biosynthetic demands of proliferation.

METHODS: We have characterized the proliferative and metabolic effects of phenformin, a member of the biguanide family of compounds used in the treatment of diabetes, on the bcr-abl expressing K562 erythroleukemia cell line, and compared the resulting phenotype to those of imatinib and rapamycin, two targeted agents used in the treatment of malignant disease.

Phenformin treatment eliminated the mitochondrial contribution to anabolic metabolism, through inhibition of Complex I of the Electron Transport Chain, as demonstrated by reduced oxygen consumption and intracellular ATP levels.

CONCLUSIONS: Our results confirm the importance of metabolism to the proliferation of malignant cells, thereby validating anabolic metabolism's potential for therapeutic intervention.

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(PMID = 27963742.001).

[ISSN] 1527-7755

[Journal-full-title] Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Clin. Oncol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Characterization of AZD8931, a potent reversible small molecule inhibitor against epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 2 (HER2) and 3 (HER3) with a unique and balanced pharmacological profile.

Characterization of a novel tyrosine kinase inhibitor with a potent and balanced profile against EGFR, HER2 (erbB2), and HER3 (erbB3) has been carried out.

These assays have provided unique insights into the pharmacology of these drugs that result from the varying levels of HER and their associated ligands.

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(PMID = 27963188.001).

[ISSN] 1527-7755

[Journal-full-title] Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Clin. Oncol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Developmental expression and molecular analysis of two Meloidogyne incognita pectate lyase genes.

Two cDNAs (designated Mi-pel-1 and Mi-pel-2) encoding pectate lyases were isolated from the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, oesophageal gland-cell subtractive cDNA libraries, and the corresponding genomic DNAs were subsequently cloned.

Southern blot analyses revealed that homologues to these pectate lyase genes were broadly distributed in Meloidogyne species, and present as members of a small multigene family.

Mi-pel-1 and Mi-pel-2 encoded, respectively, predicted proteins of 271 and 280 amino acids, each of which was preceded by a signal peptide for secretion.

Interestingly, these pectate lyases showed diversity at the amino acid level, with only 31% identity and 49% similarity.

These pectate lyases were classified into the same family of pectate lyases with those of other phytoparasitic nematodes that contain four conserved regions characteristic of the class III pectate lyases of microbes.

In situ mRNA hybridisation analyses showed the transcripts of Mi-pel-1 and Mi-pel-2 accumulated exclusively within the subventral oesophageal gland cells of M. incognita.

These results indicated that these pectate lyases, like cellulases, could be secreted into plant tissues to facilitate the penetration and intercellular migration of M. incognita during the early stages of plant parasitism.

[MeSH-major] Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / genetics. Polysaccharide-Lyases / genetics. Tylenchoidea / genetics

[MeSH-minor] Amino Acid Sequence. Animals. Base Sequence. Blotting, Southern / methods. Cloning, Molecular / methods. DNA, Circular / genetics. DNA, Helminth / genetics. Genes, Helminth / genetics. In Situ Hybridization / methods. Molecular Sequence Data. Phylogeny. Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / methods

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(PMID = 15862581.001).

[ISSN] 0020-7519

[Journal-full-title] International journal for parasitology

[ISO-abbreviation] Int. J. Parasitol.

[Language] eng

[Databank-accession-numbers] GENBANK/ AF527788/ AY327873/ AY515702/ AY515703

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / DNA, Circular; 0 / DNA, Helminth; EC 4.2.2.- / Polysaccharide-Lyases; EC 4.2.2.2 / pectate lyase

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Membrane glycoprotein M6B interacts with the human serotonin transporter.

In the present study, using the yeast two-hybrid system, we identified the membrane glycoprotein M6B as a binding partner of SERT.

M6B belongs to a proteolipid protein family, which is expressed in neurons and in oligodendrocytes in the brain.

The co-expression of SERT with M6B results in a significant decrease in SERT-mediated serotonin uptake caused by a down-regulation of SERT surface expression.

Furthermore, we find, using confocal microscopy, that M6B co-localizes with SERT when transiently expressed in HEK-MSR-293 cells and when endogenously expressed in RN46A cells.

Taken together, our data suggest that M6B regulates the serotonin uptake by affecting cellular trafficking of the serotonin transporter.

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Gene Ontology. gene/protein/disease-specific - Gene Ontology annotations from this paper .

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(PMID = 18581270.001).

[ISSN] 0895-8696

[Journal-full-title] Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Mol. Neurosci.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / GPM6A protein, human; 0 / GPM6B protein, human; 0 / Membrane Glycoproteins; 0 / Nerve Tissue Proteins; 0 / Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; 333DO1RDJY / Serotonin

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Quorum-sensing regulation of the biofilm matrix genes (pel) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Although QS regulation of swarming and DNA release has been shown to play important roles in biofilm development, regulation of genes directly involved in biosynthesis of biofilm matrix has not been described.

Here, transcription of the pel operon, essential for the production of a glucose-rich matrix exopolysaccharide, is shown to be greatly reduced in lasI and rhlI mutants.

Chemical complementation of the lasI mutant with 3-oxo-dodecanoyl homoserine lactone restores pel transcription to the wild-type level and biofilm formation ability.

These findings thus connect QS signaling and transcription of genes responsible for biofilm matrix biosynthesis.

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[Cites] Biotechniques. 2000 Nov;29(5):948-50, 952 [11084852.001]

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(PMID = 17496081.001).

[ISSN] 0021-9193

[Journal-full-title] Journal of bacteriology

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Bacteriol.

[Language] ENG

[Grant] United States / NIGMS NIH HHS / GM / R01 GM058213; United States / NIGMS NIH HHS / GM / GM58213

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Bacterial Proteins

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC1951888

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Membrane glycoprotein M6a interacts with the micro-opioid receptor and facilitates receptor endocytosis and recycling.

Using a yeast two-hybrid screen, the neuronal membrane glycoprotein M6a, a member of the proteolipid protein family, was identified to be associated with the mu-opioid receptor (MOPr).

Bioluminescence resonance energy transfer and co-immunoprecipitation experiments confirmed that M6a interacts agonist-independently with MOPr in human embryonic kidney 293 cells co-expressing MOPr and M6a.

Co-expression of MOPr with M6a, but not with M6b or DM20, exists in many brain regions, further supporting a specific interaction between MOPr and M6a.

After opioid treatment M6a co-internalizes and then co-recycles with MOPr to cell surface in transfected human embryonic kidney 293 cells.

Moreover, the interaction of M6a and MOPr augments constitutive and agonist-dependent internalization as well as the recycling rate of mu-opioid receptors.

On the other hand, overexpression of a M6a-negative mutant prevents mu-opioid receptor endocytosis, demonstrating an essential role of M6a in receptor internalization.

In addition, we demonstrated the interaction of M6a with a number of other G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) such as the delta-opioid receptor, cannabinoid receptor CB1, and somatostatin receptor sst2A, suggesting that M6a might play a general role in the regulation of certain GPCRs.

Taken together, these data provide evidence that M6a may act as a scaffolding molecule in the regulation of GPCR endocytosis and intracellular trafficking.

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(PMID = 17548356.001).

[ISSN] 0021-9258

[Journal-full-title] The Journal of biological chemistry

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Biol. Chem.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Gpm6a protein, rat; 0 / Membrane Glycoproteins; 0 / Nerve Tissue Proteins; 0 / Receptors, Opioid, mu; 0 / Recombinant Proteins

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] The stress-regulated protein M6a is a key modulator for neurite outgrowth and filopodium/spine formation.

We have recently identified the glycoprotein M6a as a stress-responsive gene in the hippocampal formation.

This gene is down-regulated in the hippocampus of both socially and physically stressed animals, and this effect can be reversed by antidepressant treatment.

In the present work, we analyzed the biological function of the M6a protein.

Immunohistochemistry showed that the M6a protein is abundant in all hippocampal subregions, and subcellular analysis in primary hippocampal neurons revealed its presence in membrane protrusions (filopodia/spines).

Transfection experiments revealed that M6a overexpression induces neurite formation and increases filopodia density in hippocampal neurons.

M6a knockdown with small interference RNA methodology showed that M6a low-expressing neurons display decreased filopodia number and a lower density of synaptophysin clusters.

Taken together, our findings indicate that M6a plays an important role in neurite/filopodium outgrowth and synapse formation.

Therefore, reduced M6a expression might be responsible for the morphological alterations found in the hippocampus of chronically stressed animals.

Potential mechanisms that might explain the biological effects of M6a are discussed.

Gene Ontology. gene/protein/disease-specific - Gene Ontology annotations from this paper .

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(PMID = 16286650.001).

[ISSN] 0027-8424

[Journal-full-title] Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

[ISO-abbreviation] Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Gpm6a protein, rat; 0 / Membrane Glycoproteins; 0 / Nerve Tissue Proteins; 0 / RNA, Small Interfering

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC1287971

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] PEL, Kaposi's sarcoma HHV8+ and idiopathic T-lymphocitopenia CD4+.

We described a case report of a 36-year-old woman with a 10-year-history of idiopathic CD4+ T-lymphocitopenia and Kaposi's sarcoma HHV8+ who developed recurrent pleural effusion.

Laboratory and instrumental tests with morphologic, immunophenotypic and molecular analysis of pleural sediment suggest us the diagnosis of primary effusion lymphoma (PEL).

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(PMID = 17566517.001).

[ISSN] 0009-9074

[Journal-full-title] La Clinica terapeutica

[ISO-abbreviation] Clin Ter

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] Italy

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Rapamycin is efficacious against primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) cell lines in vivo by inhibiting autocrine signaling.

Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) appears as an AIDS-defining lymphoma and like Kaposi sarcoma has been linked to Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV).

We find that (1) rapamycin is efficacious against PEL in culture and in a murine xenograft model;.

(2) mTOR, its activator Akt, and its target p70S6 kinase are phosphorylated in PEL;.

This validates sirolimus as a new treatment option for PEL.

Genetic Alliance. consumer health - Primary effusion lymphoma.

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NCI CPTC Antibody Characterization Program. NCI CPTC Antibody Characterization Program .

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(PMID = 17082322.001).

[ISSN] 0006-4971

[Journal-full-title] Blood

[ISO-abbreviation] Blood

[Language] ENG

[Grant] United States / NHLBI NIH HHS / HL / HL083469; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA109232; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA163217; United States / NIDCR NIH HHS / DE / R01 DE018304-02; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA096500; United States / NIDCR NIH HHS / DE / DE018304-01; United States / NIDCR NIH HHS / DE / R01 DE018304; United States / NIAID NIH HHS / AI / AI057157; United States / NIDCR NIH HHS / DE / R01 DE018304-01; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA098110; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA109232; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA112935; United States / NIDCR NIH HHS / DE / R01 DE018304-03; United States / NIDCR NIH HHS / DE / DE018304-02; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA098110; United States / NHLBI NIH HHS / HL / R01 HL083469; United States / NIDCR NIH HHS / DE / DE018304-03; United States / NIAID NIH HHS / AI / U54 AI057157; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA096500

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Cytokines; 0 / RNA, Messenger; W36ZG6FT64 / Sirolimus

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC1801055

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] The pel genes of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAK strain are involved at early and late stages of biofilm formation.

Biofilm-deficient P. aeruginosa PAK strains affected in a seven-gene cluster called pel were characterized.

The pel genes encode proteins with similarity to components involved in polysaccharide biogenesis, of which PelF is a putative glycosyltransferase.

The pel genes were previously identified in the P. aeruginosa PA14 strain as required for the production of a glucose-rich matrix material involved in the formation of a thick pellicle and resistant biofilm.

However, in PA14, the pel mutants have no clear phenotype in the initiation phase of attachment.

It was shown that pel mutations in the PAK strain had little influence on biofilm initiation but, as in PA14, appeared to generate the least robust and mature biofilms.

Strikingly, by constructing pel mutants in a non-piliated P. aeruginosa PAK strain, an unexpected effect of the pel mutation in the early phase of biofilm formation was discovered, since it was observed that these mutants were severely defective in the attachment process on solid surfaces.

The pel gene cluster is conserved in other Gram-negative bacteria, and mutation in a Ralstonia solanacearum pelG homologue, ragG, led to an adherence defect.

[MeSH-minor] Bacterial Adhesion. Culture Media. DNA Transposable Elements. Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial. Glycosyltransferases / genetics. Glycosyltransferases / metabolism. Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions. Multigene Family. Mutation. Polysaccharides, Bacterial / genetics. Polysaccharides, Bacterial / metabolism

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(PMID = 15758243.001).

[ISSN] 1350-0872

[Journal-full-title] Microbiology (Reading, England)

[ISO-abbreviation] Microbiology (Reading, Engl.)

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Bacterial Proteins; 0 / Culture Media; 0 / DNA Transposable Elements; 0 / Polysaccharides, Bacterial; EC 2.4.- / Glycosyltransferases

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] A colorimetric sensor array for identification of toxic gases below permissible exposure limits.

A colorimetric sensor array has been developed for the rapid and sensitive detection of 20 toxic industrial chemicals (TICs) at their PELs (permissible exposure limits).

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[Cites] Nat Mater. 2003 Jan;2(1):19-24 [12652667.001]

[Cites] Nature. 2000 Aug 17;406(6797):710-3 [10963592.001]

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(PMID = 20221484.001).

[ISSN] 1364-548X

[Journal-full-title] Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)

[ISO-abbreviation] Chem. Commun. (Camb.)

[Language] ENG

[Grant] United States / NIEHS NIH HHS / ES / U01 ES016011; United States / NIEHS NIH HHS / ES / U01 ES016011-04; United States / NIEHS NIH HHS / ES / U01ES016011

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Gases

[Other-IDs] NLM/ NIHMS229286; NLM/ PMC2976522

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] PEL: an unbiased method for estimating age-dependent genetic disease risk from pedigree data unselected for family history.

Providing valid risk estimates of a genetic disease with variable age of onset is a major challenge for prevention strategies.

This article focuses on ascertainment through at least one affected and presents an estimation method based on maximum likelihood, called the Proband's phenotype exclusion likelihood or PEL for estimating age-dependent penetrance using disease status and genotypic information of family members in pedigrees unselected for family history.

We studied the properties of the PEL and compared with another method, the prospective likelihood, in terms of bias and efficiency in risk estimate.

For that purpose, family samples were simulated under various disease risk models and under various ascertainment patterns.

We showed that, whatever the genetic model and the ascertainment scheme, the PEL provided unbiased estimates, whereas the prospective likelihood exhibited some bias in a number of situations.

As an illustration, we estimated the disease risk for transthyretin amyloid neuropathy from a French sample and a Portuguese sample and for BRCA1/2 associated breast cancer from a sample ascertained on early-onset breast cancer cases.

[MeSH-minor] Age Factors. Amyloid Neuropathies / genetics. Bias (Epidemiology). Breast Neoplasms / genetics. France. Genes, BRCA1. Genes, BRCA2. Humans. Likelihood Functions. Models, Genetic. Models, Statistical. Pedigree. Phenotype. Portugal. Prealbumin / genetics. Risk

MedlinePlus Health Information. consumer health - Genetic Disorders.

NCI CPTAC Assay Portal. NCI CPTAC Assay Portal .

NCI CPTC Antibody Characterization Program. NCI CPTC Antibody Characterization Program .

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[Copyright] 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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(PMID = 19089844.001).

[ISSN] 1098-2272

[Journal-full-title] Genetic epidemiology

[ISO-abbreviation] Genet. Epidemiol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Prealbumin

[Other-IDs] NLM/ HALMS358140; NLM/ PMC3108000

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Connecting quorum sensing, c-di-GMP, pel polysaccharide, and biofilm formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa through tyrosine phosphatase TpbA (PA3885).

This screen identified the PA3885 mutant, which had 147-fold more biofilm than the wild-type strain.

Whole transcriptome analysis showed that loss of PA3885 activated expression of the pel locus, an operon that encodes for the synthesis of extracellular matrix polysaccharide.

Genetic screening identified that loss of PelABDEG and the PA1120 protein (which contains a GGDEF-motif) suppressed the phenotypes of the PA3885 mutant, suggesting that the function of the PA3885 protein is to regulate 3,5-cyclic diguanylic acid (c-di-GMP) concentrations as a phosphatase since c-di-GMP enhances biofilm formation by activating PelD, and c-di-GMP inhibits swarming.

Loss of PA3885 protein increased cellular c-di-GMP concentrations; hence, PA3885 protein is a negative regulator of c-di-GMP production.

Las-mediated quorum sensing positively regulates expression of the PA3885 gene.

These results show that the PA3885 protein responds to AHL signals and likely dephosphorylates PA1120, which leads to reduced c-di-GMP production.

This inhibits matrix exopolysaccharide formation, which leads to reduced biofilm formation; hence, we provide a mechanism for quorum sensing control of biofilm formation through the pel locus and suggest PA3885 should be named TpbA for tyrosine phosphatase related to biofilm formation and PA1120 should be TpbB.

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Gene Ontology. gene/protein/disease-specific - Gene Ontology annotations from this paper .

Hazardous Substances Data Bank. L-TYROSINE .

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(PMID = 19543378.001).

[ISSN] 1553-7374

[Journal-full-title] PLoS pathogens

[ISO-abbreviation] PLoS Pathog.

[Language] ENG

[Grant] United States / NIBIB NIH HHS / EB / R01 EB003872

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Adhesins, Bacterial; 0 / Bacterial Proteins; 0 / Glycolipids; 0 / Polysaccharides, Bacterial; 0 / rhamnolipid; 42HK56048U / Tyrosine; 61093-23-0 / bis(3',5')-cyclic diguanylic acid; EC 3.1.3.48 / Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; H2D2X058MU / Cyclic GMP

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2691606

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Cloning and preliminary characterization of a GATC-specific beta2-class DNA:m6A methyltransferase encoded by transposon Tn1549 from Enterococcus spp.

A recent study revealed a subfamily of N6-adenine (m6A) methyltransferases that comprises a few functionally studied eukaryotic members acting on mRNA and prokaryotic members acting on DNA as well as numerous uncharacterized open reading frames.

Here, we report cloning and functional characterization of a prokaryotic member of this family encoded by transposon Tn1549 from Enterococcus spp.

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(PMID = 16450842.001).

[ISSN] 1733-1331

[Journal-full-title] Polish journal of microbiology

[ISO-abbreviation] Pol. J. Microbiol.

[Language] ENG

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Poland

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / DNA Transposable Elements; 0 / DNA, Bacterial; EC 2.1.1.72 / Site-Specific DNA-Methyltransferase (Adenine-Specific)

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Leukotriene A4 hydrolase expression in PEL cells is regulated at the transcriptional level and leads to increased leukotriene B4 production.

Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is a herpesvirus-8-associated lymphoproliferative disease characterized by migration of tumor cells to serous body cavities.

PEL cells originate from postgerminal center B cells and share a remarkable alteration in B cell transcription factor expression and/or activation with classical Hodgkin's disease cells.

Comparative analysis of gene expression by cDNA microarray of BCBL-1 cells (PEL), L-428 (classical Hodgkin's disease), and BJAB cells revealed a subset of genes that were differentially expressed in BCBL-1 cells.

Among these, four genes involved in cell migration and chemotaxis were strongly up-regulated in PEL cells: leukotriene A4 (LTA4) hydrolase (LTA4H), IL-16, thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), and selectin-P ligand (PSGL-1).

Up-regulation of LTA4H was investigated at the transcriptional level.

Formation of a specific DNA-protein complex in this region was confirmed by EMSA.

[MeSH-minor] Cell Line, Tumor. Enzyme Activation / genetics. Gene Expression Profiling. Hodgkin Disease / genetics. Humans. Inflammation / genetics. Inflammation / immunology. Interleukin-16 / physiology. Membrane Glycoproteins / biosynthesis. Membrane Glycoproteins / genetics. Membrane Glycoproteins / physiology. Promoter Regions, Genetic. RNA, Messenger / biosynthesis. Thrombospondin 1 / biosynthesis. Thrombospondin 1 / genetics. Thrombospondin 1 / physiology. Transcription, Genetic

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(PMID = 16709867.001).

[ISSN] 0022-1767

[Journal-full-title] Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Immunol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Interleukin-16; 0 / Membrane Glycoproteins; 0 / P-selectin ligand protein; 0 / RNA, Messenger; 0 / Thrombospondin 1; 1HGW4DR56D / Leukotriene B4; EC 3.3.2.- / Epoxide Hydrolases; EC 3.3.2.- / leukotriene A4 hydrolase

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] KSHV-infected PEL cell lines exhibit a distinct gene expression profile.

We analyzed the gene expression profiles of lymphocyte-originated tumor cell lines - primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) cell lines, T-cell leukemia (TCL) cell lines, Burkitt lymphoma (BL) cell lines - and two sets of normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) - in order to determine characteristic gene expression profiles for each of the former three groups.

And we found that these cell lines showed respective typical gene expression profiles and classified into clear four groups, PEL, TCL, BL, and normal PBMCs.

Two B lymphocyte-originated tumor cell lines, PEL and BL cell lines, clearly exhibited distinct gene expression profiles, respectively.

Even though there was only one line that was co-infected with both Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), KSHV seemed to govern the gene expression profile of the co-infected line.

These data suggested not only that established typical tumor cell lines show a distinct gene expression profile but also that this profile may be governed by certain viruses.

[MeSH-major] Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic. Gene Expression Regulation, Viral. Herpesvirus 8, Human. Lymphoma, Primary Effusion / genetics. Lymphoma, Primary Effusion / virology

[MeSH-minor] Angiopoietin-1 / genetics. Cell Line, Tumor. Gene Expression Profiling. Humans

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[Copyright] Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

(PMID = 20175997.001).

[ISSN] 1090-2104

[Journal-full-title] Biochemical and biophysical research communications

[ISO-abbreviation] Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Angiopoietin-1

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Detection and sequence analysis of an altered pectate lyase gene in Pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea and related bacteria.

Pectate lyase (PL) is a potent cell wall-degrading enzyme known to play a role in the microbial infection of plants.

However, the PL gene (pel) was detected by Southern hybridization in four out of four P. syringae pv. glycinea strains examined.

A P. syringae pv. glycinea pel gene was cloned, sequenced, and predicted to encode a protein sharing 70%-90% identity in amino acid sequence with PLs produced by pectolytic pseudomonads and xanthomonads.

A series of amino acid and nucleotide sequence analyses reveal that (i) the predicted P. syringae pv. glycinea PL contains two regions in the amino acid sequence that may affect the formation of a beta-helix structure important for the enzyme activity, and (ii) the P. syringae pv. glycinea pel gene contains a single-base insertion, a double-base insertion, and an 18-bp deletion, which can lead to the synthesis of an inactive PL protein.

The altered pel sequence was also detected by polymerase chain reaction and nucleotide sequencing in the genomes of other pathovars of P. syringae, including phaseolicola and tagetis.

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(PMID = 17215896.001).

[ISSN] 0008-4166

[Journal-full-title] Canadian journal of microbiology

[ISO-abbreviation] Can. J. Microbiol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] Canada

[Chemical-registry-number] EC 4.2.2.- / Polysaccharide-Lyases; EC 4.2.2.2 / pectate lyase

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Integration of two essential virulence modulating signals at the Erwinia chrysanthemi pel gene promoters: a role for Fis in the growth-phase regulation.

Production of the essential virulence factors, called pectate lyases (Pels), in the phytopathogenic bacterium Erwinia chrysanthemi is controlled by a complex regulation system and responds to various stimuli, such as the presence of pectin or plant extracts, growth phase, temperature and iron concentration.

Eight regulators modulating the expression of the pel genes (encoding Pels) have been characterized.

Although many studies have been carried out, the mechanisms of control of Pel production by growth phase have not yet been elucidated.

Here we report that a fis mutant of E. chrysanthemi showed a strong increase in transcription of the pel genes during exponential growth whereas induction of expression in the parental strain occurred at the end of exponential growth.

This reveals that Fis acts to prevent an efficient transcription of pel genes at the beginning of exponential growth and also provides evidence of the involvement of Fis in the growth-phase regulation of the pel genes.

By using in vitro DNA-protein interactions and transcription experiments, we find that Fis directly represses the pel gene expression at the transcription initiation step.

In addition, we show that Fis acts in concert with KdgR, the main repressor responding to the presence of pectin compounds, to shut down the pel gene transcription.

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(PMID = 18028312.001).

[ISSN] 0950-382X

[Journal-full-title] Molecular microbiology

[ISO-abbreviation] Mol. Microbiol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Bacterial Proteins; 0 / KdgR protein, Erwinia chrysanthemi; 0 / Repressor Proteins; 0 / Transcription Factors; 9007-49-2 / DNA; EC 4.2.2.- / PelE protein, Erwinia chrysanthemi; EC 4.2.2.- / Polysaccharide-Lyases; EC 4.2.2.2 / pectate lyase

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Pulmonary evaluation of permissible exposure limit of syntroleum S-8 synthetic jet fuel in mice.

No significant changes in respiratory permeability were exhibited, indicating that there was no loss of epithelial barrier integrity following S-8 exposure.

However, morphological examination and morphometric analysis of distal lung tissue, by using transmission electron microscopy, revealed cellular damage in alveolar type II epithelial cells, with significant increases in volume density of lamellar bodies/vacuoles at 352 and 616 S-8 mg/m(3).

Moreover, terminal bronchiolar Clara injury, as evidenced by apical membrane blebs, was observed at relatively low concentrations, suggesting if this synthetic jet fuel is utilized, the current permissible exposure limit of 350 mg/m(3) for hydrocarbon fuels should cautiously be applied.

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[Cites] Toxicol Pathol. 2000 Sep-Oct;28(5):656-63 [11026600.001]

[Cites] Electrophoresis. 1999 Dec;20(18):3659-69 [10612293.001]

[Cites] Toxicol Ind Health. 2001 Feb;17(1):23-9 [12004922.001]

[Cites] Toxicology. 2002 Jun 14;175(1-3):235-45 [12049851.001]

[Cites] Toxicol Sci. 2003 Dec;76(2):347-56 [14514957.001]

[Cites] Toxicology. 2004 Apr 15;197(2):139-47 [15003324.001]

[Cites] Toxicol Lett. 2004 Apr 1;149(1-3):301-8 [15093277.001]

[Cites] J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2004 Jul 23;67(14):1109-29 [15205027.001]

[Cites] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1984 Aug;75(1):44-51 [6464021.001]

[Cites] Scand J Work Environ Health. 1985 Dec;11(6):433-7 [4095521.001]

[Cites] Am J Pathol. 1986 Jun;123(3):454-64 [3717299.001]

[Cites] Hepatology. 1995 May;21(5):1361-72 [7737643.001]

[Cites] J Appl Toxicol. 1996 May-Jun;16(3):197-200 [8818858.001]

[Cites] Toxicol Ind Health. 1997 Jan-Feb;13(1):43-55 [9098949.001]

[Cites] J Occup Environ Med. 1997 Jul;39(7):623-32 [9253723.001]

[Cites] Am J Physiol. 1999 Feb;276(2 Pt 1):L229-38 [9950884.001]

[Cites] Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 1999 Jul;21(1):44-53 [10385592.001]

[Cites] Toxicol Sci. 1999 Sep;51(1):119-25 [10496683.001]

[Cites] J Chromatogr A. 2005 Nov 4;1093(1-2):11-20 [16233866.001]

[Cites] Environ Health Perspect. 2006 Feb;114(2):182-5 [16451852.001]

[Cites] J Toxicol Sci. 2006 Aug;31(3):219-28 [16960432.001]

[Cites] Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2006 Oct;35(4):479-87 [16690985.001]

[Cites] Int J Toxicol. 2007 Jul-Aug;26(4):325-9 [17661223.001]

[Cites] Toxicol Sci. 2007 Dec;100(2):415-22 [17890764.001]

[Cites] J Appl Toxicol. 2008 May;28(4):543-53 [17966119.001]

[Cites] Toxicology. 2008 Dec 5;254(1-2):106-11 [18930109.001]

[Cites] Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 1996 Jul;15(1):1-8 [8679213.001]

[Cites] Toxicol Sci. 2000 Dec;58(2):290-8 [11099641.001]

(PMID = 19357071.001).

[ISSN] 1096-0929

[Journal-full-title] Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology

[ISO-abbreviation] Toxicol. Sci.

[Language] ENG

[Grant] United States / NIEHS NIH HHS / ES / P30 ES006694; United States / NIEHS NIH HHS / ES / ES06694

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Hydrocarbons; 0 / S-8 fuel

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2683924

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Subtype C1 persistent infection of HHV-8 in a PEL patient.

PEL, a rare type of lymphoma constituting less than 5% of NHLs, has been recently identified as a distinct clinical and pathological entity among the B-cell lymphomas, with characteristic morphologic, immunophenotypic, molecular and viral features.

Using a combination of clinical, morphological, immunohistochemical features and molecular biology techniques in this study we document a PEL case with persistent HHV-8 of genotype C1 infection.

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Amino Acid Sequence. Base Sequence. Follow-Up Studies. Genotype. Greece / ethnology. Hodgkin Disease. Humans. Male. Molecular Sequence Data. Phylogeny. Sequence Alignment. Viral Proteins / chemistry. Viral Proteins / genetics

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(PMID = 16194897.001).

[ISSN] 1042-8194

[Journal-full-title] Leukemia & lymphoma

[ISO-abbreviation] Leuk. Lymphoma

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / K1 protein, Human herpesvirus 8; 0 / Viral Proteins

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Antisense inhibition of a pectate lyase gene supports a role for pectin depolymerization in strawberry fruit softening.

It has been reported previously that inhibiting the expression of pectate lyase genes by antisense technology in strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) fruit resulted in prolonged fruit firmness.

In this present study, three independent transgenic lines were identified exhibiting a greater than 90% reduction in pectate lyase transcript abundance.

These results indicate that pectate lyase plays an important degradative role in the primary wall and middle lamella in ripening strawberry fruit, and should be included in synergistic models of cell wall disassembly.

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[Cites] J Exp Bot. 2001 Aug;52(361):1635-45 [11479328.001]

[Cites] Plant Mol Biol. 2001 Sep;47(1-2):311-40 [11554479.001]

[Cites] Planta. 2001 Nov;214(1):11-21 [11762160.001]

[Cites] Planta. 2001 Dec;214(2):257-64 [11800390.001]

[Cites] Plant Physiol. 2002 Feb;128(2):751-9 [11842178.001]

[Cites] J Exp Bot. 2002 Oct;53(377):2115-9 [12324535.001]

[Cites] Plant Physiol. 2007 Aug;144(4):1693-6 [17687051.001]

[Cites] Planta. 2003 Oct;217(6):951-61 [12838420.001]

[Cites] Plant Physiol. 1997 Jul;114(3):1071-6 [9232883.001]

[Cites] Plant Mol Biol. 1997 Aug;34(6):867-77 [9290639.001]

[Cites] Anal Biochem. 1998 Mar 15;257(2):107-11 [9514779.001]

[Cites] Plant Physiol Biochem. 2004 Dec;42(10):823-31 [15596102.001]

[Cites] Plant Physiol. 2007 Jun;144(2):1012-28 [17449643.001]

[Cites] J Exp Bot. 2003 Feb;54(383):633-45 [12554706.001]

(PMID = 18522930.001).

[ISSN] 1460-2431

[Journal-full-title] Journal of experimental botany

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Exp. Bot.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Pectins; 0 / Plant Proteins; 9000-69-5 / pectin; EC 4.2.2.- / Polysaccharide-Lyases; EC 4.2.2.2 / pectate lyase

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC2486476

[Keywords] NOTNLM ; Cell wall / Fragaria / fruit ripening / pectate lyase / pectinases / strawberry

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Organ-specific, developmental, hormonal and stress regulation of expression of putative pectate lyase genes in Arabidopsis.

Pectate lyases catalyse the eliminative cleavage of de-esterified homogalacturonan in pectin, a major component of the primary cell walls in higher plants.

In the completed genome of Arabidopsis, there are 26 genes (AtPLLs) that encode pectate lyase-like proteins.

Interestingly, all PLL genes are expressed in flowers.

Analysis of expression of all PLL genes in seedlings treated with hormones, abiotic stresses and elicitors of defense responses revealed significant changes in the expression of some PLLs without affecting the other PLLs.

The stability of transcripts of PLLs varied considerably among different genes.

[MeSH-major] Arabidopsis / genetics. Arabidopsis Proteins / genetics. Gene Expression Regulation, Plant. Polysaccharide-Lyases / genetics

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(PMID = 17447910.001).

[ISSN] 0028-646X

[Journal-full-title] The New phytologist

[ISO-abbreviation] New Phytol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Arabidopsis Proteins; 0 / Deoxyadenosines; 0 / RNA, Messenger; 73-03-0 / cordycepin; EC 4.2.2.- / Polysaccharide-Lyases; EC 4.2.2.2 / pectate lyase

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Development of permissible exposure limits: the California experience.

The California OSHA Airborne Contaminant Advisory Committee reviewed several hundred substances and recommended occupational exposure limits with the intent of worker and employer protection.

[MeSH-major] Advisory Committees / organization & administration. Hazardous Substances / standards. Occupational Exposure / standards. Occupational Health / legislation & jurisprudence

[MeSH-minor] Animals. California. Communication. Humans. Maximum Allowable Concentration. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (U.S.) / standards. No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level. Program Development. United States

MedlinePlus Health Information. consumer health - Occupational Health.

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(PMID = 16967831.001).

[ISSN] 1077-3525

[Journal-full-title] International journal of occupational and environmental health

[ISO-abbreviation] Int J Occup Environ Health

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Hazardous Substances

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Sub classification and clinico-hematological correlation of 40 cases of acute erythroleukemia - can proerythroblast/myeloblast and proerythroblast/total erythroid cell ratios help subclassify?

The clinico-hematological profile of 40 cases of acute erythroleukemia (AEL) was evaluated.

These were subclassified into three types, namely AML M6a, M6b and M6c based on the myeloblast and proerythroblast percentages.

As AEL is biologically an "erythroid predominant" disease, two ratios (PE/MB, PE/TEC) with proerythroblasts as numerator have been formulated.

An attempt has been made to assess the difference in these ratios in subclassified AEL.

There were 29 M6a, 2M6b,and 9 M6 c patients, which were subclassified using the criteria proposed by Mazzella et al.

The incidence of AEL in our study was 3.7%, predominantly affecting males with a predilection to younger age in contrast to Western studies.

Both PE/MB and PE/TEC ratios were higher in M6b and M6c in comparison to M6a.

The subclassification of AEL becomes essential especially in the era of lineage-targeted therapies, which can lead to the development and use of erythroid specific treatments in the near future.

[MeSH-major] Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute / classification

[MeSH-minor] Adult. Age Factors. Aged. Cell Count. Erythroblasts. Erythroid Cells. Female. Granulocyte Precursor Cells. Humans. Incidence. Male. Middle Aged. Sex Factors

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(PMID = 17852448.001).

[ISSN] 1607-8454

[Journal-full-title] Hematology (Amsterdam, Netherlands)

[ISO-abbreviation] Hematology

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] England

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Efficient secretory expression of an alkaline pectate lyase gene from Bacillus subtilis in E. coli and the purification and characterization of the protein.

The gene encoding pectate lyase (PL) from Bacillus subtilis WSHB04-02 was amplified by PCR, fused with a periplasmic secretion signal peptide sequence, pelB, from pET22b(+), cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli cells using a temperature control vector, pHsh.

[MeSH-minor] Enzyme Activation. Enzyme Stability. Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial / physiology. Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / physiology. Genetic Enhancement / methods. Recombinant Proteins / biosynthesis. Recombinant Proteins / chemistry

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(PMID = 17237974.001).

[ISSN] 1573-6776

[Journal-full-title] Biotechnology letters

[ISO-abbreviation] Biotechnol. Lett.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Netherlands

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Recombinant Proteins; EC 4.2.2.- / Polysaccharide-Lyases; EC 4.2.2.2 / pectate lyase

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] In vivo comparison of epithelial responses for S-8 versus JP-8 jet fuels below permissible exposure limit.

This study was designed to characterize and compare the pulmonary effects in distal lung from a low-level exposure to jet propellant-8 fuel (JP-8) and a new synthetic-8 fuel (S-8).

A pulmonary function test performed 24h after the final exposure indicated that there was a significant increase in expiratory lung resistance in the S-8 mice, whereas JP-8 mice had significant increases in both inspiratory and expiratory lung resistance compared to control values.

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[Cites] Electrophoresis. 1999 Dec;20(18):3659-69 [10612293.001]

[Cites] Toxicology. 2004 Apr 15;197(2):139-47 [15003324.001]

[Cites] Toxicol Sci. 2000 Dec;58(2):290-8 [11099641.001]

[Cites] Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2002 May;282(5):L1075-81 [11943673.001]

[Cites] Toxicol Ind Health. 2001 Feb;17(1):23-9 [12004922.001]

[Cites] Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2002 Aug;27(2):170-8 [12151308.001]

[Cites] Toxicol Sci. 2003 Dec;76(2):347-56 [14514957.001]

[Cites] J Med Dent Sci. 2003 Sep;50(3):195-202 [15074357.001]

[Cites] Toxicol Lett. 2004 Apr 1;149(1-3):301-8 [15093277.001]

[Cites] J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2004 Jul 23;67(14):1109-29 [15205027.001]

[Cites] Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1979 Jul;60(1):39-49 [474176.001]

[Cites] Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl. 1983;303:55-67 [6575584.001]

[Cites] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1984 Aug;75(1):44-51 [6464021.001]

[Cites] Scand J Work Environ Health. 1985 Dec;11(6):433-7 [4095521.001]

[Cites] Am J Pathol. 1986 Jun;123(3):454-64 [3717299.001]

[Cites] Toxicol Ind Health. 1995 May-Jun;11(3):325-36 [7482572.001]

[Cites] Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 1996 Jul;15(1):1-8 [8679213.001]

[Cites] J Appl Toxicol. 1996 May-Jun;16(3):197-200 [8818858.001]

[Cites] Toxicol Ind Health. 1997 Jan-Feb;13(1):43-55 [9098949.001]

[Cites] J Occup Environ Med. 1997 Jul;39(7):623-32 [9253723.001]

[Cites] Am J Physiol. 1999 Feb;276(2 Pt 1):L229-38 [9950884.001]

[Cites] Drug Chem Toxicol. 1999 Feb;22(1):155-64 [10189576.001]

[Cites] Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 1999 Jul;21(1):44-53 [10385592.001]

[Cites] Toxicol Sci. 1999 Sep;51(1):119-25 [10496683.001]

[Cites] Phys Med Biol. 2005 Apr 7;50(7):1405-19 [15798332.001]

[Cites] J Chromatogr A. 2005 Nov 4;1093(1-2):11-20 [16233866.001]

[Cites] Environ Health Perspect. 2006 Feb;114(2):182-5 [16451852.001]

[Cites] J Toxicol Sci. 2006 Aug;31(3):219-28 [16960432.001]

[Cites] Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2006 Oct;35(4):479-87 [16690985.001]

[Cites] Int J Toxicol. 2007 Jul-Aug;26(4):325-9 [17661223.001]

[Cites] J Appl Toxicol. 2008 May;28(4):543-53 [17966119.001]

[Cites] Toxicol Pathol. 2000 Sep-Oct;28(5):656-63 [11026600.001]

(PMID = 18930109.001).

[ISSN] 0300-483X

[Journal-full-title] Toxicology

[ISO-abbreviation] Toxicology

[Language] ENG

[Grant] United States / NIEHS NIH HHS / ES / ES006694-14; United States / NIEHS NIH HHS / ES / P30 ES006694; United States / NIEHS NIH HHS / ES / ES06694; United States / NIEHS NIH HHS / ES / P30 ES006694-14

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Ireland

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Hydrocarbons; 0 / JP8 aviation fuel; 0 / S-8 fuel

[Other-IDs] NLM/ NIHMS208577; NLM/ PMC2927360

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Title] Pure erythroid leukemia with hemophagocytosis.

Biochemistry showed increased ferritin levels.

Pure erythroid leukemia with hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) was diagnosed.

Complete remission was attained, and HPS also improved.

However, leukemia relapsed during chemotherapy and the patient died.

This is the first report of pure erythroid leukemia complicated with HPS.

[MeSH-major] Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute / complications. Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic / etiology

Hazardous Substances Data Bank. CYTARABINE .

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(PMID = 19755777.001).

[ISSN] 1349-7235

[Journal-full-title] Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan)

[ISO-abbreviation] Intern. Med.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Case Reports; Journal Article

[Publication-country] Japan

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antineoplastic Agents; 04079A1RDZ / Cytarabine; X4W7ZR7023 / Methylprednisolone; ZRP63D75JW / Idarubicin

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is an aggressive neoplasm caused by human herpes virus-8 infection, and is generally resistant to chemotherapy.

Hybrid liposomes, composed of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) and polyoxyethylene (21) dodecyl ether (C12(EO)21) (HL-21), were rapidly accumulated in the membrane of PEL cells.

HL-21 also increased membrane fluidity of PEL cells, and induced caspase-3 activation along with cell death.

These results suggest that HL-21 should be an effective and attractive regent for PEL treatment.

Genetic Alliance. consumer health - Primary effusion lymphoma.

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[Copyright] 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

(PMID = 20138834.001).

[ISSN] 1090-2104

[Journal-full-title] Biochemical and biophysical research communications

[ISO-abbreviation] Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Liposomes; 0AWH8BFG9A / polidocanol; 30IQX730WE / Polyethylene Glycols; U86ZGC74V5 / Dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is an incurable, aggressive B-cell malignancy that develops rapid resistance to conventional chemotherapy.

MG-132, a proteasome inhibitor, suppresses cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in several PEL cell lines.

Treatment of PEL cells with MG-132 results in downregulation of S-phase kinase protein 2 (SKP2) and accumulation of p27Kip1.

Furthermore, MG-132 treatment of PEL cells causes Bax conformational changes, leading to loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and release of cytochrome c to the cytosole.

Such cytochrome c release results in sequential activation of caspases and apoptosis, while pretreatment of PEL cells with universal inhibitor of caspases, z-VAD-fmk prevents cell death induced by MG-132.

Finally, our data demonstrated in PEL cells that MG-132 downregulates the expression of inhibitor of apoptosis proteins XIAP, cIAP1 and survivin.

Altogether, these findings suggest that MG-132 is a potent inducer of apoptosis of PEL cells via downregulation of SKP2 leading to accumulation of p27Kip1, resulting in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis and strongly suggest that targeting the proteasomal pathway may provide a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of PEL.

[MeSH-major] Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology. Apoptosis. Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27 / metabolism. Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic. Leupeptins / pharmacology. Lymphoma, Primary Effusion / drug therapy. Lymphoma, Primary Effusion / pathology. S-Phase Kinase-Associated Proteins / metabolism

Genetic Alliance. consumer health - Primary effusion lymphoma.

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(PMID = 19557642.001).

[ISSN] 1029-2403

[Journal-full-title] Leukemia & lymphoma

[ISO-abbreviation] Leuk. Lymphoma

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Amino Acid Chloromethyl Ketones; 0 / Antineoplastic Agents; 0 / BIRC5 protein, human; 0 / Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; 0 / Leupeptins; 0 / Microtubule-Associated Proteins; 0 / S-Phase Kinase-Associated Proteins; 0 / X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein; 0 / XIAP protein, human; 0 / benzyloxycarbonylvalyl-alanyl-aspartyl fluoromethyl ketone; 133407-82-6 / benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde; 147604-94-2 / Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27; 9007-43-6 / Cytochromes c

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is a rare subtype of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, which is associated with infection by Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV)/human herpesvirus-8.

However, no structural abnormalities were found in the c-myc oncogene in PEL.

Given that c-Myc is often involved in lymphomagenesis, we hypothesized that it is deregulated in PEL.

We report that PEL cells have abnormally stable c-Myc protein.

Our data show that the impaired c-Myc degradation in PEL cells is associated with a significant underphosphorylation of c-Myc T58.

Conversely, when LANA is eliminated from PEL cells using RNA interference, GSK-3beta-mediated c-Myc T58 phosphorylation is restored.

The presence of c-Myc and LANA in GSK-3beta-containing complexes in PEL cells further confirms the significance of these interactions in naturally KSHV-infected cells.

[MeSH-minor] B-Lymphocytes / metabolism. B-Lymphocytes / virology. Cell Line. Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 / metabolism. Humans. RNA Interference. Threonine / metabolism

Genetic Alliance. consumer health - Primary effusion lymphoma.

PhosphoSitePlus. gene/protein/disease-specific - PhosphoSitePlus® - comprehensive post-translational modification resource .

Faculty of 1000. commentaries/discussion - See the articles recommended by F1000Prime's Faculty of more than 8,000 leading experts in Biology and Medicine. (subscription/membership/fee required).

Hazardous Substances Data Bank. L-Threonine .

NCI CPTAC Assay Portal. NCI CPTAC Assay Portal .

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(PMID = 17310999.001).

[ISSN] 0950-9232

[Journal-full-title] Oncogene

[ISO-abbreviation] Oncogene

[Language] eng

[Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA068939

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Antigens, Viral; 0 / Nuclear Proteins; 0 / Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc; 0 / latency-associated nuclear antigen; 2ZD004190S / Threonine; EC 2.7.11.1 / glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta; EC 2.7.11.26 / Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Recent studies of acute erythroleukemias have reaffirmed DiGuglielmo's syndrome (M6a, myeloblast-predominant) and disease (M6b, pronormoblast-predominant).

A 20-year retrospective study was performed to identify cases demonstrating >or=50% erythrocytic component and <30% calculated blasts (FAB exclusion criteria) without underlying cause (96 cases).

[MeSH-major] Erythroblasts. Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute / pathology. Models, Statistical. Myelodysplastic Syndromes / pathology

[MeSH-minor] Age Factors. Disease-Free Survival. Erythrocyte Count. Erythrocytes / pathology. Granulocyte Precursor Cells / pathology. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Multivariate Analysis. Platelet Count. Predictive Value of Tests. Prognosis. Retrospective Studies

MedlinePlus Health Information. consumer health - Myelodysplastic Syndromes.

COS Scholar Universe. author profiles.

NCI CPTAC Assay Portal. NCI CPTAC Assay Portal .

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(PMID = 16755568.001).

[ISSN] 0361-8609

[Journal-full-title] American journal of hematology

[ISO-abbreviation] Am. J. Hematol.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article

[Publication-country] United States

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Two common albumin assays, bromcresol green (BCG) and agarose gel protein electrophoresis (PEL), frequently yield discordant results, creating confusion regarding which assay is superior for use in myeloma.

METHODS: We measured albumin by BCG on a Roche Modular system, by PEL with a Helena SPIFE SPE Vis agarose gel, and by immunonephelometry performed on a Dade Behring BNII nephelometer.

BCG and PEL were used to measure albumin in 5777 patient samples, and all 3 methods were used in an additional 252 samples.

RESULTS: For sera with zero/low monoclonal immunoglobulin protein (M)-spike (0 to <15 g/L), results for both BCG and PEL correlated well to nephelometry, although median PEL results were 8 g/L lower than corresponding BCG measurements.

Correlation between PEL and nephelometry or BCG diminished with increasing M-spike, with PEL eventually overestimating albumin compared with both other assays.

For 35% of myeloma patients, discrepancy between BCG and PEL had a potentially clinically significant effect on staging, but no difference in group survival was found.

CONCLUSIONS: Both BCG and PEL correlate well to nephelometry in sera with zero/low M-spikes.

In the presence of larger M-spikes, PEL correlates poorly to nephelometry or BCG, whereas BCG compares well with nephelometry regardless of M-spike.

[MeSH-major] Bromcresol Green. Multiple Myeloma / diagnosis. Serum Albumin / analysis

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(PMID = 17463172.001).

[ISSN] 0009-9147

[Journal-full-title] Clinical chemistry

[ISO-abbreviation] Clin. Chem.

[Language] eng

[Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA62242

[Publication-type] Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Indicators and Reagents; 0 / Paraproteins; 0 / Serum Albumin; 8YGN0Y942M / Bromcresol Green

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

The topology of the potential energy landscape (PEL) underlying the dynamics of a two dimensional off-lattice model for a heteropolymer is analyzed for different sequences of amino-acids.

A statistical characterization of the metastable minima and first-order saddles of the PEL highlights structural differences in the landscape of good and bad folding sequences and provides insight on the chain dynamics during folding.

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(PMID = 15752597.001).

[ISSN] 0301-4622

[Journal-full-title] Biophysical chemistry

[ISO-abbreviation] Biophys. Chem.

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] Netherlands

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Peptides

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

In order to improve the thermostability of the Penicillium expansum Lipase (PEL), the lipase encoding genes was mutated by site-directed mutagenesis.

A recombinant vector pAO815-ep8-K55R which contain double mutant genes was constructed by overlap extension PCR using the cDNA of a random-mutant lipase ep8 (a single site mutant) as the template and two special primers were used to generate another mutation site K55R.

The recombinant vector was transformed into Pichia pastoris GS115 by electroporation and the recombinant mutant GS-pAO815-ep8- K55R can secret double-mutant lipase PEL-ep8-K55R-GS into the medium when it was induced by Methanol.

The yield of the double-mutant lipase is 508 u/mL, which is 81% that of the wild type lipase PEL-GS (627 u/mL) and 55% that of random-mutant PEL-ep8-GS (924 u/mL).

The specific activity of double-mutant lipase is 2309.1 u/mg, which is similar to random-mutant lipase PEL-ep8-GS and the wild type lipase PEL-GS.

The optimum temperature of the double-mutant lipase is same with the wild type lipase PEL-GS and random-mutant lipase PEL-ep8-GS.

While the Tm of the double-mutant lipase is 41.0 degrees C, 2.3 degrees C higher than the wild type lipase PEL-GS and 0.8% higher than the random-mutant lipase PEL-ep8-GS, indicating that the double-mutant lipase PEL-ep8-K55R-GS has higher thermostability.

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(PMID = 17822043.001).

[ISSN] 1000-3061

[Journal-full-title] Sheng wu gong cheng xue bao = Chinese journal of biotechnology

[ISO-abbreviation] Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao

[Language] chi

[Publication-type] English Abstract; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] China

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Mutant Proteins; 0 / Recombinant Proteins; EC 3.1.1.3 / Lipase

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

The Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV/HHV8) is associated with Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) as well as primary effusion lymphomas (PEL).

However, DNA-damaging drugs such as doxorubicin are clinically efficacious against PEL and KS, suggesting that p53 signaling remains intact despite the presence of KSHV.

To investigate the functionality of p53 in PEL, we examined the response of a large number of PEL cell lines to doxorubicin.

Two out of seven (29%) PEL cell lines harbored a mutant p53 allele (BCBL-1 and BCP-1) which led to doxorubicin resistance.

In contrast, all other PEL containing wild-type p53 showed DNA damage-induced cell cycle arrest, p53 phosphorylation, and p53 target gene activation.

Supporting this finding, chemical inhibition of p53 signaling in PEL led to doxorubicin resistance, and chemical activation of p53 by the Hdm2 antagonist Nutlin-3 led to unimpaired induction of p53 target genes as well as growth inhibition and apoptosis.

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(PMID = 17121789.001).

[ISSN] 0022-538X

[Journal-full-title] Journal of virology

[ISO-abbreviation] J. Virol.

[Language] ENG

[Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA109232-05; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA109232-03S1; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA109232; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA163217; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA109232-04; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA109232-03; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / T32 CA009156; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA009156; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA700580; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA109232-01; United States / NIDCR NIH HHS / DE / R01 DE018304; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA109232-02; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA109232-05; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA109232-02; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA109232; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA109232-01; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA109232-03S1; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA109232-03; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / CA109232-04

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Cell Cycle Proteins; 0 / Imidazoles; 0 / Piperazines; 0 / Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; 0 / nutlin 3; 80168379AG / Doxorubicin; EC 6.3.2.19 / MDM2 protein, human; EC 6.3.2.19 / Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2

[Other-IDs] NLM/ PMC1797584

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Contrary to mammalian DNA, which is thought to contain only 5-methylcytosine (m5C), bacterial DNA contains two additional methylated bases, namely N6-methyladenine (m6A), and N4-methylcytosine (m4C).

However, if the main function of m5C and m4C in bacteria is protection against restriction enzymes, the roles of m6A are multiple and include, for example, the regulation of virulence and the control of many bacterial DNA functions such as the replication, repair, expression and transposition of DNA.

Interestingly, even if adenine methylation is usually considered a bacterial DNA feature, the presence of m6A has been found in protist and plant DNAs.

Furthermore, indirect evidence suggests the presence of m6A in mammal DNA, raising the possibility that this base has remained undetected due to the low sensitivity of the analytical methods used.

This highlights the importance of considering m6A as the sixth element of DNA.

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[Copyright] Copyright 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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(PMID = 16479578.001).

[ISSN] 0265-9247

[Journal-full-title] BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology

[ISO-abbreviation] Bioessays

[Language] eng

[Publication-type] Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review

[Publication-country] United States

[Chemical-registry-number] 9007-49-2 / DNA; JAC85A2161 / Adenine; W7IBY2BGAX / 6-methyladenine

[Number-of-references] 91

[Other-IDs] NLM/ HALMS390682; NLM/ PMC2754416

   

[Source] The source of this record is MEDLINE®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is a very rare subgroup of B-cell lymphomas presenting as pleural, peritoneal and pericardial neoplastic effusions in the absence of a solid tumor mass or recognizable nodal involvement.

There is strong evidence that Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is a causal agent of PEL.

PEL tumor cells are latently infected by KSHV with consistent expression of several viral proteins and microRNAs that can affect cellular proliferation, differentiation and survival.

The most relevant data on pathogenesis and biology of KSHV have been provided by studies on PEL-derived cell lines.

Fourteen continuous cell lines have been established from the malignant effusions of patients with AIDS-associated and non-AIDS-associated PEL.

The PEL cell lines display unique features and are clearly distinct from other lymphoma cell lines.

PEL cell lines represent an indispensable tool for the understanding of KSHV biology and its impact on the clinical manifestation of PEL.

Studies on PEL cell lines have shown that a number of viral genes, expressed during latency or lytic life cycle, have effects on cell binding, proliferation, angiogenesis and inflammation.

Also, PEL cell lines are important model systems for the study of the disorder of PEL including the lack of invasive or destructive growth patterns and the peculiar propensity of PEL to involve body cavity surfaces.

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(PMID = 20051807.001).

[ISSN] 1473-5571

[Journal-full-title] AIDS (London, England)

[ISO-abbreviation] AIDS

[Language] ENG

[Grant] United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA068939; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01 CA103646; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01CA068939; United States / NCI NIH HHS / CA / R01CA103646

[Publication-type] Editorial; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review

[Publication-country] England

[Chemical-registry-number] 0 / Cytokines; 0 / Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A

[Other-IDs] NLM/ NIHMS492494; NLM/ PMC3740588